Minerals in India

OccurrenceIt is found in the sedimentary rock stratas of the river valleys. Decomposed vegetative matter under heat and pressure after millions of years changes to coal.Types:Anthracite more than 90% carbon contentBituminous 75-80% carbon contentLignite less than 50% carbon content, it is a lower grade brown coalPeat very poor qualityReturnCoalSignificanceOccurrence / TypesDistribution:Gondwana CoalfieldsTertiary CoalfieldsBackWhat are the Drawbacks of Coal found in India? Why is the location of a coal-field an important factor in industrial development?Why is lignite a lower grade coal? [ICSE 12-13]Oil refineriesCrude oil derived from earth is sent to refineries for refining. Indian Oil Corporation (IOC), Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL), Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL), etc. are engaged in refining of petroleum. The refineries are located close to the coast. Among the 17 big refineries, Mangalore refinery is in the joint sector and Reliance Petroleum in Jamnagar is in the private sector. Public refineries under the public sector include:Mathura, Barauli and Haldia under IOCL.The two at Mumbai are under HPCL and BPCL.

BackName the two main belts of India where oil is found.i) The Assam-Arakan belt ii) The Gujarat-Cambay belt

Why is the location of a coal-field an important factor in industrial development?Coal is a bulky commodity with a low specific value and transportation over long distances involves high costs.

How is low grade iron ore utilized?i) Blended with high grade ores or sponge iron ii) Made into billets (used for train lines)

What are the Drawbacks of Coal found in India?i) The coal seams are too thin to allow modern machinery to work on them. ii) Obsolete methods of mining in most of the coal mines reduces the total input.

Why is lignite a lower grade coal?i) It has more moisture ii) It is less combustible.

ICSE 2012-13BackContentsCoalPetroleumNatural gasOil RefineriesIron oreManganeseBauxiteLimestone

BauxiteSignificanceDistributionBackLimestoneSignificanceDistributionBackTertiaryJK Riasi Assam LakhimpurArunachal Pradesh NamchikNagaland Borjan, TiensangMeghalaya W. Darrangari, BalphakRajasthan PalluTN Neyveli, Jayamkoda, MannargudiBack