Ministry of Defence Defence Standard 00-101s3.spanglefish.com/s/22631/documents/safety-specifications/def... · Ministry of Defence Defence Standard 00-101 ... Publication (JSP430):

Ministry of Defence Defence Standard 00-101 Issue 2 Publication Date 27 June 2008

Design Standards for Explosives Safety in MOD Ships and

Submarines

Part 4 Generic Naval Environment

Category 1

Reprinted 28 August 2008 to Incorporate Amendment 1

DEFSTAN 00-101 Part 4 Issue 2

ii

AMENDMENT RECORD

Amd No Date Text Affected Signature and Date

1 20/08/08 Clause 1.9 re-written to latest legislation R Leary 20/08/08

Revision Note

The previous magazine design standards have been protectively marked RESTRICTED, this standard is UNCLASSIFIED. Classified material associated with Response to ATTack on AMmunition (RATTAM) threat levels and mitigation techniques is published separately under classified Naval Authority notice (NAN) EXP/03 in support of this standard. This document is available from DES SESea-NAExp, it currently is protectively marked RESTRICTED.

Historical Record

This standard supersedes the following: Defence Standard 00-101 Part 4 Issue 1

NAN EXP/04


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CONTENTS

PREFACE.....................................................................................................................................3 0. INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................7 1. SCOPE ..............................................................................................................................8 2. WARNING .........................................................................................................................9 3. RELATED DOCUMENTS ................................................................................................10 4. DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS............................................................................10 5. AMENDMENT..................................................................................................................11 6. SPONSORSHIP OF THE REQUIREMENT AND SECURITY .........................................11 7. STATUTORY LEGISLATION AND MOD REGULATION FOR

PLATFORM EXPLOSIVE SAFETY .................................................................................11 8. OVERVIEW OF THE GENERIC NAVAL ENVIRONMENT PROCESS............................12 9. OVERVIEW OF THE GNE PRINCIPLES ........................................................................14 10. USING THE GNE.............................................................................................................16 11. NAVAL PLATFORM ENVIRONMENT .............................................................................19 12. KEY DISRUPTIVE STIMULUI TABLES...........................................................................21 TABLE 1 BULLET ATTACK...................................................................................................21 TABLE 2 FRAGMENT IMPACT/ATTACK..............................................................................22 TABLE 3 SYMPATHETIC REACTION ..................................................................................22 TABLE 4 FUEL FIRE (FAST HEATING)................................................................................23 13. STIMULUI UNLIKELY TO IMPACT EXPLOSIVES SAFETY TABLES ............................25 TABLE 5 TEMPERATURE and HUMIDITY...........................................................................25 TABLE 6 WATER EFFECTS.................................................................................................26 TABLE 7 ICE ACCUMULATION............................................................................................27 TABLE 8 EXTREME TEMPERATURE CHANGE..................................................................27 TABLE 9 ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE VARIATION ............................................................28 TABLE 10 SALT EFFECTS.....................................................................................................29 TABLE 11 MOULD EFFECTS.................................................................................................30 TABLE 12 ACIDIC CONTAMINATION ....................................................................................30 TABLE 13 FLUID CONTAMINATION......................................................................................31 TABLE 14 VERTICAL DROP ..................................................................................................32 TABLE 15 VIBRATION............................................................................................................33 TABLE 16 UNDERWATER SHOCK........................................................................................34 TABLE 17 RADIO FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION (RF) ...........................35 TABLE 18 ELECTROMAGNETIC ENVIRONMENT (EM) .......................................................36 TABLE 19 ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE (ESD)..................................................................37 TABLE 20 SLOW HEATING/SLOW COOK-OFF ....................................................................38


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14. NAVAL ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT STATEMENT (NEAS) ....................................40 15. OME INTEGRATION ASSESSMENT SYSTEM (OMEIAS)(In

Development) ..................................................................................................................53 16. PROPELLANT BLAST CHARACTERISTICS ..................................................................54 17. ANNEX A RELATED DOCUMENTS................................................................................56 ANNEX B ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................59 ANNEX C DEFINITIONS .......................................................................................................61


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PREFACE Sponsorship

a. This Defence Standard (Def Stan) 00-101 is sponsored by the Directorate Sea Systems (DSS) Naval Authority Explosives (NAExp), Defence Equipment & Support (DE&S), Ministry of Defence (MOD).

b. The complete standard is titled: Design Standards for Explosives Safety in MOD Ships and Submarines, and comprises:

Part 1: Surface Ships Part 2: Submarines Part 3: Electrical Equipment and Installation Part 4: Generic Naval Environment Part 5: Ship Weapon Dynamic Safety

c. If it is found to be unsuitable for any particular requirement the MOD is to be informed in writing of the circumstances.

d. Any user of this Defence Standard either within MOD or in industry may propose an amendment to it. Proposals for amendments that are not directly applicable to a particular contract are to be made to the publishing authority identified on Page 1, and those directly applicable to a particular contract are to be dealt with using contract procedures.

e. No alteration is to be made to this Defence Standard except by the issue of an authorised amendment.

f. Unless otherwise stated, reference in this Defence Standard to approval, approved, authorised or similar terms, means the Ministry of Defence in writing.

g. Any significant amendments that may be made to this Defence Standard at a later date will be indicated by a vertical sideline. Deletions will be indicated by 000 appearing at the end of the line interval.

h. Extracts from British Standards within this Defence Standard have been included with the permission of the British Standards Institution.


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Conditions of Release

i. This Defence Standard has been devised solely for the use of the MOD, and its contractors in the execution of contracts for the MOD. To the extent permitted by law, the Crown hereby excludes all liability whatsoever and howsoever arising (including but without limitation, liability resulting from negligence) for any loss or damage however caused when the Defence Standard is used for any other purpose.

j. This document is Crown Copyright and the information herein may be subject to Crown or third party rights. It is not to be released, reproduced or published without written permission of the MOD.

k. The Crown reserves the right to amend or modify the contents of this Defence Standard without consulting or informing any holder.

MoD Tender or Contract Process

l. This Defence Standard is the property of the Crown and unless otherwise authorised in writing by the MOD must be returned on completion of the contract or submission of the tender in connection with which it is issued.

m. When this Defence Standard is used in connection with a MOD tender or contract, the user is to ensure that he is in possession of the appropriate version of each document, including related documents, relevant to each particular tender or contract. Enquiries in this connection may be made of the Authority named in the tender or contract.

n. When Defence Standards are incorporated into contracts, users are responsible for their correct application and for complying with contractual and other statutory requirements. Compliance with a Defence Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.

Categories of Defence Standard

o. The Category of this Defence Standard has been determined using the following criteria:

a) Category 1. If not applied may have a Critical affect on the following: Safety of the vessel, its complement or third parties. Operational performance of the vessel, its systems or equipment.

b) Category 2. If not applied may have a Significant affect on the following: Safety of the vessel, its complement or third parties. Operational performance of the vessel, its systems or equipment. Through life costs and support.

c) Category 3. If not applied may have a Minor affect on the following: MOD best practice and fleet commonality. Corporate experience and knowledge. Current support practice.


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Related Documents

p. In the tender and procurement processes the related documents in each Section and Annex A can be obtained as follows:

a) British Standards British Standards Institution, 389 Chiswick High Road, London, W4 4AL

b) Defence Standards UK Defence Standardization, Kentigern House 65 Brown Street, Glasgow, G2 8EX

c) Other documents Tender or Contract Sponsor to advise.

q. All applications to Ministry Establishments for related documents are to quote the relevant MOD Invitation to Tender or Contract Number and date, together with the sponsoring Directorate and the Tender or Contract Sponsor.

r. Prime Contractors are responsible for supplying their subcontractors with relevant documentation, including specifications, standards and drawings.

Health and Safety

s. This Defence Standard may call for the use of processes, substances and procedures that may be injurious to health if adequate precautions are not taken. It refers only to technical suitability and in no way absolves either the supplier or any user from statutory obligations relating to health and safety at any stage of manufacture or use. Where attention is drawn to hazards, those quoted may not necessarily be exhaustive.

t. This Defence Standard has been written and is to be used taking into account the policy stipulated in Joint Services Publication (JSP430): MOD Ship Safety Management System Handbook.

Additional Information

u. This standard defines the Generic Naval Environment (GNE) that munitions will be exposed to when embarked on MOD ships. The GNE is an important component of the safety management systems for explosives hazards that are described in JSP520 and JSP430.

v. This standard has been produced by SSG Naval Authority Explosives, Defence Procurement Agency, Ministry of Defence. The Point-of-Contact for matters pertaining to the technical content of the standard is Directorate Sea Systems (DSS) NAExp, Ash 3c #3311, MOD Abbey Wood, BRISTOL BS34 8JH.


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w. This standard has been agreed by the authorities concerned with its use and is intended to be used whenever relevant in all future designs, contracts, orders etc. and whenever practicable by amendment to those already in existence. If any difficulty arises which prevents application of the Standard, the sponsor shall be informed so that a remedy may be sought.

x. Any enquiries regarding this standard in relation to an invitation to tender or a contract in which it is incorporated are to be addressed to the responsible Platform Duty Holder (PDH), normally the Platform Integrated Project Team (IPT), named in the invitation to tender or contract.

y. Compliance with this Standard shall not in itself relieve any person from any legal obligations imposed upon them.

z. This standard has been devised solely for the use of the MOD and its contractors in the execution of contracts for the MOD. To the extent permitted by law, the MOD hereby excludes all liability whatsoever and howsoever arising (including, but without limitation, liability resulting from negligence) for any loss or damage however caused when the standard is used for any other purpose.

aa. The complexities of capability management mean that co-ordinated acquisition of munitions and maritime platforms is often not realistic. e.g. when legacy Land Systems munitions are used in amphibious operations. This factor, alongside the requirement for a large range of permutations of munitions and platforms to be catered for, makes it vital that the scope for incompatibility of munitions and maritime platforms is minimised. Use of the GNE in both the munition and maritime platform acquisition programmes provides a mechanism for optimising capability.

ab. The GNE standard is to be specified in the Requirement for all munitions to be embarked in MOD ships and for all MOD ships that embark munitions. In this manner through partnership, on one hand it enables ship Platform IPTs to provide ships that can provide an environment which does not present unaccounted hazards to the munitions embarked and, on the other hand, it provides to Munition IPTs a clear exposition of the environment their munition will be exposed to when embarked in MOD ships. The GNE provides a methodology for integration safety management of explosives, that assists IPT Duty Holders charged with generation of safety cases that demonstrate that any residual risks are ALARP and tolerable.

ac. The mandatory requirements and associated guidance in this Standard are intended to meet the policy of the Secretary of State for Defence to put in place regulations that are at least as good as civil requirements, so far as is reasonably practicable, where MOD has exemption from civil legislation. Use of this Standard in maritime platform acquisition programmes is also intended to contribute towards optimisation of capability.


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DESIGN STANDARDS FOR EXPLOSIVES SAFETY IN MOD SHIPS AND SUBMARINES – STANDARDS FOR DEFENCE –

PART 4: GENERIC NAVAL ENVIRONMENT (GNE)

0. INTRODUCTION

0.1 This standard is authorised by the Naval Authority (Explosives) by delegated authority from Controller of the Navy and Chairman of the Ship Safety Board on behalf of the MOD Ship Safety Board, and its use is a mandatory requirement of JSP 430 Part 3, Naval Authority Regulations (NAR) Chapter 8 (Explosives).

0.2 The aim of this Standard is to provide requirements and guidance to assist in providing an acceptably safe integration of Ordnance, Munitions Explosives (OME) into MOD ships.

0.3 This Standard has been issued to identify the specification for the Generic Naval Environment (GNE). It is to be used within the Ordnance, Munitions and Explosives (OME) Safety Management System (SMS), JSP 520 and MoD Ships SMS, JSP 430 (as defined in JSP430, Part 3, Naval Authority Regulations (NAR), Chapter 8 (Explosives) and JSP 862). The GNE provides a common environmental datum that shall be used as the reference basis for assessment of both munitions and maritime platform OME arrangements. This ensures that when conducting the integration activity (munition into platform) that assessment/performance data for both the munition and platform have a common basis.

0.4 Discrete sections cover specific topics providing Descriptions, Performance Requirements, Approved Codes of Practice (ACOP) and Guidance for each. This Standard is a component of the Safety Management System process mandated by JSP430, Part3, Naval Authority Regulations Chapter 8 (Explosives) which defines how Ordnance Munitions and Explosives (OME) should be integrated and used safely in Ships (includes submarines). It is essential that Def Stan 00 101 Part 4 is read in conjunction with Naval Authority Regulations Chapter 8 (Explosives). In addition, Maritime Acquisition Publication (MAP) 01-103, Ship Explosives Safety Case (SESC) – Guidance for Platform Duty Holders, Part 1 provides further guidance on the process for developing an SESC.

0.5 This Standard is to be specified in the User Requirements Documentation and System Requirements for all MOD Ships that embark munitions. Def Stan 00-101 is authorised by the Naval Authority Explosives and its use is a mandatory requirement of the Naval Authority Regulations, Chapter 8 (Explosives).

0.6 The user of this standard is directed to ANNEX C that should be read early in the use of this standard to ensure that the terminology is understood and to avoid misinterpretation.


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1. SCOPE

1.1 The MOD Ships to which this standard applies are defined in JSP 430 and JSP430 Pt 3 Naval Authority Regulations, Chapter 8 (Explosives). These include HM Ships and Submarines, Royal Fleet Auxiliaries (RFA), Marine Services, other ships owned by MOD, Government Owned Contractor Operated (GOCO) vessels (where these are owned by MOD), and ships on MOD charter. The term “ship” is intended to include vessels, launches, tenders, lighters and any other craft carrying any pyrotechnics and/or explosives. The Naval Authority may determine that a specific platform is not required to comply where no hazard exists but does not issue exemption certificates. All such maritime platforms are described as MOD Ships in the remainder of this document.

1.2 This Standard applies to the design, construction and ship fitting of all MOD Ships built to MOD or Classification Society constructional standards and operated by the Royal Navy, Army (including Special Forces), Royal Air Force, RFA or Marine Services. The standard also applies to Marine Services vessels supplied as Government Furnished Equipment for contract operations and MOD authorised modifications undertaken to charter vessels.

1.3 It is to be applied to contracts that specify requirements that have any effect upon the explosives safety of the platform. This will include the Magazines, adjacent compartments and ammunition routes and handling equipment within MOD ships in which explosives will be embarked, moved, stowed and used. It is also to be applied to all Refit and Repair work affecting any of these including Alterations and Additions and Modifications. It may also include other design issues throughout the platform that impact on explosives safety.

1.4 The complete standard is titled: Design Standards for Explosives Safety in MoD Ships and Submarines, and comprises:

Part 1 – Surface Ships Part 2 – Submarines Part 3 – Electrical Equipment and Installation Part 4 – Generic Naval Environment Part 5 –Ship Weapon Dynamic Safety

1.5 Classified material associated with RATTAM threat levels and mitigation techniques is published separately under classified NAN EXP/03 in support of this standard. This document is available from DESSESea-NAExp, it currently is protectively marked RESTRICTED.

1.6 This standard has been written primarily to support the risk based shipborne explosives Safety Management System (SMS) introduced by NAR JSP 430 Part 3 Chapter 8 Explosives. Where legacy vessels have been certificated under previous transition procedures, it is not necessary to implement additional work to meet this standard, unless major modifications are undertaken to a Magazine or weapon system. In that case, this Defence Standard must be implemented.


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1.7 Supplementary information, information requiring a higher protective marking and temporary instructions will be issued in the form of Naval Authority Notices (NAN). NANs relating to explosives safety in MOD ships and submarines are available from Naval Authority System Library website (www.nakmo.co.uk) or the Sponsor of this Standard.

1.8 For the storing and handling of petroleum, oils, lubricants (POL) and certain other hazardous stores in HM Ships, BR1754 is to be consulted (Navy Service Authority: Systems Fuels & Lubricants, WSA, MPS216, Abbey Wood , Bristol).

1.9 Regulations governing the safe stowage and handling of explosives in Magazines in RFAs are covered in JSP 862 Chapter 13. Regulations covering the safe stowage and handling of explosives in Charter shipping are included in the IMDG Regulations.

1.10 This Standard is applicable also to mechanical/electro-mechanical and electrical/electronic/ micro-electronic sub-systems that control the functioning of explosive devices and those that control other safety related features within explosively configured weapons or stores.

1.11 This Standard is to be applied to Ministry of Defence contracts that specify the requirements for munitions to be embarked, for carriage and/or use, in MoD ships and also for the MoD ships that will be required to carry/use them. It describes the Generic Naval Environment.

1.12 The environments resulting from lightning or a nuclear electromagnetic pulse are not given in this standard; STANAG 4236 and Def Stan 02-529 (NES 529) shall be consulted.

1.13 This standard also defines the test and acceptance criteria to be used in the assessment of a weapon system or munition to determine that it is safe in the environment specified. These criteria also apply to electrical/electronic sub-systems that control the functioning of explosive devices and those which control other safety devices within the weapon system or store.

1.14 This Standard is applicable to the conventional explosives used to propel nuclear weapons but is not otherwise applicable to any other components of nuclear weapons.

2. WARNING

2.1 The Ministry of Defence (MOD), like its contractors, is subject to both United Kingdom and European laws regarding Health and Safety at Work, without exemption. All Defence Standards either directly or indirectly invoke the use of processes and procedures that could be injurious to health if adequate precautions are not taken. Defence Standards or their use in no way absolves users from complying with statutory and legal requirements relating to Health and Safety at Work.

2.2 This is a mandatory Category 1 Standard. If not applied it may have a Critical affect on the following:

a) Safety of the embarked munitions and the platform, its complement, or third parties.


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b) Operational performance of the ship, its systems or equipment. c) Through life costs and support of both munition and platform.

2.3 If the Platform Duty Holder (PDH) proposes not to apply a Category 1 Standard, agreement must be obtained from Naval Authority Explosives and the relevant Director of Equipment Capability (DEC). Details of any such agreement are to be formally recorded in the Safety Case. In the event of a MOD enquiry or any prosecution under Health and Safety legislation, if it is proved that the relevant requirements were not followed, the PDH will need to show that he has complied with the Naval Authority Regulations in some other way or an enquiry or court may find him at fault.

2.4 In this standard, Performance Requirements are mandatory (Category 1) requirements. Additionally clauses including the words “shall”, “must”, “is to”, “are to” also are mandatory.

2.5 This standard contains Approved Code of Practice (ACOP), which has been approved by the Naval Authority (Explosives) as good practice. It gives practical advice that may be used to assist in complying with this standard. Alternative methods to those set out in the ACOP may be used providing they are justified in the safety case.

2.6 This standard also contains other, more general Guidance. This guidance reflects corporate knowledge and experience and is issued by the Naval Authority Explosives to assist duty holders’ understanding of the subject area. It may not be exhaustive and all users are recommended to contact SSG NAExp for the latest information.

3. RELATED DOCUMENTS

3.1 The publications listed in Annex A are referred to in the text of this standard.

3.2 Reference in this standard to any related document means in any invitation to tender or contract the edition and all amendments current at the date of such tender or contract unless a specific edition is indicated.

3.3 In consideration of 3.2 above, users shall be fully aware of the issue and amendment status of all related documents, particularly when forming part of an invitation to tender or contract. Responsibility for the correct application of standards rests with users.

3.4 The Directorate of Standardisation (DStan) can advise where related documents are obtained. Requests for such information can be made to the DStan Helpdesk.

4. DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS

4.1 For the purpose of this standard the abbreviations and definitions listed in Annexes B and C apply. This Standard establishes certain definitions.


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5. AMENDMENT

5.1 If this standard is found to be unsuitable for any particular requirement, the sponsor is to be informed in writing with a copy to DSS NAExp, Ash 3c #3311, MOD Abbey Wood, BRISTOL BS34 8JH.

5.2 Any user of this Standard either within MOD or in industry may propose an amendment to it. Proposals for amendments that are not directly applicable to a particular contract are to be made to the MOD and those directly applicable to a particular contract are to be dealt with using existing procedures or as specified in the contract.

5.3 No alteration is to be made to this Standard except by the issue of an authorized amendment.

5.4 Unless otherwise stated, reference in this Standard to approval, approved, authorized or similar terms, means by the Ministry of Defence in writing.

6. SPONSORSHIP OF THE REQUIREMENT AND SECURITY

6.1 JSP 430 introduces the concept of Key Hazard Safety Management by MOD Platform Duty Holders (PDH) who are normally the associated Platform Integrated Project Team (PIPT) Leaders. JSP430 defines a Key Hazard to represent a significant danger to the lives of several persons and whose consequence may cause the loss of the ship or significant damage to the environment. JSP430 mandates the Regulation of these key hazards by an independent assurance body and for explosives the Naval Authority Explosives (NAExp) undertakes this role, with delegated authority from the Ships Safety Board (SSB).DSS NAExp sponsors this Category 1 mandatory Standard. It is approved by the Naval Authority Explosives Advisory Committee (NAEAC).

6.2 Throughout this document the following convention is used when referring to the Regulatory body or its incumbents. NAExp relates generically to Naval Authority Explosives and its policies, DSS NAExp relates to the secretariat.

6.3 NAExp has published a suite of documents relating to the use of this Standard, that comprise Naval Authority Regulations Chapter 8 – Explosives, JSP 862 - MOD Maritime Explosives Regulations Edition 1 (Operator Requirements) and Maritime Acquisition Publication (MAP) 01-103, Ship Explosives Safety Case (SESC) – Guidance For Platform Duty Holders, Part 1 They will be referenced in the Acquisition Management System (AMS) and are available via the Naval Authority System Library website at www.nakmo.co.uk.

7. STATUTORY LEGISLATION AND MOD REGULATION FOR PLATFORM EXPLOSIVE SAFETY

7.1 Refer to this Defence Standard Part 1 or Part 2, Section 7, for the information relating to this subject matter.


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8. OVERVIEW OF THE GENERIC NAVAL ENVIRONMENT PROCESS

8.1 Introduction to the Process

8.1.1 Explosives safety afloat is achieved through a coherent partnership between design, material state and operator procedures. The Platform Duty Holder (PDH) is responsible for achieving this coherence and demonstrating it through the Ship Explosives Safety Case (SESC) (Reference MAP 01-103).

8.1.2 Management of explosives safety within MOD, for the maritime environment, has a number of process stages. JSP430 identifies embarked explosives as a key hazard requiring independent safety approval and certification the details of the process are the subject of JSP430 Part 3 Naval Authority Regulations Chapter 8 (Explosives) undertaken by the PDH. JSP520 defines the processes undertaken by the OME IPT acting as the Duty Holder to address the inherent explosive safety of the Ordnance, Munitions and Explosives (OME).

8.1.3 For OME, which is required to be embarked, there is thus a requirement for the JSP520 process to interface with the JSP430 process and thereby provide appropriate input to the integrated Ship Explosives Safety Case (SESC). To aid the efficiency of this interface and improve the compatibility of OME and maritime platforms, both the JSP520 and JSP430 processes use the Generic Naval Environment (GNE) as a common performance target and assessment datum. The GNE is defined in this Standard and this Part (4)..

8.2 The Generic Naval Environment

8.2.1 The GNE is an important facilitator of the safety management system for explosive hazards in MOD maritime platforms.

8.2.2 The reality and complexity of capability management mean that co-ordinated acquisition of munitions and maritime platforms is normally not possible. Indeed the wide and ever changing permutations of munitions and platforms that must be catered for, makes it vital that the potential for incompatibility of munitions and maritime platforms is minimised. Use of the GNE in both the munition and maritime platform acquisition programmes provides a mechanism for optimising compatibility.

8.2.3 To this end the GNE is specified across both sides of the JSP520/JSP430 interface for situations where there is a potential requirement for OME to be integrated into maritime platforms.


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8.2.4 The GNE has two distinct roles:

a) Requirement Specification. The GNE provides common environmental criteria, which should, as far as is practicable, be specified in the requirements for OME to be embarked in JSP430 ships. It should also be specified for the JSP430 ships in respect of the environment created for embarked OME during their embarkation, stowage, handling and use.

b) Assessment Datum. The GNE provides a common environmental datum, which should be used as the reference basis for assessment of both OME and maritime platforms arrangements for OME. This ensures that when conducting the integration activity (OME into platform) that assessment/performance data from both munition and platform have a common basis.


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9. OVERVIEW OF THE GNE PRINCIPLES

9.1 The GNE acts as a facilitator to the efficient integration of the inherent OME safety performance into maritime platform explosive safety cases across the JSP520/JSP430 interface. It does this by providing a common environmental performance target for both OME and maritime platforms along with a framework for recording details of how OME reacts to various stimuli with a mechanism for subsequently demonstrating integration into platform safety cases.

9.2 Inherent OME Aspects JSP520 describes the process that is to be followed for the safety assurance of OME and it depends upon establishment of the environmental parameters in which the OME will be required to operate. This environment is established using the process that is detailed in Allied Ordnance Procedure (AOP) 15, Section 6 and depicted pictorially in NAR Chapter 8. Details of how the GNE interacts with the AOP-15 process is depicted below, at Fig 1 For OME that is required to be deployed to the maritime environment the GNE supports the AOP-15 assessment process by providing:

a) Details of the environmental parameters to be considered when munitions are required to be embarked into maritime platforms, (GNE Performance Requirement).

b) Test criteria and procedures. (GNE Approved Code of Practice).

c) A structured method for the provision of essential data on OME reaction to stimuli coupled with a process that supports PDH integration justifications. The methodology is available currently in the form of the hard copy Naval Environment Assessment Statement (NEAS) and as the ‘Web-Based’ OME Integration Assessment System (OMEIAS) which is currently being developed and it is intended that it will eventually supersede the NEAS (Contact NAExp for the latest status of this web based tool). (Note: The OMEIAS tool is available to users across the RLI and allows OME DHs to input data that is readily available to all PDH who have a need to integrate it into their ships.)

Fig 1 – GNE Interaction with AOP-15.

AOP15

Block E (Define Predicted Service

Environment)

Block L/M (Select/ Demonstrate Trials)

Block T (Report)

GNE

Performance Requirement

ACOP

Naval Environment Assessment Statement


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9.3 Platform Integration Aspects. Duty Holders for JSP430 ships that are required to integrate OME into their platforms should utilise the facility of the GNE to assist the integration process. Platforms which comply with the requirements of Parts 1 and 2 of this Standard should provide GNE compliant environments, however the actual performance of the platform with respect to the GNE will still need to be assessed by the PDH. To assist the PDH in the integration of OME this part of the Standard provides a report style (the NEAS) and the (‘Web-Based’ OMEIAS). The NEAS and the development OMEIAS allow the OME duty holder to effectively communicate the essential OME response to stimulus data, from the AOP15 assessment, such that action to integrate into a ship and its explosives safety case may be undertaken effectively and efficiently.

The PDH should utilise the data provided by the OMEDH in the NEAS or OMEIAS Web-Based tool to develop the platform based argument for safe incremental integration:

i) Use of NEAS to integrate - Integration is conducted by mapping individual OME NEAS to the Platform NEAS. The output of this mapping process will be a clear definition of the areas where there is satisfactory compatibility between the OME and platform. The mapping process will also identify areas that require further assessment in order to achieve satisfactory integration. For these latter areas of concern, consideration will need to be given to the measures that are necessary to deal with the incompatibility.

ii) Use of OMEIAS to integrate - The development OMEIAS fulfils the functions of the NEAS whilst offering considerable advantages to both OMEDH and PDH users by including some simple inbuilt algorithms that provide visual indication of integration success together with the ability to generate platform integration safety case reports.

9.4 GNE Content. The GNE provides details of the natural and induced environment that a munition is likely to experience when embarked in a JSP 430 ship together with additional inherent OME issues. These parameters are concerned with the response of munitions to stimulus or situations that may have an impact on explosive safety afloat and are identified in Sections 12 and 13. Sections 14 and 15 define the GNE report styles that are available for use, the NEAS and OMEIAS respectively.

9.5 Exclusions to GNE scope. The GNE does not cover:

a) Transport of OME to/from vessels which is specific to inherent OME safety cases and the interface between JSP482 and JSP520.

b) The inherent environments experienced by the OME during use such as firing, projection, launch or ejection and free flight. These are matters for the inherent safety case under JSP520.

c) Environments experienced by the OME during captive flight (e.g. aircraft carriage). These are matters for the inherent to air environment interface (JSP520/JSP553).

d) The GNE does not cover the nuclear components of Nuclear Weapons.


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10. USING THE GNE

10.1 The GNE describes a methodology for use by both munition and platform IPTs, which supports the process of providing important OME safety data to the PDH, in accordance with JSP520, and integration of same OME safety cases into ship safety cases, in accordance with JSP430. Utilisation of the GNE methodology for safety assessment and safety case management will provide a comprehensive and common basis for the integration process and reduce the risk of unsatisfactory integration.

10.2 OME Duty Holder. The GNE Tables define the worst case environment that OME should expect when integrated into a maritime platform. OME DH should report how their OME reacts to the stimuli listed in Sections 12 and 13. The OME should be assessed against the Performance Requirements in the Tables, using the criteria defined in the ACOP. AOP-15 Test and Analysis results should be passed to PDH using the formats at Section 14 (NEAS) or Section 15 (OMEIAS web-based tool). Use of the GNE methodology will enable the OME IPT to:

a) Identify the worst case environment that can be expected in a Maritime Platform, as an input to the AOP-15 process (particularly the Environmental Questionnaire).

b) Identify test criteria in order to assess compliance and identify risks for inclusion in the OME Safety Case Report.

c) To define the inherent OME performance in the maritime environment and identify and declare any gaps in evidence.

d) Provide data on the potential impact of cumulative risk.

e) To provide assurance that, subject to successful integration by the PDH, that the OME is inherently safe and suitable for service in the maritime environment.

10.3 Platform Duty Holder. To underpin the explosives component of the platform safety case the PDH needs to integrate individual items of OME into the specific platform environment. This integration is facilitated by mapping the performance of each inherent OME (measured against the GNE datum) to the actual platform environment that the OME will see (measured against the GNE datum). OME NEAS development or insertion into the OMEIAS web-based database by the OME DHs will allow the PDH to take action to justify safe integration into the platform. The mapping exercise will facilitate identification of:

a) Where GNE environments for both the OME and the platform are compatible signifying that, for this particular environment, safety integration is successful.

b) Incompatibilities, where either the OME or the Platform (or both) are not complaint requiring further work to achieve successful integration. Options for resolution will include; justifying that the situation is acceptable (ALARP and tolerable in the platform safety case: or; more fundamental action such as, mitigation, improvements to the OME inherent performance or removing the requirement for the OME to be embarked.


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NOTE The process will need to be performed for each item of OME that is to be integrated into a platform and a separate OME/Platform NEAS compiled. The OMEIAS Web tool is being structured to provide maximum advantage to IPT Duty Holder users and when complete and populated with OME data will be the preferred vehicle for use when integrating OME into ships and their safety cases.


18

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19

11. NAVAL PLATFORM ENVIRONMENT

NOTES

1. The tables in sections 12 and 13 define the Generic Naval Environment that should be used by both the OME DH and the PDH as a common performance target and a common assessment datum. The data is grouped in the tables as ‘indexed’ below.

‘Section 12 – Key Disruptive Stimuli’

Table 1 - Bullet Attack

Table 2 - Fragment Impact/Attack

Table 3 - Sympathetic Reaction

Table 4 - Fuel Fire (Fast Heating)

‘Section 13 – Stimuli Unlikely To Impact Explosives Safety’

Table 5 - Temperature and Humidity.

Table 6 - Water Effects

i) Magazine Spray ii) Immersion in a Magazine iii) Wave Effect, upper deck for’d (exposed OME only)

Table 7 - Ice Accumulation

Table 8 - Extreme Temperature Change

Table 9 - Atmospheric Pressure Variation

Table 10 - Salt Effects

Table 11 - Mould Effects

Table 12 - Acidic Contamination

Table 13 - Fluid Contamination

Table 14 - Vertical Drop

Table 15 - Vibration

Table 16 - Underwater Shock

Table 17 - Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Radiation (RF).

Table 18 - Electromagnetic environments (EM).

Table 19 – Electrostatic Discharge

Table 20- Slow Heating / Slow Cook-Off


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21

12. KEY DISRUPTIVE STIMULUI TABLES

TABLE 1 BULLET ATTACK

PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENT:

1. Munition response to bullet attack is not to exceed that defined in the ACOP.

2. Platforms are to provide an environment that does not exceed that defined in the ACOP.

ACOP:

Test Procedure And Severity Datum

STANAG 4241

A response of Type V or less at RATTAM A2, but see Guidance and Notes 4.

GUIDANCE AND NOTES:

1. A threat of bullet attack by terrorists on MOD ships is present at all times when in harbour or close inshore, including peacetime. The threat is increased in less stable parts of the world and in periods of unrest and confrontation in operations other than war. The threat continues in war, and may also be present at sea. Threat Categories (RATTAM A1, A2 etc) are defined in Part 1, Section 3 of this Standard.

2. If the hold or magazine is positioned below the waterline it is assumed that no further protection is required for the A1 or A2 threat.

3. Munitions embarked in a container on the upper deck may be at higher risk from bullet attack and so may need to meet a higher threat level for specific operations. Magazines and Magazine Lockers on the upper deck or in the superstructure are designed not to afford obvious targets for bullet attack (see Part 1 of this Standard). Specific ships may be required to have higher levels of RATTAM protection. This will be specified by the DEC in the URD/Platform Policy Document. The Operational Commander may order higher levels of RATTAM protection for specific operations or vessels. (e.g. riverine operations).

4. If the result of the test is a munition response greater than Type V, and/or a propulsive reaction, then additional RATTAM precautions are required in accordance with Part 1 of this Standard. Note that this acceptance criterion is higher than the acceptance criteria defined in STANAG 4241. This is required to meet the IM Goals specified in STANAG 4439.


22

TABLE 2 FRAGMENT IMPACT/ATTACK


1. Munition response to Fragment Impact/Attack is not to exceed that defined in the ACOP. 2. Platforms are to provide a controlled environment that does not exceed that defined in the ACOP

ACOP:


Response to be Type V or less iaw STANAG 4496, but see Guidance and Notes.

Test iaw STANAG 4439

GUIDANCE AND NOTES:

1. The levels of fragment threat in the naval environment may exceed that defined in STANAG 4439. A Threat and Hazard Assessment is to be undertaken for each platform to establish the actual threat levels that require to be considered relative to that platform. It is likely that threat levels will vary widely between classes of vessel.

TABLE 3 SYMPATHETIC REACTION


1. Munition sympathetic reaction response is not to exceed that defined in the ACOP. 2. Platforms are to provide measures to reduce the likelihood and effects of a sympathetic reaction

to levels declared in the ACOP.

ACOP:


STANAG 4396, the reaction of the acceptor munition must be at least one order of response less than the donor munition, but should be no greater than a Type III response. Further to the instrumentation requirements in STANAG 4396, pressure measurements shall be taken to aid in the assessment of response type.

GUIDANCE AND NOTES:

1. The core requirement is for the reaction of the acceptor munition to be at least one order of response less than the donor munition, so that the reaction is diminished and no unlimited “chain reaction” can occur. Thus if the maximum response to other credible accidents is less than Type I or Type II (detonation/partial detonation) (e.g. Type III) the reaction of the acceptor shall be Type IV or less and so on. Where the donor reaction is a Type V then the acceptor should also exhibit no worse than a Type V reaction.


23

TABLE 4 FUEL FIRE (FAST HEATING)


1. Munition response to a Fuel Fire (Fast Heating) is not to exceed that defined in the ACOP. 2. Platforms are to provide measures to reduce the possible effects of a fuel fire to minimum levels. ACOP:


Response to be Type V or less iaw STANAG 4240, but see Guidance and Notes 2.

Test iaw Def Stan 00 35 Part 3 Section 5 Test FX2.

GUIDANCE AND NOTES:

1. The hazard of liquid fuel fire is assumed to be present for all embarked munitions at some or all times.

2. Where the response to the Liquid Fuel Fire Test is Type V or greater within 5 minutes, additional operational limitations may be recommended by the NAExp to the Operational Commander for VERTREP and for stowage adjacent to motor transport or fuelling points.

3. Firefighting arrangements are to be provided iaw Parts 1 and 2 of this Def Stan 00 101.


24

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25

13. STIMULUI UNLIKELY TO IMPACT EXPLOSIVES SAFETY TABLES

TABLE 5 TEMPERATURE and HUMIDITY

PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS:

1. The munition is to be safe and suitable for service in the range of temperature and humidity conditions that can be experienced in naval operating environments.

2. Platforms are to provide temperature and humidity conditions consistent with the Approved Code of Practice.

ACOP:


The range of temperature and humidity conditions for shipboard stowage and the range extremes are provided below. Temperature And Humidity Conditions Temperature (°C) Relative Humidity (%) OME minimum and maximum -34 to +69 100 to 8 Magazine/ WSC Conditions +15 to +32 70 to 30 Test Procedures: Def Stan 00-35 Part 3 Section 3 Parts 3-01 – 3.07 Internal locations – land storage test. GUIDANCE AND NOTES:

Climatic Categories 1. The climatic categories used to define the temperature and humidity ranges are defined in Def Stan

00-35, Part 4 Section 1 Chapter 1. The temperature and humidity ranges have been taken from the maritime categories M1, M2 and M3, and the land categories with the exception of C3 and C4 which warships could not conceivably experience. All other land based climatic categories have been considered for the situation of ships in port. The extreme hot land category (A1) has been considered as it is feasible that ships could experience these conditions in port in places such as the northern Persian Gulf, and the Red Sea.


26

TABLE 6 WATER EFFECTS


1. Munitions are to remain safe and serviceable following wetting, including spray, immersion and green seas loading.

2. The platform is to provide an environment that is consistent with the Approved Code of Practice, using protective measures as necessary.

ACOP: Test Procedure And Severity Level Datum

Magazine Spray – Def Stan 00-35 Chap 3-28 Test CL28. Severity - 280 l/m2/hr for 15 minutes. Immersion in a magazine– Def Stan 00-35 Chap 3-29 Test CL29 Severity - depth 150mm. Wave Effect (upper deck forward, exposed OME only) Severity - 70kPa for 350ms, transient 140kPa for 15ms.

GUIDANCE AND NOTES:

1. Wetting is a credible incident that may be caused by inadvertent operation of spray systems, minor floods or leaks, or preventative operation of spray systems or hoses as a fire precaution. It is applicable in all stowage situations. The spray requirement applies to munitions in magazines and holds fitted with spray systems and also to munitions exposed on the upper deck to pre-wetting systems. Immersion applies to munitions in magazines, holds and floodable lockers.

2. Green seas loading is applicable only to munitions exposed on the forecastle or forepart of the ship. A threat hazard assessment should be undertaken to determine applicability for any upper deck weapon where the munitions are exposed and for weapon launch canisters and vertical launch systems. There is no practicable test other than exposure to severe weather in an OPEVAL. Assessment is carried out by structural analysis of the exposed weapon mounting, canister or silo.


27

TABLE 7 ICE ACCUMULATION


1. The munition is to remain safe and suitable for service in conditions of ice accumulation. 2. The platform must provide an environment that is consistent with the Approved Code of Practice.

ACOP: Test Procedure And Severity Level Datum

Def Stan 00-35 Part 3 Test CL10 – Ice accumulation test Accumulation – 24mm/hour Def Stan 08-123 – Accretion Loading up to 120kg/m2

GUIDANCE AND NOTES:

1. Ice accumulation requirement is only required for munitions that are necessarily exposed on the upper deck. It does not apply to munitions stowed in upper deck lockers. The requirement shall also be applied to upper deck weapon launch canisters and the exposed element of vertical launch systems.

2. De-icing facilities must be capable of shedding 25 mm of ice per hour.

TABLE 8 EXTREME TEMPERATURE CHANGE


Munitions are to remain safe and suitable for service after thermal shock and rapid rate of change of temperature, as could be experienced when transiting to/from a controlled climate such as a magazine, from/to conditions of extreme hot or cold on exposed upper decks.

ACOP:


Def Stan 00-35 Part 3 Chapter 3-14, Test CL14 - Thermal Shock and Rapid Rate of Change of Temperature Def Stan 00-35 Part 6 Chapter 09-01, change rate 40ºC within 3 minutes (Derived from change from minimum magazine temperature (15ºC) to max ambient (55ºC)).

GUIDANCE AND NOTES:

1. This requirement is to cover the situations where munitions may be taken from temperature controlled stowage (such as a magazine) and subjected to extreme hot or cold temperatures on the upper deck prior to firing or disembarkation (in the case of EMF munitions). Def Stan 00-35 Part 3 Chapter 3-14 and Def Stan 00-35 Part 6 Chapter 09-01 provides further guidance.


28

TABLE 9 ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE VARIATION


1. Munitions are to remain safe and serviceable in and following conditions of air pressure that may be experienced in surface ship citadels, or within submarine pressure hulls.

2. Platforms are to provide a pressure environment that does not exceed the figures shown in the Approved Code of Practice.

ACOP:


Def Stan 00-35 Part 3 Chap 3-15 Test CL-15

Severities:

Situation Requirement Internal – surface ship 1140mbar External – surface ship 1060mbar Internal - Submarine Max 1300 mbar

Min 872mbar

GUIDANCE AND NOTES:

1. Surface Ship The limits are taken from Def Stan 00-35, and are based on a maximum of 8mbar above ambient due to ships citadel. 2. Submarines Higher levels of overpressure may be experienced during weapon launch evolutions. Submarine specific levels should be sourced from the submarine class design authority.


29

TABLE 10 SALT EFFECTS


1. Munitions and upper deck stowages are to be designed to withstand the development of corrosion due to exposure to a salt-laden atmosphere. In addition, exposed munitions and associated equipment is to withstand without damage or degradation of performance occasional wettings or sprays of salt water.

2. Platforms are to provide an environment that does not exceed the figures shown in the Approved Code of Practice.

ACOP:


The maximum rate of Sodium Chloride deposited at sea is approximately 1g/m²/day. Test – Def Stan 00-35 Part 3 Chap 4-02 Test CN2

GUIDANCE AND NOTES:

Salt in the form of Sodium Chloride is present in sea spray, sea mist etc. Salt water can be taken as having 3.5% salinity.

1. Salt corrosion is applicable to munitions that will be exposed for a significant period (> 30 min) before firing, or will be held in upper deck weapon parks or dumps. Upper deck lockers are to provide a watertight enclosure to prevent munitions being exposed to salt mist.

2. The test is applicable for weapon launch canisters and exposed parts of vertical launch systems.


30

TABLE 11 MOULD EFFECTS


1. Munitions are to remain safe and serviceable in conditions likely to promote mould growth and are to be designed to withstand without damage or degradation of performance exposure to a mould growth environment for a period of 28 days.

2. Platforms are to provide an environment that does not promote mould growth.

ACOP:


Test Procedure – Def Stan 00-35 Part 3 Chap 4-01 Test CN1

GUIDANCE AND NOTES:

1. Mould growth generally occurs in an environment where the relative humidity exceeds 65% and the temperature remains within the range 0°C to 50°C. The most rapid mould growth develops when the relative humidity is above 95%, the temperature is between 20°C and 35°C and the atmosphere is stagnant.

2. Stores to be carried as EMF should generally undertake mould growth test as part of land based clearance. Munitions that are unboxed and stowed in magazine lockers on the upper deck are likely to require testing.

3. Provision of ventilation in magazines and holds i.a.w. Part 1 of this Standard generally prevents mould from occurring on exposed munitions. Desiccant control of boxed munitions should prevent internal mould growth. Use of components and finishes as specified in Def Stan 08-107 is likely to prevent mould growth.

TABLE 12 ACIDIC CONTAMINATION


1. Munitions are to remain safe and serviceable in conditions where they may be subject to atmospheric pollution by battery electrolytes, volatile fluids, missile efflux etc which could result in damage or degradation of performance.

2. Platforms are to provide an environment that minimises the likelihood of such environments.

ACOP:


Def Stan 00-35 Part 3 Chap 4-03 Test CN3

GUIDANCE AND NOTES:

1. This requirement can normally be met by the correct choice of materials, components and finishes specified in Def Stan 08-107 and Def Stan 21-5.


31

TABLE 13 FLUID CONTAMINATION


1. Munitions are to remain safe and serviceable in conditions where they may be subject to contamination by fluids that could result in damage or degradation of performance.

2. Platforms are to provide an environment that minimises the likelihood of such environments.

ACOP:


Def Stan 00-35 Part 3 Chap 4-04 Test CN4

GUIDANCE AND NOTES:

1. Def Stan 00-35 Part 6 Chap 9 provides guidance on typical fluid contaminants. A threat hazard and risk assessment should be undertaken to determine the fluid contaminant and severity level to be applied. The fluid contaminants assessed and the severity level are to be indicated on the Naval Environment Assessment Statement.


32

TABLE 14 VERTICAL DROP


1. Munitions are required not to react energetically and are to remain safe for disposal when dropped from height as defined in the ACOP.

2. Platforms are to provide an environment for munition handling that does not exceed those defined in the ACOP.

ACOP:


Munitions dropped onto a rigid flat surface are required not to react energetically and to remain safe for disposal.

Severity datum – 12 m.

Rigid Flat Surface – STANAG 4375.

Actual drop height may be affected by the ability of individual platforms to undertake contoured lifting. Munition Duty Holders should liaise with Platform Duty Holders to agree actual drop height requirements. The tested height is to be noted in the Naval Environment Assessment Statement.

GUIDANCE AND NOTES:

Munitions to be embarked/ disembarked in/from larger warships, RFAs and large cargo vessels (STUFT) may have to be lifted to more significant heights from the jetty or lighter to the receiving point than the minimum 12m. The height of lift will depend not only on the height of the deck concerned above water line, but also on the depth of the bottom of the hold of the lighter below the waterline, or the height of the jetty above the waterline. It must also take into account the height of any obstruction to be cleared en route such as fixed guardrails.

The 12m minimum standard includes a factor of safety for the lifting device, usually taken to be 1/3 of the lifting height. This may be modified by detailed consideration of the requirements of the Crane Specifications [JSP 467, BR3027, Def Stan 02-113 Parts 1, 2, 4, and 8 (Draft Standard)]. Thus the standard corresponds to a height of deck above the waterline of 9 m.

Where the platform under consideration is a larger warship or RFA then it may be necessary to specify a higher drop height.

Warship and RFA design should aim to place the receiving point for munitions at a height of 9 m or less above the waterline so far as practicable, and to eliminate spigots and sharp edges.


33

TABLE 15 VIBRATION


1. Munitions are to remain safe and serviceable during and following continuous exposure to vibration levels normally experienced in naval platforms defined in the ACOP.


ACOP:


The following test procedure is approved to assess response to vibration levels representative of those found on naval platforms:

Test: Def Stan 00-35 Part 3 Section 2 Chap 2-01 Test M1 Annex A

Severity Levels: See below:

a) Surface ships minesweeper size and above: Def Stan 00-35 Part 3 Section 2 Chap 2-01 Test M1 Annex A Fig 28.

b) Surface ships/vessels smaller than minesweeper size: Def Stan 00-35 Part 3 Section 2 Chap 2-01 Test M1 Annex A Fig 29.

c) Submarines: Def Stan 00-35 Part 3 Section 2 Chap 2-01 Test M1 Annex A Fig 30.

GUIDANCE AND NOTES:

1. Def Stan 00-35 Part 3 Section 2 Chap 2-01 Test M1 contains detailed guidance on the vibration environment experienced in surface ships and submarines. These chapters should be consulted prior to assessing the vibration response of the munition in question. The vibration levels referenced above are to be taken as an indicative, generic level.


34

TABLE 16 UNDERWATER SHOCK


1. Munitions are to remain:

a) Safe and serviceable following shock from a non-contact underwater explosion to the levels defined in the ACOP.

b) Safe for disposal following shock from a non-contact underwater explosion to the levels defined in the ACOP.


ACOP:


Def Stan 00-35 Part 3 Chapter 2-07 Test M7 – Shock Test for Warship Equipment and Armament Stores.

Particular shock levels are to be obtained from DGWeapons-DOSGST4 and DE&S-S&E-Sea-SR using the guidance contained in CB5012 and BR 8470. The shock level that has been assessed is to be recorded in the Naval Environment Assessment Statement.

GUIDANCE AND NOTES:

1. Underwater shock in this table is the effect of a non-contact underwater explosion on a munition in a ship. The threat hazard and risk assessment shall determine the worst case for shock. This is generally the deepest stowage position in a warship or RFA. Detailed information is given in BR 8470 on the calculation of the shock imparted to the equipment and in CB 5012 on the level of shock expected for a given position in a given ship class. In case of doubt the appropriate Warship IPT should be able to provide the shock Grade level or value for a given magazine position.

2. In the case of embarked forces munitions the shock level likely to be experienced in an LPH type ship should be used as the default values:

a) Safe and Serviceable - 31g (Flight Deck)

b) Safe for Disposal level - 70 g (8G magazine) or 180 g (9G magazine)

3. Vulnerability to underwater shock may be mitigated by shock mounting for the munition within its packaging or shock mounting of the packaging and/or the Unit Load relative to the ship. Guidance is given on techniques for this purpose in BR 8471, 8472 and 8473.

4. Where a munition is provided with shock mounting then the shock test shall be performed with the munition mounted as specified in the installation specification using its shock mount(s).

5. Whilst guidance on shock levels is contained in CB 5012 and BR 8470, the advice of DGWeapons-DOSGST4 and DE&S-S&E-Sea-SR is to be sought in all cases when specifying an appropriate level in the Requirement Document.


35

TABLE 17 RADIO FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION (RF)


1. Munitions are to remain safe and serviceable when exposed to the Naval RF Environment defined in the ACOP.


ACOP:


Munitions are to be assessed against the Naval RF Environment, detailed in STANAG’s 1307 and 4234, Def Stan 08-46, BR2924 and CB 4986.

Test:

EMC Test Def Stan 07-85 Part 1 Para 10.4 and Def Stan 08-124.

GUIDANCE AND NOTES:

1. Appropriate RF environment levels are given in STANAG’s 1307 and 4234. Def Stan 08-124 is the UK document that implements these STANAG’s. Where equipment is fitted that is not covered in these STANAG’s, then reference must be made to Def Stan 08-46 and CB 4986 for appropriate levels for that equipment. An assessment is required of the RF environment for all munitions in the upper deck condition. Guidance on such assessments is given in BR 2924 and CB 4986.

2. Note that US Hazardous Effects of Radiation on Ordnance (HERO) tests are not normally

considered adequate for munitions carried in RN Warships and the AOR class of RFAs. These tests do not simulate the characteristics of RN E/F Band Radars (e.g. Type 996) or K Band Radars (Type 911 Sea Wolf or the Goalkeeper Radar). Also the HERO tests are only conducted at spot frequencies.

3. Where the container is a steel container affording an effective RF sealed box from the upper

deck RF environment there is no requirement for RF testing. Wooden CHACONs and well used ISO containers however do not provide an effective Faraday cage and so any munitions to be stowed in these conditions will need to be tested or assessed before embarkation.

4. It is assumed that all E3 munitions will be on the Upper Deck of a Warship or RFA in a weapon

dump/park at some stage of the MTDS. The default requirement for all EMF munitions is that they are to be tested against the full Naval RF environment.


36

TABLE 18 ELECTROMAGNETIC ENVIRONMENT (EM)


1. Munitions are to remain safe and serviceable when exposed to the naval magnetic environment (degaussing coil fields and deperming) defined in the ACOP.


ACOP:


Degaussing coil fields - Max Field Strength 1600 A/m} See Note 1. Rate of change 1600 A/m/s } (Ref: Def Stan 08-123 Data Sheet 38/ Def Stan 08-46 Table 7). Deperming (submarine only):

Normal level Max Field Strength 3200 A/m } See Note 1 Rate of Change 1600 A/m/s } Level for Safety Critical Max Field Strength 4800 A/m } See Note 1. Systems Rate of change 1600 A/m/s. } (Ref: Def Stan 08-123 Data Sheet 38/ Def Stan 08-46 Table 7)

GUIDANCE AND NOTES:

1. Levels cited above, have been declared to be potentially prejudicial to the safety of weapons in Submarine WSCs. SUB IPT has action in hand to establish levels and should be contacted for details.

2. An assessment shall be made to determine how close the munition stowage position is to the nearest degaussing coil. Unless the assessment shows that a degaussing coil is close (i.e. within 3 m) the magnetic field is unlikely to be a concern.

3. Munitions that could be unsafe or where reliability may be adversely affected by exposure to either the maximum field strengths and/or rates of change likely to be experienced during deperming are to be disembarked prior to deperming and re-embarked on completion in accordance with JSP862.


37

TABLE 19 ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE (ESD)


1. Munitions are to remain safe and serviceable when exposed to the ESD Environment defined in the ACOP.


ACOP:

Test Procedure And Severity Datum:

Munitions are to be assessed against the ESD parameters detailed in STANAG 4235 and Def Stan 59-411 Part 2.

Test Arrangements:

Def Stan 59-411 Part 3 Section 9.13.

GUIDANCE AND NOTES:

Appropriate ESD environment levels are given in STANAG 4235. Def Stan 08-124 is the UK document that implements this STANAG.


38

TABLE 20 SLOW HEATING/SLOW COOK-OFF


1. Munition response to Slow Heating/Slow Cook-Off is not to exceed that defined in the ACOP. 2. Platforms are to provide measures to reduce the possible effects of slow heating/slow cook-off to

minimum levels.

ACOP:


Response to be Type V or less iaw STANAG 4382, but see Guidance and Notes 2.

GUIDANCE AND NOTES:

1. A threat hazard and risk assessment shall be conducted to determine the likelihood of this threat. In holds, magazines and magazine lockers provided with fire detection and spray systems in accordance with Part 1 of this Standard, this is not considered a credible threat in peacetime.

2. Evidence from the STANAG 4382 test, when compared with the STANAG 4240 test, may be used in assessment of the likely reaction of a munition to heating stimulus at other heating rates. However, it is not considered safe to assume that no higher response can occur than the responses at the extreme rates of heating. A higher order response can occur following slow heating rates, as the explosive filling of the munition may have been heated through to a greater depth, potentially sensitising the explosive composition.


39

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40

14. NAVAL ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT STATEMENT (NEAS)


1. The OME DH disclosure of how their OME responds to the environments in Sections 12 and 13 is to be set out in the OME column of the NEAS form.

2. PDH are to describe the actual platform environment in the Platform column of the NEAS form and then assess the integration of the OME to the platform environment in the Integration Compliance column.

3. The NEAS form should be included as an Enclosure to OME safety case reports and to Ship Explosives Safety Case Reports as appropriate.

4. The NEAS has been revised, reformatted and simplified to reduce the effort required by IPT users to insert OME data and to undertake subsequent integration assessments. It mirrors the style of the new Web-Based electronic version that is described fully at Section 15, hard copy NEAS should only be used where it is not possible to access the OMEIAS web tool.

ACOP: Recommended Procedure For Completion of NEAS

1. Text in { } provides guidance and suggestions for content required to be inserted. 2. The result of the assessment should be indicated by , , N/A (Not Applicable) or DNA (Data Not Available), in the OME, Platform or Integration Compliance columns, supported by discussion/remarks in the final column. 3. Each assessment or remark should be identified to the source reference listed in the References on the cover sheet using square brackets e.g. [2]. 4. The cover sheet of the NEAS should be completed and should detail all variants of the OME and all platform locations that are included in the assessment. 5. The issue and amendment record should be used to indicate principal changes.

GUIDANCE AND NOTES: 1. Where trials are outstanding or evidence is not available, DNA is a suitable notation. Ideally the action and timescale for production of the information should be stated or referenced. 2. If the environment is not applicable to the OME or platform, N/A is a suitable notation. This may include a remark that explains the reason for non-applicability. Examples are: a) Percussion initiated ammunition that contains no electrical or electronic components will not be affected by magnetic or rf environments. b) Munitions not designed or intended to be exposed to the Upper Deck environment need not have an assessed performance in an icing environment. 3. Colour shading (e.g. Orange and pale red shades) may be used to emphasise non-compliance. Care should be taken to ensure the chosen shade does not obscure information when monochrome printed. 4. Units used should be consistent throughout and based on metric units. Where data has been derived from US results, the imperial units may be given in brackets after the metric units to indicate the original values. 5. An example format follows:


41

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l pe

rform

ance

} {P

DH

– a

dequ

acy

of

plat

form

env

ironm

ent

and

inte

grat

ion

asse

ssm

ent}

FR

AG

MEN

T IM

PAC

T/A

TTA

CK

R

eq’t

{MU

NIT

ION

TIT

LE} –

{PLA

TFO

RM

NA

ME}

RES

ULT

S

O

ME

PLA

TFO

RM

IN

TEG

RA

TIO

N

CO

MPL

IAN

CE

Dis

cuss

ion/

Rem

arks

Rea

ctio

n to

be

Type

V o

r les

s.

{OM

ED

H -

Sta

te

deta

ils o

f act

ual

reac

tion

resu

lts}

{PD

H -

adeq

uacy

of

plat

form

env

ironm

ent

and

inte

grat

ion

asse

ssm

ent}

44


SYM

PATH

ETIC

REA

CTI

ON

R

eq’t

{MU

NIT

ION

TIT

LE} –

{PLA

TFO

RM

NA

ME}

RES

ULT

S

O

ME

PLA

TFO

RM

IN

TEG

RA

TIO

N

CO

MPL

IAN

CE

Dis

cuss

ion/

Rem

arks

Rea

ctio

n to

be

one

orde

r le

ss th

an

dono

r and

no

grea

ter t

han

Type

III

{OM

ED

P -

Sta

te

deta

ils o

f act

ual

reac

tion

resu

lts}

{PD

H -

adeq

uacy

of

plat

form

env

ironm

ent

and

inte

grat

ion

asse

ssm

ent}

FU

EL F

IRE

(FA

ST H

EATI

NG

) R

eq’t

{MU

NIT

ION

TIT

LE} –

{PLA

TFO

RM

NA

ME}

RES

ULT

S

O

ME

PLA

TFO

RM

IN

TEG

RA

TIO

N

CO

MPL

IAN

CE

Dis

cuss

ion/

Rem

arks

Rea

ctio

n to

be

Type

V o

r les

s {O

ME

DH

- S

tate

de

tails

of a

ctua

l re

actio

n re

sults

.} {P

DH

- ad

equa

cy o

f pl

atfo

rm e

nviro

nmen

t an

d in

tegr

atio

n as

sess

men

t}


45

STIM

ULI

UN

LIK

ELY

TO IM

PAC

T EX

PLO

SIVE

S SA

FETY

TEM

PER

ATU

RE

& H

UM

IDIT

Y R

eq't

(°C

), R

H (%

) {M

UN

ITIO

N T

ITLE

} – {P

LATF

OR

M N

AM

E} R

ESU

LTS

Mun

ition

s ar

e re

quire

d to

ope

rate

in

the

follo

win

g co

nditi

ons,

or

be

pr

ovid

ed w

ith p

rote

ctio

n:

OM

E PL

ATF

OR

M

INTE

GR

ATI

ON

C

OM

PLIA

NC

E D

iscu

ssio

n/re

mar

ks

OM

E M

inim

um a

nd M

axim

um

-34

to +

69

100

to 8

P

rovi

de c

omm

ent o

n pe

rform

ance

rela

tive

to th

e m

axim

um a

nd m

inim

um le

vels

to

geth

er w

ith d

iscu

ssio

n on

inte

grat

ion.

N

ote:

Th

is fo

rmat

sho

uld

be f

ollo

wed

for

al

l sub

sequ

ent E

nviro

nmen

t Top

ics

Mag

azin

e/W

SC

Con

ditio

ns

+15

to +

32

70 to

30

WA

TER

EFF

ECTS

R

eq't

{MU

NIT

ION

TIT

LE} –

{PLA

TFO

RM

NA

ME}

RES

ULT

S

Mun

ition

s ar

e re

quire

d to

ope

rate

in

the

follo

win

g co

nditi

ons,

or

be

pr

ovid

ed w

ith p

rote

ctio

n:

O

ME

PLA

TFO

RM

IN

TEG

RA

TIO

N

CO

MPL

IAN

CE

Dis

cuss

ion/

rem

arks

Spr

ay

280

l/m2 /h

r for

15

min

s

Im

mer

sion

de

pth

150m

m

Gre

en S

eas

Load

ing

(Upp

er d

eck

expo

sed

OM

E o

nly)

70

kPa

for

350m

s,

trans

ient

14

0kP

a fo

r 15

ms

46


ICE

AC

CU

MU

LATI

ON

R

eq't

{MU

NIT

ION

TIT

LE} –

{PLA

TFO

RM

NA

ME}

RES

ULT

S

Mun

ition

s ar

e re

quire

d to

ope

rate

in

the

follo

win

g co

nditi

ons,

or

be

pr

ovid

ed w

ith p

rote

ctio

n:

O

ME

PLA

TFO

RM

IN

TEG

RA

TIO

N

CO

MPL

IAN

CE

Dis

cuss

ion/

rem

arks

Exp

osed

mun

ition

s 24

mm

/hou

r ac

cum

ulat

ion/

m

ax

load

120

kg/m

2

EX

TREM

E TE

MPE

RA

TUR

E C

HA

NG

E R

eq't

{MU

NIT

ION

TIT

LE} –

{PLA

TFO

RM

NA

ME}

RES

ULT

S

Mun

ition

s ar

e re

quire

d to

be

able

to

oper

ate

in t

he f

ollo

win

g co

nditi

ons,

or

be

prov

ided

with

pro

tect

ion:

O

ME

PLA

TFO

RM

IN

TEG

RA

TIO

N

CO

MPL

IAN

CE

Dis

cuss

ion/

rem

arks

Tran

sit

to/fr

om m

agaz

ine

min

imum

co

nditi

on

(+15

ºC)

to

max

imum

am

bien

t. (+

55ºC

)

40º

C

with

in

3 m

inut

es.

ATM

OSP

HER

IC P

RES

SUR

E VA

RIA

TIO

N

Req

't {M

UN

ITIO

N T

ITLE

} – {P

LATF

OR

M N

AM

E} R

ESU

LTS

Mun

ition

s ar

e re

quire

d to

ope

rate

in

the

follo

win

g co

nditi

ons,

or

be

pr

ovid

ed w

ith p

rote

ctio

n:

O

ME

PLA

TFO

RM

IN

TEG

RA

TIO

N

CO

MPL

IAN

CE

Dis

cuss

ion/

rem

arks

Inte

rnal

to v

esse

l 11

40 m

bar

Ext

erna

l to

vess

el

1060

mba

r

In

tern

al to

Sub

mar

ine

Max

130

0 m

Bar

Min

872

mB

ar.


47

SA

LT E

FFEC

TS

Req

't {M

UN

ITIO

N T

ITLE

} – {P

LATF

OR

M N

AM

E} R

ESU

LTS

Mun

ition

s ar

e re

quire

d to

ope

rate

in

the

follo

win

g co

nditi

ons,

or

be

pr

ovid

ed w

ith p

rote

ctio

n:

O

ME

PLA

TFO

RM

IN

TEG

RA

TIO

N

CO

MPL

IAN

CE

Dis

cuss

ion/

Rem

arks

Max

imum

de

posi

tion

rate

is

1g

/m2 /d

ay

OM

E t

o be

car

ried

at

sea

is t

o be

res

ista

nt

to e

xpos

ure

to s

alt.

MO

ULD

EFF

ECTS

R

eq't

{MU

NIT

ION

TIT

LE} –

{PLA

TFO

RM

NA

ME}

RES

ULT

S M

uniti

ons

are

requ

ired

to r

emai

n sa

fe

and

serv

icea

ble

in

the

follo

win

g co

nditi

ons,

or

be p

rovi

ded

with

pro

tect

ion:

O

ME

PLA

TFO

RM

IN

TEG

RA

TIO

N

CO

MPL

IAN

CE

Dis

cuss

ion/

Rem

arks

Exp

osur

e to

an

envi

ronm

ent

likel

y to

pro

mot

e m

ould

gro

wth

. (D

ef S

tan

00-3

5 P

t 3 C

h4-0

1 Te

st C

N1)

Mun

ition

is

to r

emai

n sa

fe

and

serv

icea

ble

afte

r 28

da

ys

expo

sure

.

AC

IDIC

CO

NTA

MIN

ATI

ON

R

eq't

{MU

NIT

ION

TIT

LE} –

{PLA

TFO

RM

NA

ME}

RES

ULT

S M

uniti

ons

are

requ

ired

to r

emai

n sa

fe

and

serv

icea

ble

in

the

follo

win

g co

nditi

ons,

or

be p

rovi

ded

with

pro

tect

ion:

O

ME

PLA

TFO

RM

IN

TEG

RA

TIO

N

CO

MPL

IAN

CE

Dis

cuss

ion/

Rem

arks

Follo

win

g ex

posu

re

to

an

acid

la

den

envi

ronm

ent,

iaw

Def

Sta

n 00

35

Par

t 3 C

hap

4-03

Tes

t CN

3.

To

be a

ble

to re

sist

or

be p

rote

cted

from

flui

d co

ntam

inat

ion.

48


FLU

ID C

ON

TAM

INA

TIO

N

Req

't {M

UN

ITIO

N T

ITLE

} – {P

LATF

OR

M N

AM

E} R

ESU

LTS

OM

E PL

ATF

OR

M

INTE

GR

ATI

ON

C

OM

PLIA

NC

E D

iscu

ssio

n/ R

emar

ks

The

pote

ntia

l th

reat

fro

m

fluid

co

ntam

inat

ion

is

to

be

asse

ssed

bo

th f

rom

the

per

spec

tive

of e

ach

mun

ition

and

the

ship

.

To b

e ab

le to

resi

st o

r be

pro

tect

ed fr

om fl

uid

cont

amin

atio

n.


VER

TIC

AL

DR

OP

Req

't {M

UN

ITIO

N T

ITLE

} – {P

LATF

OR

M N

AM

E} R

ESU

LTS

Mun

ition

pe

rform

ance

w

hen

drop

ped

is to

be

decl

ared

:

OM

E PL

ATF

OR

M

INTE

GR

ATI

ON

C

OM

PLIA

NC

E D

iscu

ssio

n/ R

emar

ks

At

the

12m

sta

ndar

d dr

op h

eigh

t on

to:

1 –

rigid

flat

sur

face

.

Pro

vide

de

tails

of

re

actio

n.

Any

ag

reed

hi

gher

dr

op

heig

ht

onto

: 1

– rig

id fl

at s

urfa

ce.

Pro

vide

de

tails

of

ac

tual

he

ight

an

d re

actio

n.

49

VIB

RA

TIO

N

Req

't {M

UN

ITIO

N T

ITLE

} – {P

LATF

OR

M N

AM

E} R

ESU

LTS

Exp

ecte

d pl

atfo

rm

cond

ition

s ar

e de

fined

in

Def

Sta

n 00

-35

Par

t 3

Sec

tion

2 C

hap

2-01

Tes

t M1:

O

ME

PLA

TFO

RM

IN

TEG

RA

TIO

N

CO

MPL

IAN

CE

Dis

cuss

ion/

Rem

arks

Min

esw

eepe

r si

ze

and

abov

e :

Ann

ex A

Fig

28

Act

ual

deta

ils

to

be

prov

ided

.

Sm

alle

r th

an

a M

ines

wee

per

: A

nnex

A F

ig 2

9 A

ctua

l de

tails

to

be

pr

ovid

ed.

Sub

mar

ine

: Ann

ex A

Fig

30

Act

ual

deta

ils

to

be

prov

ided

.

U

ND

ERW

ATE

R S

HO

CK

R

eq't

{MU

NIT

ION

TIT

LE} –

{PLA

TFO

RM

NA

ME}

RES

ULT

S M

uniti

ons

to b

e as

sess

ed a

t no

n-co

ntac

t un

derw

ater

sh

ock

leve

ls

obta

ined

fro

m

DG

Wea

pons

-D

OS

GS

T4/ D

E&

S-S

&E

-Sea

-SR

. P

latfo

rm s

hock

per

form

ance

lev

els

to b

e ag

reed

with

DE

SS

ES

ea-S

R/

DG

Wea

pons

-DO

SG

ST4

/

O

ME

PLA

TFO

RM

IN

TEG

RA

TIO

N

CO

MPL

IAN

CE

Dis

cuss

ion/

Rem

arks

Pro

vide

det

ails

of a

sses

smen

t.

Con

ditio

n fo

llow

ing

shoc

k?

Pro

vide

det

ails

of a

sses

smen

t.

C

ondi

tion

follo

win

g sh

ock?

R

F R

eq't

{MU

NIT

ION

TIT

LE} –

{PLA

TFO

RM

NA

ME}

RES

ULT

S M

uniti

ons

are

requ

ired

to o

pera

te in

th

e N

aval

Env

ironm

ent

defin

ed i

n S

TAN

AG

’s

1307

an

d 42

34,

Def

S

tan

08-4

6, B

R29

24 a

nd C

B49

86.

Or b

e pr

ovid

ed w

ith p

rote

ctio

n:

O

ME

PLA

TFO

RM

IN

TEG

RA

TIO

N

CO

MPL

IAN

CE

Dis

cuss

ion/

Rem

arks

P

rovi

de a

ctua

l de

tails

of

per

form

ance

.

50


EM

Req

't {M

UN

ITIO

N T

ITLE

} – {P

LATF

OR

M N

AM

E} R

ESU

LTS

Mun

ition

s ar

e re

quire

d to

ope

rate

in

the

follo

win

g co

nditi

ons,

or

be

pr

ovid

ed w

ith p

rote

ctio

n:

O

ME

PLA

TFO

RM

IN

TEG

RA

TIO

N

CO

MPL

IAN

CE

Dis

cuss

ion/

Rem

arks

Deg

auss

ing

coil

field

s (D

efS

tan

08-

123/

Def

Sta

n 08

-46

Tabl

e 7)

S

urfa

ce a

nd S

ubm

arin

e.

Sta

tic 8

00 A

/m

Rat

e of

cha

nge

1600

A/

m/s

.

Dep

erm

ing

(Def

Sta

n 08

-123

/ D

ef

Sta

n 08

-46

Tabl

e 7)

.

S

ubm

arin

e on

ly:

Nor

mal

leve

l S

afet

y C

ritic

al S

yste

ms

Sta

tic 3

200

A/m

R

ate

of c

hang

e 16

00

A/m

/s.

Sta

tic 4

800

A/m

R

ate

of c

hang

e 16

00

A/m

/s.

ES

D

Req

't {M

UN

ITIO

N T

ITLE

} – {P

LATF

OR

M N

AM

E} R

ESU

LTS

Mun

ition

s ar

e re

quire

d to

ope

rate

in

the

ES

D

envi

ronm

ent

defin

ed

in

STA

NA

G 4

235

and

Def

Sta

n 59

-41

1.

O

r be

pr

ovid

ed

with

pr

otec

tion:

O

ME

PLA

TFO

RM

IN

TEG

RA

TIO

N

CO

MPL

IAN

CE

Dis

cuss

ion/

Rem

arks

P

rovi

de a

ctua

l de

tails

of

per

form

ance

.


51

SLO

W H

EATI

NG

/SLO

W C

OO

K-

OFF

R

eq't

{MU

NIT

ION

TIT

LE} –

{PLA

TFO

RM

NA

ME}

RES

ULT

S

OM

E PL

ATF

OR

M

INTE

GR

ATI

ON

C

OM

PLIA

NC

E D

iscu

ssio

n/ R

emar

ks

Rea

ctio

n to

be

Type

V o

r les

s.

Sta

te d

etai

ls o

f ac

tual

re

actio

n re

sults

.

52



53

15. OME INTEGRATION ASSESSMENT SYSTEM (OMEIAS)(In Development)


1. The OME DH is to enter details of how the OME responds to the criteria that is detailed in the

OMEIAS secure Web-Based tool (In development; refer to NAExp for the latest status of this tool). 2. The PDH is to develop the OME data provided by the OME DH, creating platform location specific

integration assessment reports that show how successful integration is, inserting details of mitigation actions in the comments column.

ACOP:

1. Inherent OME safety data should be inserted in the appropriate location on the OMEIAS tool. 2. The OMEIAS has been pre-populated with legacy data that has been extracted from NAExp sources that requires review and update by OMEDH sponsors. The state of ownership of the OMEIAS data can be ascertained from the access log at the foot of the page. 3. The PDH should subsequently insert details of platform compliance with the platform environments and subsequently perform integration into ships. GUIDANCE AND NOTES:

1. Users should contact DESSESea-NAExp3 to arrange access to the OMEIAS secure Web-Based tool; contact [email protected] or telephone 01179 135556 (GPTN 935235556).

2. Help feature should be utilised to understand operation of the OMEIAS.

3. Where trials are outstanding or evidence is not available a comment should be inserted with a reasoned argument at the remarks column. Ideally the action and timescale for production of the information should be stated or referenced.

4. If the environment is not applicable to the OME or platform N/A is a suitable notation in the remarks column. This may include a remark that explains the reason for non-applicability. Examples are: a. Percussion initiated ammunition that contains no electrical or electronic components will not be affected by magnetic or rf environments. b. Munitions not designed or intended to be exposed to the Upper Deck environment need not have an assessed performance in an icing environment.

4. Units used should be consistent throughout and based on metric units. Where data has been derived from US results, the imperial units may be given in brackets after the metric units to indicate the original values.


54

16. PROPELLANT BLAST CHARACTERISTICS

PROPELLANT BLAST CHARACTERISTICS

PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENT

1. Propellant blast characteristics are to be provided for each munition to support the development and assessment of platform magazine overpressure blast arrangements.

2. Platforms are to utilise propellant characteristics data in the Vent Blast Route Design Criteria model.

ACOP


The DSS Vent model software has been accepted as a valid representation of propellant blast characteristics, a copy of the model is available from NAEXP4. Other propellant vent models may be utilised providing they receive accreditation from SSG NAEXP4.

GUIDANCE AND NOTES:

1. The DSS Vent software requires specific data relating to the munition burn properties. Ideally data should be available for the following parameters:

• Mass of Explosive; • Burn Time; • Exhaust Gas Temperature (typically ≈3300 K); • Exhaust Gas Cp (typically ≈1550 J/kgK); • Exhaust Gas Cv (typically ≈1240 J/kgK); • Exhaust Gas R (typically ≈310 J/kgK); • % Time to release at full rate (typically ≈2 %); • % Time where release rate decreases (typically ≈90 %). • Maximum Thrust NOTE Note: Details of the first two criteria (mass & burn time) in the above list are crucial to predicting the munitions contribution to the magazine pressure, as is the third (gas temperature) but to a lesser extent. The remaining five in the list, whilst important, may be estimated from typical munition exhaust gas data if specific data is unavailable, see below. This is because the exhaust gas properties are sufficiently close to an average value so as to render an estimate acceptable. Typical values are shown in brackets above.

Name Mass

kg

Burn s

Temp. K

Cp J/kgK

Cv J/kgK

R J/kgK

Rise Time

%

Fall Time

% LAW 80 0.48 2.47 3300 1550 1240 310 2 90 Milan Boost and Sustain

0.83 12 3313 1550 1240 330 2 90

ITOW/FITOW Launch Flight

0.54 2.57

0.05 1.5

3300 1550 1240 310 2 90

Seagnat Mk214 Mk216 DLH

0.058 1.769 1.81

3

20 0.9

3300 1550 1240 310

2 2

3.9

90

2. This assessment is not required for munitions that will generate a Quasi-Static Pressure in their designated stowage position of less than 0.2 bar (20.4 kN/m2) (3psi). Examples of munitions that are unlikely to require assessment include all HD 1.4 (C/D/E/F and G) munitions and gun ammunition below 57mm. Further details are available in (NAN) EXP/03.

D

EFST

AN

00-

101

Part

4 Is

sue

2

55

Not

e th

at P

rope

llant

Bla

st C

hara

cter

istic

s ge

nera

lly a

pplie

s to

mun

ition

s th

at c

onta

in p

rope

llant

that

cou

ld, i

n th

e ev

ent o

f ini

tiatio

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56

17. ANNEX A RELATED DOCUMENTS

The publications shown below are referred to in the text of this standard.

Publications are grouped and listed in alphanumeric order.

Ref No

Reference Title

1 STANAG 1307

Maximum NATO Naval Operational Electromagnetic Environment produced by Radio and Radar

2 STANAG 2895

Extreme Climatic and Derived Conditions for use in Defining Design/Test Criteria for NATO Forces’ Materiel

3 STANAG 4224

Large Calibre Artillery and Naval Gun Ammunition greater than 40 mm, Safety and Suitability for Service Evaluation

4 STANAG 4234

Electromagnetic Radiation (Radio Frequency) 200kHz to 40GHz Environment Affecting the Design of Materiel for use by NATO Forces

5 STANAG 4240

Liquid Fuel Fire Tests for Munitions

6 STANAG 4241

Bullet Attack Tests for Munitions

7 STANAG 4236

Lightning Environmental Conditions Affecting the Design of Material for Use by NATO Forces

8 STANAG 4375

Safety Drop Tests for Munitions

9 STANAG 4382

Slow Heating Tests for Munitions

10 STANAG 4396

Sympathetic Reaction, Munition Test Procedures

11 STANAG 4439

Policy for Introduction, Assessment and Testing for Insensitive Munitions (MURAT)

12 STANAG 4516

Cannon (Greater than 12.7 mm), Design Safety Requirements and Safety and Suitability for Service Evaluation of the Weapon/Munition Combination.

13 STANAG 4496

Fragment Impact, Munitions Test Procedure

14 AOP-15 Guidance on the assessment of the Safety and Suitability for Service of Non-Nuclear Munitions for NATO Armed Forces

15 AOP-39 Guidance on the Development, Assessment and Testing of Insensitive Munitions (MURAT)

16 JSP 430 Ship Safety Management System Handbook 17 JSP 467 Power Driven Lifting Appliances Used for Handling Conventional

and Nuclear Armaments 18 JSP 520 Ordnance Munitions and Explosives Safety Management System

19 Def Stan 00-35 Environmental Handbook for Defence Materiel


57

Ref No

Reference Title

20 Def Stan 00-54 Requirements for Safety Related Electronic Hardware in Defence Equipment – Issue 1 – 19 Mar 1999 Parts 1 & 2

21 Def Stan 00-55 Requirements for Safety Related Software in Defence Equipment – Issue 2 – 01 Aug 1997 Parts 1 & 2

22 Def Stan 00-56 Safety Management Requirements for Defence Systems – Issue 2 – 13 Dec 1996 Parts 1 & 2

23 Def Stan 02-113/NES 113

Requirements for Mechanical Handling

24 Def Stan 07-85 Design Requirements for Weapons and Associated Systems 25 Def Stan 07-

264 Combat System Interface and Link Documentation

26 Def Stan 08-4/NES 529

Nuclear Weapons Explosions Effects and Hardening

27 Def Stan 08-5 Design Requirements for Weapon Systems (Guided Weapons, Torpedoes and Airborne Armament Stores) - (being superseded)

28 Def Stan 08-46 The Electric, Magnetic and Electromagnetic Environment – Issue 1 - 10 Dec 1999

29 Def Stan 08-101/ NES 183

Requirements for the Construction and Shipfitting Arrangements in Magazine and Submarine Weapon Stowage Compartments

30 Def Stan 08-107/ NES 501

General Requirements for the Design of Electrotechnical and Naval Weapon Equipment

31 Def Stan 08-123/NES 1004

Requirements for the Design and Testing of Equipment to Meet Environmental Conditions

32 Def Stan 08-124/NES 1006

rf Environment and Acceptance Criteria for Naval Stores Containing Electro-Explosive Devices


The Requirement for Assessing Transient Coupled Energy into Stores containing Electro-explosive Devices (EED)


Code of Practice for Protective Finishes


Safety Requirements for the Design of Naval Weapon Equipment

36 Def Stan 59-411

Electromagnetic Compatibility Part 1: Management and Planning. Part 2: The Electric, Magnetic and Electromagnetic

Environment. Part 3: Test Methods and Limits for Equipment and Sub-

Systems. Part 4: Platform and System Test and Trials. Part 5: Code of Practice for Tri-Service Design and Installation.

37 JSP 862 MoD Maritime Explosives Regulations 38 BR 1031 Book of Blast Curves 39 BR 2924 Radio Hazards in the Naval Service 40 BR 3021(1) Shock Manual (Metric) 41 BR 3027 Manual of Safe Use, Examination and Testing of Lifting

Equipment


58

Ref No

Reference Title

42 CB 4986 Confidential Addendum to BR 2924 43 CB 5012 Shock Manual (Metric) [Being superseded by BR 8470] 44 CB 8469 Shock in Ships and Submarines 45 BR 8470 Shock and Vibration Manual 46 BR 8541 Safety Requirements for Armament Stores for Naval Use (Being

superseded by Def Stan 07-85) 47 NAVSEA WS

20400 (UK) UK Trident II (SWS) Technical Objectives and Guidelines Document

48 P101 Ordnance Board Pillar Proceeding P101 49 P102 Ordnance Board Pillar Proceeding P102 50 P105 Cannon of 20 to 40 mm Calibre – Design Safety Principles and

Guidelines for the Testing and Assessment of Safety and Suitability for Service.


59

ANNEX B ABBREVIATIONS

For the purpose of this Standard the following abbreviations apply:

ACOP Approved Code of Practice ALARP As Low As Reasonably Practicable AMS Acquisition Management System AOP Allied Ordnance Publication AOR Auxiliary Oiler Replenishment BR Book of Reference (RN) CS(OME) Certificate of Safety (Ordnance, Munitions & Explosives) DEC Director of Equipment Capability Def Stan Defence Standard DOSG Defence Ordnance Safety Group EED Electro-Explosive Device(s) EMC Electro-Magnetic Compatibility EMF Embarked Military Force GOCO Government Owned Contractor Operated GNE Generic Naval Environment IM Insensitive Munition IPT Integrated Project Team JSP Joint Service Publication LPH Landing Platform (Helicopter) MOD Ministry of Defence MTDS Manufacture to Target or Disposal Sequence NAEAC Naval Authority Explosives Advisory Committee NAExp Naval Authority Explosives (Regulator) NAR Naval Authority Regulations NEAS Naval Environment Assessment Statement NES Naval Engineering Standard OME Ordnance, Munitions and Explosives OMEIAS Ordnance, Munitions and Explosives Integration Assessment

System OPEVAL Operational Evaluation PIPT Platform IPT (qv) rf Radio Frequency RADHAZ Radiation Hazard RATTAM Response to ATTack on AMmunition RFA Royal Fleet Auxiliary RH Relative Humidity SESC Ship Explosives Safety Case SEXSSI Ship Explosive Store Safety Instruction SMS Safety Management System SOLAS Safety Of Life At Sea (store)


60

SSB Ship Safety Board STANAG Standardisation Agreement (NATO) SSG Sea Systems Group SSG NAExp Sea Systems Group Naval Authority Explosives (section) STUFT Ship Taken Up From Trade URD User Requirements Document VERTREP Vertical Replenishment WSC Weapon Stowage Compartment (Submarine)


61

ANNEX C DEFINITIONS

For the purpose of this standard the following definitions apply.

The source of the definition is indicated at the end of the definition within square brackets.

Adjacent Compartment

A compartment which has decks, deckheads or bulkheads in common with a Magazine [JSP 862]. An ‘Indirectly’ adjacent compartment has the corners of the decks, deckheads or bulkheads in common with the magazine.

Ammunition See Munitions

Ammunition Route Any route used for the movement of explosive stores [JSP 862]

Assessment A procedure that includes value judgements that have to be made when considering the significance of the situation [D Def H&S].

Electro-Explosive Device (EED)

A one-shot explosive or pyrotechnic device used as the initiating element in an explosive or mechanical train, which is activated by the application of electrical energy [Def Stan 08-124].

Embarkation / Disembarkation

The activity during which ammunition is lifted into/out of a ship. The point of embarkation is established in the Ship’s drawings [JSP 862].

Explosives All weapons, missiles or stores containing substances especially designed to produce an explosive, propulsive, incendiary or pyrotechnic effect [BR 862].

A substance (or mixture of substances) which is capable by chemical reaction of producing gas at such a temperature and pressure as to cause damage to the surroundings. Included are pyrotechnic substances even when they do not evolve gases. The term “explosive” thus includes all solid and liquid materials variously known as high explosives and propellants, together with igniters, primer, initiatory and pyrotechnic (e.g. illuminants, smoke, delay, decoy, flare and incendiary) compositions [AOP 38].

Explosive Ordnance All munitions containing explosives, nuclear fission or fusion materials and biological and chemical agents. This includes bombs and warheads; guided and ballistic missiles; artillery, mortar, rocket and small arms ammunition; all mines, torpedoes and depth charges, demolition charges; pyrotechnics; clusters and dispensers; cartridge and propellant actuated devices; electro-explosive devices; clandestine and improvised explosive devices; and all similar or related items or components explosive in nature [AAP-6].


62

Handling The movement of munitions, either by man-handling or by use of approved appliances, from the point of embarkation/disembarkation along the ammunition routes, within the magazine and from the magazine to the RU Magazine Locker, or weapon launcher [JSP 862].

Insensitive Munitions Munitions which reliably fulfil their performance, readiness and operational requirements on demand but which minimise the probability of inadvertent initiation and severity of subsequent collateral damage to weapon platforms, logistic systems and personnel when subjected to unplanned stimuli [STANAG 4439].

Magazine A compartment within the ship’s structure, which is specifically designed and constructed for the safe, permanent stowage of the main outfit of the designated explosive, stores/munitions [JSP862].

Magazine Locker

A self contained locker, designed for the permanent stowage of the whole or part of the ship’s outfit of the designated explosive store(s) for which built-in magazine facilities have not been provided. It is free standing or recessed into the ship’s structure, but its boundaries are not part of the ship’s structure. It is surrounded by an air gap. A locker does not have an “adjacent compartment” because of this air gap and is of such a shape or size that it does not permit “walk-in” and the contents are handled while standing outside [JSP 862].

Munition / Ammunition

A device charged with explosives, propellants, pyrotechnics, initiating composition, or nuclear, biological or chemical material for use in connection with defence or offence, including demolitions. Certain ammunition can be used for training, ceremonial or non-operational purposes [AAP-6].

A complete device, (e.g. Missile, shell, mine, demolition store etc.) charged with explosives, propellants, pyrotechnics, initiating compositions or nuclear, biological or chemical material, for use in connection with offence, or defence, or training, or non-operational purposes, including those parts of weapon systems containing explosives [AOP 38].

Ordnance A weapon system with its associated munitions and auxiliary material needed to fire the munition [AOP 38].

OME Ordnance, Munitions and Explosives (qv) [JSP 520].

Propellant A substance or mixture capable, by burning at a controlled rate, of producing gases to do work, e.g. propel a missile or gun round or function a mechanical device [JSP 862].

Radio Frequency (rf) Electromagnetic radiation in the frequency range 0.2 MHz to 40


63

Radiation GHz [Def Stan 08-124].

Radio Hazards (RADHAZ)

The inadvertent ignition of electro-explosive devices (EED) resulting from exposure to radio frequency radiation, or coupled transient energy [Def Stan 08-124].

RATTAM The threat from wartime and terrorist presents potential hazards to unprotected munitions. This is known as RATTAM, Response to ATTack on Ammunition and is defined by a threat weapon that will cause an intolerable reaction from susceptible munitions.

Reliability The ability of an item to perform a required function under stated conditions for a specified period of time [AAP – 6].

Note: It is a reliability matter if a store could be rendered unserviceable by the inadvertent initiation or degradation of an explosive component or an electrical/electronic/mechanical component of the munition.

Safety Related A safety related function or system is one in which a failure or a design error could cause a direct hazard to personnel or materiel.

Store All up round

Stowage The actual position in a Magazine/Magazine Locker in which munitions are stowed. This can be in any of the positions defined in JSP 862 or this standard that are authorized to stow ammunition.

Type I response

(Detonation)

The most violent type of explosive event. A supersonic decomposition reaction propagates through the energetic material to produce an intense shock in the surrounding medium (e.g. air or water) and a very rapid plastic deformation of metallic cases followed by extensive fragmentation. All energetic materials will be consumed. The effects will include large ground craters for munitions on or close to the ground, perforation, plastic deformation or fragmentation of adjacent metal plates and blast overpressure damage to nearby structures [AOP-39].

Blast overpressure at 5m greater than 140 kPa.

Hazardous fragments beyond 15 m [BR 8541].


64

Type II response

(Partial Detonation)

The second most violent type of explosive event. Some but not all the energetic material reacts as in a Type I response. An intense shock occurs; a part of the case is broken into small fragments; a ground crater can be produced, the adjacent metal plates can be damaged as in a Type I response and there will be blast overpressure damage to nearby structures. A Type II response can also produce large case fragments as in a violent pressure rupture (brittle fracture). The amount of damage relative to a Type I response, depends on the portion of material that detonates [AOP-39].

Blast overpressure at 5m between 70 and 140 kPa

Hazardous fragments beyond 15 m [BR 8541].

Type III response

(Explosion)

The third most violent type of explosive event. Ignition and rapid burning of the confined energetic material build up high local pressure leading to violent pressure rupture of the confining structure. Metal cases are fragmented (brittle fracture) into large pieces that are often thrown long distances. The un-reacted and/or burning energetic material is also scattered about. Air shocks are produced that can cause damage to nearby structures. Fire and smoke hazards will exist. The blast and high velocity fragments can cause minor ground craters and damage (break-up, tearing, gouging) to adjacent metal plates. Blast pressures are lower than for Type I or Type II responses [AOP –39].

Blast overpressure at 5m between 7 and 70 kPa (depending on size of store). Hazardous fragments may be beyond 15 m [BR 8541].

Type IV response

(Deflagration)

The fourth most violent type of explosive event. Ignition and burning of the confined energetic material lead to non-violent pressure release as a result of low strength case or venting through the case walls (outlet gap, initiation capsule, etc…). The case may rupture but does not fragment; orifice covers may be expelled and un-burnt or burning energetic material may be scattered about and spread the fire. Pressure releases may propel an unsecured test item, causing an additional hazard. No blast effect or significant fragmentation damage to the surroundings, only heat and smoke damage from the burning energetic material [AOP-39].

Blast overpressure at 5 m between 0.7 and 7 kPa (depending on size of store) [BR 8541].


65

Type V response The least violent type of explosive event. The energetic material ignites and burns non-propulsively. The case may split up non-violently; it may melt or weaken sufficiently to allow slow release of combustion gases; the case covers may be dislodged by the internal pressure. Debris stays in the area of the fire although covers may be thrown up to 15 metres. This debris is unlikely to cause fatal wounds to personnel [AOP-39].

Blast overpressure less than 0.7 kPa [BR 8541].

Upper Deck Weapon Park

An area on the flight deck or upper deck designated for pre-positioning of explosive stores prior to loading onto an aircraft or for immediate use.

VERTREP The activity during which ammunition is transferred by helicopter from RFA/warship/land to the receiving RFA/warship/land whilst at sea, at anchor, at a buoy, at an ammunitioning facility or alongside.

Weapon Park An area designated for the pre-positioning of explosive stores prior to loading onto an aircraft, landing craft, vehicle or for immediate use (e.g. by EMF troops).

Weapon System The aggregate of the weapon, the associated launching vehicle or platform launching the munition, the available munition and the ancillary equipment necessary to aim, launch and guide the munition, as applicable.

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Defence Standards are revised as necessary by an up issue or amendment. It is important that users of Defence Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest issue or amendment. Information on all Defence Standards is contained in Def Stan 00-00 Standards for Defence Part 3 Index of Standards for Defence Procurement Section 4 'Index of Defence Standards and Defence Specifications' published annually and supplemented regularly by Standards in Defence News (SID News). Any person who, when making use of a Defence Standard encounters an inaccuracy or ambiguity is requested to notify UK Defence Standardization (DStan) without delay on order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken.