Ministry of Sustainble Development and Planning Vice-ministry of Environment, Natural Resources and Forestry Development Climate Change National Program

PNCC - BOLIVIAPNCC - BOLIVIA1

Ministry of Sustainble Development and PlanningMinistry of Sustainble Development and PlanningVice-ministry of Environment, Natural Resources and Forestry Vice-ministry of Environment, Natural Resources and Forestry

DevelopmentDevelopment

Climate Change National ProgramClimate Change National Program of Bolivia of Bolivia

PPreliminary reliminary TTechnology Needs echnology Needs Assessment in Bolivia Assessment in Bolivia

Javier HannaJavier HannaClimate Change National ProgramClimate Change National Program

UNFCCC /UNDP Meeting on UNFCCC /UNDP Meeting on Methodologies for Technology Needs Methodologies for Technology Needs

AssessmentsAssessmentsSeoSeoul – Republic of ul – Republic of Korea, 23 - 25 April 2002Korea, 23 - 25 April 2002

PNCC - BOLIVIAPNCC - BOLIVIA 2

BBackgroundackgroundArticle 4.5 of the UNFCCCArticle 4.5 of the UNFCCC: developed country Parties “shall : developed country Parties “shall take all practicable steps to promote, facilitate and finance, as take all practicable steps to promote, facilitate and finance, as appropiate, the transfer of, or access to, environmentally appropiate, the transfer of, or access to, environmentally sound technologies and know-how to other Parties, sound technologies and know-how to other Parties, particularly developing country Parties, to enable them to particularly developing country Parties, to enable them to implement the provisions of the Convention”implement the provisions of the Convention”

Achieving the ultimate objectiAchieving the ultimate objective of the UNFCCCC, will requireve of the UNFCCCC, will require technological innovation and the technological innovation and the rapid and widespread transfer rapid and widespread transfer and implementation of technologies and know-howand implementation of technologies and know-how for for mitigation of greenhouse gas emissionsmitigation of greenhouse gas emissions..

The transfer of technology for adaptation is also very important The transfer of technology for adaptation is also very important element of reducing element of reducing vulnerability to climate changevulnerability to climate change, which is a , which is a key element for developing countries, specially for those most key element for developing countries, specially for those most vulnerable.vulnerable.


TT from the perspective of BoliviaTT from the perspective of Bolivia Bolivia through the Climate Change National Program Bolivia through the Climate Change National Program

(CCNP), has developed concrete actions to meet its (CCNP), has developed concrete actions to meet its commitments under UNFCCC (National Action Plan commitments under UNFCCC (National Action Plan on CC, National Implementation Strategy, First on CC, National Implementation Strategy, First National Communication, GHG Emissions National Communication, GHG Emissions Inventories). Inventories).

One of the next important steps followed was a One of the next important steps followed was a preliminary Technology Needs Assessment for preliminary Technology Needs Assessment for Climate Change in Bolivia: Energy, Industrial Climate Change in Bolivia: Energy, Industrial Processes and Land Use Change & Forestry Sectors Processes and Land Use Change & Forestry Sectors (GEF support).(GEF support).

The assessment has permited to: define priority The assessment has permited to: define priority sectors, compile technology information, select sectors, compile technology information, select technology priorities, assess barriers and gaps, and technology priorities, assess barriers and gaps, and evaluate possible ways to overcome these barriers. evaluate possible ways to overcome these barriers.


Technology Needs Assessment: Technology Needs Assessment: Country-driven ProcessCountry-driven Process

CompilingTechnologyInformation

Identification of national key

organizations and experts

+Consultations

National or sectoral strategies, National or sectoral strategies, programs and plansprograms and plans

Identification of Barriers

Technology Needs

Assessment

National Consultations

Reviews

Further actions

Sustainable Sustainable Development GoalsDevelopment Goals


Sources of InformationSources of Information National Mitigation Analysis (Energy, Forestry and National Mitigation Analysis (Energy, Forestry and

Agriculture sectors).Agriculture sectors). Sectoral and National Plans (Energy and Forestry Sectoral and National Plans (Energy and Forestry

sectors).sectors). Stakeholder consultations – government agencies and Stakeholder consultations – government agencies and

programs, private programs (clean technology), programs, private programs (clean technology), industries (many subsectors), national chambers of industries (many subsectors), national chambers of industries and bussiness asociations, academic industries and bussiness asociations, academic institutions.institutions.

IPCC Special Report: Methodological and Technological IPCC Special Report: Methodological and Technological Issues in Technology Transfer.Issues in Technology Transfer.


Compiling and Supplementing Technology Compiling and Supplementing Technology InformationInformation

Identification of alternative technologies for each Identification of alternative technologies for each subsectors (international and national sources).subsectors (international and national sources).

Analysis of benefits of the technologies (international Analysis of benefits of the technologies (international and national sources).and national sources).

Analysis of implementation potential (national sources).Analysis of implementation potential (national sources). In select subsectors and select technologies: analysis of In select subsectors and select technologies: analysis of

climate response potential.climate response potential. Technology performance and costs (international Technology performance and costs (international

sources).sources).


Compiling and Supplementing Technology Compiling and Supplementing Technology InformationInformation

Country experiences and available information on Country experiences and available information on environmentally sound technologies (national sources).environmentally sound technologies (national sources).

Planned national or sectoral strategies, programs and plans Planned national or sectoral strategies, programs and plans promoting new technologies implementation (national promoting new technologies implementation (national sources).sources).

Analysis of Implementation Barriers for each subsector Analysis of Implementation Barriers for each subsector (national sources).(national sources).

Analysis of Implementation Barriers for selected Analysis of Implementation Barriers for selected technologies (national sources).technologies (national sources).


Identification of National Key Identification of National Key Organizations and Experts - ConsultationsOrganizations and Experts - Consultations

• The national team (part of CCNP) was responsible of gather information, make a review process of information’s quality, identify key organizations and experts, and make consultations.

• For some key particular sectors (e.g. cement industry, co-generation initiatives, forestry sector) - primary data collection, field trips, discussions in place, analysis of priorities and barriers, analysis of previous environmental and energy assessments.

• Barriers were identified mainly in the consultations process with directly involved stakeholders and organizations.

• The review process of technology needs assessment, was done by key sectoral experts and the Climate Change Inter-institutional Council.


Gathering Information fromGathering Information from the Public the Public Entities and Domestic IndustriesEntities and Domestic Industries

Bolivia addressed this challenge using many ways:Bolivia addressed this challenge using many ways: Direct “official” approach.Direct “official” approach. Through Climate Change Inter-institutional Council.Through Climate Change Inter-institutional Council. Direct approach through industry groups.Direct approach through industry groups. Personal approach (members of the CCNP team).Personal approach (members of the CCNP team). Approach through experts.Approach through experts.

Many times helpful information can only be found in particular Many times helpful information can only be found in particular governmental agencies, industry groups or firms. Access to these governmental agencies, industry groups or firms. Access to these information is in many cases very difficult.information is in many cases very difficult.


Technology Transfer OportunitiesTechnology Transfer OportunitiesWere identified many technologies with potential to transfer in Bolivia:Were identified many technologies with potential to transfer in Bolivia:• Energy SectorEnergy Sector: Fuel switching, CFLs, Renewable sources, : Fuel switching, CFLs, Renewable sources,

Improvement in thermal and electric processes (energy Improvement in thermal and electric processes (energy management), Biomass fuels, Maintenance systems, Good practice management), Biomass fuels, Maintenance systems, Good practice in processes, Combined cycles, Co-generation, etc.in processes, Combined cycles, Co-generation, etc.

• Industrial Processes SectorIndustrial Processes Sector: Recovery systems, Improvement in : Recovery systems, Improvement in equipments, kilns and reservoirs, Introduction of advanced kilns equipments, kilns and reservoirs, Introduction of advanced kilns and ovens, etc.and ovens, etc.

• Forestry sectorForestry sector: Improvement of silvicultural practices, Sustainable : Improvement of silvicultural practices, Sustainable harvest and management practices, Protected area management harvest and management practices, Protected area management systems, Susbtitution of fossil fuels in forestry practices, etc. systems, Susbtitution of fossil fuels in forestry practices, etc.


Energy SectorEnergy Sector

Compressed natural gasCompressed natural gas

Renewable sourcesRenewable sources

Efficient biomassEfficient biomassuseuse

Minihydro power plantsMinihydro power plants


Barriers to the Transfer of TechnologyBarriers to the Transfer of Technology• Lack of financial institutions or systems.Lack of financial institutions or systems.• Lack of supporting institutions and legal frameworks.Lack of supporting institutions and legal frameworks.• Inability to assess, select and adapt appropiate technologies.Inability to assess, select and adapt appropiate technologies.• Lack of information and management experience.Lack of information and management experience.• Lack of awareness and acceptance of technologies.Lack of awareness and acceptance of technologies.• Lack of confidence in the economic, commercial, or technical Lack of confidence in the economic, commercial, or technical

viability of technologies.viability of technologies.• Lack of information on current or planned donor activities.Lack of information on current or planned donor activities.• Lack of science, engineering and technical knowledge available to Lack of science, engineering and technical knowledge available to

industries.industries.• High transaction costs.High transaction costs.• Cultural and social national circumstances.Cultural and social national circumstances.


Some ways to overcome barriers in Some ways to overcome barriers in the the Transfer of TechnologyTransfer of Technology

• Create systems for direct TT finacial support.Create systems for direct TT finacial support.• Create incentives for investing in EST.Create incentives for investing in EST.• Build human and institutional capacities.Build human and institutional capacities.• Integrate human skills, organizational development and information Integrate human skills, organizational development and information

networks.networks.• Increase the capacity of social organizations, NGO’s, regulatory Increase the capacity of social organizations, NGO’s, regulatory

agencies and financial institutions.agencies and financial institutions.• Targeted pilot projects and demonstrations.Targeted pilot projects and demonstrations.• Conduct education and outreach campaigns.Conduct education and outreach campaigns.• Identification of donor activities and dissemination of this Identification of donor activities and dissemination of this

information.information.• Support to public and wide access to the TT information – creation Support to public and wide access to the TT information – creation

of information networks.of information networks.


Challenge of Effective International Challenge of Effective International CoordinationCoordination

• Bolivia has conducted an early process to Assess its Bolivia has conducted an early process to Assess its Technology Transfer Needs, based exclusively on Technology Transfer Needs, based exclusively on national capacities.national capacities.

• To gaining access to useful information on technology To gaining access to useful information on technology transfer oportunities, it would be helpful transfer oportunities, it would be helpful strenght strenght international cordinationinternational cordination::UNFCCC, international bussiness community, bilateral UNFCCC, international bussiness community, bilateral and multilateral donors – developing countries.and multilateral donors – developing countries.

• Find possible ways to make available information of Find possible ways to make available information of developing countries in their advances of Technology developing countries in their advances of Technology Transfer Needs, at the international levels.Transfer Needs, at the international levels.



• Needs of methodologies, analytical tools, Needs of methodologies, analytical tools, guidance and information of country guidance and information of country experiences to assess Technology Transfer experiences to assess Technology Transfer Needs.Needs.

• Regional workshops – training workshops.Regional workshops – training workshops.• More attention and work is needed in reference More attention and work is needed in reference

to to adaptation technologiesadaptation technologies..• More information is needed for other sectors: More information is needed for other sectors:

forestry, agriculture, waste. forestry, agriculture, waste.



• Bolivia has initiated a new cycle in the Bolivia has initiated a new cycle in the Assessment of Technology Transfer Needs, Assessment of Technology Transfer Needs, with the support of the CTI:with the support of the CTI:

• Conducted a first national roundtable to asses Conducted a first national roundtable to asses technolgy needs, based on the preliminary technolgy needs, based on the preliminary analysis:analysis:- New roundtables in other main cities.- New roundtables in other main cities.- Development of national Action Plan on TT.- Development of national Action Plan on TT.- Selection of 3 technologies and/or- Selection of 3 technologies and/or

subsectors for in-depth analysis (possible subsectors for in-depth analysis (possible case studies).case studies).

- Confirmation of needs of a country-driven- Confirmation of needs of a country-drivenprocess and enhancement of nationalprocess and enhancement of nationalcapacities.capacities.


Climate Change National Climate Change National Program of BoliviaProgram of Bolivia

Contact address:Contact address:

Javier HannaJavier Hanna

[email protected]

Tel. / fax: +591-2-2423497Tel. / fax: +591-2-2423497

La Paz – BOLIVIALa Paz – BOLIVIA

http://www.snids.gov.bo/pncchttp://www.snids.gov.bo/pncc

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Ministry of Sustainble Development and Planning Vice-ministry of Environment, Natural Resources and Forestry Development Climate Change National Program