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MizanulHikmahAyatullahMohammedReyshahri-XKP
Published:2013Tag(s):islam"RaiShahri""AyatullahMohammedi""AyatullahMuhammadi""raishaheri"rayshehrimizan"mizanulhikmah"ashura"shiaebook""ibooksshia"xkpMizan-ul-Hikmah"functionsofeyes"cornea"siteof
Aashura
هباحصأو ( مالسلا هیلع ) نیسحلا ىلع ءاكبلاو ءاروشاع
1 ةنجلا يف اهب هللا هأوب ، هدخ ىلع لیست ىتح ( مالسلا هیلع ) نیسحلا لتقل هانیع تعمد نمؤم امیأ (: مالسلا هیلع ) نیدباعلا نیز مامإلا ـاباقحأ اهنكسی افرغ .1– Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS) said, ‘Every single believer whose eyes shed tears for the
martyrdomofal-Husayn(AS)suchthattheyrollontohischeeks,AllahprepareschambersforhiminParadiseasaresultofthemwhereinhewilldwellforages.’[Thawabal-A`amal,p.108,no.1]2( مالسلا هیلع ) نیسحلا بدنیل مث : ـ دعب نم ءاروشاع موی ( مالسلا هیلع ) نیسحلا ةرایز ثیدح يف ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) رقابلا مامإلا ـيزعی فیكف : تلق (… مالسلا هیلع ) نیسحلاب مهباصمب اضعب مهضعب زعیلو … هیلع ءاكبلاب هیقتی ال نمم هراد يف نم رمأیو ، هیكبیودمحم لآ نم يدهملا مامإلا هیلو عم هراثب نیبلاطلا نم مكایإو انلعجو ، نیسحلاب انباصمب انروجا هللا مظعأ : نولوقت : لاق ؟ اضعب انضعب
.((ص2–Imamal-Baqir(AS)inhisdiscourseaboutthevisitation(ziyara)ofal-Husayn(AS)onthedayofAashura,beitfromnearorfar,said,‘Then
lethimmournforal-Husayn(AS)andweepoverhim,andlethimenjoinweepingforhimonothersinhishousewhoarenotinastateofdissimulation,andtheyshouldcondolewitheachotherfortheirbereavementof al-Husayn (AS).…I [i.e. thenarrator] asked, ‘Howshould theycondolewitheachother ’towhichhereplied,‘Theyshouldsay‘MayAllahmakeourrewardgreatforourbereavementofal-Husayn,andplaceusandyouamong thosewhoavengehisbloodwithhis representative, theImamMahdifromthefamilyofMuhammad,peacebeuponthem.’[Misbahal-Mutahajjid,p.772]
3 ةنجلا مهلو هلف ةرشع ىكبأو ىكبف رعش نم اتیب ( مالسلا هیلع ) نیسحلا يف دشنأ نم (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا .ـ3– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Whoever recites a single verse of poetry about al-Husayn (AS),
crying as a result and making ten other people cry, becomes deserving of Paradise and so dothey.’[Thawabal-A`amal,p.110,no.3]4 هحرف موی ةمایقلا موی لجوزع هللا لعجی ، هئاكبو هنزحو هتبیصم موی ءاروشاع موی ناك نم (: مالسلا هیلع ) اضرلا مامإلا ـ
هرورسو .4–Imamal-Rida(AS)said,‘HeforwhomthedayofAashura’isadayofgrief,sorrowandcrying,
Allah, Mighty and Exalted, will make the Day of Resurrection a day of joy and happiness forhim.’[`AeIlalal-Share’i`a,p.227,no.2]5( مالسلا هیلع ) يبأ ناك …. ماظعلا بونذلا طحی هیلع ءاكبلا نإف ؛ نوكابلا كبیلف نیسحلا لثم ىلعف (: مالسلا هیلع ) اضرلا مامإلا ـموی مویلا كلذ ناك رشاعلا موی ناك اذإف ، مایأ ةرشع يضمت ىتح هیلع بلغت ةبآكلا تناكو ، اكحاض ىری ال مرحملا رهش لخد اذإمالسلا هیلع ) نیسحلا هیف لتق يذلا مویلا وه : لوقیو ، هئاكبو هنزحو هتبیصم ).
5–Imamal-Rida(AS)said,‘LettheweepersweepoversomeonelikeHusayn,forverilyweeping
over him reduces the burden of great sins. Then he continued, saying, ‘As soon as themonth ofMuharram would set in my father (AS) was never seen laughing, and he would be overcome by
melancholyuntilafterthefirsttendayshadpassed.Whenthetenthdaydawned,itwasadayofgriefand sorrow and crying for him, and he used to say, ‘This is the day when al-Husayn (AS) wasmartyred.’[Wasaelal-Shi`aah,v.1,p.394,no.8]`Aashura’ThetenthdayofMuharram,markingthedateofImamHusayn(AS)’smartyrdomatthe
handsoftheUmayyadsalongwithhisfamilyandcompanionsinKarbalain61A.H(ed.)
TheVirtueofAbasedPeople نیفعضتسملا لضف
1 فعضتسملا فیعضلا ؟ هللا دابع ریخب مكربخا الأ ، ربكتملا ظفلا ؟ هللا دابع رشب مكربخا الأ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ1–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘ShallIinformyouoftheworstofAllah’sservants?Itistherude
andarrogantperson.Andshall I informyouof thebestofAllah’s servants? It is theweak,abasedperson.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.5944]2 مكئافعضب نورصنتو نوقزرت امنإف ، ءافعضلا يف ينوغبأ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ2–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Assistmeinseekingouttheweakpeople,forverilyyouaregiven
sustenanceandsuccouronlybecauseofthepresenceoftheweakamongyou.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.6019]3 مهصالخإو مهتالصو مهتوعدب ، اهفیعضب ةمالا هذه هللا رصنی امنإ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ3–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘VerilyAllahgivessuccourtothiscommunityonlyasaresultof[the
presenceof] theweak among them, their supplication, their prayer and their sincerity.’[al-Durr al-Manthur,v.2,p.724]
TheReturnofPowertotheAbasedPeople نیفعضتسملا ةلو
4 دعب مهیدهم هللا ثعبی ، دمحم لآ مه : ـ …« اوفعضتسا نیذلا ىلع نمن نأ دیرنو :» ىلاعت هلوق يف ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا ـمهودع لذیو مهزعیف ، مهدهج .
4–ImamAli (AS),withregards to theQur ’anicverse:“Andwedesired toshowfavour to thosewho were abased…” said, ‘This refers to the progeny ofMuhammad. Allah will send them theirrightlyguidedSaviour[theMahdi]aftertheirstruggle,andhewillraisetheirstatusandabasetheirenemy.’[Nural-
SpiritualWeakness يونعملا فاعضتسالا
5 هبلق اهاعوو ه ـ نذا اهتعمسف ةجحلا هتغلب نم ىلع فاعضتسالا مسا عقی ال (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ5– ImamAli (AS)said, ‘The term‘weak’cannotbeapplied to thosewhom thedivineproofhas
reached,whoseearshavehearditandwhoseheartshaveheededit.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Sermon189]6 نامیإلا لیبس يدتهی الو رفكیف رفكلا عیطتسی ال يذلا وه : ـ …« نیفعضتسملا الإ :» ىلاعت هلوق يف ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) رقابلا مامإلا ـملقلا مهنع عوفرم نایبصلا لوقع لثم ىلع ءاسنلاو لاجرلا نم ناك نمو ، نایبصلا ،و نمؤیف .6– Imam al-Baqir (AS), with regards to the Qur ’anic verse: “Except the ones who are deemed
weak…”, said, ‘This refers toonewho isnot capableofdisbelieving that hemaybe considered adisbeliever,thoughneitherhashebeenguidedthepathoffaiththathemayhavefaith.[Italsorefersto]children,andthosepeoplefromamongmenandwomenwhohaveintellectsofchildrenandwhoarethereforenotaccountablefortheirdeeds.’[Ma`anial-Akhbar,p.201,no.4]7 فیعضب سیلف فالتخالا فرع اذإف ، فالتخالا فرعی ملو ، ةجح هیلإ عفری مل نم فیعضلا (: مالسلا هیلع ) مظاكلا مامإلا .ـ7–Imamal-Kazim(AS)said,‘The[spiritually]weakpersonisonewhomthedivineproofhasnot
reached, and who would not be able to differentiate [even if it did reach him]. If he is able todifferentiate[betweentruthandfalsehood]therefore,thenheisnotconsideredweak.’[al-Kafi,v.8,p.125,no.95]* al-mustaz`aafin:peoplewhoareabased,deemedweak,ordowntroddenbyothers.Peoplewho
are spiritually ‘weak’are thosewhoareunableor exempt fromcarryingout religiousobligationsduetomentalorphysicalincapacity(ed.)
TheAccount باسحلا
1 لمع هیف سیل باسح موی يف اونوكت نأ كشویو ، هیف باسح الو لمع موی يف مكنإو الأ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ1- The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Truly right now you live the day of action with no accounting
therein,andverysoonyouwilllivethedayofaccountingwithnoactiontherein.’[A`alamal-Din,no.345]2 باسحلا دعب باوثلا ، باقعلا لبق باسحلا (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ2- ImamAli (AS)said, ‘Accountability [forone’sactions]willcomebefore thepunishment,and
therewardwillcomeaftertheaccount.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.380]
EnjoinmentofAccountingforOne’sSelf سفنلا ةبساحم ىلع ثحلا
3 ربكألا ضرعلل اوزهجتو ، اونزوت نأ لبق اهونزو ، اوبساحت نأ لبق مكسفنأ اوبساح (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ3-TheProphet (SAWA) said, ‘Take account of your selves before you are held to account, and
evaluate them before you are held for evaluation, and prepare yourselves for the GreatestExposure.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.70,p.73,no.26]4 ةفلاخملاب اهوكلماو ، ةبساحملاب مكسفنأ اودیق (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ4-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Restrictyourlowerselvesbyholdingthemaccountableandcontrolthem
byopposingthem.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.6794]5 كمه نم ةبساحملا تناك امو ، كسفن نم ظعاو كل ناك ام ریخب لازت ال كنإ ، مدآ نبا (: مالسلا هیلع ) نیدباعلا نیز مامإلا .ـ5-ImamZaynal-`Aabidin(AS)said,‘OsonofAdam!Youwillcontinuetothriveaslongasyou
are the admonisher of your self, and as long as accounting for yourself is one of yourconcerns.’[Tuhafal-`Uqoul,no.280]6 لمع نإو ، هیلع هللا دمحو هنم هللا دازتسا اریخ لمع نإف ، موی لك يف هسفن بساحی مل نم انم سیل (: مالسلا هیلع ) مظاكلا مامإلا ـهیلإ باتو هللا رفغتسا ارش ائیش .6-Imamal-Kazim(AS)said,'Theonewhodoesnottakeaccountofhimselfeverysingledayisnot
oneofus.Andwhenheperformsagooddeed,heshouldaskAllahtoenablehimtodomore,andwhenhecommitsanevildeed,hemustseekAllah’sforgivenessandrepentforit.’[al-Ikhtisas,p.26]
TheFruitofTakingAccountofOneself ةبساحملا ةرمث
7 بویعلا حلصأو ، بونذلا لاقتساو ، هبونذب طاحأو ، هبویع ىلع فقو هسفن بساح نم (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ7-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Hewhotakesaccountofhissoulwillunderstandhisdefectsandknowhis
sins.Hewillrepentforthesinsandamendthedefects.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.8927]8 نمأ فاخ نمو ، رسخ اهنع لفغ نمو ، حبر هسفن بساح نم (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ8-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Hewhotakesaccountofhisselfprofits,hewhoneglectsitisataloss,and
hewhofearswillbesafe.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.70,p.73,no.27]9 دعس هسفن بساح نم (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ9-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Hewhotakesaccountofhisselfprospers.’[Mustadrakal-Wasail,v.12,p.
154,no.13761]
TheFirstThingThatManWillBeAskedAbout ءرملا هنع لأسی ام لوأ
10 تیبلا لهأ انبح دبعلا هنع لأسی ام لوأ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ10-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Thefirstthingthatmanwillbeaskedaboutisourlove,thepeople
oftheHousehold(ahlal-bayt).’[`UyounAkhbaral-Ridha(AS),v.2,p.62,no.258]11 ةاكزلا نعو ، تاضورفملا تاولصلا هلالج لج هللا يدی نیب فقو اذإ دبعلا هنع لأسی ام لوأ نإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـهتالص هنم تلبق اهیلع تام مث انتیالوب رقأ نإف ، تیبلا لهأ انتیالو نعو ، ضورفملا جحلا نعو ، ضورفملا مایصلا نعو ، ةضورفملاهجحو هتاكزو هموصو .11-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Thefirstthingthatmanwillbeaskedaboutwhenhestandsbefore
Allah, Exalted be His Grandeur, is the obligatory prayers, the obligatory alms-tax (Zakat), theobligatoryfasting,theobligatorypilgrimage(Hajj),andourguardianship(wilaya),thepeopleofthehousehold. If he attests to our guardianship and dies believing that, his prayer, fasting, alms andpilgrimagewillallbeaccepted.’[Amalial-Saduq,p.212,no.10]
ThatWhichOneisNotAccountableFor هیلع بساحی ال ام
12 ىلاعت هللا لیبس يف ناك ام الإ ةمایقلا موی هنع لوؤسم میعن لك (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ12- The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Every bounty will be asked about on the Day of Resurrection
exceptforwhatwas[used]inthewayofAllah,mostHigh.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.7,p.261,no.10]13 ادبأ ماعطلا كلذ میعن نع لأسی مل ماعطلا ىلع هللا مسا ركذ نم (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ13-ImamAli(AS)said,‘WhoeveruttersthenameofAllahonsomefoodthatheeatswillneverbe
asked[toaccountfor]thebountyofthatfood.’[Amalial-Saduq,p.246,no.13]14 نم هنكی تیب وأ ، هتعوج اهب دسی ةرسك وأ ، هتروعاهب يراوی ةقرخ : دبعلا اهنع لأسی ال ثالث ): قداصلا مامإلا وأ رقابلا مامإلا ـدربلاو رحلا .14-Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,‘Therearethreethingswhichtheservantwillnotbeaskedabout:the
clothheused tocoverhisprivateparts, thepieceofbreadheused tosatehishungerwith,and thehousethatusedtoprotecthimfromtheheatandthecold.’[Nural-Thaqalayn,v.5,p.665,no.26]
ThatWhichOneWillbeHeldAccountableFor هیلع بساحی ام
15 امیف هبابش ( نع ) ،و هانفأ امیف هرمع نع : عبرأ نع لأسی ىتح ةمایقلا موی دبع امدق لوزت ال (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر ـتیبلا لهأ انبح نعو ، هقفنأ امیفو هبستكا نیأ نم هلام نعو ، هالبأ .15-TheProphet (SAWA) said, ‘On theDayofResurrection, the feet of the servantwill not slip
untilheisaskedaboutfourthings:hisyearsandhowhespentthem,hisyouthandhowhewastedit,hiswealth,whenceheearneditandhowhespentit,andourlove,thepeopleofthehousehold(ahlal-bayt).’[al-Khisal,p.253,no.125]16 يلص ) هللا لوسرب مهیلع هللا معنأ امع ةمالا هذه لأست : ـ « میعنلا نع ذئموی نلأستل :» ىلاعت هلوق يف ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـمالسلا مهیلع ) هتیب لهأب مث ( هلآ و هیلع هللا ).
16- Imam al-Sadiq (AS), with regards to Allah’s verse: “You will surely be asked on that dayconcerningtheblessing”,said,‘ThiscommunitywillbeaskedaboutthebountythatAllahbestowedon them in the form of theMessenger of Allah (SAWA), and then his household (AS).’[Bihar al-Anwar,v.7,p.272,no.39]
ThatWhichWillMaketheAccountEasierontheDayofResurrectionةمایقلا موی باسح نوهی ام
17 باسحلا كیلع فخی هتیتوا امب عنقا (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ17-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Becontentwithwhatyouhavebeengivenandyouraccountwillbe
lighter.’[A`alamal-Din,no.344]18 كباسح هللا ففخی كقلخ نسح (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ18- The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Improve your temperament, and Allah will lighten your
account.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.71,p.383,no.20]19 لصوی نأ هب هللا رمأ ام نولصی ( نیذلا :») أرق مث ، ةمایقلا موی باسحلا نوهت محرلا ةلص نإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـ
باسحلا ءوس نوفاخیو مهبر نوشخیو ».19-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Maintainingrelationswithone’skinmakestheaccounteasieronthe
DayofResurrection.Thenherecited[theverse]:“AndthosewhojoinwhatAllahhascommandedtobejoined,andfeartheirLord,andareafraidofanadversereckoning.”[Biharal-Anwar,v.74,p.102,no.54]
TheCategoriesofPeopleduringtheAccount باسحلا يف سانلا فانصأ
20 مهنمو ، ارورسم هلهأ ىلإ بلقنیو اریسی اباسح بساحی نم مهنمف ، لزانمو تاقبط ىلع ذئموی سانلاو (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا ـنم مهنمو ، انهاه اهب سبلت نم ىلع كانه باسحلا امنإو ، ءيشب ایندلا رمأ نم اوسبلتی مل مهن ؛أل باسح ریغب ةنجلا نولخدی نیذلا
ریعسلا باذع ىلإ ریصیو ریمطقلاو ریقنلا ىلع بساحی .20-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thepeopleonthatdaywillbeofdifferentclassesandstations.Someof
themwillbegivenaneasyaccountandreturntotheirpeoplehappy.SomeofthemwillenterParadisewithoutgivinganaccount,fortheyhadnothingtodowithmattersoftheworldlylife,forindeedtheaccountthereisforthosewhoentanglethemselveswiththem[i.e.worldlyaffairs]here.AndsomeofthemwillbeaskedtoaccountforeveryspeckandspotandwillbemadetosufferthepunishmentoftheBlaze.’[al-Ihtijaj,v.1,p.572,no.137]
TheAdverseAccount باسحلا ءوس
21 وهو ، تانسحلا مهل بسحیو تائیسلا مهیلع بسحی : ـ « باسحلا ءوس نوفاخیو :» ىلاعت هلوق يف ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـ
ءاصقتسالا .21- Imam al-Sadiq (AS), with regards to Allah’s verse: “and they are afraid of an adverse
reckoning”[Qur ’an13:21],said,‘Theirbaddeedswillbecountedagainstthemandtheirgooddeedswillbecountedforthem,andthatisthestrictreckoning.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.7,p.266,no.26]
ThoseWhoseAccountWillBeEasy اریسی اباسح بساحی نم
22 لوق نیأف ، هللا لوسر ای : لئاق هل لاقف ، بذعم بساحم لك (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر لاق (: مالسلا هیلع ) رقابلا مامإلا ـحفصتلا ينعی ، ضرعلا كلذ : لاق ؟ « اریسی اباسح بساحی فوسف :» لجوزع هللا
22- Imamal-Baqir (AS)narrated, ‘TheProphet (SAWA) said, ‘Everypersonwho stands togiveaccount will suffer chastisement.’ Then someone asked him, ‘OMessenger of Allah!What aboutAllah’s verse: “he shall soon receive an easy reckoning”?’ He replied, ‘That is the exposition,meaningthedisplayofthepages[ofone’sbookofdeeds].’[Ma`anial-Akhbar,p.262,no.1]
ThoseWhoWillEnterParadiseWithoutAccounting ریغب ةنجلا لخدی نمباسح
23 يف اودهاجو ، يلیبس يف اوذواو اولتقو ، يلیبس يف اولتاق نیذلا يدابع يأ : ىلاعت هللا لوقی (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر ـباسح الو باذع ریغب اهنولخدیف ، ةنجلا اولخدا ، يلیبس .23-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Allah,mostHigh,willsay:“OMyservantswhohavefoughtfor
Mysake,werekilledandhurt forMysake,andhavestruggled forMysake!EnterParadise!”Andtheywillenteritwithoutpunishmentoraccount.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.16635]24 ریغب اعیمج ةنجلا اولخدیل نورباصلا نیأ : دانم يدانی نیرخآلاو نیلوألا هللا عمج اذإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) نیدباعلا نیز مامإلا ـ
؟ مكربص ناك امو : اولاق . نورباصلا : اولاق ؟ متنأ نم ـ : مهل ةكئالملا تلاق …: باسح هللا ةیصعم نع انربصو ، هللا ةعاط ىلع انربص : اولاق .24- ImamZayn al-`Aabidin (AS) said, ‘WhenAllahwill bring together the first and the last of
people a callerwill call out: ‘Where are the patient ones that theymay all enter Paradisewithoutaccount?’…The Imam then continued, ‘The angels will ask them, ‘Who are you?’ and theywillanswer,‘Thepatientones.’Againtheywillask,‘Andwhatwereyoupatientwith?’Theywillsay,‘Wewere patient with acts of obedience to Allah, and we were patient in keeping away from acts ofdisobediencetoAllah.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.82,p.138,no.22]25 يف نوباحتملا نیأ : لوقیف سانلا عمسی ىدانف دانم ماق ، نیرخآلاو نیلوألا لجوزع هللا عمج اذإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) نیدباعلا نیز مامإلا ـباسح ریغب ةنجلا ىلإ اوبهذا : مهل لاقیف سانلا نم قنع موقیف : لاق ؟ هللا .25- ImamZaynal-`Aabidin (AS) said, ‘WhenAllah,MightyandExalted,willbring together the
first and the last of people, a callerwill rise and call out so that all peoplewill hear.Hewill say,‘Whereare thosewholovedeachotherforAllah’sake?’andagroupofpeoplewill rise,andtheywillbetoldtoenterParadisewithoutaccounting.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.126,no.8]26 نم : مهل لاقیف ، ةنجلا باب اوبرضیف ةنجلا باب اوتأی ىتح سانلا نم قنع ماق ةمایقلا موی ناك اذإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـ
، اوقدص : لجوزع هللا لوقیف ! هیلع انوبساحت ائیش انومتیطعأ ام : نولوقیف ! ؟ باسحلا لبقأ : مهل لاقیف ، ءارقفلا نحن : نولوقیف ؟ متنأةنجلا اولخدا .26-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said, ‘OntheDayofResurrectionagroupofpeoplewill rise; theywill
come to thegate ofParadise and theywill knock at thegate ofParadise.Then theywill be asked,‘Whoareyou?’Andtheywillanswer,‘Wearethepoor.’Theywillthenbeasked,‘[Haveyoucome]beforetheReckoning?!’Andtheywillanswer,‘Youdidnotgiveusanythingtoholdusaccountablefor!’Allah,MightyandExaltedwillthensay,‘Theyspeakthetruth.EnterParadise!’[al-Kafi,p.264,no.19]27 ءالبلا لهأل بصنی مل نیزاوملا تبصنو نیواودلا ترشن اذإ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر لاق (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـباسح ریغب مهرجأ نورباصلا ىفوی امنإ :»… ةیآلا هذه التو ، ناوید مهل رشنی ملو ، نازیم ».27-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)narrated,‘TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Whentherecordsarespreadoutand
the scales set up, therewill be no scales set up for the people of affliction, nor record spread forthem.’ Then he recited this verse: “Indeed the patientwill be paid in full their rewardwithout anyreckoning…”[Nural-Thaqalayn,v.4,p.481,no.28]
ThoseWhoWillEntertheFireWithoutAccounting ریغب رانلا لخدی نمباسح
28 ىلإ هب رمؤیو ةمایقلا موی بساحی ال هنإف ، هللااب كرشأ نم الإ قلخ لك بساحی لجوزع هللا نإ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر ـرانلا .28- The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Truly Allah,Mighty and Exalted, will hold all the creatures to
accountexceptthosewhohaveassociatedapartnertoAllah,fortheywillnotbegiventhechancetoaccountontheDayofResurrectionandwillbeorderedstraighttotheFire.’[`UyounAkhbaral-Ridha(AS),v.2,p.34,no.66]29 : لاق ؟ مه نم ، كیلع هللا ىلص هللا لوسر ای : لیق . ةتسب باسحلا لبق رانلا نولخدی ةتس (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر نع ـدسحلاب ءاملعلاو ، ةلاهجلاب قاتسرلا لهأو ، ةنایخلاب راجتلاو ، ربكلاب نیقاهدلاو ، ةیبصعلاب برعلاو ، روجلاب ءارمالا .
29-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Six[groups]willentertheFirebeforeanyaccountbecauseofsix[reasons].’Hewasasked,‘OMessengerofAllah!MayAllah’sblessingsbeuponyou!Whoarethey?’Hereplied,‘Therulersbecauseoftheirtyranny,theArabsbecauseoftheirprejudice,thelandownersbecauseof theirarrogance, themerchantsbecauseof their treachery, thevillagersbecauseof theirignorance,andthescholarsbecauseoftheirjealousy.’[Tanbihal-Khawatir,v.1,p.127]30 ناز خیشو ، بوذك رجاتو ، رئاج مامإ … باسح ریغب رانلا هللا مهلخدی ةثالث (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا .ـ30-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Allahwillmakethree[groups]entertheFirewithoutanyaccount…
anunjustleader,alyingmerchant,andanadulterousoldman.’[al-Khisal,p.80,no.1]
EnjoinmentofAction لمعلا ىلع ثحلا
1 هلمع ىقبیو هلامو هلهأ عجری ؛ دحاو ىقبیو نانثا عجریف ، هلمعو هلامو هلهأ : ةثالث تیملا عبتی (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ1–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Threethingsfollowapersonwhenhedieshisfamily,hiswealthand
his deeds. Two of those retreat and only one remains his family andwealth retreat and his deedsremainwithhim.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.42761]2 مكل نإ ، عرولا عرولاو ، ربصلا ربصلا مث ، ةماقتسالا ةماقتسالاو ، ةیاهنلا ةیاهنلا مث ، لمعلا لمعلا (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا ـمكتیاهن ىلإ اوهتناف ةیاهن .
2–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Ienjoinyouwithactionindeed, thentotakeit to itscompletion, thentomaintainitregularly,thentopersevereinitsperformanceandthentobepious.Verilyyouhavebeendestinedforagreatend,sobetakeyourselvestoyourdestinedend.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Sermon176]3 هبسح ) هبسن هب عرسی مل ، هلمع هب أطبأ نم (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .(ـ3–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Hewholagsbehindasaresultofhisdeedswillnotbeaccordedafront
positionbecauseofhislineage.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Saying23]4 وهو نیبنذملا ضغبیو ، مهلمع لمعی الو نیحلاصلا بحی … لمعلا ریغب ةرخآلا وجری نمم نكت ال (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا ـ
، لدم لوقلاب وهف … لأس اذإ غلابیو ، لمع اذإ رصقی … هلمع نم رثكأب هسفنل وجریو ، هبنذ نم ىندأب هریغ ىلع فاخی … مهدحألقم لمعلا نمو !4– ImamAli (AS) said, ‘Do not be among thosewho hope for theHereafterwithout acting…
admiringtherighteouspeopleandyetnotactinglikethem,anddespisingthesinnerswhilstheisoneofthem…hefearsforothersworsechastisementthanwhathehimselfdeservesforhissin,andforhimselfhopesforgreaterthanhisactionsdeserve…Whenheactshefallsshortoftheaction,andwhen he is asked something, he exaggerates … so he is presumptuous in his speech thoughperforminglittleaction.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Saying150]5 هبذعی مل … هنسح هنم لبق نمو ، هبذعی مل ةدحاو ةالص هنم هللا لبق نم (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا .ـ5–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘HefromwhomAllahacceptsasingleprayer,Hewillnotpunish,nor
hefromwhomHeacceptsasinglegooddeed.’[al-Kafi,v.3,p.266,no.11]6 اریثك اومعنت الیلق اولمعا (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا .ـ6– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘If you act but a little, you will enjoy many bounties.’[Tanbih al-
Khawatir,v.2,p.183]7 لامعألاب ةرخآلا يفو ، لاومألاب ایندلا يف سانلا (: مالسلا هیلع ) يداهلا مامإلا .ـ7–Imamal-Hadi(AS)said,‘Peopletransactthroughwealthinthisworldandthroughdeedsinthe
Hereafter.’[al-Durraal-Bahira,p.41]
ActionandRecompense ءازجلاو لمعلا
8 امهیأف ، ناقیرط امهو ، راربألا لزانم راجفلا لزنی ال كلذك بنعلا كوشلا نم ىنتجی ال امك (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر ـهیلإ متكردأ متذخأ .8–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Justasgrapescanneverbeharvestedfromthornbushes,thuscan
thewrongdoersnevercomeuptotheleveloftherighteous,fortheyaretwodistinctpaths,whicheveroneofthemyoutakeiswhereyouwillarrive.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.43676]
MaintenanceofContinuousAction لمعلا ىلع ةموادملا
9 توملا الإ ةیاغ نینمؤملا لمعل لعجی مل هللا نإف ! ةموادملا ةموادملا (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ9–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Actcontinuously,actcontinuously!ForverilyAllahhasnotdecreedany
endtothebeliever ’sactionsexceptdeath.’[Mustadrakal-Wasail,v.1,p.130,no.177]10 هنم لولمم ریثك نم ىجرأ ، هیلع مودت لیلق (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ10– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The little that you perform continuously is weightier than the great
amountthatyouperformodiously.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Saying278]11 لق نإو ، هیلع موادی لمع نم هللا ىلإ بحأ ءيش نم ام (: مالسلا هیلع ) رقابلا مامإلا .ـ11–Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,‘ThereisnothingmorebelovedtoAllahthantheperformanceofan
actionthatismaintainedregularly,evenifitbelittle.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.82,no.3]12 ردقلا ةلیل نأ كلذو ؛ هریغ ىلإ ءاش نإ هنع لوحتی مث ، ةنس هیلع مدیلف لمع ىلع لجرلا ناك اذإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـنوكی نأ هللا ءاش ام كلذ هماع يف اهیف نوكی .12–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Ifamanperformsacertainaction,heshouldmaintainitregularly
for thedurationofayear, thenhemaymoveon toanotheract ifhewishes,and that is so that thegrandNightofOrdainment(laylatal-qadr)isincludedinhisyearofperformingthatparticularact,whenwhateverAllahwillsthereinhappens.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.82,no.1]
TheBestofActions لامعألا لضفأ
13 اهزمحأ لامعألا لضفأ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ13–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Thebestofdeedsisthemostdifficultofthem.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.
70,p.191]14 لق نإو همودأ لمعلا لضفأ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ14– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘The best of deeds is that which is most regular, even if be
somethingsmall.’[Tanbihal-Khawatir,v.1,p.63]15 هنع فشكت وأ هتعوج هنع درطت ، نمؤملا ىلع هلخدت ( يذلا ) رورس هللا ىلإ لامعألا بحأ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر ـهتبرك .15–TheProphet (SAWA)said, ‘Thebestofdeeds in thesightofAllah is thehappiness thatyou
bringtoafellowbeliever,eitherbydrivingawayhishungerorbyrelievinghimofhisdistress.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.191,no.11]16 كسفن هیلع تهركأ ام لامعألا لضفأ (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ16– ImamAli (AS) said, ‘The best of deeds is that which you force yourself to do.’[Bihar al-
Anwar,v.78,p.69,no.20]17 هللا هجو هب دیرا ام لمعلا لضفأ (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ17–ImamAli(AS)said,‘ThebestofdeedsisthatwhoseobjectiveisAllah’spleasure.’[Ghuraral-
Hikam,no.2958]18 قحلا موزل لامعألا لضفأ (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ18–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebestofdeedsisadherencetothetruth.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.3322]19 لجوزع هللا لیبس يف داهجلاو ، نیدلاولا ربو ، اهتقول ةالصلا : ـ لامعألا لضفأ نع لئس امل ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا .ـ19–Imamal-Sadiq(AS),whenaskedaboutthebestofdeeds,replied,‘Performingtheprayeratits
prescribed time, being kind to one’ s parents and combat in theway ofAllah (jihad),Mighty andExalted.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.158,no.4]
HeWhoseDeedsDoNotBenefitHim هلمع هعفنی ال نم
20 هب يرادی قلخو ، لجوزع هللا يصاعم نع هزجحی عرو : لمع هل مقی مل هیف نكت مل نم ثالث (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر ـلهاجلا لهج هب دری ملحو ، سانلا .
20–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Thereare threequalitieswhichifapersondoesnotpossess,hisaction remains incompletepietywhich safeguardshim fromactsofdisobedience toAllah, agoodnaturebymeansofwhichhemaintains amicable relationswithpeople, andclemencybymeansofwhichheretortstherashnessoftheignorant.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.116,no.1]21 فحزلا نم رارفلاو ، نیدلاولا قوقعو ، هللااب كرشلا : لمع نهعم عفنی ال ةثالث (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ21–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Therearethreesinstowhichthecompanyofagooddeedistono
availassociationofanythingwithAllah,insolencetoone’sparents,andfleeingfromthemidstofabattle.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.43824and43937]22 هناسل ظفحی مل نم لمع ام (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ22–TheProphet (SAWA)said, ‘Hewhodoesnotguardhis tonguehasnotperformedanygood
deeds.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.77,p.85]23 لمع دوحجلاو كشلا عم عفنی ال (: مالسلا هیلع ) رقابلا مامإلا .ـ23–Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,‘Agooddeedaccompaniedbydoubtanddenial is tonoavail.’[al-
Kafi,v.2,p.400,no.7]24 اءوس نمؤملا هیخأ ىلع رمضم وهو المع نمؤم نم هللا لبقی ال (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا .ـ24– Imamal-Sadiq (AS)said, ‘Allahdoesnotacceptagooddeed fromabelieveras longashe
harboursillwillagainstafellowbelievingbrother.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.361,no.8]
DeedsThatOneMustBeCautiousof اهنم رذحلا يغبنی يتلا لامعألا
25 نیملسملا ةماعل ههركیو ، هسفنل هبحاص هاضری لمع لك رذحا (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ25–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Becautiousofeverydeedwhichthedoerispleasedtoperformhimself
buthatesMuslimsatlargetoperformit.’[SharheNahjal-BalaghaliIbnAbial-Hadid,v.18,p.41]26 ةینالعلا يف هنم ىحتسیو ، رسلا يف هب لمعی لمع لك رذحا (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ26– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Be cautious of every deed which is performed in secret but is
embarrassingtoperforminpublic.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Letter69]27 هركنأ هبحاصل ركذ اذإ لمع لكو كایإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ27–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Bewareofanydeedwhoseperformancewouldbedeniedbyitsdoerif
mentionedtohim.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.71,p.369,no.19]
PerfectionofaGoodDeed لمعلا ناقتإ
28 هنقتی نأ المع مكدحأ لمع اذإ بحی ىلاعت هللا نإ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ28–The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘VerilyAllah,mostHigh, loves for you to perfect a good deed
whenyouperformit.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.9128]29 هربق يف ( هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) يبنلا ىأر ( هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر نبا میهاربإ تام امل (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـنقتیلف المع مكدحأ لمع اذإ : لاق مث ، هدیب هاوسف اللخ 29–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)narrated,‘WhenIbrahim,thesonoftheProphet(SAWA)passedaway,the
Prophet(SAWA)sawagapinhisgrave,whichhefilledwithhishand,andthensaid,‘Whenanyofyouperformsagooddeed,heshouldperfectit.’[Wasaelal-Shi`aah,v.2,p.883,no.1]
TheExpositionofDeeds يبنلاو هللا ىلع لامعألا ضرعةمئألاو ( هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص )
30 دریو ، هیلع باتیف بئات نمو ، هل رفغیف رفغتسم نمف ، سیمخلاو نینثالا موی لامعألا ضرعت (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر ـاوبوتی ىتح مهنئاغضب نئاغضلا لهأ .
30–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘People’sdeedsareexposed[tome]everyMondayandThursday.Thedeedsofonewhoseeksforgivenessareforgiventohim,andthoseoftherepentantarepardoned,whilst thedeedsof thosewhoharbour rancourare returned to thembecauseof their rancouruntiltheyrepentforthem.’[al-Targhibwaal-Tarhib,v.3,p.458,no.17]31 حیبق نم ناك امو ، مكل هللا تدزتسا نسح نم ناك امف ، موی لك يلع ضرعت مكلامعأ نإ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر ـمكل هللا ترفغتسا .31–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Verilyyourdeedsareexposedtomeeveryday,andwhatevergood
IseeIaskAllahtoincreasethemforyou,andwhateverbadIsee,IseekforgivenessfromAllahforyou.’[al-Faqih,v.1,p.191,no.582]32 ىلاعت هللا ىلع ضرعتو الإ حابص نم ام ةمالا هذه لامعأ نإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) نیسحلا مامإلا .ـ32– Imamal-Husayn (AS) said, ‘Verily thedeedsof this community are exposed toAllah,most
High,everysinglemorning.’[`UyounAkhbaral-Ridha(AS),v.2,p.44,no.156]33 ىنع انایإ : ـ « نونمؤملاو ـه لو ـ سرو ـم كلمع هللا ىر ـ يسف او ـلـ معا لقو :» ىلاعت هلوق نع لئس امل ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـ33–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)wasaskedaboutAllah’sverse“Andsay,‘Goonworking,forAllahwill
seeyourconduct,andHisApostleandthefaithful[aswell]”,replied,‘ItisusthatHemeans[bythefaithful].’[Biharal-Anwar,v.23,p.337,no.22]34 ضرعأل ينإ هللاو : ـ مهل هللا وعدت نأ ينولأس كیلاوم نم اموق نإ : هل نابأ نب هللا دبع لاق دقو ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) اضرلا مامإلا ـموی لك يف هللا ىلع مهلامعأ .34–Imamal-Rida(AS),when`Aabdullahb.Abansaidtohim,‘Verilyagroupofyouradherents
haveaskedmetorequestyoutosupplicateAllahontheirbehalf’,replied,‘ByAllah,verilyIamtheonewhopresentstheirdeedstoAllaheveryday.’[Wasaelal-Shi`aah,v.11,p.392,no.25]
TheBookofDeeds لامعألا بات
35 دبعلا لمع نابتكی راهنلا اكلمو ، تائیسلا بتكی لامشلا بحاصو ، تانسحلا بتكی نیمیلا بحاص (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا ـلیللا يف دبعلا لمع نابتكی لیللا اكلمو ، راهنلاب .35–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Theangelonman’sright[shoulder]recordshisgooddeeds,whilstthe
angelontheleftrecordshisevildeeds.Thetwoangelsofthedayrecordtheservant’sdeedsbyday,andthetwoangelsofthenightrecordtheservant’sdeedsbynight.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.5,p.327,no.22]
EmbodimentofDeeds لامعألا مسجت
36 ينإ هللاوف تنأ ام : هل لوقیف ، ةنسح ةروص يف هلمع هل روص هربق نم جرخ اذإ نمؤملا نإ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر ـيف هلمع هل روص هربق نم جرخ اذإ رفاكلا نإو . ةنجلا ىلإ [ ادئاق وأ ارون ] هل نوكیف ، كلمع انأ : هل لوقیف ! ؟ قدصلا أرما كارألرانلا لخدی ىتح هب قلطنیف ، كلمع انأ : لوقیف ! ؟ ءوسلا أرما كارأل ينإ هللاوف تنأ نم : لوقیف ةئیس ةراشبو ، ةئیس ةروص .36–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Verilywhenthebelieverwillcomeoutofhisgrave,hisdeedswill
cometohimpersonifiedinagoodform,andhewilladdressitasking‘Whoareyou,forbyAllahIseeyoutobeaveraciousmanindeed!’towhichitwillreply,‘Iamyour[good]deed’,anditwillbeasourceoflightforhimandleadhimintoParadise.Andverilywhenthedisbelievercomesoutofhisgrave,hisdeedswillcometohimpersonifiedinanuglyformwithanuglycountenance,towhichhewillask,‘WhoareyouforverilyIseeyoutobeanuglymanindeed!’anditwillreply,‘Iamyour[evil]deeds’,anditwillrushoffwithhimtoplungeintotheFire.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.38963]
Adornment ةنیزلا
1 لمجتی نأو هل أیهتی نأ ـ هیخأ ىلإ نمؤملا هدبع جرخ اذإ ـ بحی هللا نإ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ1–TheProphet(SAWA)said,'VerilyAllahlikesitforabelievingservantofHis,whenhegoesto
visitafellowbrother,togetreadyandadornhimself.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.79,p.307,no.23]2 ةئیهلا نسحأ يف هاری نأ بحی يذلا بیرغلل نیزتی امك هاتأ اذإ ملسملا هیخأل مكدحأ نیزتیل (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ2–ImamAli(AS)said,'YoushouldadornyourselfforyourfellowMuslimbrotherwhenyougo
to visit him just as you adorn yourself for a stranger for whom you want to make a good firstimpression.’[Biharal-Anwar,p.298,no.3]3 رهاوظلا ةنیز نم لمجأ نطاوبلا ةنیز (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ3–ImamAli(AS)said,'Theadornmentofyourinnerselvesismorebeautifulthantheadornment
oftheouter.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.5503]4 رهاظلا يف لمعلا نسحو رئارسلا ةراهط نامیإلا نیز (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ4–ImamAli(AS)said,'Theadornmentoffaithispurityofone'sinnermostthoughtscoupledwith
goodactionsmanifestedoutwardly.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.5504]
TheBestAdornment ةنیزلا نسحأ
5 نامیإ عم ةنیكسلا لجرلا ةنیز نسحأ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ5–TheProphet(SAWA)said, 'Thebestthingamancanadornhimselfwithistranquilitycoupled
withfaith.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.71,p.337,no.2]6 كنع مهتنسلأ فكو مهنیب كلمجو سانلاب كطلخ ام يزلا نسحأ نإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ6– ImamAli (AS) said, 'Thebest attire is thatwhichenablesyou toblend inwithpeople,which
makesyoulookpresentableinfrontofthem,andwhichdoesnotgivetonguesanexcusetowagaboutyou.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.3470]7 هللا ةعاط لثمب نیزتم نیزت ام (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ7–ImamAli(AS)said, 'Noonecanadornhimselfwithabetteradornmentthantheobedienceof
Allah.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.9489]
TheRewardfor(Enduringan)Affliction بئاصملا رجأ
1 رجألا حیتافم بئاصملا (: مالسلا هیلع ) نسحلا مامإلا .ـ1–Imamal-Hasan(AS)said,‘Afflictionsarethekeystoreward.’
TheWorstofAfflictions بئاصملا دشأ
2– Imam Ali (AS) was once asked what the worst affliction was, to which he replied, ‘To be
afflictedwithablowtoone’sfaith.’3 ایندلاب هلولا ءاقشلاو بئاصملا مظعأ (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ3–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thegreatestafflictionandsourceofwretchednessisinfatuationwiththis
world.’4 لهجلا بئاصملا مظعأ (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ4–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thegreatestafflictionisignorance.’5! ىربكلا ةبیصملا نع تلفغو ، ىرغصلا ةبیصملل تعزج اذه ای : ـ هدلو ىلع هعزج دتشا دق لجرل ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـكدلوب كباصم نم مظعأ هل دادعتسالا ككرتب كباصمف ، كعزج هیلع دت ـ شا امل ادعتسم كدلو هیلإ راص امل تنك ولو .
5– Imamal-Sadiq (AS) said toamanwhowasexperiencing intensegrief at the lossofhis son,‘You are grieving at the minor affliction and are heedless of the major affliction! If only youpreparedyourselffortheplacethatyoursonhaspassedawayto,yourgriefwouldnotbesointense,foryourafflictionathavingneglectedpreparationforit[i.e.theHereafter]ismuchgreaterthanthelossofyourson.’[`UyounAkhbaral-Ridha(AS),v.2,p.5,no.10]
ةبیصملا دنع عاجرتسالاToSay “Indeedwebelong toAllah and toHimdowe indeed return”whenStruckwith an
Affliction6 ةنجلا هل تبجو ةبیصملا دنع عاجرتسالا مهلا نم (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا .ـ6–Hewho is inspired toutter thewords, ‘Indeedwebelong toAllah, and toHimdowe indeed
return’duringanaffliction,hisentranceintoParadiseismadeobligatory.’[Thawabal-A`amal,p.235,no.2]
TheEtiquetteofDealingwithanAffliction باصملا بدأ
7 ةیلهاجلا لمع ةحاینلا (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ7–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Wailingisanactfromthepre-Islamicageofignorance.’[Biharal-
Anwar,v.82,p.103,no.50]8 ةقدصلاو ضارمألاو بئاصملا نامتك : ربلا زونك نم (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) يلع مامإلا .ـ8– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Among the hidden treasures of goodness are: concealing one’s
afflictions,one’sillnessesandone’scharity[fromothers].’[Biharal-Anwar,v.82,p.103,no.50]9 نع ىهنت ، هللا لوسر ای : هل لیقف ، هتیحل ىلع هعومد ترج ىتح ( هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) يبنلا ىكب میهاربإ تام امل : ةشئاع نع ـمحری ال محری ال نمو ، ةمحر هذه امنإو ، ءاكب اذه سیل : لاقف ! ؟ يكبت تنأو ءاكبلا .9–`Aa’ishanarrated, ‘WhenIbrahim[theProphet’sson]passedaway, theProphet (SAWA)cried
suchthattearsrolledontohisbeard,sopeoplesaidtohim,‘OProphetofAllah,youdissuadepeoplefromcryingandhereyouarenowcrying?!’towhichhereplied,‘Thisisnotcrying,itiscompassion,for he who does not have compassion [for others] will not be treated with compassion [byAllah].’[Amalial-Tusi,p.388,no.227]10 لاقف ، نهدرطیو نهاهنی رمع ماقف هیلع نیكبی ءاسنلا عمتجاف ( هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر لآ نم تیم تام : ةریره يبأ نع ـبیرق دهعلاو باصم بلقلاو ةعماد نیعلا نإف ، رمع ای نهعد (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .10–AbuHurayranarrated,‘AmanfromthefamilyoftheProphet(SAWA)hadpassedawayand
thewomenweregatheredaroundcryingforhimwhen`Aumarstoodupandprohibitedthemfromdoing so, and told them to go away from there. The Prophet (SAWA) then said, ‘Leave them O`Aumar,forverilytheeyefeelsteary[atthemoment],theheartisafflictedandthepainoftheincidentisstillfresh.’[Sunanal-Nasai,p.4,no.19]11 دنع توصو ، ةبیصم دنع لاوعإ : هللا امهضغبی نانوعلم ناتوص (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر نع ( مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا ـءانغلاو حونلا ينعی ؛ ةمعن .
11–ImamAli(AS)narratedontheauthorityoftheProphet(SAWA),‘Twovoicesarecursedanddespised by Allah: howling when struck by an affliction, and singing when blessed with abounty.’[Da`aimal-Islam,v.1,p.227]
FactorsthatEaseAfflictions بئاصملا نوهی ام
12 تابیصملا هیلع تناه ایندلا يف دهز نم (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ12–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Afflictionsareeasyforonewhoisabstemiousinthisworld.’[Kanz
al-Fawa’idlial-Karajiki,v.2,p.163]13 هیلع نوهتس اهنإف ؛ يب هتبیصم ركذیلف ةبیصم هدنع تمظع نم (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ13–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Hewhofindsanafflictiontoogreattobearshouldthinkabout[the
greatnessofhisafflictionresultingfrom]mypassingawayfromthisworld,andhisownafflictionwillbecomeeasiertobear.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.82,p.84,no.26]14 بئاصملا مكیلع نوهت ، لجوزع هللا يدی نیب مكمایقو ، روبقلا نم مكجورخ مویو ، توملا ركذ اورثكأ (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ14–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Increaseyourremembranceofdeath,thedaythatyouwillrisefromyour
graves,andyourstandingbeforeAllah,MightyandExalted,andyourafflictionswillbecomeeasiertobear.’[al-Khisal,p.616,no.10]15 نأ ءاش ول يذلا هللا دمحلاو ، ينید يف يتبیصم لعجی مل يذلا هللا دمحلا : ـ ةبیصملا دنع لوقی ناك هنإ ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـناكو نوكی نأ ءاش يذلا رمألا ىلع هللا دمحلاو ،( تناك ) تناك امم مظعأ يتبیصم نوكت .15–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)usedtosaythefollowingwhenfacedwithanaffliction,‘Allpraiseisdue
toAllah,Whodidnotafflictmeinmyfaith,andallpraiseisduetoAllahWho,ifHehadwilledformy affliction to be greater than it is could havemade it so, and all praise is due toAllah for thecommandthatHewilledtobeanditis.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.268,no.183]16 رمعت مل كلذ الولو ، نزحلا ةعول هاسنأف هبلق ىلع حسمف ، هلهأ عجوأ ىلإ اكلم هللا ثعب تام اذإ تیملا نإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) هللا لوسر ـایندلا .16–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Verilywhensomeonedies,Allahsendsanangeltothemostgrieved
memberofhisfamily,whostrokeshisheartandmakeshimforgettheagonyofgrief,andifitwerenotforthis,theworldwouldneveragainthrive.’[al-Kafi,v.3,p.227,no.1]
GloatingatAnother’sAffliction باصملاب ةتامشلا
17 نتتفی ىتح ایندلا نم جرخی مل هیخأب تلزن ةبیصمب تمش نم (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا .ـ17– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Whoever gloats over an affliction that has befallen his fellow
brotherdoesnotleavethisworlduntilheistriedsimilarly.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.359,no.1]
AGGRESSION يغبلا
1 يغبلا ةبوقع رشلا لجعأ نإ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ1-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Theevildeedtobepunishedthequickestisagression.’[al-Kafi,v.2,
p.327,no.1]2 هب لتق يغبلا فیس لس نم (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ2-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Whoeverdrawstheswordofagressionwillbekilledbyit[himself].’[Nahj
al-Sa`ada,v.1,p.52]3 ةمعنلا بلسی يغبلا (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ3-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Agressionremoves[Allah’s]favor.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.382]4 رامدلا بجوی يغبلا (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ4-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Agressionbringsaboutdestruction.’[Ibid.no.795]5 ربعلا هب لماعلاب لحیو ، ةعرصلا لجعی هنإف يغبلاو كایإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ5-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Avoidagression,foritexpeditesdeathandmakesofitsdoeralessonto
others.’[Ibid.no.2657]6 رانلا ىلإ هباحصأ دو ـ قی يغبلا نإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ6-ImamAli(AS)said,‘AgressionleadsitsperpetratorstotheHellfire.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.327,no.4]7 كتریشعو كسفن كتبجعأ نإو ، ادبأ يغب ةملكب نملكت ال نأ رظنا (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا .ـ7- Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Make sure that you never utter one aggressiveword, even if you
admire[thestrengthof]yourselfandyourtribe.’[Ibid.no.3]
TheAgressor يغابلا ةفص
8 مامإلا ىلع جرخی يذلا يغابلا : ـ « داع الو غاب ریغ رطضا نمف :» ىلاعت هلوق يف ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا .ـ8- Imam al-Sadiq (AS), with regards to the verse: “But should someone be compelled, without
being aggressiveor rebellious…”57, said, ‘The agressor iswhoever rises to fight against the Im?m.’[Ma`anial-Akhbar,p.213,no.1]
FightingAgainstMuslimAgressors نیملسملا نم يغبلا لهأ لات
،و-10 نورغاص مه و دی نع ةیزجلا اوتؤی وأ اوملسی ىتح مهنع رفنی ال كرشلا لهأ لاتق : نالاتق لاتقلا (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلااولتقی وأ هللا رمأ ىلإ اوؤیفی ىتح مهنع رفنی ال غیزلا لهأل لاتق .9- ImamAli (AS) said, ‘There are twokindsof fighting:one is the fightingagainstpolytheists;
theymustnotbeleftuntil theyacceptIslamorpaythetaxwithhumility.Thesecondisthefightingagainstthepeopleofinnovation[fromamongMuslims];andtheyshouldnotbeleftuntiltheycomplywiththecommandofAllahorelsetheybekilled.’[Wasaelal-Shi`aah,v.11,p.18,no.3]11- مهیلع هب ناعتسی نأ نكمأ نمب مهیلع ناعتسی ،و نوكرشملا هب لتقی ام لكب نولتقی و يغبلا لهأ لتاقی (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلامهیلع رد قـ اذإ نوكرشملا ـر سؤی ـا مك نور ـ سؤی ،و ةلبقلا لهأ نم .10- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘[Rebellious] Agressors [from amongMuslims] are to be fought and
killedinthesamewaythatonekillspolytheists;andMuslimscanrallyallthesupporttheycanagainstthem,andwhenpossible,theycanbetakenprisonersjustaspolytheistsaretakencaptive.’[Mustadrakal-Wasail,v.11,p.65,no.12437]
نیملسملا مامإل ةوادعلا بصن نم لتق زاوجThePermissiontoKillOneWhoDeclaresEnmityTowardstheIm?moftheMuslims12- فلأ نم ریخ مكنم لجر ـو مهنم لجرب مكنم لجر لتقی نأ مكیلع فاخن انأ الول : ـ بصانلا يف ـ (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلامامإلا ىلإ كلذ نكل ،و مهل لتقلاب مكانرمأل ـ مهنم لجر .11-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)saidaboutonewhodeclaresenmitytowardstheIm?moftheMuslims:‘If
itwerenotforthefactthatwewereafraidforyoursake–thatoneofyoumaybekilledforkillingoneofthem,andoneofyouisworthathousandoftheirmen–wewouldorderyoutokillthem;but
thisisleftto[thediscretionof]theImam.’[Wasaelal-Shi`aah,v.11,p.60,no.2]
TheDivineRecommendationofCultivationandAgriculture عرزلا بابحتساسرغلاو
1 هب هل ناك الإ ، ةمیهب وأ ناسنإ وأ ریط هنم لكأیف ، اعرز عرزی وأ اسرغ سرغی ملسم نم ام (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر ـةقدص .1– The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Every singleMuslim that plants or cultivates anything of which
humans,animalsorbirdsmayeatfromiscountedascharitytowardsthemonhisbehalf.’[Mustadrakal-Wasail,v.13,p.460,no.15892]2 ءيش نم لكأ امف ربلا امأ ، رجافلاو ربلا هنم لكأیف هعرزت ، ثرحلا لامعألا ریخ : لوقی يبأ ناك (: مالسلا هیلع ) رقابلا مامإلا ـریطلاو مئاهبلا هنم لكأیو ، هنعل ءيش نم هنم لكأ امف رجافلا امأو ، كل رفغتسا .
2–Imamal-Baqir(AS)narrated thathisfatherusedtosay, 'Thebestofoccupations is tillingtheland,theproduceofwhichiseatenbyboththegood-doerandthewrongdoer.Thatwhichthegood-doereatswillseekforgivenessonhis [i.e. thegrower ’s]behalf,and thatwhich thewrongdoereatswillcursehim[i.e.thewrongdoer].Thebirdsandanimalseatthereoftoo.’[al-Kafi,v.5,p.260,no.5]3 هللا هدعبأف رقتفا مث ابارتو ءام دجو نم : لوقی ( مالسلا هیلع ) نینمؤملا ریمأ ناك (: مالسلا هیلع ) رقابلا مامإلا .ـ3–Imamal-Baqir(AS)narratedthatImamAli(AS)usedtosay,'Hewho,inspiteofhavingwater
andsoilathisdisposal,isstillpoor,isdissociatedbyAllah.’[Qurbal-Isnad,p.115,no.404]4، اماقم سانلا نسحأ ةمایقلا موی مهو ، لجوزع هللا هجرخأ ابیط نوعرزی ، مانألا زونك نوعرازلا (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـ
نیكرابملا نوعدی ، ةلزنم مهبرقأو .4–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,'Thefarmersarethetreasuresofmankindfortheyplantandharvest
thegoodthingsthatAllahhasmadegrow.OntheDayofResurrection,theywilloccupythebestandnearestposition[toAllah]andwillbecalledtheblessedones.’[al-Kafi,v.5,p.261,no.7]5 نوعرازلا : ـ « نونمؤملا لكوتیلف هللا ىلعو :» لجوزع هللا لوق يف ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا .ـ5–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)saidthattheverseofAllahintheQur'an:"AndonAllahdothebelievers
rely"referstothefarmers.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.103,p.66,no.16]6 يف امو ، هضرأ يف هللا زونك نوعرازلا مه : ـ نیحالفلا نع يطساولا نوراه نب دیزی هلأس امل ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـاطایخ ناك هنإف ( مالسلا هیلع ) سیردإ الإ اعارز الإ ایبن هللا ثعب امو ، ةعارزلا نم هللا ىلإ بحأ ءيش لامعألا .6–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said, 'ThereisnooccupationmorebelovedtoAllahthanagriculture,and
everysingleprophetthatAllahsentdownwasafarmerexceptProphetEnoch[ProphetEnoch(AS)isknownasIdrisintheArabictradition(ed.)](AS)whowasatailor.’[Mustadrakal-Wasail,v.13,p.461,no.15898]
Alcohol رمخلا
1 ادبأ لجر بلق وأ فوج يف نامیإلاو رمخلا عمجت ال (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ1–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Alcoholandfaithwillneverbetogetherinthebreastorheartofa
man.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.79,p.152,no.64]2 رئابكلاو شحاوفلا ما رمخلا (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ2–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Alcoholisthemotherofallindecentactsandgravesins.’[Kanzal-
`Ummal,no.13181]3 رمخلا برش هحاتفم لعجو ، تیب يف هلك رشلا عمج (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ3–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Allevilinitsentiretyhasbeengatheredinonehouseanddrinking
alcoholisthekeytothathouse.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.79,p.148,no.63]
TheReasonfortheProhibitionofAlcohol
4– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Allah imposed…the abandonment of drinking alcohol in order tosafeguardtheintellect.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Saying252]5–Imamal-Rida(AS)said,‘Allahforbadealcoholduethecorruptionthataccompaniesit,anddue
tothewayinwhichitaltersthedrinkers’reason,andhowitencouragesthemtodenyAllah,Mightyand Exalted, and to slander Him and His messenger, and for all the other accompaniments ofcorruptionandmurder.’[`UyounAkhbaral-Ridha(AS),v.2,p.98,no.2]
TheConsequenceofDrinkingAlcohol
6–ImamAli(AS)said,‘WhenthealcoholiconemeetsAllah,MightyandExalted,hewillmeethimasanidolworshipper.’[al-Khisal,p.632,no.10]7– ImamAli (AS) said, ‘Theonewhodrinks an intoxicant, his prayerswill not be accepted for
fortydaysandnights.’[al-Khisal,p.632,no.10]
InteractingwithanAlcoholDrinker
8–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Whenonewhodrinksalcoholspeaks,donotbelievehim,andifheproposesdonotmarryhim,ifhefallssickdonotvisithim,andifhediesdonotattendhisfuneral,anddonotentrusthimwithanything.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.79,p.127,no.7]9–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Thealcoholdrinkerislikesulphur,sokeepawayfromhimlesthe
polluteyouwithhisstenchforsulphurhasabadstench.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.79,p.150,no.64]
HowanAlcoholDrinkerWillbeResurrected
10– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘The ones who have quenched themselves in this world with anintoxicant [alcohol] will die thirsty, will be resurrected thirsty and will enter the Hellfirethirsty.’[Thawabal-A`amal,p.290,no.5]
EnjoinmentofAbandoningAlcoholevenifitbeforOtherThanAllah
11–TheProphet (SAWA)said, ‘Whoeverabandonsalcohol forother than thesakeofAllah,Allahwillquenchhisthirst[inParadise]withthesealedwine’.ImamAli(AS)exclaimed,‘ForotherthanAllah?’TheProphet(SAWA)replied,‘Yes,byAllah,forhisownprotectionandwell-being.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.79,p.412,no.2]
TheProhibitionofThatWhichProducestheSameEffectsasAlcohol
12– Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, ‘Allah did not prohibit alcohol because of its name, rather Heprohibited it due to its effects, so whatever produces the same effects as alcohol is [treated as]alcohol.’[al-Kafi,v.6,p.412,no.2]
TheMeaningofAllah
1-ImamAli(AS)said,Allahmeanstheworshippedone,byWhompeoplearebewildered,andtoWhomtheyaresubmissive.AllahistheOneveiledfromthegraspofsights,andtheOnehiddenfromimaginationandcontemplation.[al-Tawhid,p.89,no.2]2- ImamAli (AS) said,Allah is the greatest name from among the names ofGod,Mighty and
Exalted,and it is thename thatcannotbeused tonameanyonebutAllah,andnocreaturehaseverbeennamedwithit.[Ibid.p.231,no.5]3-Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,AllahmeanstheOnewhoisworshippedandbyWhompeoplearetoo
bewilderedtocomprehendHisessenceandtofathomHisidentity.[Ibid.p.89,no.2]4- Imam al-Ridha (AS) said, In the name ofAllah,Mighty and Exalted, is the attestation toHis
LordshipandHisOneness.[`UyounAkhbaral-Ridha(AS),v.2,p.93,no.1]5-Imamal-`Askari(AS)said,AllahistheOne\toWhomeverycreatureresortswhenheisinneed
orinhardship,whenthereisnohopeinanyonebutHim.[Biharal-Anwar,v.3,p.41,no.16]
FactorsthatElicitAllah'sPleasure
1–IthasbeennarratedthatProphetMoses(AS)addressedAllah,saying,'MyLord,guidemetoanactiontheperformanceofwhichwillearnmeYourgoodpleasure.’SoAllahrevealedtohim,'OsonofAmran, verilyMypleasure lies in thatwhichyouwill be averse to andyouwill not be able toendureit.’SoMosesfellprostrate,weepingandcriedout,'MyLord!YouhaveselectedmetospeaktowhenYouhavenotspokentoanybeforeme,andyetYoudonotguidemetothatactionbywhichImayearnYourpleasure!’SoAllah revealed tohim, 'VerilyMypleasure lies inyourpleasurewithwhateverIdecree.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.82,p.143,no.17]2– ImamAli (AS) said, 'Three things enable a servant to attain Allah's pleasure: persistence in
seekingforgiveness,affabilitytowardspeople,andfrequentgivingofcharity.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.81,no.74]3– ImamAli (AS) said, 'Hewho dissatisfies his body earnsAllah's pleasure, and hewho is not
willingtodissatisfyhisbodydefiesAllah.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.70,p.312,no.11]4–ImamAli(AS)said,'He[Allah]hasadvisedyoutobeGodwaryinallthings,andhasmadeitthe
heightofHisgoodpleasureandHissolerequirementfromHiscreatures.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Sermon183]5–ImamAli(AS)said,'Allah'spleasureislinkedtoHisobedience.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.5410]6– ImamZaynal-Abidin (AS)said, 'Verily theonewhoAllah ismostpleasedwith fromamong
youistheonewhoisthemostgeneroustowardshisowndependents.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.136,no.13]
SignsofAllah'sPleasure
7– It isnarrated inBiharal-Anwar thatProphetMoses (AS)said, 'OMyLord,what isasignofYour pleasure with a servant of Yours?' So Allah revealed to him, saying, 'When you see MepreparingMyservantforMyobedienceandavertinghimfromMydisobedience,[knowthat]itisasignofMypleasure.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.70,p.26,no.29]8–ImamAli(AS)said,'ThesignofAllah'spleasurewithHisservantisthesatisfactionfoundinthe
servanthimselfwithallthatAllahdecrees,beitinhisfavourornot.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.6344]
PleasingPeopleattheExpenseofAllah'sDispleasure
9–ImamAli(AS),inaletterthathewrotetoMuhammadb.AbUBakr,said,'Trytothebestofyourability not to displease your Lord by pleasing any of His creatures, for verily Allah can easilysubstituteaservantforanother,buttheservanthasrecoursetonoothersubstituteforAllah.’[Amalial-Tusi,p.29,no.31]10–Imamal-Hasan(AS)said,'HewhoseekstopleaseAllahattheexpenseofdispleasingpeople,
Allahsufficeshim ineverything includinghisaffairswithpeople.But theonewhoseeks topleasepeople at the expense of Allah's displeasure, Allah relegates him to those very people.’[Bihar al-Anwar,v.71,p.208,no.17]
TheObligatoryAlms-Tax
1– Imamal-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Allah – exalted beHis remembrance– has not obligated anythingmore difficult for this community than paying the alms-tax, and the downfall of the majority ofpeopleliesin[theirfailuretopay]it.’[Amalial-Tusi,p.693,no.1474]2– Imamal-Sadiq (AS)said, 'Theprayerofonewhodoesnotgive thealms-tax isvoid,and the
alms-taxoftheimpiousisvoid.’[Mishkatal-Anwar,no.46]3–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,'Thealms-taxhasbeenprescribedasatestfortherichandanaidto
thepoor. Ifpeopledulypaid thealms-taxon theirwealth, therewouldnot remainasinglepoororneedyMuslim,andallwouldsufficethemselvesthroughwhatAllahhasprescribed.Verilypeopleareonlyimpoverished,needy,hungryandnakedasaresultofthesinsofthewealthy.’[al-Faqih,v.2,p.7,no.1579]
TheRoleoftheAlms-TaxintheIncreaseofWealth
4–TheProphet(SAWA)said,'IfyouwantAllahtoenrichyourwealththengivethealms-taxfromit.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.96,p.23,no.54]5–ImamAli(AS)said,'Strengthenyourcapitalbypayingthealms-tax.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.
60,no.138]6–Imamal-Hasan(AS)said,'Thegivingofthealms-taxneverdiminisheswealth.’[Biharal-Anwar,
v.96,p.23,no.56]7– Imam al-Baqir (AS) narrated, 'We found the following written in the book of the Prophet
(SAWA): …When the alms-tax is withheld, the earth withholds all its yield of plants, fruits andminerals.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.374,no.2]8–Imamal-Kazim(AS)said,'VerilyAllahhasfixedthealms-taxasaprovisionforthepooranda
proliferationofyourwealth.’[al-Kafi,v.3,p.498,no.6]9– Imam al-Rida (AS) said, 'When the alms-tax is not paid, livestock die as a result.’[Bihar al-
Anwar,v.73,p.373,no.8]
TheOneWhoRefusestoPaytheAlms-Tax
10– Imamal-Baqir (AS) said, 'Hewho refuses topay the alms-tax,on theDayofResurrectionAllahwilltransformhiswealthintoacobrawithtwovenomglandsthatwillcoilitselfaroundhimandbe told, 'Tightenyourgriponhimjustashewas tight-fistedwithyou in theworld.’This is inaccordancewithAllah'sverseintheQur'an:"Theywillbecollaredwithwhattheygrudge…"[Qur'an3:180]11–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,'Thosewhorefusetopaythealms-taxasktobereturnedtotheworld
atthetimeofdeath,asperAllah'sverseintheQur'an:"Whendeathcomestooneofthem,hesays,'MyLord!Takemeback,thatImayactrighteouslyinwhatIhaveleftbehind.”[Qur'an23:99]12–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,'Therearethreetypesofpeoplethatareconsideredthieves:theone
whorefuses topay thealms-tax, theonewhospendshiswife'sdowryunlawfully,and theonewhotakesaloanwithnointentiontorepayit.’[Biharal-Anwar,p.12,no.15]13– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Hewho refuses to pay [asmeagre an amount as] a sixteen of a
dirhaminalms-taxmayaswelldieaJeworaChristian.’[Thawabal-A`amal,p.281,no.7]
ThoseWhoareEntitledtoReceivetheAlms-Tax
14– Imamal-Sadiq (AS),with regards toAllah'sverse in theQur'an: "Charitiesareonly for thepoor…",said,'Thepoormanishewhodoesnotbegfrompeople[despitehispoverty],thedestitutelives in even harsher conditions than him, and the wretched one lives in the most straitenedcircumstancesofall.’[al-Kafi,v.3,p.501,no.16]
ThereisazakatforEverything*
15–ImamAli(AS)said,'Thezakatofpowerisequity.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.5448]16–ImamAli(AS)said,'Thezakatofbeautyischastity.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.5449]17–ImamAli(AS)said,'Thezakatofprosperityisgoodnesstoone'sneighboursandmaintaining
relationswithone'skin.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.5453]18–ImamAli(AS)said,'ThezakatofhealthisexertingoneselfinAllah'sobedience.’[Ghuraral-
Hikam,no.5454]19–ImamAli(AS)said,'ThezakatofcourageisfightinginthewayofAllah.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,
no.5455]20–ImamAli(AS)said,'Fast,forthatisthezakatofthebody.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.99,no.1]21–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,'Verilyuponeverythingisitszakat,andthezakatofknowledgeisto
teachittothosewhoareworthyofit.’[Biharal-Anwar,p.247,no.77]22– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Goodmoral conduct is the zakat of bounties, intercession is the
zakatofhighstatus,ailmentsarethezakatofthebody,amnestyisthezakatofvictory,andallthatyougiveoutzakatonisprotectedfrombeingsnatchedawayfromyou.’[Biharal-Anwar,p.268,no.182]
ObligatoryAlms-TaxPayableon`Ahdal-Fitr**
23–ImamAli(AS)said,'Hewhopaystheobligatoryalms-taxattheendofRamazan,Allahusesittomakeupforanydeficitinthealms-taxpaidonhiswealth.’[Wasaelal-Shi`aah,v.6,p.220,no.4]24–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,'Givingthealms-taxattheendofthemonthofRamazanconstitutes
fasting just as sending blessings on the Prophet (SAWA) at the end of the prayer completes andconstitutestheprayer.Verilytheonewhofastsandyetintentionallydoesnotpaythealms-taxdue,hisfastingisinvalid.’[al-Faqih,v.2,p.183,no.2085]* zakat: in general Islamic terminology and specifically in Islamic jurisprudence and law, this
referstothealms-taxpayableonone'swealthorproperty.Semantically,theworditselfmeans'purity'and comes from the root zaka (to purify, increase, augment,make thrive). Therefore zakat is thatwhichisgivenoutfromsomethinginordertopurifyitandincreaseitsworth,andthetraditionsinthissectionindicatethatinadditiontothezakatpayableonwealth,thereisalsoazakatpayableonallotherbountiesofAllahthatHehasbestowedonman, inorder topurify them, increase theirworthand make them thrive. In this section, therefore, the word zakat has been left in the Arabic todifferentiateitfromthejuristicterm‘alms-tax’(ed.)**termedzakatal-fitra.`Ahdal-Fitr:festivalmarkingtheendofthemonthofRamazan(ed.)
Amicableness
1–TheProphet (SAWA)said, ‘Allahhascommandedmeto treatpeopleamicably justasHehascommandedmetofulfilthereligiousobligations.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.117,no.4]2–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Beingamicabletowardspeopleishalfoffaith,andbeinggentleand
kindtothemishalfoflife.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.117,no.5]3–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Therearethreethingsthatifarenotpresentwithsomeonethentheir
actionsareincomplete:pietypreventingonefromdisobeyingAllah,acharacterthroughwhichoneisamicabletowardspeople,andclemencywithwhichtodealwiththerashnessoftheignorant.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.116,no.1]4– ImamAli (AS) said, ‘The fruit of [strong] intellect is amicablenesswith people.’[Ghurar al-
Hikam,no.4629]5– ImamAli (AS) said, ‘The security of thisworld and theHereafter lies in amicablenesswith
people.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.5610]6–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Whoeverisamicabletowardshisenemiesissecurefromwar.’[Ghuraral-
Hikam,no.8539]7– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Whoever is not improved by the goodness of amicableness will be
improvedbytheevilconsequences[oftheabsenceofit].’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.8202]8– ImamAli (AS)when reprimanding his companions said, ‘How long should I continue to be
amicablewithyouthewayoneisamicablewithcamelswithahollowhump,ortowornclotheswhichwhenstitchedononesidegivewayontheother…andverilyIknowwhatcanimproveyouandhowtostraightenyourcrookedness,butIshallnotimproveyourconditionbymarringmyself.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Sermon69]
Amity
1-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Movingmountainsiseasierthanbringinghostileheartstogether.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.11,no.70]2-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Thespeedofamitybetweentheheartsofpiouspeoplewhentheymeet
–eveniftheydonotshowtheirmutualloveontheirtongues–islikethespeedoftherainwaterwhenitmixeswiththewaterofrivers.Andthedistancebetweentheheartsofthewickedwhentheymeet–even if theymakeashowof loveon their tongues– is like thedistancebetweenbeasts thatcannothavemutualaffectionnomatterhowlongtheyeatfromthesametrough.’[Tuhafal-`Uqoul,no.373]
ThereisnoGoodinSomeonewhoDoesnotLikeothers,NorIsHeLikedbyThem
3-TheProphet(SAWA)said, ‘Thebestamongyouare theoneswhohave thebestmoral traits,thosewholikeothersandarewell-liked.’[Ibid.no.45]4-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Thebestof thebelieversis theonewhois lovedbythebelievers,
andthereisnogoodtobefoundinsomeonewhodoesnotlikeothersnorishelikedbythem.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.75,p.265,no.9]
AngeristheKeytoAllEvils
1–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Angerisasmoulderingember[kindledby]Satan.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.73,p.265,no.15]2–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Rageisatypeofmadnessbecausetheoneenragedfeelsregretlateron,
andifhedoesnotfeelregret,thenhismadnesshasbecomeingrained.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Saying255]3–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Angeristhekeytoallevils.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.303,no.3]4–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Angerissuchthatitdestroystheheartofeventhewiseman.’[al-Kafi,
v.2,p.305,no.13]
EnjoinmentofControllingOne’sAnger
5–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘ShallItellyouwhoisthetoughestandstrongestfromamongyou?Theonewhocontrolshimselfwhenheisangry.’[Nathral-Durar,v.1,p.183]6–Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,‘Thereisnostrengthlikebeingabletorepelone’sanger.’[Tuhafal-
`Uqoul,no.286]7– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘He who has no control over his anger has no control over his
reason.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.305,no.13]
EnjoinmentofSuppressingOne’sAnger
8– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Verily there is a door to Hell, the entrance into which will bereserved for onewho vented his anger through committing an act of disobedience toAllah,mostHigh.’[Tanbihal-Khawatir,v.1,p.121]9– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘He who curbs his anger, Allah will curb His punishment from
him.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.73,p.263,no.7]10–Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,‘Hewhosuppresseshisangerdespitebeingabletoventit,Allahwill
fillhisheartwithpeaceandsecurityontheDayofResurrection.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.110,no.7]11–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Whatagooddoseangerisforhewhocanswallowit…’[al-Kafi,v.
2,p.109,no.3]
TheRemedyforAnger
12–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘OAli,donotgetangry,andifyoudogetangry,thensitdownandreflectuponthepowerofyourLordoverHiscreationandHisclemencytowardstheminspiteofit.And whenever anyone tells you [condescendingly] to fear Allah, expel your anger and remindyourselfofyourclemency.’[Tuhafal-`Uqoul,no.14]13–ImamAli (AS)said, ‘Remedyyourangerwithsilence,andyourcarnaldesire throughyour
reason.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.5155]
ThePraiseworthinessofAngerfortheSakeofAllah
14–ProphetMoses (AS) [addressedAllah]saying, ‘OLord,whoareyourspecialpeoplewhomYou will shade with the shade of Your Throne on the day when no shade will avail except YourShade?’ So Allah revealed to him, ‘… and those who are angered when the things that I haveprohibitedaredeemedlawful[bypeople],thewayaleopardisangeredwhenitiswounded!’[Wasaelal-Shi`aah,v.11,p.416,no.3]15– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘He (SAWA) [i.e. the Prophet] never used to get angry over worldly
matters,butwhenhedidgetangryforthesakeofthetruth,hewasunrecognisableandnothingcouldrestrainhis angeruntilhehad triumphed inhis case [for the truth].’[al-Mahajjat al-Baydha,v.5,p.303]16– ImamAli (AS) said, ‘Hewho displays his ill-feeling towards the immoral people and gets
angryforthesakeofAllah,Allahwillgetangryforhissakeandwillrenderhimwell-pleasedontheDayofResurrection.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Saying31]
TheRightsofAnimals
1–When theProphet (SAWA)sawashe-camel,whosekneeswere tiedup,carryingher load,hesaid, ‘Where is her owner?Tell him that he should prepare for the lawsuit tomorrow [theDay ofResurrection].’[Biharal-Anwar,v.7,p.276,no.50]2–TheProphet (SAWA) said, ‘VerilyAllah lovesgentleness andHe aids in implementing it, so
whenyouridealeananimal,dismountitattherightplaceforifthelandisbarrenandaridthengetawayfromitandifthelandislushandfertilethendismounttheanimal[andallowittorest].’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.120,no.12]3–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Mounttheseanimalssoundlyandlookafterthemproperlyanddo
nottreatthemaschairsforyourconversationsinthestreetsandthemarkets,formanyridinganimalsarebetter than their riderandaremore rememberingofAllah–BlessedandmostHigh.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.24957]4– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘The animal has six rights over its owner: once the owner has
dismountedtheanimalheshouldallowittograze,heshouldgiveitaccesstowateriftheypassbyit,heshouldnothittheanimalexceptwhenittrulydeservesit,heshouldnotburdenitwithaloadthatitcannotbear,heshouldnotovertaskitwithajourneythatitcannotendureandheshouldnotsitonitforlengthyperiodsoftime.’[Mustadrakal-Wasail,v.8,p.258,no.9393]5–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Donothitanimalsontheirfacesforverilytheypraiseandglorify
Allah.’[al-Kafi,v.6,p.538,no.4]6–TheProphet (SAWA) said, ‘Aprostitutewas forgivenwhen shepassed a pantingdog almost
dyingof thirstat thefootofawell,wherebyshe tookoffhershoeandtied it toherheadscarfandlowereditintothewelltoextractwater[forthedog],andforthatactionshewasforgiven.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.43116]7–TheProphet (SAWA) said, ‘No animal, including a bird or any other kind, is killed unjustly
except that itwill raise a complaint against him [the killer] on theDay ofResurrection.’[Kanz al-`Ummal,no.39968]8–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Whoeverkillsasparrowinvain,itwillcryouttoAllahagainsthim
ontheDayofResurrectionsaying,‘OmyLord,soandsokilledmeinvainanddidnotkillmeforanyusefulpurpose.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.39971]9– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘If the oppression that you have committed towards animals is
forgivenforyou, then[realize that]youhavebeenforgivena lot [ofyoursins].’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.24973]10–TheProphet(SAWA)said, ‘AreyounotGodwarywithrespect to thisanimal thatAllahhas
allowedyoutopossess?!Becauseverilyithascomplainedtomethatyoukeepithungryandtireitout.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.24982]11– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘May the curse of Allah be on the one who treats an animal
harshly.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.24971]12– Ibn `Abbas narrates, ‘The Prophet (SAWA) forbade the killing of any living thing unless it
causesharm.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.39981]13–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Verilyawomanwaschastisedforthefactthatshetiedupacatand
leftittillitdiedofthirst.’[Makarimal-Akhlaq,v.1,p.280,no.864]
1–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Wherethereareseveralanswers,thecorrectonewillremainhidden.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Saying243]2–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Sometimeseventheeloquentfailstocomeupwithananswer.’[Ghuraral-
Hikam,no.5378]3–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Hewhorushestogiveanswerswillnotperceivethetruth.’[Ibid.no.8640]4–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Oneoftheproofsofvirtueisgivingcorrectanswers.’[Ibid.no.9417]5–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Leavesharpnessandreflectinsteadontheargument,andavoididletalkin
ordertobesafefromerror.’[Ibid.no.5136]6–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Ifyouremainclementwiththeignorant,yougivehimindeedanadequate
answer.’[Ibid.no.4104]7–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Manyaspeechisansweredbysilence.’[Ibid.no.5303]8– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘He who answers regarding all that is asked is mad.’[Ma`ani al-
Akhbar,p.238,no.2]
ThoseWhomAllahDespises
1-TheProphet (SAWA)said, ‘Allahdespises theadulterousoldman, thewealthyoppressor, thearrogant pauper, and the persistent beggar;He nullifies the reward of the bragging doner, and hehatestheblatantlyinsolentliar.’[Tuhafal-`Uqoul,no.42]2–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Allah,theExalted,despisesanyonewhoisknowledgeableaboutthis
world,butignorantabouttheHereafter.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,28982]3– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Allah despises anyone who is ill-mannered, swaggering [in his
gait], frequenting the markets, a corpse by night, [sleeping] like a donkey during the day,knowledgeableaboutthisworld,butignorantabouttheHereafter.’[‘UyounAkhbaral-Ridha(AS),v.2,p.28,no.24]4– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Allah despises a man who does not fight intruders in his
home.’[Ibid.no.43679]5- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Allah, the Exalted, despises the insolent man who is audacious [in
committing]actsofdisobedience.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.3437]6-ImamAli(AS)said,‘TheProphet(SAWA)usedtosay,‘Allahdespisestheonewhofrownsat
thefacesofhisbrethren.’[Mustadrakal-Wasail,v.8,p.321,no.9552]7-Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,‘Allahdespisesthevilepersonwhodisplayshisvicespublicly.’[Bihar
al-Anwar,v.71,p.383,no.17]
ThePeopleAllahDespisesMost
8-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘ThreepeoplethatAllahdespisesmostare:amanwhosleepsalotinthedaywithouthavingwokenuptoprayatnight,amanwhoeatsalotwithoututteringthenameofAllah or praisingHimupon starting to eat, and amanwho laughs a lotwithout reason.’[Kanz al-`Ummal,no.21431]9– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Three people that Allah despises most are: an atheist in the
Sanctuary[ofMakkah],amanwhoseeksthepre-IslamicpaganpracticeintheeraIslam,andamanwhoseekstoshedanother ’sbloodwithoutanyjustcause.’[Ibid.no.43833]10–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Themostdespised,byAllah,fromamongyouarethosewhoroam
aboutgossipingandseparatingbrothers,andseekingoutflawsininnocentpeople.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.71,p.383,no.17]11– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘The most despised by Allah, the Exalted, from among His
creaturesisthescholarwhofrequentstherulers.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.28985]12–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Verilythemostdespicablefromamongyoutomeandthefarthest
awayfrommeontheDayofJudgmentaretheprattlers,thepretentious,andthemutafayhiqoun.’Hewas asked, ‘O Messenger of Allah! Who are the mutafayhiqoun?’ He said, ‘Those who arearrogant.’[Ibid.no.43833]13-ImamAli(AS)said,‘ThepersonmostdespisedbyAllahfromamongallHiscreaturesisthe
backbiter.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.3128]14- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The person most despised by Allah, the Exalted, from among His
creaturesis theonewhosegreatestconcernsare[satingtheappetiteof]hisstomachandhisprivateparts.’[Ibid.no.3294]15-ImamAli(AS)said,‘ThepersonmostdespisedbyAllah,theExalted,istheignorantone.’[Ibid.
no.3359]16–ImamAli(AS)said,‘ThemostdespisedofcreaturesinthesightofAllahisamanwhogathers
scatteredpiecesofknowledge,deceiving[people]inthedarknessofchaos,andblindedtowhatlieshiddenintranquility.Hispeersfromamongthepeoplecallhimascholar,buthehimselfhasneverbenefitedonefulldayfromhisknowledge.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.44220]17- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The person most despised by Allah, the Exalted, is the overbearing
scholar.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.3164]18-Imamal-Baqir(AS)narrated,‘Moses(AS)said,‘OLord!WhodoYoudespisethemostfrom
amongYourservants?’Hereplied,‘Theonewho[sleepslike]acorpsebynightandisidleduringtheday.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.76,p.180,no.8]19-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘ThepersonmostdespisedfromamongAllah’screaturesisaman
whose[sharp]tonguepeoplearewaryof.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.323,no.4]
ActsDespisedByAllah
20-TheProphet (SAWA) said, ‘Nothing ismore despisedbyAllah than a full stomach.’[UyounAkhbaral-Ridha(AS),v.2,p.36,no.89]21-TheProphet(SAWA)saidtothearchangelGabriel,‘WhichplaceismostdespisedbyAllah?’
Hesaid,‘Themarketplaces,andthemostdespisedfromamongthosewhofrequentthemishewhoisthefirsttoenterandthelasttoleave.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.84,p.4,no.76]22-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Allahdespisesexcessivesleepandexcessiveidleness.’[Ibid.v.76,p.
180,no.10]23-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘ThreethingsdeservetheantipathyofAllah,theExalted:[excessive]
sleepingwithoutnight-vigil,laughingwithoutacause,andeatingonafullstomach.’[al-Khisal,p.89,no.25]24-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Amanfrom[thetribeof]Khath`amcametotheProphet(SAWA),
asking,‘WhichdeedsarethemostdespisedbyAllah,theExalted?’TheProphetreplied,‘AssociatinganyonewithAllah.’Themanasked, ‘Thenwhat?’Hesaid, ‘Cuttingoffone’skin.’Themanasked,‘Thenwhat?’Hesaid,‘Enjoiningevilandforbiddingwhatisgood.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.290,no.4]25- Imam al-Rida (AS) said, ‘Allah, theExalted, despises gossip,wastingmoney, and persistent
begging.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.335,no.16]
Malice
26-TheProphet (SAWA)said, ‘Youhavebeen sneakeduponby theplagueofpreviousnations:jealousyandmalice.’[Ma`anial-Akhbar,p.367,no.1]27- Imamal-Sadiq (AS)said, ‘Three thingsbringaboutmalice:hypocrisy,oppression,andself-
admiration.’[Tuhafal-`Uqoul,no.316]
WarningAgainstAnxiety
1-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Allahdeteststwosounds:[thesoundof]wailingatacatastrophe,and[thesoundof]afluteinthetimeofprosperity.’[Tuhafal-`Uqoul,no.40]2-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Bewareofanxiety,foritcutsoffhope,weakensaction,andbringssorrow.
Andknowthatthewayout[oftrouble]liesintwothings:resourcefulnesswhereastratagemexists,andperseverancewhereverstratagemsfail.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.82,p.144,no.29]3-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Overcomeanxietywithpatience,foranxietyerases[Allah’s]rewardand
augmentsthecatastrophe.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.2527]4-ImamAli(AS),uponhearingtheweepingofwomenforthedeadkilledinthebattleofSiffin,
said, ‘Do yourwomen prevail over you fromwhat I can hear?! Can you not prohibit them frommakingthisdin?!’[Nahjal-Balagha,Saying322]5- Imamal-Baqir (AS) said, ‘Theworst expressionofgrief is screamingandwailingwith loud
cries,beatingone’sfaceandchest,tearingoutone’shair;andamanwhotakesupwailingisamanwhohasabandonedpatience.’[Musakkinal-Fu’ad,p.99]6-Imamal-Kazim(AS)said,‘Thecatastropheisbutasingleoneforthepatientman,andtwofor
theanxiousone.’[Tuhafal-`Uqoul,no.414]
TheVirtueofAsceticism
1–TheProphet (SAWA)said, 'PeoplecannotworshipAllahwithanythingbetter thanasceticismfromworldlypleasures.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.70,p.322]2–ImamAli(AS)said,'AsceticismisthedistinguishingcharacteristicofGodwarypeopleandthe
naturaldispositionofthosewhoturntoAllah.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.1713]3– ImamAli (AS) said, 'Verily among thequalities thatgreatlydevelopone’s faith is abstention
fromworldlypleasures.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.128,no.3]4–Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,'InoneofHisconversationswithProphetMoses(AS),Allahtoldhim
thefollowing,'…thosewhoseektoadornthemselves[forMe]havenobetterapparelthanabstentionfromtheworldlypleasuresthattheyfindindispensable.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.13,p.349,no.37]5–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,'Allgoodnesshasbeenplacedinonehouse,anditskeyisasceticism
andrestraintfromworldlypleasures.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.73,p.49,no.20]
TheRealMeaningofAsceticism
6–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Asceticismfromworldlypleasuresmeanstocutshortone’shopesof thisworld, to begrateful for every singlebounty, to havepiety and tokeep away fromall thatwhichAllahhasprohibited.’[Tuhafal-`Uqoul,no.58]7–TheProphet(SAWA)said,'Asceticismisnottoprohibitoneselfthatwhichisallowed.Ratherit
istofindthatwhichiswithAllahmoresecurethanthatwhichisinone'sownpossession.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.77,p.172,no.8]8–ImamAli(AS)said,'AsceticismissummedupbetweentwophrasesintheQur ’an,whereAllah,
mostHigh,says,"Sothatyoumaynotgrieveforwhathasescapedyou,norbeexultantatwhatHehasgiven you.” Therefore, one who neither grieves about past losses nor is overjoyed about thepossessionsheisgrantedhasperfectedhisasceticismfrombothsides.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.70,p.317,no.23]9–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,'AsceticismisthekeytothedooroftheHereafterandimmunityfrom
theFire, and it is to abandonall those things thatpreoccupyyou fromAllah,neither experiencingregret upon their loss, nor self-admiration for having abandoned them, nor awaiting deliverancefrom them, nor seeking praise on account of them, and nor anything else in exchange for them.Ratheryouseetheirlossasasourceofcomfortandtheirpresenceasasourceofmisfortune,suchthatyouconsistentlyrunawayfrommisfortuneandseekrefugeincomfort.’[Biharal-Anwar,p.315,no.20]
QualitiesoftheOneWhoPracticesAsceticism
10–ImamAli(AS)said,'Theonewhopracticesasceticismfromworldlypleasuresissuchthatheneither allows the prohibited things to overcome his perseverance [in the way of Allah], nor thepermissiblethingstodistracthimfromgratefulnesstoAllah.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.37,no.3]11–ImamAli(AS)said,'Thosewhorestrainthemselvesfromworldlypleasuresaresuchthattheir
hearts are weeping though outwardly they may laugh, they experience great sorrow though theydisplay joy, and they are filled with self-contempt though they rejoice at all that they have beenbestowed.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Sermon113]12– Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when asked to define the ascetic, said, 'The ascetic is the one who
renouncesthepermissiblethingsinthisworldforfearofhavingtoaccountforthem,andrenouncestheforbiddenthingsofthisworldforfearofpunishmentforthem.’[`AuyounAkhbaral-Ridha(AS),v.2,p.52,no.199]13–Imamal-Rida(AS),whenaskedaboutthequalitiesoftheascetic,replied,'Hemanagestostill
his hungerwithout pursuit of food, he iswell-prepared forhis death, andwearyofhis life in thisworld.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.349,no.6]
FactorsthatElicitAsceticism
14–ImamAli(AS)said,'Thepersonbestabletopracticeabstemiousnessishewhounderstandstheinferiorityofthisworldlylife.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.3209]15–ImamAli(AS)said, 'Howcanonerenouncethepleasuresof thisworldwhenhehasnotyet
fathomedtheworthoftheHereafter?!’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.6987]16– Imamal-Baqir (AS)said, 'Rememberdeath frequently, fornosoonerdoesman increasehis
remembranceofdeaththanhebeginstorenouncethisworld'slife.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.73,p.64,no.31]17–Imamal-Kazim(AS)oncesaidwhilestandingatagraveside,‘Indeedsomethingthatendswith
this[i.e.death]isworthyofitsbeginningbeingspentinabstemiousness.Andindeedsomethingthatbeginswiththisisworthyofitsendbeingfearedwithapprehension.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.320,no.9]18– Imam al-`Aaskari (AS) said, 'If the inhabitants of this world used their intellect, the world
wouldself-destruct[foritwouldceasetobeofanyimportance].’[Biharal-Anwar,p.377,no.3]
TheBenefitsofAsceticism
19–TheProphet(SAWA)said,'Abstainingfromthevainpleasuresofthisworldputstheheartandthe body at rest,whereas longing for them exhausts the heart and the body.’[Kanz al-`Ummal, no.6060]20–ImamAli(AS)said, 'Hewhorenouncesthisworldlylife,neitherconcerninghimselfwithits
basenessnorvyingforitsglory,AllahrewardshimwithagiftthatisunobtainablethroughanyofHiscreatures, grants him knowledge without the need for learning, secures wisdom in his heart andmakesitflowuponhistongue.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.63,no.155]21– ImamAli (AS) said, 'Abstain from the vain pleasures of this world and divinemercy will
descenduponyou.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.2275]22–ImamAli(AS)said,'Abstainingfromthevainpleasuresofthisworldisthegreatestsourceof
comfort.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.1316]23– Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS) said, 'He who renounces the world's vain pleasures finds its
afflictionstrivialandisnotbotheredbythemasaresult.’[Tuhafal-`Uqoul,no.281]24–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,'Itisforbiddenforyourheartsthattheyshouldtastethesweetnessof
faithuntilandunlesstheyabstainfromthepleasuresofthisworld.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.63,no.155]
TheMostAbstemiousofPeople
25–TheProphet(SAWA)said,'Themostabstemiousofpeopleishewhorenouncestheprohibitedthings.’[Amalial-Saduq,p.27,no.4]26– ImamAli (AS) said, 'Do not be of those who try to secure the Hereafter bymeans of the
worldlylife…theydisparagethisworldusingasceticterms,yetactlikethosewhocovetit.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.68,no.16]27– ImamAli (AS) said, 'The best level of asceticism is to conceal one's asceticism.’[Nahj al-
Balagha,Saying28]28–ImamAli(AS)said,'Whenanabstemiouspersonfleesfrompeople,seekafterhim,andwhen
heseeksafterpeople,fleefromhim.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,nos.3078-3079]29– ImamZayn al-Abidin (AS) said, 'Allah says, 'O son ofAdam, be satisfiedwithwhat I have
givenyouandyouwillbeamongthemostabstemiousofpeople.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.139,no.22]30–Imamal-Kazim(AS)said, 'Verilyhewho ismostpersevering in the faceofadversity is the
mostabstemiousfromamongyou.’[Biharal-Anwar,p.308,no.1]
Assurance
1-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Ifamantrustsyouwithhisblood[i.e. thatyouwillsparehislife]thendonotkillhim.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.10909]2–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Whenamanassuresanotherofsparinghislifeandthenkillshim,
[knowthat]Irenouncethekiller,evenifthevictimisanunbeliever.’[Ibid.no.10930]
AdheringToSureties
3- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Adhere to sureties [that you are liable for] in all firmness.’[Nahj al-Balagha,Saying155]4- ImamAli (AS) said, in his epistle toMÁlik al-Ashtar: ‘And if youmake a covenant between
yourselfandyourenemyorgivehimasurety[againstlifeorproperty],thenstandbyyourpactwithloyaltyandobserveyourliabilitywithtrustworthiness.Makeyourselftheshieldforyourword,forthereisnothingfromAllah’smandatesthatallpeopleagreeupon,despitetheirdiverseopinionsoneverything else, as much as they do with regards to respecting the fulfilment of covenants.’[Ibid.Letter53]
RespectingCovenantsofProtection
5-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Itisuptomycommunitytoprotectthosewhoareunderthem[i.e.non-MuslimslivinginMuslimlands][Thisreferstothefreenon-MuslimsubjectslivinginMuslimlandswho,inreturnforpayingthecapitaltax,enjoyedprotectionandsafetytherein(ed.)].’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.10932]6–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘TheMuslimsarebrothers,theirbloodisco-equal,thoseunderthem
strivetosecuretheirprotection,andtheyarelikeonehandagainsttheirenemy.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.100,p.46,no.6]
ProhibitionofBackbiting
1–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘OnthenightthatIwastakenonmyNight-Journey[totheheavens],Ipassedbyagroupofpeoplescratchingtheirownfaceswiththeirnails,soIasked,‘OGabriel,whoare thesepeople?’sohereplied, ‘Thesearepeoplewhobackbitaboutotherpeopleanddisparagedtheirreputations.’[Tanbihal-Khawatir,v.1,p.115]2–TheProphet (SAWA) said, ‘Backbiting isworse than adultery’, atwhichhewas asked, ‘How
so?’He replied, ‘Amancommitsadultery, then repents, andAllahpardonshim for it,whereas thebackbiterisnotforgivenuntilhisvictimforgiveshim.’[al-Targhibwaal-Tarhib,v.3,p.511,no.24]3– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Backbiting is the attempt of one who is incapable [of doing better
himself].’[Nahjal-Balagha,Saying461]4– Imam al-Husayn (AS) said to amanwhowas backbiting about aman in his presence, ‘Stop
backbiting,forverilyitisthefoodofthedogsofHell.’[Tuhafal-`Uqoul,no.245]5–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Donotbackbitelestyoubecomeavictimofbackbiting,anddonot
digaholeforyourbrother lestyoufall in ityourself, foryouwillbepaidbackwhateveryouputin.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.75,p.249,no.16]6–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)narrated,‘AmanoncecameandtoldAlib.al-Husayn(AS)[i.e.ImamZayn
al-Abidin],‘Verilyxhassaidthatyouareastrayandthatyouareaninnovator!’SoAlib.al-Husayn(AS)saidtohim,‘Neitherhaveyouobservedtherightofthemanyousatwithbytransmittingtouswhat he spoke about, nor have you observed my right by informing me of something about mybrotherwhichIwouldnothaveknown!…BewareofbackbitingforverilyitisthefoodofthedogsofHell,andknowthatwhoeverfrequentlytalksaboutpeople’sfaults,thefrequencyofhisbackbitingis a witness [to the fact] that he only finds faults in others according to the extent present inhimself.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.75,p.246,no.8]
BackbitingandFaith
7–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Backbitingeatsawayataman’sfaithfasterthanagangrenoussorecaneatawaytotheinside.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.357,no.1]8–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘WhoeverbackbitesafellowMuslimmanorwoman,Allahneither
accepts his prayer nor his fasting for forty days and nights, until and unless the victim of hisbackbitingforgiveshim.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.75,p.258,no.53]9–TheProphet(SAWA)said, ‘OntheDayofResurrection,amanwillbebroughtforth tostand
beforeAllah, andhisbookofdeedswillbepresented tohim,andhewillnot seeanyofhisgooddeedstherein,uponwhichhewillexclaim,‘MyGod,thisisnotmybook!ForverilyIdonotseeanyofmy acts of obedience therein?!’Sohewill be told, ‘Verily yourLordneither loses nor forgets[deeds], but your deeds have gone because of your backbiting people.’ Then anothermanwill bebrought forth, and will be presented his book of deeds, and he will see many acts of obediencerecordedtherein,andwillexclaim,‘MyGod, this isnotmybook!ForverilyIdidnotperformalltheseactsofobedience!’andhewillbetold,‘Itisbecausesoandsobackbityou,sohisdeedshavebeentransferredtoyou.’[Jami`aal-Akhbar,p.412,no.1144]
TheMeaningofBackbiting
10– The Prophet (SAWA) said to Abu Dharr, ‘O Abu Dharr, beware of backbiting, for verilybackbitingisworsethanadultery…’[AbuDharrnarrates],Iasked,‘OProphetofAllah,andwhatisbackbiting?’ to which he replied, ‘Your mentioning something about your fellow brother that hewouldnotlike.’Iasked,‘OProphetofAllah,andwhatifthethingmentionedabouthimwasactuallytrueabouthim?’sohereplied,‘Knowthatifyousaysomethingabouthimthatistruethenyouhaveindeedbackbitabouthim,andifyouwhatyouhavesaidisnottrue,thenyouhaveindeedslanderedhim.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.77,p.89,no.3]11–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Backbitingis tosaysomethingaboutyourbrother thathewould
notlike.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.8024]12–`Aamrb.Shu’aybnarrated,ontheauthorityofhisfather,ontheauthorityofhisgrandfather,
thatsomepeoplespokeaboutamaninthepresenceoftheProphet(SAWA),saying,‘Hedoesnoteatunlessheisfed,anddoesnotgooutunlessamountismadereadyforhim.’SotheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Youhavetalkedabouthimbehindhisback’towhichtheyreplied,‘OProphetofAllah,wehaveonlysaidwhatistrue!’soheexclaimed,‘Itisbadenoughtotalkaboutyourbrotherregardingwhatistrue[letalonewhatisfalse]!’[al-Targhibwaal-Tarhib,v.3,p.506,no.13]13–Imamal-Kazim(AS)said,‘Hewhotalksaboutsomeonebehindhisback,mentioningwhatis
trueabouthim,andwhatpeoplealreadyknow, thenhehasnotbackbitabouthim,whereashewhotalksaboutsomeonebehindhisbackaboutsomethingthatistruebutthatpeopledonotknowabout,thenhehasbackbitabouthim.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.358,no.6]
PeoplewhomoneisallowedtoBackbite
14–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Fourtypesofpeoplearesuchthattalkingaboutthembehindtheirbacks is not considered backbiting: the immoral person who makes a public display of hisimmorality;thedishonestleaderwho,evenifyouweretobegoodtowouldnotappreciateyouandifyouweretobebadtowouldnotforgiveyou;thosewhojokeabouttheir[andothers’]mothers;andonewhoisadissenter,whodefamesmycommunity,anddrawshisswordagainstit.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.75,p.261,no.64]15–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Untilwhenwillyousidesteptalkingabouttheimpudentperson?!
Disgrace him [through disclosing his insolent acts] so that people may be on their guard againsthim.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.8074]
ListeningtoBackbiting
16–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Theonewholistenstobackbitingisas[badas]thebackbiter.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.1171]17–ImamAli (AS)sawamanbackbitingsomeone in thepresenceofhisson,al-Hasan(AS), to
whomhe said, ‘Omy son, steer your hearing clear of such a person, for verily he took themostrepulsivethingfromhismindandpoureditintoyours!’[al-Ikhtisas,p.225]18–ImamZaynal-Abidin(AS)said,‘Therightoftheearsistokeepthempurefromlisteningto
backbiting,andfromthatwhichisunlawfultolistento.’[al-Khisal,p.566,no.1]
TheRewardforDeterringBackbiting
19–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Whoeverdoesagoodservicetohisfellowbrotherbydeterringpeoplefromtalkingbehindhisbackinagatheringwherehehearsthembackbitinghim,AllahwillrepelfromhimathousandtypesofevilinthisworldaswellasintheHereafter.’[Amalial-Saduq,p.350]20– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘He inwhose presence a fellowMuslim brother is talked about
behindhisback,andwhodoesnotdefendhimdespitehavingtheabilitytodoso,AllahdisgraceshiminthisworldaswellasintheHereafter.’[al-Faqih,v.4,p.372]
ThePenanceforBackbiting
21–TheProphet (SAWA)wasaskedabout thepenanceforbackbiting, towhichhereplied, ‘YoumustseekAllah’sforgivenessonbehalfoftheoneyouhavetalkedabouteverytimeyourememberhim.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.357,no.4]22–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Whenoneofyoubackbitesabouthisfellowbrother,hemustseek
forgivenessfromAllahforthatispenanceforit.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.8037]
1- The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘The bane of humour is lack of shame; the bane of courage isaggression; the bane of generosity is mentioning one’s favors to others; the bane of beauty isarrogance; thebaneofworship isabeyance; thebaneof speech is lying; thebaneofknowledge isforgetfulness;thebaneofwisdomisfoolishness;thebaneofgoodlineageispride;andthebaneofliberalityiswastefulness.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.44091]2-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Thebaneofreligionisdesire.’[Ibid.no.44121]3-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Foreverythingthereisabane:thebaneofknowledgeisforgetfulness;the
baneofworshipisshowing-off;thebaneoftheconscienceisself-admiration;thebaneoflineageispride; the bane of humor is lack of shame; the bane of liberality is wastefulness; the bane ofbashfulness is weakness; the bane of clemency is submissiveness; and the bane of stamina isdegeneracy.’[Ibid.no.44226]4-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Cowardlinessisanaffliction.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.89]5-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Desireisthebaneofthehearts.’[Ibid.no.314]6-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneoffaithisidolatry.’[Ibid.no.3915]7-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofcertaintyisdoubt.’[Ibid.no.3916]8-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofbountyisingratitude.’[Ibid.no.3917]9-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofobedienceis[theensuing]disobedience.’[Ibid.no.3918]10-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofgoodlineageispride.’[Ibid.no.3919]11-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofclevernessisdeception.’[Ibid.no.3920]12-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofworshipisshowing-off.’[Ibid.no.3921]13- ImamAli (AS)said, ‘Thebaneofgenerosity ismentioningone’s favors toothers.’[Ibid.no.
3923]14-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofreligionissuspicion.’[Ibid.no.3924]15-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneoftheintellectisdesire.’[Ibid.no.3925]16-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Theobstaclesoffatearethebaneofglory.’[Ibid.no.3922]17-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofthesoulisinfatuationwiththisworld.’[Ibid.no.3926]18-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofcounselisthecontradictionofopinions.’[Ibid.no.3927]19-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thedownfallofkingsisbadconduct.’[Ibid.no.3928]20-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thedownfallofministersisacorruptheart.’[Ibid.no.3929]21-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Theruinationofscholarsistheloveofleadership.’[Ibid.no.3930]22-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thedownfallofrulersisweakmanagement.’[Ibid.no.3931]23- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The ruination of soldiers is disobeying their commanders.’[Ibid. no.
3932]24-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneoftrainingisthetriumphof[one’s]habit.’[Ibid.no.3933]25-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Theruinationofsubjectsisabandoningobedience.’[Ibid.no.3934]26-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofpietyislackofcontentment.’[Ibid.no.3935]27-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thedownfallofjudgesisgreed.’[Ibid.no.3936]28-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thedownfalloftheuprightislackofpiety.’[Ibid.no.3937]29-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Theruinofabravemanisthelossofresolve.’[Ibid.no.3938]30- ImamAli (AS) said, ‘The downfall of the strongman is underestimating the foe.’[Ibid. no.
3939]31-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofclemencyissubmissiveness.’[Ibid.no.3940]32-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofgivingisprocrastination.’[Ibid.no.3941]33-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofeconomyisparsimony.’[Ibid.no.3942]34-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofaweishumor.’[Ibid.no.3943]35-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofthequestisfailure.’[Ibid.no.3944]36-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofsovereigntyislackofprotection.’[Ibid.no.3945]
37-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofpactsislackofcompliance.’[Ibid.no.3946]38-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofruleispride.’[Ibid.no.3950]39-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofnarrationislying.’[Ibid.no.3947]40-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofknowledgeisnotputtingitintopractice.’[Ibid.no.3948]41-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofworkisabandoningsincerity.’[Ibid.no.3949]42-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofgenerosityispoverty.’[Ibid.no.3951]43-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Theruinofordinarypeopleisatreacherousscholar.’[Ibid.no.3952]44-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofjusticeisapowerfuloppressor.’[Ibid.no.3953]45-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofcivilizationisthetyrannyofrulers.’[Ibid.no.3954]46-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofpowerisblockingkinddeeds.’[Ibid.no.3955]47-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneoftheheartisself-admiration.’[Ibid.no.3956]48-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneoftalkingislying.’[Ibid.no.3957]49-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofworksistheincompetenceofworkers.’[Ibid.no.3958]50-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofhopeisthearrivalofdeath.’[Ibid.no.3959]51-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofloyaltyisbetrayal.’[Ibid.no.3960]52-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofresolveisthepassageofopportunity.’[Ibid.no.3961]53-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneoftrustistreachery.’[Ibid.no.3962]54-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Theruinofthejuristsislackofpiety.’[Ibid.no.3963]55-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofliberalityissquandering.’[Ibid.no.3964]56-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Theruinoflivelihoodislackofprudence[inspending].’[Ibid.no.3965]57-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofspeechislengthyelaboration.’[Ibid.no.3966]58-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofwealthismiserliness.’[Ibid.no.3969]59-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofhopeisdeath.’[Ibid.no.3970]60-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofgoodnessisacorruptcompanion.’[Ibid.no.3971]61-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofpowerisaggressionandtyranny.’[Ibid.no.3972]62- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The fountainhead of all afflictions is infatuation with vain
pleasures.’[Ibid.no.5244]63-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Theworstafflictionoftheintellectisarrogance.’[Ibid.no.5752]* The Arabic word Áfa means ‘bane’ when translated as accurately as possible into English,
denoting something that is a constant source of misery or annoyance for something else, orsomethingthatcausesthedownfallorruinofsomethingelse,thoughithasbeentranslateddifferentlyaccording to its various contexts in this chapter, where it may denote an affliction in itself, or amisfortuneorplague(ed.)
TheBathhouse
1– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The best of houses is the bathhouse for in it the Fire [of Hell] isrememberedand[bodily]dirtisremoved.’[al-Faqih,v.1,p.115,no.237]2–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Threethingscauseweightgainandthreeotherscauseweightloss.As
for those that cause weight gain – excessive use of the bathhouse, smelling sweet fragrance andwearingsoftclothing.Andasfor those thatcauseweight loss, theyare:eatingtoomanyeggs,fishandunripedates.’[al-Khisal,p.155,no.194]3–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Threethingsdestroythebodyandmayevenkillit:eating[cooked]
meatthathasbeenleftovernight,enteringthebathhouseafterovereatingandhavingintercoursewiththeelderly.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.76,p.75,no.19]4– Imamal-Sadiq (AS)said, ‘Donotenter thebathhouseexceptafteryouhaveputsomething in
yourbellythatwillcooltheheatofthestomachforthatstrengthensyourbody.Anddonotenterthebathhousewithafullstomach.’[Makarimal-Akhlaq,v.1,p.125,no.298]5–Imamal-Kazim(AS)said,‘Goingtothebathhouseeveryalternatedaycausesweightgain,and
goingeverydaycausesthefataroundthekidneystomeltaway.’[Makarimal-Akhlaq,v.1,p.126,no.303]
AllahisBeautifulandHeLovesBeauty
1-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Allah,mostHigh,isbeautifulandHelovesbeauty.AndHelikestosee the evidence of His bounty on His servant. He loathes misery and pretending to bemiserable.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.17166]2-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘AllahlikesforHisservant,whenheleavestomeethisbrothers,to
dresshimselfwellandtobeautifyhimself.’[Makarimal-Akhlaq,v.1,p.85,no.1]3-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Eachoneofyoushouldtrimhismoustacheandthehairsinhisnose
andheshouldgroomhimselfforthisenhanceshisbeauty.’[Qurbal-Isnad,p.67,no.215]4- Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said, ‘Dressupandbeautifyyourself, forAllah isbeautifulandHeloves
beauty;andmakesureitislawful[beautification].’[Wasaelal-Shi`aah,v.3,p.340,no.4]
TheBeautifulImage
5-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Thebaneofbeautyisvanity.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.77,p.59,no.3]6-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Thebestthinggiventoabelieverisgoodcharacter,andtheworst
thinggiventoamanisacorruptheartinabeautifulfigure.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.5170]7-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Lookforgoodnessinpeoplewithbeautifulfacesfortheirdeedsare
morelikelytobegood.’[`UyounAkhbaral-Ridha(AS),v.2,p.74,no.344]8-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebeautyofabeliever ’sfaceisasignofAllah’scareforhim.’[Ghurar
al-Hikam,no.4848]
HonoringOne’sHair
9-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘BeautifulhairispartofAllah’sdressing[foryou],somakesuretohonourit.’[Wasaelal-Shi`aah,v.1,p.432,no.2]10-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Whoeverkeepshishairlongshouldcareforitwell,otherwise,he
mustcutit.’[Ibid.no.1]
InnerBeauty
11-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Beautyisinthetongue.’[Tuhafal-`Uqoul,no.37]12-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Thereisnobeautybetterthantheintellect.’[Nahjal-Sa`ada,v.1,p.
51]13-TheProphet (SAWA)said, ‘There isnoclothingmorebeautiful thangoodhealth.’[Biharal-
Anwar,v.77,p.381,no.5]14-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Allah,theExalted,placedthebeautyofwomaninherfaceandofmanin
hisspeech.’[Ibid.v.71,p.293,no.63]15-Imamal-`Askari(AS)said,‘Physicalbeautyistheouterbeauty,andthebeautyoftheintellectis
innerbeauty.’[A`alamal-Din,no.313]
Betrayal
1–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Donotbetraytheonewhobetraysyoulestyoubelikehim.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.103,p.175,no.3]2–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Theonewhobetrayshistrustisnotfromus.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.75,
p.172,no.14]3–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Betrayalisthefountainheadofhypocrisy.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.969]4–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Thebelieverisnaturallydisposedtoallthetraitsexceptbetrayaland
lying.’[al-Ikhtisas,p.231]5–Mu’awiyahb.`Ammarnarrated,‘IaskedImamal-Sadiq(AS),‘IfIentrustsomemoneywitha
man and he denies that I entrusted himwith anything, and then he [in the future] entrustsmewithmoney,canIkeepthatmoney[tomakeupforthemoneythathetookfromme]?Imamal-Sadiq(AS)replied,‘No,thatisbetrayal.’[Nural-Thaqalayn,v.2,p.144,no.68]6– AbU Thumama narrated: ‘I came to Imam al-Sadiq (AS) and said to him, ‘May I be your
ransom!IamamanwhowishestogotoMakkahbutIhaveanoverduedebtsocanyoupleaseadviseme?’TheImam(AS)replied, ‘PayyourdebtandfocusonmeetingyourLordwithoutanydebtonyourshoulders,forverilyabelieverdoesnotbetray[histrust].’[`AIlalal-Sharai`a,p.528,no.7]
ExplanationofBetrayalandtheBetrayer
7–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Disclosingthesecretofyourbrotherisbetrayal,sokeepawayfromthat.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.77,p.89,no.3]8–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Asforthesignsofthebetrayer,therearefour:disobediencetothe
All-Beneficent, disturbance to neighbours, loathing his associates, and being close to tyranny andoppression.’[Tuhafal-`Uqoul]9–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebetrayeristheonewhobusieshimselfwith[theaffairsof]othersand
histodayisworsethanhisyesterday.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.2013]10–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Whoeverfromamongourcompanionsseeksassistancefromone
ofhisbrothers,whodoesnotexercisehis fullefforts [in trying tohelphim], thenhehasbetrayedAllahandHismessengerandthebelievers.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.75,p.175,no.7]11–Imamal-Jawad(AS)said,‘Itissufficientforsomeonetobeclassifiedasabetrayerifheisthe
trusteeofadisloyalperson.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.364,no.4]
ThePeakofBetrayal
12–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thepeakofbetrayalisdisloyaltytoabelovedfriendandthebreakingofvows.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.6374]13–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Oneoftheworstformsofbetrayalisbeingdisloyalwiththingsentrusted
inone’spossession.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.931]14–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Verilytheworstbetrayalisthebetrayalofthe[religious]community,and
themostrepulsivedeceitisthatoftheleaders.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Letter26]
TheBlessed
1-Imamal-Sadiq(AS),withregardstotheverse:“Hehasmademeblessed,whereverImaybe”,said,‘[Blessedmeans]verybeneficial[toothers].’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.165,no.11]
ThatWhichBringsBlessingAndThatWhichRemovesIt
2-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Weighyourfood,forthereisblessinginweighedfood.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.9434]3–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Blessingconsistsoftenparts:ninepartsarecontainedintrade[i.e.
workingtoearnone’sliving]andthetenthpart liesinendurance.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.103,p.5,no.13]4–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Fourthings,ofwhichevenifonlyoneentersahouse,itwilldestroy
itsuchthatitwillneveragainbeabletoflourishthroughblessing:betrayal,theft,wine-drinking,andadultery.’[Ibid.v.79,p.19,no.4]5-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Blessingsaremultipliedwithjustice.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.4211]6-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Whencrimesprevail,blessingsareliftedaway.’[Ibid.no.4030]
Bribery
1–TheProphet(SAWA)said,'Bewareofbriberyforverilyitissheerinfidelity,andthebriberwillnotevensmellthefragranceofParadise.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.104,p.274,no.12]2– The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Allah's curse is on the briber, the bribed, and the agent between
them.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.1508]3–ImamAli(AS)said,'Theruinofyourpredecessorslayinthefactthattheydeprivedpeopleof
theirrightsandsubsequentlyresortedtobuyingthemback,andtheyhandledpeopleusingunethicalmeans,whichtheyfollowed.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Letter79]4–ImamAli(AS)said,'Youknowfullwellthathewhoisinchargeofhonour,people'slives,war
booty,legalcommandmentsandtheleadershipoftheMuslimsmustnotbeamiser…norshouldheacceptbribeswhilstgoverningforhewouldforfeittheirrights,andbasehisrulingsuponthem[thebribes]ratherthanproperjudgment.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Sermon131]5–ImamAli(AS)saidaboutAllah'sverseintheQur'an:"eatersoftheunlawful"385,'Thisrefersto
themanwhofulfilsaneedforafellowbrotherandthenacceptsagiftfromhim.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.104,p.273,no.5]6– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Accepting bribes as a judge or ruler is tantamount to disbelief in
Allah.’[al-Kafi,v.7,p.409,no.2]
TheBelieversAreBrothers
1-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Thebelieversarebrothers,theirbloodiscoequal,andtheyareonehandagainstothers,themostinferioramongthemisempoweredbytheirprotection[ofhim].’[Amalial-Mufid,p.187,no.13]2- ImamAli (AS) said, ‘Many a brother was not given birth by your ownmother.’[Ghurar al-
Hikam,no.5351]3- Imamal-Baqir (AS) said, ‘Abeliever is the brother of another believer [as if] fromhis own
motherandfather.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.166,no.2and7]4-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Abelieveristhebrotherofanotherbeliever,hiseyeandhisguide;he
doesnotbetrayhim,norwronghim,nordeceivehim,andnordoesherescindapromisehemadetohim.’[Ibid.no.3]5-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Abelieveristhebrotherofanotherbeliever,likeasinglebody.Ifany
part of him suffers, hewill feel its pain in his entire body; and their souls are alsomade of onesoul.’[Ibid.no.4]
TrueBrothers
6-TheProphet (SAWA)said, ‘Seek to increaseyourbrothers [i.e.believeing friends], foreverybelieverwillmakeanintercessionontheDayofJudgment.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.24642]7-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Adopt[thefriendshipof]truebrothersandincreaseinyouracquisitionof
them,fortheyareanassetintimesofprosperity,andashieldduringafflictions.’[Amalial-Saduq,p.250,no.8]
Brothers’Amity
8- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Do not let your brother be stronger than you are in your amity forhim.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.74,p.165,no.29]9-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Lovebrothersinproportionto[their]piety.’[al-Ikhtisas,no.226]10- Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘A man’s love for his brother is part of his love for his
religion.’[Ibid.no.31]
ThatWhichEnsurestheEnduranceofAmity
11- Imamal-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘O Ibnal-Nu'mani Ifyouwantyourbrother ’samity foryou tobepure,donotmakefunofhim,donotdisputewithhim,donotexchangebraggingwithhim,anddonotviewithhiminevilacts.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.291,no.2]12-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Brothersneedthree thingsamongthem–theyeitheruse them,or
elsedisputeandhateoneanother–fairness,benevolence,andevasionofjealousy.’[Tuhafal-`Uqoul,no.322]
BrotherhoodfortheSakeofAllah
13-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘LookingatabrotheryouloveforthesakeofAllah,theExalted,is[anactof]worship.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.74,p.279,no.1]14-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘AMuslimcannotacquireanythingasbeneficialashisembracing
IslamthanabrotherhebenefitsfromforthesakeofAllah.’[Tanbihal-Khawatir,v.2,p.179]15- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Love is purified through cultivating friendship for the sake of
Allah.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.6191]16-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Brothers,[whosebrotherhoodis]forthesakeofAllah,enjoyanenduring
amity,duetothefirmnessofitsfoundation.’[Ibid.no.1795]17-ImamAli(AS)said,‘BrotherhoodforthesakeofAllahisfruitful.’[Ibid.no.4225]
BrotherhoodForTheSakeOfThisWorld
18-ImamAli(AS)said,‘AmanwhosefriendshipisnotforthesakeofAllahmustbeavoided,forhisfriendshipisvile,andhiscompanyisdoomed.’[Ibid.no.8978]19-ImamAli(AS)said,‘AmanwhosebrotherhoodisforthesakeofAllahisboundtogain,while
amanwhoseeksbrothersforthesakeofthisworldisboundtolose.’[Ibid.no.7776-7777]20-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Amanwhodrawsclosetoyouforapurposewillabandonyouwhenitis
fulfilled.’[Ibid.no.8552]
InformingOne’sBrotherOfOne’sLove[ForHim]
21-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Whenoneofyoulikeshiscompanionorbrother,heshouldlethimknow.’[al-Mahasin,v.1,p.415,no.953]22-Amanpassedthroughthemosque,whereAbuJa‘farandAbu‘Abdullah[Imamal-Baqirand
Imamal-Sadiq (AS)]wereseated,whenoneof thepeoplepresent said, ‘ByAllah, I like thisman.’Abu Ja'far replied, ‘Then let him know, for this will maintain the amity and enhance theaffection.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.74,p.181,no.1]
One’sAmityforAnotherisaProofofReciprocity
23- ImamAli (AS)said, ‘Askyourheartsabout theiramities, for theyarewitnesses that takenobribes.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.5641]24-Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,‘Knowtheamitythatyourbrotherhasforyouinhisheartthrough
whatyouharbourofthesameinyourownheart.’[Kashfal-Ghamma,v.2,p.331]25-Imamal-Hadi(AS)said,‘Donotseeksincereamityfromamanyouhaveinsinceresentiment
for, nor honest advice from someone you direct your distrust towards, for another ’s feelings [lit.heart]towardsyouaresimilartoyourfeelingstowardshim.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.74,no.181]
CuttingOffRelationswithBrothers
26-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Ifyouwant tocutoffrelationswithyourbrothermakesure to leaveaplaceforhiminyourheart,sohecanreturntoitonedaywhenhesowishes.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Letter31]27-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Howawfulitistocutoffrelationsafterhavingmaintainedthem,toturn
awayafterbrotherhood,andtohaveanimosityafteramity.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.77,p.210,no.1]28-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Amanwhoplaceshisamityinthewrongplaceisboundtosuffer
abandonment.’[al-Mahasin,v.1,p.415,no.950]
MaintainingBrotherhood
29-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Donotletyourbrotherbestrongerinhisavoidanceofyouthanyouareinyourmaintaingrelationswithhim,anddonotbestrongerinyourharmtohimthaninyourkindnesstowardshim.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Letter31]30-Imamal-Husayn(AS)said,‘Thebestpersonistheonewhomaintainsrelationswithonewho
cutshimoff.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.121,no.4]
TypesofBrothers
31-TheProphet (SAWA) said, ‘Themost scarce things at the endof timewill be a trustworthybrotherandalegitimatelyearneddirham.’[Tuhafal-`Uqoul,no.54]32-TheProphet (SAWA) said, ‘Themost scarce things at the end of timewill be a trustworthy
brother and a legitimately earned dirham.’[Tuhaf al-`Uqoul, no. 54]Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said,‘Brothers are of three [kinds]: one, like food, is needed all the time and he is the wise [friend].Anotherissimilartodisease,andthisisthefool.Andthethirdislikemedicine,andthisisthetactful[friend].’[Ibid.no.323]33-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Brothersarethree[kinds]:onehelpswithhisownself,andanother
helpswithhismoney,andthesearetrueintheirbrotherhood.Athirdistheonewhotakesfromyouwhatheneedsandkeepsyouforsomeofhispleasure-donotconsiderhimtrustworthy.’[Ibid.no.324]
WarningAgainstSomeFormsOfBrotherhood
34- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The one you need to safeguard yourself against is not yourbrother.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.7503]35-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Donottakeforbrotheramanwhohidesyourvirtuesandexposesyour
lapses.’[Ibid.no.1042]36-Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,‘Theworstbrotheristheonewhostayswithyouinyouraffluence
andabandonsyouinyourpoverty.’[al-Irshad,v.2,p.166]37-Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,‘Donottakeforbrothersorcompanions: thefool, themiserly, the
coward,andtheliar.’[al-Khisal,p.244,no.100]38- Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Be warned against having a brother who wants you for greed,
avoidanceoffear,orgettingfoodanddrink.Instead,seekthe39-brotherhoodofthepiouseveniftheyareinthedarknessoftheearthandevenifyouhaveto
spendyourlifeseekingthem.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.74,p.282,no.3]
PreservingOldBrotherhood
40-TheProphet (SAWA)said, ‘Allah, theExalted, likes themaintenanceofoldbrotherhood, somaintainit.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.24759]41- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Choose the new of everything, but the oldest one from among
brothers.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.2461]
RealBrotherhood
42-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Yourtruebrotheristheonewhoforgivesyourlapse,fulfilsyourneed,acceptsyourexcuse,hidesyourvices,removesyourfear,andlivesuptoyourexpectation.’[Ibid.no.3645]43-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Yourbrotheristheonewhodoesnotabandonyouindifficulty,doesnot
forgetyouatthetimeoftrouble,anddoesnotcheatyouwhenyouseekhisadvice.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.77,p.269,no.1]
ChoosingaBrother
44-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Amanwhoshunshisbrothersforeverylapsehasfewfriends.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.8166]45-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Amanwhodoesnotbefriend[anyone]unlesstheyareflawlesswill
havefewfriends.’[A`alamal-Din,no.304]
ToleratingtheLapseofaBrother
46- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Tolerate the lapse of your friend for the time of your enemy’sattack.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.74,p.166,no.29]47-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Toleranceisthesplendorofcompanions.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.752]48- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘A man who does not endure the lapses of a friend will die in
loneliness.’[Ibid.no.9079]
TheBestofBrothers
49-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘ThebestofyourbrothersistheonewhohelpsyoutoobeyAllah,preventsyoufromdisobeyingHim,andordersyoutopleaseHim.’[Tanbihal-Khawatir,v.2,p.123]50-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebestofbrothersistheonewiththeleasthesitanceinoffering[harsh]
advice.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.4978]51-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebestofyourbrothersistheonewhostandsbyyou,andbetterthan
himishewhosufficeshimselfwithyou,andevenwhenheisinneedofyou,hesparesyou.’[Ibid.no.4988]52-ImamAli(AS)said,‘ThebestbrotheristheonewhoseamityisforthesakeofAllah.’[Ibid.no.
5017]53-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebestofyourbrothersis theonewhorushestodogoodanddraws
youalongsidehim,andordersyoutodogoodandhelpsyouwithit.’[Ibid.no.5021]54-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebestofyourbrothersistheonewhoisrousedtoangerforyoursake
in[standingupfor]what’sright.’[Ibid.no.5009]55-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebestofbrothersistheonewhodoesnotlethisfellowbrothersneed
anyoneotherthanhimself.’[Ibid.no.4985]56-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Themostbelovedofmybrotherstomeishewhoconfersmyfaults
tome.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.74,p.282,no.4]
TheWorstofBrothers
57-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Theworstofbrothersisheforwhomone[ismade]togooutofone’sway.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Saying479]58-TheCommanderoftheFaithful(AS)wasasked,‘Whichistheworstcompanion?’Hereplied,
‘TheonewhoglamorizesactsofdisobediencetoAllahtoyou.’[Ma`anial-Akhbar,p.198,no.4]
TestingBrothers
59-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Whenyouseethreetraitsinyourbrother,placeyourhopeinhim:bashfulness, trustworthiness, and truthfulness. If you do not see them, do not place your hope inhim.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.24755]60- ImamAli (AS) said, ‘Amanwho takes a brother after careful selection is bound to have a
lastingcompanionshipandafirmamity,whereasamanwhotakesabrotherwithoutcarefultestingisboundtoresorttothefriendshipofevilpeople.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,nos.8921and8923]61- Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Test your brothers with two things, which they must possess;
otherwiseavoid them,avoid them,avoid them:observing theprayersat theirprescribed timesandhelpingbrothersduringhardshipaswellasease.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.672,no.7]
AdvisingBrothers
62-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Abelieverisamirrorforhisbelievingbrother;hestaysfaithfultohiminhisabsenceandspareshimfromwhathewouldhatetosee.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.74,p.233,no.29]63- ImamAli (AS)said, ‘Hewhoadviseshisbrother inprivateadornshim,andhewhoadvises
himpubliclymakeshimlookbad.’[Ibid.p.166,no.29]64-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Amanwhoobservesbadbehaviorinhisbrotherwithoutforbidding
himfromit–whilstheisableto–hasindeedbetrayedhim.’[Ibid.v.75,p.65,no.2]
HonoringandGlorifyingOne’sBrothers
65-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Anypersoninmycommunitywhoactskindlytowardshisbrotherinfaith,AllahwillgranthimtheserviceoftheservantsofParadise.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.206,no.4]66-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Amanwhohonorshisbelievingbrotherwhenhecomesto[visit]
himis,bydoingso,honoringAllah,MightyandExalted.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.74,p.298,no.32]
FulfillingBrothers’Needs
67-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Letnoneofyoucompelhisbrothertoask,ifyoualreadyknowabouthisneed.’[Ibid.p.166,no.29]68- Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Allah helps the believer as long as the believer helps his
brother.’[Ibid.p.322,no.89]69- Imamal-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Amanwho fulfilsoneneedofhisbelievingbrother ’sAllahwill
fulfilonehundredthousandneedsofhisontheDayofResurrection.’[Ibid.p.89,no.90]70-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Itsufficesforamantodependonhisbrothertochargehimwithhis
need.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.198,no.8]
TheEtiquetteofBrotherhood
71-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Whenoneofyoutakesabrother,hemustaskhimhisname,hisfather ’s name, his tribe and his address.This is part of true brotherhood, otherwise it is a foolishamity.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.74,p.166,no.30]72-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Meetyourbrotherwithajoyfulface.’[Ibid.p.171,no.38]43-ItisnarratedinBiharal-Anwar:WhentheProphet(SAWA)missedthecompanyofanyofhis
brothersforthreedays,hewouldaskabouthim.Ifhewasabsent,hewouldprayforhim;andifhewasintown,hewouldvisithim;andifhewasill,hewouldgotoseehim.’[Ibid.v.16,p.233,no.35]
EnjoinmentofBrushingOne'sTeeth
1–TheProphet(SAWA)said,'Ifitwerenotforthefactthatitwouldinconveniencemycommunity,Iwouldhavecommandedthemtobrushtheirteethbeforeeveryprayer.’[al-Kafi,v.3,p.22,no.1]2–TheProphet(SAWA)saidinhisadvicetoImamAli(AS),'Youmustbrushyourteethatevery
ablution.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.77,p.69,no.8]3-TheProphet(SAWA)alsosaidinhisadvicetoImamAli(AS),'OAli,youmustbrushyourteeth
asfrequentlyaspossible,forverilyasingleprayerthatyouperformafterhavingbrushedyourteethisbetterthanfortydaysworthofprayersperformedwithoutdoingso.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.76,p.137,no.48]4–TheProphet(SAWA)said, 'Ablutionisamainpartoffaith,andbrushingone'steethisamain
partofablution.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,no.26200]5–TheProphet(SAWA)said,'Freshenyourmouthsbybrushing,forverilytheyarethemeansto
theQur'an.’[Kanzal-`Ummal,2753]6–TheProphet(SAWA)said, 'Gabrielcontinuouslyadvisesmeaboutbrushingteeth,thatIreally
thoughthewouldlayitdownasanobligation.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.76,p.126,no.2]7–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)wasonceasked,'Doyouconsiderallofthesepeopleasbeingrealhuman
beings[truetotheirnature]?'towhichhereplied,'Excludefromthemtheonewhodoesnotbrushhisteeth,…'[Biharal-Anwar,p.128,no.11].*
TheBenefitsofBrushingOne'sTeeth
8–TheProphet(SAWA)said, 'Brushingone'steethincreasesone'sarticulacy.’[Biharal-Anwar,p.135,no.48]9– Imamal-Sadiq (AS)said, 'Thereare twelvedistinctive features tobrushingone's teeth: it isa
recommended prophetic practice, it purifies one's mouth, brightens one's eyesight, pleases theBeneficentLord,whitenstheteeth,doesawaywithwretchedness,strengthensone'sgums,whetsone'sappetite for food, takes away phlegm, improves one'smemory,multiplies one's rewards for gooddeeds,andgivespleasuretotheangels.’[al-Khisal,p.481,no.53]10– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'You must brush your teeth for it removes whisperings of the
heart.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.76,p.139,no.52]11– Imamal-Rida (AS) said, 'Brushingone's teethbrightens the eyesight, increaseshair growth,
andremovesthetendencyforfrequentweeping.’[Biharal-Anwar,p.137,no.48]
EtiquetteofBrushingTeeth
12– The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Brush your teeth in a horizontal manner and not in a verticalmanner.’[al-Da`aawat,p.161,no.445]13–ItisnarratedinBiharal-AnwarthattheProphet(SAWA)usedtobrushinahorizontalmanner
wheneverhebrushedhisteeth,andthathewouldbrushhisteeththriceeverynight:oncebeforegoingtobed,oncewhenhewouldwakeupforhisnightworship,andoncebeforegoingouttoperformthedawnprayer.HeusedtobrushwithtwigsofArak(athornykindoftree)whichthearchangelGabrielhadtoldhimtodo.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.76,p.135,no.47]14–Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,'Verilybrushingone'steethatdawnbeforeperformingtheablution
ispartofrecommendedpropheticpractice.’[al-Faqih,v.1,p.480,no.1390]*ThisispartofalongertraditionwheretheImamcitesseveralothercategoriesofpeoplewhom
heexcludesfromthebannerofhumanityfortheirvariousfaults,inaccordancewiththeverseoftheQur'an(25:44):"Doyousupposethatmostofthemlistenorapplyreason?Theyarejustlikecattle;rathertheyarefurtherastrayfromtheway.”(ed.)