MJ Lynch & Associates LLC

The Role of TIA in Smart Grid Standards Development

Presentation to TR-50

June, 2010

TR50-20100617-008

Smart Grid Initiative

• Smart Grid Networking Technology is rapidly evolving

• NIST, on behalf the US Government, has taken an active role to work with SDOs (IEEE, TIA, others) to develop suitable standards for the SG.

• Time has come for TIA to assert itself in this area.• MJ Lynch & Associates LLC is an active

consultancy to several networking companies and is involved in working with IEEE & TIA members in the development of Smart Grid standards.

Slide 2

What is the Smart Grid

The Smart Grid is the 'anchor tenant' for the Internet of Things

Connects All Devices that Generate Distribute / Consume / Monitor Energy & Utilities

ResidentialDevices

Commercial & IndustrialDevices

Utility Operation

Smart GridDevices

4

What is Driving the Smart Grid

Supply / Demand Imbalance

Economic Efficiency

Environment

Security

Reliability Consumers Demanding Involvement

Renewables

Carbon Monetization

Environmental Regulation

Operational Efficiency

Demand for Renewables

Consumer Empowerment

Electric Vehicles

Strong Secular Growth Drivers… …Creating an Increasingly Dynamic Energy Environment

Chronic Underinvestment

Increasing Stress on the Grid

Transforming the energy and other utility industries worldwide

5

Smart Grid Technology ArchitectureAn End-to-End Solution

Server

Back Office

Systems

Access Point

Comms Module

1 2 3

Relay

A Complete End-to-End Solution

MAN LinksWAN

Backhaul

Network Management Software: Runs the network

Access Points/ Relays:

Aggregate endpoint data and route to back office servers through the backhaul network

Comm Module:

• Integrated into meter• Establishes two-way

communications• Connects to home network

7

Standards are Necessary

The need for standards in the Smart Grid

Open Standard for electric grid• Trillions of $$ of infrastructure• Millions of devices developed

by thousands of companies• Plug in and “it just works"

Open Standard for Smart Grid• Trillions in Internet investment• Any IP device or web application• Plug in and “it just works"

8

NIST SMART-GRID INITIATIVES

Jay Ramasastry/George FlammerSlide 8

• The Smart Grid standardization activity has become a top priority of the White House and Congress, as a result of the recently enacted American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA)

• ARRA contains investments critical to spurring the Smart Grid development process

• Many groups have started Smart-Grid standardization activities (e.g.: IEEE/Power Engineering Society P2030, IEEE/802, etc.)

9

IEEE 802

• IEEE 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee is one of three national ANSI-accredited standards committees;

• IEEE 802 also is a well recognized international standards organization

• In the last ten years, the IEEE 802 LMSC has created a number of widely deployed standards, as used in WiFi, WiMax, Zigbee, BlueTooth

• An upcoming standard, 802.15.4g, will amend 802.15.4 to take care of Smart Grid PHY requirements, and associated MAC support

• The number of companies interested in 802.15.4g activities is rapidly increasing

10

The Smart Grid standards ecosystem• Layer 7 (Application) –industry metering interfaces, standard back office interfaces

• SNMP, meter/network events, alarms, security logs, Web Services APIs• Others, TIA?

• Layers 6 and 5 – Smart Grid Convergence Layer? TIA, others?

• Layer 4 (Transport) – IP suite standards• UDP, TCP, TFTP• Others, TIA?

• Layer 3 (Network) – Native IP implementations• IPv4, IPv6 – “dial tone” – system will route for 3rd party network elements and back office

systems• Others, TIA?

• Layer 2 (MAC) – Medium Access Control Layer• 802.15.4 for low-powered devices• 802.15.4g MAC hooks for Smart Grid PHY• Others, TIA?

• Layer 1 (PHY) – Physical Layer• IEEE 802.15.4g • IEEE 802.15.4 2.4GHz PHY• Others, TIA?

11

Benefits of a mesh architecture

Mesh network architecture has been found very desirable and robust by utilities to meet their service performance requirements

The RF mesh extends coverage around obstacles which is the most difficult problem in Smart Grid radio networks.

Star architecture systems (cellular, etc.) must ‘see’ all endpoints – at some point infrastructure costs and power consumption become prohibitive.

12

Many applications; one architecture

Example of SG Network Hardware-AMI

•Flexible: One design – broad product line•Robust: Frequency hopping across 902-928 MHz (26 MHz)•Long Range: +30dBm power output, typ: -103dBm sensitivity•Reliable: full two-way meshing•Future Proof: 32 bit design – much RAM / much Flash•Economical: large volume commodity of components drives cost down•Secure: 256 bit firewall security in all devices

13

Standards for Smart Utility Networks

14

Major meter manufacturers - Itron, Elster, Landis+Gyr, Sensus, GE, and others

Major technology developers - Itron, Elster, Landis+Gyr, Sensus, Silver Spring Networks, LG, Samsung, ETRI, Qualcomm, Siemens, Broadcom, Fuji, Panasonic, Huawei, and others

Major semiconductor companies - ADI, TI, Atmel, Si-Labs, Broadcom

Government agencies - NIST, ETRI, NICT/Japan, China

Others - Trilliant, Grid Net, Dust Networks, Arch Rock…

Some of the companies in Smart Grid Standards

15

TIA Standards Options

• TR-50 is addressing top level (higher layer) architecture issues for networks utilizing smart devices

• Examples of such networks are: smart-grid, sensor networks, industrial automation, etc

• TR-50’s plans are to develop access-agnostic network and device architecture

• This may be an ambitious project since lower layer standards for these networks are not in place yet

• For example, utilities are rapidly implementing ad-hoc wireless networks to kick-start “low-hanging fruit” applications utilizing proprietary and disparate systems, even in the absence of L-1, L-2 and L-3 standards

• Examples of such applications are: AMI, DA, In-Prem, PHEV, DR

• IEEE 802.15 has been working on L-1 standards for SUN, and has in place a L-1 and MAC (partial L-2) for in-premise networks

• An integrated L-1, 2 and 3 standard for the smart-grid which dovetails into any architecture “standard” of TR-50 is urgently needed

• It may be done by TR-50 or another TIA group (TR-51?)