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MULTIMEDIA COLLEGE JALAN GURNEY KIRI 54100 KUALA LUMPUR FOURTH, FIFTH SEMESTER FINAL EXAMINATION, 2013 SESSION MKT2063 - CONSUMER BEHAVIOR DMKW-E-F-1/12, DMKT-E-F-1/12, DMKQ-E-F-1/12, DMKT-E-F-3/11 20 SEPTEMBER 2013 9.00AM 11.30AM (2 1/2 Hours) INSTRUCTION TO STUDENT 1. This Examination paper has SEVENTEEN (17) printed pages. 2. This question paper consists of FOUR (4) sections. Section A : Answer ALL questions. Section B : Answer ALL questions. Section C : Answer ALL questions. Section D : Answer TWO (2) questions ONLY. 3. Please write all your answers in the Answer Booklet provided. STUDENT IDENTIFICATION NO

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Page 1: Mkt2063 - Consumer Behavior

MULTIMEDIA COLLEGE

JALAN GURNEY KIRI

54100 KUALA LUMPUR

FOURTH, FIFTH SEMESTER FINAL EXAMINATION, 2013 SESSION

MKT2063 - CONSUMER BEHAVIOR

DMKW-E-F-1/12, DMKT-E-F-1/12, DMKQ-E-F-1/12, DMKT-E-F-3/11

20 SEPTEMBER 2013

9.00AM – 11.30AM

(2 1/2 Hours)

INSTRUCTION TO STUDENT

1. This Examination paper has SEVENTEEN (17) printed pages.

2. This question paper consists of FOUR (4) sections.

Section A : Answer ALL questions.

Section B : Answer ALL questions.

Section C : Answer ALL questions.

Section D : Answer TWO (2) questions ONLY.

3. Please write all your answers in the Answer Booklet provided.

STUDENT IDENTIFICATION NO

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SECTION A : MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS - (20 MARKS)

BAHAGIAN A : SOALAN OBJEKTIF - (20 MARKAH)

INSTRUCTION : ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS.

ARAHAN : JAWAB SEMUA SOALAN.

1. A marketer who segments a population by age and gender is using ________ to

categorize consumers.

Seorang pemasar yang membahagi satu populasi kepada umur dan jantina

menggunakan __________untuk mengkategori pengguna.

A. demographics / demografi

B. psychographics / saikografi

C. toles / peranan

D. lifestyle / gaya hidup

2. Which of the following is the study of the processes involved when individuals or

groups select, purchase, use, or dispose of products, services, ideas, or

experiences to satisfy needs and desires?

Manakah yang berikut adalah pengajian proses yang melibatkan individu atau

kumpulan yang memilih, membeli, mengguna atau menyingkir barangan,

perkhidmatan atau pengalaman untuk memuaskan keperluan dan kehendak?

A. Lifestyle marketing / Pemasaran gaya hidup

B. Role theory / Teori peranan

C. Consumer behavior / Gelagat pengguna

D. Marketing research / Penyelidikan pemasaran

Continued…

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3. Many firms choose to protect or enhance the natural environment as they go

about their business activities. This practice is known as ________.

Banyak firma-firma memilih untuk melindungi atau memperbaiki persekitaran

semulajadi sewaktu aktiviti perniagaan. Amalan ini di kenali sebagai__________.

A. consumer marketing / pemasaran pengguna

B. social marketing / pemasaran sosial

C. natural marketing / pemasaran semulajadi

D. green marketing / pemasaran hijau

4. The immediate response by our eyes, nose, mouth or fingers to such basic stimuli

as light, color, sound, odor and texture is called ________.

Tindakbalas serta merta dari mata, hidung, mulut atau jejari kita terhadap ransangan

asas seperti cahaya, warna, bauan dan tekstur adalah digelar

sebagai_____________.

A. reception / penerimaan

B. awareness / kesedaran

C. perception / persepsi

D. sensation / sensasi

5. Which of the following is NOT one of the three stages of the process of

perception?

Yang mana antara berikut BUKAN salah satu peringkat di dalam proses persepsi?

A. Interpretation / Terjemahan

B. Adaptation / Ubah suai

C. Attention / Perhatian

D. Exposure / Pendedahan

Continued…

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6. Much learning takes effort and time, but some learning is so casual as to be

unintentional. This type of learning is referred to as ________ learning.

Kebanyakan pembelajaran memerlukan usaha dan masa tetapi sebahagian

pembelajaran adalah sangat kasual dan tanpa di sengajakan. Pembelajaran cara ini

dirujuk sebagai pembelajaran___________.

A. stage one / peringkat satu

B. subliminal / terlindung

C. incidental / secara kebetulan

D. evoked / ingatan semula

7. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the lowest order (e.g: most basic) of

needs is ________.

Berdasarkan kepada hirarki keperluan Maslow, susunan keperluan yang terendah

(contoh:paling asas) adalah ____________.

A. safety / keselamatan

B. physiological / fisiologikal

C. belongingness / kepunyaan

D. esteem / penghormatan

Continued…

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8. According to the definition of learning, how could a researcher ever show that

cognitive learning had taken place?

Berdasarkan kepada definasi pembelajaran, bagaimana seorang penyelidik dapat

menunjukkan bahawa pembelajaran kognitif telah berlaku?

A. By removing the conditioned stimulus. / Dengan mengalihkan rangsangan

kondisi.

B. By measuring a behavioral change that could directly be tied to a

previous experience. / Dengan mengukur perubahan gelagat yang akan

secara langsung berkait dengan pengalaman terdahulu.

C. By measuring the brainwave pattern of the subject. / Dengan mengukur

corak gelombang otak seseorang.

D. By relying upon an intuitive feel for the amount of learning the subject

had experienced. / Dengan berdasarkan kepada perasaan intuitif terhadap

kadar pembelajaran yang telah dialami oleh seseorang.

Continued…

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9. Joe was told by his mother that he needed to get a gift for his aunt's birthday. He

had only met his aunt once before and hardly knew her. Joe was walking

through a mall and saw a candy specialty store. He entered and looked at the

selection without much interest. He was about to select a box of chocolates for his

aunt simply because it was cheap when he remembered that his new girlfriend

Julie loved chocolate. Joe really liked Julie. He began to inspect each box of

chocolates carefully, trying to find evidence of quality. Which type of

involvement explains Joe's change of behavior?

Joe telah dimaklum oleh ibunya bahawa dia perlu mendapatkan hadiah untuk

harijadi ibu saudaranya. Dia pernah berjumpa dengan ibu saudaranya sekali dan

tidak berapa mengenalinya. Joe berjalan-jalan di pusat membeli-belah dan terjumpa

sebuah kedai khas untuk manisan. Dia telah memasuki dan melihat pilihan yang ada

tanpa menunjukkan minat. Dia hampir memilih sebuah kotak cokelat untuk ibu

saudaranya hanya kerana harganya murah dan dia teringat kepada Julie teman

wanitanya yang baru. Joe sangat suka kepada Julie. Dia mula melihat setiap kotak

cokelat secara teliti untuk mengesan kualitinya. Apakah jenis penglibatan yang

menerangkan tentang perubahan gelagat Joe?

A. Product Involvement. / Penglibatan Produk.

B. Price Involvement. / Penglibatan Harga.

C. Purchase Situation Involvement. / Penglibatan Situasi Pembelian.

D. Message Involvement. / Penglibatan Pesanan.

10. ________ refers to a person's unique psychological makeup and how it

consistently influences the way a person responds to his or her environment.

_________merujuk kepada persediaan saikologi unik seseorang dan bagaimana ia

secara konsisten mempengaruhi cara sesorang memberi tindakbalas kepada

persekitarannya.

A. Lifestyle / Gaya hidup

B. Belief system / Sistem kepercayaan

C. Personality / Personaliti

D. Self-concept / Konsep diri

Continued…

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11. What theory of personality suggests that one person differs from another

because of a number of different characteristics such as introversion or

extroversion?

Teori personaliti yang manakah mencadangkan bahawa seseorang itu berbeza dari

yang lain kerana perbezaan beberapa ciri seperti introvet and extrovet?

A. Trait theory / Teori trait

B. Collective unconscious theory / Teori kolektif tanpa di sedari

C. Freudian theory / Teori Freudian

D. Archetype theory / Teori Archetype

12. Brand ________ refers to the extent to which a consumer holds strong, favorable,

and unique associations with a brand in memory and the extent to which the

consumer is willing to pay more for the branded version of a product than for a

non-branded version.

_________jenama merujuk kepada sejauhmana seseorang pengguna memegang

teguh, menyetujui dan penyatuan secara unik dengan jenama di dalam memori dan

setakat mana seorang pengguna sanggup membayar lebih untuk versi berjenama

sesuatu produk berbanding dengan versi produk yang tidak berjenama.

A. dynamics / dinamik

B. position / kedudukan

C. logo / logo

D. equity / ekuiti

Continued…

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13. One important system of psychographic research measures AIO categories.

What do AIOs measure?

Satu sistem utama penyelidikan saikografi mengukur kategori AIO. Apakah yang

diukur oleh AIO?

A. Agreeableness, Ideas, and Observations

B. Activities, Ideas, and Operations

C. Activities, Interests, and Opinions

D. Age, Interests, and Otherness

14. A buyer who shops to relieve tension, anxiety, depression, or boredom is best

described as a(n) ________ consumer.

Seorang pembeli yang membeli untuk melegakan tekanan, kemurungan atau

kebosanan adalah paling baik mengambarkan seorang pengguna_________.

A. activist / aktivis

B. anti consumption / anti pengunaan

C. compulsive / kompulsif

D. consumed / terpakai

Continued…

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15. Instead of spending the weekend working on the research paper due at the end of

next week, Andrew decided to spend the weekend going out with friends.

According to Freudian theory, which system dominated in Adam's decision?

Daripada meluangkan masa pada hujung minggu untuk kertas penyelidikan yang

perlu disiapkan pada hujung minggu hadapan, Andrew telah memutuskan untuk

meluangkan masa hujung minggu bersama kawan-kawannya. Merujuk kepada teori

Freudian, sistem manakah yang telah mendominasi keputusan Adam?

A. The id / Id

B. The superego / Ego super

C. The anti-ego / Ego anti

D. The ego / Ego

16. The ________ hierarchy assumes the consumer does not initially have a strong

preference for one brand over another. Instead, he acts on the basis of limited

knowledge and then forms an evaluation only after the product has been

purchased or used.

Hirarki ___________ mengandaikan bahawa pengguna pada peringkat permulaan

tidak mempunyai keutamman yang teguh untuk sesuatu jenama berbanding jenama

lain. Sebaliknya dia bertindak atas dasar pengetahuan yang sangat terhad dan

seterusnya membentuk satu penilaian hanya selepas sesuatu barangan itu dibeli atau

digunakan.

A. experiential / pengalaman

B. habitual / tabii

C. low-involvement / penglibatan rendah

D. standard learning / pembelajaran piawai

Continued…

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17. The source of a message has an impact on whether the message will be accepted

or not. Two particularly important source characteristics are ________.

Sumber sesuatu mesej mempunyai kesan terhadap mesej sama ada akan diterima atau

pun tidak. Dua ciri khusus yang penting untuk sumber adalah __________.

A. culture and ethnicity / budaya dan etnik

B. credibility and attractiveness / kredibiliti dan daya tarikan

C. credibility and recency / kredibiliti dan baru berlaku

D. attractiveness and recency / daya tarikan dan baru berlaku

18. Physically attractive people are perceived as smarter, cooler, and happier than

average people. These perceptions are a result of a ________.

Orang yang menarik secara fizikal adalah dianggap sebagai lebik cerdik, tenang dan

gembira daripada orang yang sederhana. Persepsi sebegini adalah kesan daripada

__________.

A. halo effect / kesan “halo”

B. principle of cognitive / prinsip kognitif

C. balance theory / teori keseimbangan

D. self-perception theory / teori persepsi diri

Continued…

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19. Which of the following is the best example of a utilitarian shopping motive?

Manakah antara berikut adalah contoh terbaik motif untuk pembelian ‘utilitarian’?

A. A consumer shops to "hang-out" with friends at a mall. / Seorang

pengguna membeli-belah untuk melepak bersama kawan-kawan di pusat

membeli-belah.

B. A consumer shops because he loves the thrill of finding a bargain. /

Seorang pengguna membeli-belah kerana dia teruja dengan pembelian tawar-

menawar.

C. A consumer shops to efficiently purchase groceries for the week. / Seorang

pengguna membeli-belah secara efisen untuk membeli barangan runcit

mingguan.

D. A consumer shops because she enjoys attention from salespeople. /

Seorang pengguna membeli-belah kerana dia sangat seronok mendapat

perhatian daripada jurujual.

20. A (n) ________ is an actual or imaginary individual or group conceived of having

significant relevance upon an individual's evaluations, aspirations, or behavior.

Suatu____________ adalah individu atau kumpulan yang sebenar ataupun imiginasi

yang mempunyai kesan yang ketara terhadap penilaian, aspirasi atau gelagat

seseorang.

A. opinion group / kumpulan pandangan

B. demographic group / kumpulan demografi

C. reference group / kumpulan rujukan

D. focus group / kumpulan tumpuan

Continued…

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SECTION B : TRUE (T) OR FALSE (F) - (10 MARKS)

BAHAGIAN B : BETUL (B) ATAU SALAH (S) - (10 MARKAH)

INSTRUCTION : ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS.

ARAHAN : JAWAB SEMUA SOALAN.

1. Ethics are universal in that ethical business practices in one country are the same

as in other countries.

Etika adalah universal dalam amalan etika perniagaan dalam sebuah negara dan

ianya adalah sama di negara-negara lain.

2. When Pavlov's famous dogs responded to a bell signaling feeding time, they were

exhibiting what is called classical conditioning.

Apabila anjing-anjing Pavlov yang termasyhur bertindakbalas terhadap bunyi loceng

sebagai waktu untuk makan, ianya menggambarkan apa yang dikenali sebagai

kondisi klasikal.

3. The two major approaches associated with behavioral learning theory are

classical conditioning and observational learning.

Dua kaedah utama yang dikaitkan dengan teori pembelajaran gelagat adalah kondisi

klasikal dan pembelajaran pemerhatian.

4. The observational learning process begins with a step called motivation.

Proses pembelajaran pemerhatian bermula dengan satu langkah yang dipanggil

motivasi.

5. Marketers assist in the process called elaborative rehearsal when they use catchy

slogans or jingles to help consumers remember information about products or

services.

Pemasaran membantu dalam proses “elaborative rehearsal” apabila mereka

menggunakan slogan-slogan yang menarik atau jingel untuk pengguna mengingati

maklumat tentang produk atau pun perkhidmatan.

Continued…

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6. Retrieval is the process whereby we recover information from long-term

memory.

Proses mendapatkan kembali dimana kita memulih maklumat daripada ingatan

jangka panjang.

7. When Shira was a young girl, her teacher gave her a sticker every time she

earned above 90% on a test. Shira's teacher was using classical conditioning.

Sewaktu Shira masih kecil, gurunya memberikan pelekat setiap kali dia memperolehi

lebih 90% dalam ujuan. Guru Shira menggunakan kondisi klasikal.

8. Christian Dior perfume focuses on appealing to a consumer's need for

uniqueness if it uses an advertisement claiming that the perfume is "as

individual as you are."

Pewangi Christian Dior memberi tumpuan dalam memenuhi keperluan pengguna

untuk keunikan jika ianya menggunakan iklan yang mengatakan bahawa pewangi itu

“seorang individu seperti anda”.

9. Personality refers to a person's unique psychological makeup and how it

consistently influences the way a person responds to his or her environment.

Personaliti merujuk kepada keunikan saikologi seseorang dan bagaimana ia secara

konsisten mempengaruhi tindakbalasnya terhadap persekitaran.

10. An individual with the personality trait of extroversion tends to be quiet and

reserved.

Individu dengan sifat personaliti yang ‘extrovert’ cenderung untuk menjadi pendiam

dan terasing.

Continued…

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SECTION C : SHORT ESSAY QUESTIONS – (30 MARKS)

BAHAGIAN C : SOALAN ESEI RINGKAS – (30 MARKAH)

INSTRUCTION : ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS.

ARAHAN : JAWAB SEMUA SOALAN.

1. What is customer satisfaction?

Apakah kepuasan pelanggan?

(5 Marks/Markah)

2. Why it is importance for marketer to segments the market?

Mengapakah amat penting bagi pemasar untuk mensegmenkan pasaran?

(5 Marks/Markah)

3. Briefly explain, what is consumer motivation.

Jelaskan dengan ringkas, apakah motivasi pengguna.

(5 Marks/Markah)

4. a) What is the meaning of perception?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan persepsi/tanggapan?

(2 Marks/Markah)

b) List down THREE (3) elements of perception.

Senaraikan TIGA (3) elemen persepsi.

(3 Marks/Markah)

5. What is social class in Consumer Behavior perspective?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan kelas sosial dari sudut pandangan gelagat pengguna?

(5 Marks/Markah)

Continued…

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6. Describe following:

Terangkan berikut:

a) Word of mouth (wom) communication/ Komunikasi ‘word of mouth’

b) Opinion leaders

(5 Marks/Markah)

Continued…

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SECTION D : LONG ESSAY QUESTIONS – (40 MARKS)

BAHAGIAN D : SOALAN ESEI PANJANG – (40 MARKAH)

INSTRUCTION : ANSWER TWO (2) QUESTIONS.

ARAHAN : JAWAB DUA (2) SOALAN.

Question Soalan 1

Explain the decision making process in consumer behavior.

Terangkan proses-proses membuat keputusan di dalam gelagat pengguna.

(20 Marks/Markah)

Question Soalan 2

Stimulus generalization explains why some imitative products succeed in the

marketplace. This situation will contribute to the confusion among the consumer during

buying process. That is because of the consumers confuse with the original product they

have seen advertised. Briefly explain FOUR (4) types of stimulus generalization in

consumer behavior. Provide example(s) to support your answer.

Kelaziman Rangsangan menjelaskan mengapa sesetengah produk tiruan berjaya dalam

pasaran. Keadaan ini akan menyumbang kepada kekeliruan di kalangan pengguna semasa

proses membeli. Itu adalah kerana pengguna keliru dengan produk asal yang mereka lihat

seperti yang diiklankan. Terangkan secara ringkas EMPAT (4) jenis kelaziman rangsangan

dalam tingkah laku pengguna. Sila berikan contoh untuk menyokong jawapan anda.

(20 Marks/Markah)

Continued...

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Question Soalan 3

There are FOUR (4) elements of learning theories which are motivation, cues, responses

and reinforcement. Explain these elements and how marketers apply these elements in

their advertisement.

Terdapat EMPAT (4) elemen teori pembelajaran iaitu motivasi, tanda, tindak balas dan

peneguhan. Bincangkan elemen-elemen tersebut dan bagaimana pemasar mengaplikasiskan

elemen ini dalam iklan mereka.

(20 Marks/Markah)

End of Page.