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MLAB 1415: HEMATOLOGYChapter 7: Leukocytes
Part Two
MONOCYTES
Monopoiesis - the production and development of monocytes, macrophages and their precursors. Monocytes are produced in the bone marrow.
MONOCYTES Differentiation & maturation
Produced from CFU-GMCan further differentiate into macrophages
in the tissues
LifespanP.B ~ 8 hoursTissue
RegulationProduction primarily regulated by cytokines
GM-CSF IL-3 M-CSF
MONOCYTES/MACROPHAGES
Function Protect the host from infectious agents or
pathogens via innate and adaptive immune response
Phagocytosis Scavengers
MATURATION OF THE MONOCYTIC SERIES
Monoblast Size: 12-20µm Cytoplasm
Blue, moderate amount No granules
Nucleus Round, oval or slightly folded Eccentric Reddish-purple Chromatin fine and lacy Vacuoles may be present 1-2 nucleoli
N:C ratio = 4:1
MATURATION OF THE MONOCYTIC SERIES Promonocyte (difficult to discern)
Size: 12-20µm Cytoplasm
Paler gray-blue and abundant “Bleb-like” pseudopods at periphery May contain fine red “dust-like” particles, azurophilic
granules Vacuoles may be present
Nucleus Round with chromatin creases or brain-like folding Central Reddish-purple with light clumping of chromatin 0-2 nucleoli
N:C ratio = 3:1 or 2:1
PROMONOCYTE
MATURATION OF THE MONOCYTIC SERIES Mature monocyte
Normal in circulation: 2-9% Size: 12-20µm Cytoplasm
Pale gray-blue and abundant Bleb-like pseudopods at periphery, variable shape Numerous fine pale red dustlike granule scattered throughout Vacuoles common
Nucleus Increased folding or elongated Central Purplish with finer clumped chromatin No nucleoli
N:C ratio = Variable
MONOCYTE
MONOCYTES…THINK….
Fine, Lacy Chromatin Ground Glass Cytoplasm
MACROPHAGES Once the monocyte enters the tissues, it becomes a macrophage
Size:15-80µm Cytoplasm
Gray-blue and abundant Ragged edges Vacuoles common
Nucleus Round with netlike appearance Purplish with finer clumped chromatin Nucleoli appear
MACROPHAGES IN VARIOUS TISSUES Macrophage alias’
Histiocytes in the loose connective tissue
Kupffer cells in the liverOsteoclasts in the boneMicroglial cells in the nervous
systemAlso scattered throughout the
body in all organ tissues (spleen, lung, abdomen, etc)
MACROPHAGE
REFERENCES
http://winsorb.com/silica-gel.php http://image.bloodline.net/stories/storyReade
r$1075 MacKenzie, S., & Lynne, W. J. (2010). Clinical
Laboratory Hematology. Upper Saddle River: Pearson Education, Inc.