Mobile Bug Project Report

7/24/2019 Mobile Bug Project Report

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Mobile Bug Project Report


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Our sincerest appreciation must be extended We also want

to thank faculties of the Electronics & Instrumentation department. They

have been very kind and helpful to us. We want to thank all teachin and

non!teachin sta" to support us. Especially we are thankful to #r. $% 'inh

for providin this olden opportunity to work on this pro(ect) inspiration

durin the course of this pro(ect and to complete the pro(ect within stipulated

time duration and four walls of .We would like to express our

sincere ratitude to our *uide

#r. '+,-# %-% for their help durin the course of the pro(ect riht from

selection of the pro(ect) their constant encouraement) expertacademic and

practical uidance.


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ABSTRACT

This handy) pocket/si0e mobile transmission detector or sni"er can sense thepresence of an activated mobile cell phone from a distance of one and/a/halfmeters. 'o it can be used to prevent use of mobile phones in examinationhalls) con1dential rooms) etc. It is also useful for detectin the use of mobilephone for 'pyin and unauthori0ed video transmission. The circuit can detectthe incomin and outoin calls) '#' and video transmission even if themobile phone is kept in the silent mode. The moment the %u detects 23transmission sinal from an activated mobile phone) it starts soundin abeep alarm and the 4E$ blinks. The alarm continues until the sinal

transmission ceases. -ssemble the circuit on a eneral purpose 56% ascompact as possible and enclose in a small box like (unk mobile case. -smentioned earlier) capacitor 67 should have a lead lenth of 89 mm withlead spacin of 9 mm. carefully solder the capacitor in standin position withe:ual spacin of the leads. The response can be optimi0ed by trimmin thelead lenth of 67 for the desired fre:uency. ,ou may use a short telescopictype antenna.

se the miniature 8; battery of a remote control and a small bu00er tomake the adet pocket/si0e. The unit will ive the warnin indication ifsomeone uses #obile phone within a radius of 8.< meters.


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INDEX

NO. !B"ECT PAGE NO.

#. OVERVIEW OF MOBILE BUG.

$. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM..

%. DISCRIPTION OF CKT DIAGRAM..

&. WORKING OF MOBILE BUG...

'. COMPONENT LIST....

(. PIN DIAGRAM OF IC.

). DETAIL OF OTHER COMPONENTS....

*. APPLICATIONS .

+. LIMITATIONS ....

#,. FUTURE WORK..

##. CONCLUSION .....

#$. DATA SHEETS.

#%. REFERENCE.........


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-# O/ER/IEW O0 MOBILE B!G

De1o Circuit

Fig (1)

IC1 is dsig!d "s " di##$!%i"& "'&i#i$ N!i!*$%i!g i!+% is ,!!,%d % %- %!%i"&di*id$ R1 R/. C"",i%$ C/ 0s %- !! i!*$%i!g i!+% sig!"& s%"& #$ "s2 s3i!g % 4 $ 5

R6 is %- #d",0 $sis%$.

IC1 #+!,%i!s "s " ,+$$!% % *&%"g ,!*$%$ si!, i% ,!*$%s %- %i!2 ,+$$!% $&"sd 2 %-7.// 8F ,"",i%$ "s +%+% *&%"g.

A% 3$ ! +%+% g -ig- "!d LED &ig-%s #$ " s-$% $id. T-is is ,"+s 4 i!+% g%s '$*&%"g %-"! %- 5 i!+%. A#%$ " #3 s,!ds +%+% gs &3 ,"+s %- +%+% ,+$$!% "sss

% %- 5 i!+% %-$+g- R/. M"!3-i& ,"",i%$ C1 "&s ,-"$gs. S %-"% %- %- i!+%s g%s

"&'s% 9+"& *&%"g "!d %- +%+% $'"i!s &3. 7.// 8F ,"",i%$ (! %-$ ,"",i%$ ,"! s+s%i%+%d) $'"i!s #+&&2 ,-"$gd i! %- s%"!d2 s%"%.

W-! %- -ig- #$9+!,2 $"di"%i! #$' %- 'i& -! is s!sd 2 %- ,i$,+i% 7.// 8F ,"

dis,-"$gs i%s s%$d ,+$$!% % %- 4 i!+% # IC1 "!d i%s +%+% gs -ig- ''!%"$i&2. (I! %-s%"!d2 s%"% +%+% # %- di##$!%i"& "'&i#i$ is &3 si!, %- i!+%s g% 9+"& *&%"g # 7.:

*&%s $ '$). A!2 i!,$"s i! *&%"g "% 4 i!+% 3i&& ,-"!g %- +%+% s%"% % -ig-.

Mobile Bug

N$'"&&2 IC1 is ##. S IC/ 3i&& "&s ##. W-! %- 3$ is s3i%,-d ! "s s%"%d "*

IC1 3i&& gi* " -ig- +%+% "!d T1 ,!d+,%s % %$igg$ LED "!d B+;;$ .T-is ,"! " gd

i!di,"%i! #$ %- 3$0i!g # %- ,i$,+i%.

R1 1M

R2 100K

C1 0.22

C2 47 UF

R3 1M

LED

IC 3130


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(2) CIRCUIT DIAGRAM


7/52

Fig (2)

-% DECRIPTION


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A! $di!"$2 RF d%,%$ +si!g %+!d LC ,i$,+i%s is !% s+i%"& #$ d%,%i!g sig!"&s i! %- GH;#$9+!,2 "!d +sd i! 'i& -!s. T- %$"!s'issi! #$9+!,2 # 'i& -!s $"!gs

#$' 7.< % 6 GH; 3i%- " 3"*&!g%- # 6.6 % 17 ,'. S " ,i$,+i% d%,%i!g gig"-$%; sig!"&s is$9+i$d #$ " 'i& +g. H$ %- ,i$,+i% +ss " 7.// 8F dis0 ,"",i%$ (C6) % ,"%+$ %- RFsig!"&s #$' %- 'i& -!. T- &"d &!g%- # %- ,"",i%$ is #i=d "s 1> '' 3i%- " s",i!g

# > '' %3! %- &"ds % g% %- dsi$d #$9+!,2. T- dis0 ,"",i%$ "&!g 3i%- %- &"ds

",%s "s " s'"&& gig"-$%; & "!%!!" % ,&&,% %- RF sig!"&s #$' %- 'i& -!.

O?"' IC CA6167 (IC1) is +sd i! %- ,i$,+i% "s " ,+$$!%?%?*&%"g ,!*$%$ 3i%- ,"",i%$C6 ,!!,%d %3! i%s i!*$%i!g "!d !!?i!*$%i!g i!+%s. I% is " CMOS *$si! +si!g g"%?

$%,%d ?,-"!!& MOSFET %$"!sis%$s i! %- i!+% % $*id *$2 -ig- i!+% i'd"!, *$2

&3 i!+% ,+$$!% "!d *$2 -ig- sd # $#$'"!,. T- +%+% CMOS %$"!sis%$ is ,""& #s3i!gi!g %- +%+% *&%"g % 3i%-i! 17 'V # i%-$ s+&2 *&%"g %$'i!"&.

C"",i%$ C6 i! ,!@+!,%i! 3i%- %- &"d i!d+,%"!, ",%s "s " %$"!s'issi! &i! %-"% i!%$,%s

%- sig!"&s #$' %- 'i& -!. T-is ,"",i%$ ,$"%s " #i&d s%$s !$g2 "!d %$"!s#$s %-

s%$d !$g2 i! %- #$' # 'i!+% ,+$$!% % %- i!+%s # IC1. T-is 3i&& +s% %- "&"!,di!+% # IC1 "!d ,!*$% %- ,+$$!% i!% %- ,$$s!di!g +%+% *&%"g.

C"",i%$ C "&!g 3i%- -ig-?*"&+ $sis%$ R1 0s %- !!?i!*$%i!g i!+% s%"& #$ "s2

s3i!g # %- +%+% % -ig- s%"%. Rsis%$ R/ $*ids %- dis,-"$g "%- #$ ,"",i%$ C.

Fd",0 $sis%$ R6 '"0s %- i!*$%i!g i!+% -ig- 3-! %- +%+% ,'s -ig-. C"",i%$C: (F) is ,!!,%d ",$ss s%$ (i! 7 "!d !+&& i!+%s (i! 1) # IC1 #$ -"s

,'!s"%i! "!d g"i! ,!%$& % %i'i; %- #$9+!,2 $s!s.

W-! %- 'i& -! sig!"& is d%,%d 2 C6 %- +%+% # IC1 ,'s -ig- "!d &3"&%$!"%&2 ",,$di!g % %- #$9+!,2 # %- sig!"& "s i!di,"%d 2 LED1. T-is %$igg$s

'!s%"& %i'$ IC/ %-$+g- ,"",i%$ C. C"",i%$ C '"i!%"i!s %- "s i"s # %$"!sis%$

T1 #$ #"s% s3i%,-i!g ",%i!. T- &3?*"&+ %i'i!g ,'!!%s R "!d C< $d+, *$2 s-$%

%i' d&"2 % "*id "+di !+is"!,.

-& WORKING O0 MOBILE B!G


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Purpo2e o3 t4e circuit

T-is ,i$,+i% is i!%!dd % d%,% +!"+%-$i;d +s # 'i& -!s i! ="'i!"%i! -"&&s

,!#id!%i"& $'s %,. I% "&s -&s % d%,% +!"+%-$i;d *id "!d "+di $,$di!gs. I% d%,%s%- sig!"& #$' 'i& -!s *! i# i% is 0% i! %- si&!% 'd. I% "&s d%,%s SMS.

CONCEPTMi& -! +ss RF 3i%- " 3"*&!g%- # 67,' "% >/ % /17 MH;. T-"% is %- sig!"& is -ig-

#$9+!,2 3i%- -+g !$g2. W-! %- 'i& -! is ",%i* i% %$"!s'i%s %- sig!"& i! %- #$'

# si! 3"* 3-i,- "sss %-$+g- %- s",. T- !,dd "+di*id sig!"& ,!%"i!s&,%$'"g!%i, $"di"%i! 3-i,- is i,0d + 2 %- $,i*$ i! %- "s s%"%i!. Mi& -!

s2s%' is $#$$d % "s C&&+&"$ T&-! s2s%' ,"+s %- ,*$"g "$" is di*idd i!%

,&&s ",- # 3-i,- -"s " "s s%"%i!. T- %$"!s'i%%$ 3$ # %- 'd$! /G "!%!!" i! %-

"s s%"%i! is /7?177 3"%%s.W-! " GSM (G&"& S2s%' # Mi& ,''+!i,"%i!) digi%"& -! is %$"!s'i%%i!g %- sig!"&

is %i' s-"$d 3i%- %-$ +s$s. T-"% is "% "!2 ! s,!d ",- # %- > +s$s ! %- s"'

#$9+!,2 is "&&%%d 1> # %- %i' "!d %- sig!"& is $,!s%i%+%d 2 %- $,i*$ % #$' %-

s,-. P"0 3$ +%+% # " 'i& -! ,$$s!ds % / 3"%%s 3i%- "! "*$"g # /:7 'i&&i3"%%s # ,!%i!++s 3$. E",- -"!ds% 3i%- i! " ,&& is "&&%%d " "$%i,+&"$ #$9+!,2 #$ i%s

+s. T- 'i& -! %$"!s'i%s s-$% sig!"&s "% $g+&"$ i!%$*"&s % $gis%$ i%s "*"i&"i&i%2 % %-!"$s% "s s%"%i!. T- !%3$0 d"%" "s s%$s %- i!#$'"%i! %$"!s'i%%d 2 %- 'i&

-!. I# %- 'i& -! '*s #$' ! ,&& % "!%-$ i% 3i&& 0 %- ,!!,%i! 3i%- %-

"s s%"%i! -"*i!g s%$!gs% %$"!s'issi!. Mi& -! "&3"2s %$is % '"0 ,!!,%i! 3i%-%- "*"i&"& "s s%"%i!. T-"% is 3-2 %- ",0 &ig-% # %- -! %+$!s ! i!%$'i%%!%&2 3-i&

%$"*&i!g. T-is 3i&& ,"+s s*$ "%%$2 d$"i!. S i! &!g @+$!2s "%%$2 3i&& #&"% 3i%- i! " #3

-+$s.

AM R"di +ss #$9+!,is %3! 1>7 0H; "!d 1. MH;. FM $"di +ss >> % 1>7 MH;. TV

+ss 7 % >: MH;. W"*s "% -ig-$ #$9+!,is +% 3i%- i! %- RF $gi! is ,"&&d Mi,$

3"*s. Mi& -! +ss -ig- #$9+!,2 RF 3"* i! %- 'i,$ 3"* $gi! ,"$$2i!g -+g"'+!% # &,%$'"g!%i, !$g2. T-"% is 3-2 +$!i!g s!s"%i! d*&s i! %- "$ i# %-

'i& is +sd #$ " &!g $id. +s% &i0 " 'i,$ 3"* *! 'i& -! is ,0i!g %-

%iss+s i! %- "$. RF $"di"%i! #$' %- -! ,"+ss s,i&&"%i! # &"$ '&,+&s &i0 3"%$ i!%- %iss+s. T-is g!$"%s -"% %-$+g- #$i,%i! @+s% &i0 %- $i!,i& # 'i,$3"* *!. T-

s%$!gs% $"di"%i! #$' %- 'i& -! is "+% / 3"%%s 3-i,- ,"! '"0 ,!!,%i! 3i%- "

"s s%"%i! &,"%d / % 6 0' "3"2.

Wor5i6g o3 circuit7

O$di!"$2 LC (Ci&?C"",i%$) ,i$,+i%s "$ +sd % d%,% &3 #$9+!,2 $"di"%i! i! %- AM "!d

FM "!ds. T- %+!d %"!0 ,i$,+i% -"*i!g " ,i& "!d " *"$i"& ,"",i%$ $%$i* %- sig!"& #$'

%- ,"$$i$ 3"*. B+% s+,- LC ,i$,+i%s ,"!!% d%,% -ig- #$9+!,2 3"*s !"$ %- 'i,$3"*$gi!. H!, i! %- ,i$,+i% " ,"",i%$ is +sd % d%,% RF #$' 'i& -! ,!sid$i!g %-"%

" ,"",i%$ ,"! s%$ !$g2 *! #$' "! +%sid s+$, "!d s,i&&"% &i0 LC ,i$,+i%.


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R1 3.9 M

R2

100K R3 1 M

LED

Red

9 V Battery

C1

0.22 UF

C2100

2!VUF

IC1

IC1

C" 3130

2

3

4

7

#

0.1

R4 100 R

R! 100RBU$$ER

C

Fig(3)

!2e o3 c8p8citor

A ,"",i%$ -"s %3 &,%$ds s"$"%d 2 " di&,%$i, &i0 "$ 'i," %,. T- !! &"$i;d

dis, ,"",i%$ is +sd % "ss AC "!d !% DC. C"",i%$ ,"! s%$ !$g2 "!d "ss AC sig!"&sd+$i!g dis,-"$g. 7.// 8F ,"",i%$ is s&,%d ,"+s i% is " &3 *"&+ ! "!d -"s &"$g s+$#",

"$" % ",,% !$g2 #$' %- 'i& $"di"%i!. T d%,% %- sig!"& %- s!s$ "$% s-+&d

&i0 "! "$i"&. S %- ,"",i%$ is "$$"!gd "s " 'i!i & "$i"& (si'i&"$ % %- di& "!%!!"+sd i! TV).I! s-$% 3i%- %-is "$$"!g'!% %- ,"",i%$ 3$0s &i0 "! "i$ ,$ ,i& 3i%- "i&i%2

% s,i&&"% "!d dis,-"$g ,+$$!%.

9o: t4e c8p8citor 2e62e2 R0;

O! &"d # %- ,"",i%$ g%s DC #$' %- si%i* $"i& "!d %- %-$ &"d gs % %- !g"%i*i!+% # IC1. S %- ,"",i%$ g%s !$g2 #$ s%$"g. T-is !$g2 is "&id % %- i!+%s # IC1

s %-"% %- i!+%s # IC "$ "&'s% "&"!,d 3i%- 1. *&%s. I! %-is s%"% +%+% is ;$. B+% "% "!2

%i' IC ,"! gi* " -ig- +%+% i# " s'"&& ,+$$!% is i!d+,d % i%s i!+%s. T-$ " !"%+$"&&,%$'"g!%i, #i&d "$+!d %- ,"",i%$ ,"+sd 2 %- :7H; #$' &,%$i,"& 3i$i!g. W-! %-

'i& -! $"di"%s -ig- !$g2 +&s"%i!s ,"",i%$ s,i&&"%s "!d $&"s !$g2 i! %-

i!+%s # IC. T-is s,i&&"%i! is i!di,"%d 2 %- #&"s-i!g # %- LED "!d i!g # B+;;$. I!s-$% ,"",i%$ ,"$$is !$g2 "!d is i! "! &,%$'"g!%i, #i&d. S " s&ig-% ,-"!g i! #i&d

,"+sd 2 %- RF #$' -! 3i&& dis%+$ %- #i&d "!d #$,s %- ,"",i%$ % $&"s !$g2.


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-' COMPONENT LIT

REITOR

1. R1 JJJJJJJJ/./M

/. R/ JJJJJJJJ177K

6. R6 JJJJJJJJ/./M. R JJJJJJJJ1K

:. R:JJJJJJJJ 1/K

. RJJJJJJJJ 1:K

CAPACITOR

. C1 JJJJJJJJ //P

>. C/ JJJJJJJJ //P

JJJJJJJJJ7.71 8F

1:. C. T1 BC:>

1


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(6) PIN CONFIGURATION OF IC(1) IC CA 3130

Fig (4)

WORKING O0 IC

ROLE O0 IC CA %#%,

T-is IC is " 1: MH; BiMOS O$"%i!"& "'&i#i$ 3i%- MOSFET i!+%s "!d i&"$ +%+%. T-

i!+%s ,!%"i! MOSFET %$"!sis%$s % $*id *$2 -ig- i!+% i'd"!, "!d *$2 &3 i!+%,+$$!% "s &3 "s 17A. I% -"s -ig- sd # $#$'"!, "!d s+i%"& #$ &3 i!+% ,+$$!%

"&i,"%i!s.

CA6167A "!d CA6167 "$ "'s %-"% ,'i! %- "d*"!%"g # %- CMOS "!d i&"$

%$"!sis%$s. G"%?$%,%d P?C-"!!& MOSFET (PMOS) %$"!sis%$s "$ +sd i! %- i!+% ,i$,+i%

% $*id *$2?-ig-?i!+% i'd"!, *$2?&3?i!+% ,+$$!% "!d =,%i!"& sd

$#$'"!,. T- +s # PMOS %$"!sis%$s i! %- i!+% s%"g $s+&%s i! ,''!?'d i!+%?*&%"g ,""i&i%2 d3! % 7.:V &3 %- !g"%i*?s+&2 %$'i!"& "! i'$%"!% "%%$i+% i!

si!g&?s+&2 "&i,"%i!s.

A CMOS %$"!sis%$?"i$ ,""& # s3i!gi!g %- +%+% *&%"g % 3i%-i! 17'V # i%-$ s+&2?*&%"g %$'i!"& ("% *$2 -ig- *"&+s # &"d i'd"!,) is '&2d "s %- +%+% ,i$,+i%.

T- CA6167 S$is ,i$,+i%s $"% "% s+&2 *&%"gs $"!gi!g #$' :V % 1V (/.:V % >V).

T-2 ,"! -"s ,'!s"%d 3i%- " si!g& =%$!"& ,"",i%$ "!d -"* %$'i!"&s #$

"d@+s%'!% # ##s% *&%"g #$ "&i,"%i!s $9+i$i!g ##s%?!+&& ,""i&i%2. T$'i!"& $*isi!s"$ "&s '"d % $'i% s%$i!g # %- +%+% s%"g. T- CA6167A ##$s s+$i$ i!+%

,-"$",%$is%i,s *$ %-s # %- CA6167.


13/52

0e8ture2

MOSFET I!+% S%"g P$*ids

? V$2 Hig- I 1.: T

? V$2 L3 ,+$$!% :A "% 1:V O$"%i! Id"& #$ Si!g&?S+&2 A&i,"%i!s

C''!?Md I!+%?V&%"g R"!g I!,&+ds Ng"%i* S+&2 R"i& I!+% T$'i!"&s ,"!

S3+!g 7.:VB&3 Ng"%i* S+&2 R"i& CMOS O+%+% S%"g P$'i%s Sig!"& S3i!g % Ei%-$ ($ %-) S+&2 R"i&s

Applic8tio62

G$+!d?R#$!,d Si!g& S+&2 A'&i#i$s.

F"s% S"'&?H&d A'&i#i$s.

L!g?D+$"%i! Ti'$s M!s%"&s. Hig-?I!+%?I'd"!, C'"$"%$s (Id"& I!%$#", 3i%- Digi%"& CMOS).

Hig-?I!+%?I'd"!, Wid"!d A'&i#i$s. V&%"g F&&3$s (.g. F&&3$ #$ Si!g&?S+&2 DA C!*$%$).

V&%"g Rg+&"%$s (P$'i%s C!%$& # O+%+% V&%"g D3! % 7V). P"0 D%,%$s.

Si!g&?S+&2 F+&&?W"* P$,isi! R,%i#i$s.

P-%?Did S!s$ A'&i#i$s.


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(2) IC NE 555 TIMER

Fig (!)T- NE::: IC is " -ig-&2 s%"& ,!%$&&$ ,""& # $d+,i!g ",,+$"% %i'i!g +&ss. Wi%- "

'!s%"& $"%i! %- %i' d&"2 is ,!%$&&d 2 ! =%$!"& $sis%$ "!d ! ,"",i%$.

Wi%- "! "s%"& $"%i! %- #$9+!,2 "!d d+%2 ,2,& "$ ",,+$"%&2 ,!%$&&d 2 %3 =%$!"&$sis%$s "!d ! ,"",i%$.

DETAIL O0 PIN

1. G$+!d is %- i!+% i! # %- s+$, # %- !g"%i* DC *&%"g

/. %$igg$ !g"%i* i!+% #$' %- &3$ ,'"$"%$s (,'"$"%$ B) %-"% '"i!%"i!

s,i&&"%i! ,"",i%$ *&%"g i! %- &3s% 1 6 V,, "!d s% RS #&i?#&6. O+%+% %- +%+% i! # %- IC :::.

. Rs% %- i! %-"% s$*s % $s% %- &"%,- i!sid %- IC % i!#&+!%i"& % $s% %- IC3$0. T-is i! is ,!!,%d % " PNP?%2 %$"!sis%$ g"% s %- %$"!sis%$ 3i&& ",%i*

i# gi*! " &gi, &3. N$'"&&2 %-is i! is ,!!,%d di$,%&2 % V,, % $*!% $s%:. C!%$& *&%"g %-is i! s$*s % $g+&"% %- s%"i&i%2 # %- $#$!, *&%"g !g"%i*

i!+% (,'"$"%$ A). T-is i! ,"! % -"!gi!g +% % !s+$ %- s%"i&i%2 # %-

$#$!, ,'"$"%$ A +s+"&&2 "ss,i"%d 3i%- " ,"",i%$ # "+% 17!F % i!g$+!d

. %-$s-&d %-is i! is ,!!,%d % %- si%i* i!+% (,'"$"%$ A) 3-i,- 3i&& $s% %-

RS #&i?#& 3-! %- *&%"g ! %- ,"",i%$ #$' =,di!g / 6 V,. Dis,-"$g %-is i! is ,!!,%d % "! ! ,&&,%$ %$"!sis%$ Q1 is ,!!,%d % g$+!d

'i%%$. S3i%,-i!g %$"!sis%$ s$*s % ,&"' %- ,$$s!di!g !d % g$+!d ! %-

%i'i!g # ,$%"i!>. V,, i! i% % $,i* " DC *&%"g s+&2. Us+"&&2 3i&& 3$0 %i'"&&2 i# gi*! " :?1:V.

T- ,+$$!% s+&2 ,"! s! i! %- d"%"s-% 3-i,- is "+% 17?1:'A.

0e8ture2

Hig- C+$$!% D$i* C""i&i%2 (/77'A)


15/52

Ad@+s%"& D+%2 C2,&

T'$"%+$ S%"i&i%2 # 7.77:C

Ti'i!g #$' S, % H+$s T+$! ## Ti' Lss %-"! / 8S,

Applic8tio62 P$,isi! Ti'i!g

P+&s G!$"%i!

Ti' D&"2 G!$"%i! S9+!%i"& Ti'i!g

(7)BRIE0 DECRIPTION O0 OT9ER COMPONENT


16/52

#. REITOR

Fig ()

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dsig!. Rsis%$s ,"! i!%g$"%d i!% -2$id"!d$i!%d ,i$,+i%s"s 3&& "s i!%g$"%d ,i$,+i%s.Si; "!d si%i! # &"ds ($ %$'i!"&s) "$ $&*"!% % 9+i'!% dsig!$s $sis%$s '+s%

-2si,"&&2 &"$g !+g- !% % *$-"% 3-! dissi"%i!g %-i$ 3$.

2. CAPACITOR

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_componenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportionality_(mathematics)#Direct_proportionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_currenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohm's_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_networkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistance_wirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_resistancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering_tolerance#Electrical_component_tolerancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_power#In_circuitshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperature_coefficienthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_noisehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inductancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Critical_resistance&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid_circuithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printed_circuit_boardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_circuitshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passive_componenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_symbolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Resistor_symbol_America.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Resistor_symbol_Europe.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:3_Resistors.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passive_componenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_symbolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_componenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportionality_(mathematics)#Direct_proportionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_currenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohm's_lawhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_networkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistance_wirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_resistancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering_tolerance#Electrical_component_tolerancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_power#In_circuitshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperature_coefficienthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_noisehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inductancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Critical_resistance&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid_circuithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printed_circuit_boardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_circuits


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-"s -ig- dissi"%i! #",%$ -ig- #$9+!,2 ,##i,i!% # dissi"%i!.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passive_componenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ewald_Georg_von_Kleisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_symbolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passivity_(engineering)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_componenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_conductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectrichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potential_differencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_fieldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faradhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_chargehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leakage_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leakage_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalent_series_resistancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakdown_voltagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_currenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_currenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_supplyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_supplyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LC_circuithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceramichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectrichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperature_coefficienthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EIA_Class_1_dielectrichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EIA_Class_2_dielectrichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissipation_factorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Capacitor_Symbol_alternative.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Photo-SMDcapacitors.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passive_componenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ewald_Georg_von_Kleisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_symbolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passivity_(engineering)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_componenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_conductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectrichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potential_differencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_fieldhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faradhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_chargehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leakage_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leakage_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead_(electronics)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalent_series_resistancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakdown_voltagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_currenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_currenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_supplyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_supplyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LC_circuithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceramichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectrichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperature_coefficienthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EIA_Class_1_dielectrichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EIA_Class_2_dielectrichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissipation_factor


18/52

Fig (>)

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+&s s+,- "s g!$"%d 2 "! "%'s-$i, !+,&"$ =&si!.

Type

Bipolar junction transistor

T-i&"$ @+!,%i! %$"!sis%$(BT) 3"s %- #i$s% %2 # %$"!sis%$ % '"ss?$d+,d. Bi&"$

%$"!sis%$s "$ s !"'d ,"+s %-2 ,!d+,% 2 +si!g %- '"@$i%2 "!d 'i!$i%2 ,"$$i$s. T-

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s'i,!d+,%$ 0!3! "s %- "s $gi! (%3 @+!,%i! dids 3i$d %g%-$ 3i%-+% s-"$i!g "!
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Complementary-symmetry&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microphonicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_carbidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Televisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Televisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_mobilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplifier#Linearityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_fidelityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_recording_and_reproductionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_pulsehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_pulsehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_explosionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipolar_junction_transistorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-n_junctionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-n_junctionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Complementary-symmetry&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microphonicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_carbidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Televisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Televisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_mobilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplifier#Linearityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_fidelityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_recording_and_reproductionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_pulsehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_pulsehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_explosionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipolar_junction_transistorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-n_junctionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-n_junction


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i!%$*!i!g s'i,!d+,%i!g $gi! 3i&& !% '"0 " %$"!sis%$). T- BT is +s#+& i! "'&i#i$s

,"+s %- ,+$$!%s "% %- 'i%%$ "!d ,&&,%$ "$ ,!%$&&"& 2 %- $&"%i*&2 s'"&& "s

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#$ -ig-?3$ "&i,"%i!s.

U!&i0 %- FET %- BT is " &35i!+%?i'd"!, d*i,. A&s "s %- "s5'i%%$ *&%"g

(V) is i!,$"sd %- "s5'i%%$ ,+$$!% "!d -!, %- ,&&,%$5'i%%$ ,+$$!% (I,) i!,$"s

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3i!d3 i! %- ",0"g "!d "$ ,"&&d-%%$"!sis%$s.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode_modelling#Shockley_diode_modelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipolar_junction_transistor#Ebers.E2.80.93Moll_modelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transconductancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phototransistorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode_modelling#Shockley_diode_modelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bipolar_junction_transistor#Ebers.E2.80.93Moll_modelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transconductancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phototransistor


23/52

&. Lig4t?e1itti6g =io=e

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s'i,!d+,%$. T- LED is +s+"&&2 s'"&& i! "$" (&ss %-"! 1 ''/) 3i%- i!%g$"%d %i,"&

,'!!%s % s-" i%s $"di"%i! "%%$! "!d "ssis% i! $#&,%i!.

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sig!"&s. T- ,'",% si; # LEDs -"s "&&3d !3 %=% "!d *id dis&"2s "!d s!s$s %

d*&d 3-i& %-i$ -ig- s3i%,-i!g $"%s "$ +s#+& i! ,''+!i,"%i!s %,-!&g2.

Fig (12) >8riou2 t


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26/52

-* APPLICATION

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27/52

-+ LIMITATION

RANGE O0 T9E CIRC!IT

T- $%%2 *$si! -"s !&2 &i'i%d $"!g # / '%$s. B+% i# " P$"'&i#i$ s%"g +si!g FET$ MOSFET %$"!sis%$ is +sd "s "! I!%$#", %3! %- ,"",i%$ "!d IC $"!g ,"!

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-#, 0!T!RE WORK

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29/52

-## CONCL!ION

T-is ,0%?si; 'i& %$"!s'issi! d%,%$ $ s!i##$ ,"! s!s %- $s!, # "! ",%i*"%d

'i& ,&& -! #$' " dis%"!, # ! "!d?"?-" '%$s. S i% ,"! +sd % $*!% +s #

'i& -!s i! ="'i!"%i! -"&&s ,!#id!%i"& $'s %,. I% is "&s +s#+& #$ d%,%i!g %- +s# 'i& -! #$ s2i!g "!d +!"+%-$i;d *id %$"!s'issi!.


30/52

(12) DATASHEETS

1. IC CA 3130


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2. IC NE 555 TIMER


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(13) REFERENCE

333.gg&.,'

333.3i0idi".$g

333.d#'",-i!.,'

333.#2'"g.,'

333.d"%"s-%s+.,'

Documents

Mobile Bug Project Report