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Mobile Informatics for Global Logistics
Prof. Chin E. LinDistinguished Chair Professor
School of e-BusinessSouth China University of Technology
Informatics System
Informatics system is a concept of general integration of hardware, firmware, and software to create a powerful information world of linkage from any nodes to any systems3C (computer, communication, and consumer) are recognized as modern products to establish informatics environment
Informatics System
Informatics System hardware and software processes data acquisition and message exchange under environment freedom Wireless communication might be a necessary means to connect broadlyFlexible networks, such as Internet, are built for message access
Informatics SystemRequires
CPU to manage, interface to link and access, means to communicate network to handle data exchange,
Perform system integration of different functions of hardware and software under heterogeneous distributed structure
Developing Goals Easy operation and flexible message access, user friendly, function powerful, low power consumption, small size, light weight, maybe low cost Handling high efficiency, high quality, and high reliability
Mobile InformaticsCreate a new environment for persons to access information exchange with large distribute systems through wireless communication under mobile freedom, broadband superiority and privacy in security
Technology Supports for Mobile Informatics
Mobile EnvironmentLocal area coverage: wireless resource that covers limited range in good communication quality of service (QoS)Wide area coverage: wireless resource that covers unbound, unlimited range of appreciated communication QoS
Mobile Environment“Mobile” is a term to express movement freedom from one site to anotherWireless communication enables one to communicate to the others from any roaming placesMobile informatics system becomes a key solution to promote e-commerce more efficiently in real time.
Wireless EnvironmentWireless system is a modern technology to connect terminals using different resources of radio frequencies.Various wireless systems have different characteristics for adoption to meet the application requirements.
Wireless DemandsMobile informatics demands wireless system to support high speed, broad bandwidth, wider coverage, in high reliability, high stability, high performance and low costWireless needs HQoS
Long Range RF WirelessHigh power radio frequency communication from VHF (30 MHz –300 MHz) to UHF (300 MHz – 3 GHz) in FDMA simplex or duplex Carrying directional long range coverage (
Local Area WirelessLow power RF, VHF or UHF, short range (
Bluetooth
BB Network, Local Loop
ADSL/Cable/FTTx
Backbond
Cellular( GSM/GPRS/3
G/PHS)
台中都會骨幹網路
高雄都會骨幹網路
台北 都會骨幹網路
地區接取網路
AP
APWLAN
(WLAN based onBB Network)
AP
Dual-Network
Basestation
• m-Govt.• ITS• m-Health, etc.
•m-Game•M-TV•….
Govt.
Business
•m-Commerce•Video Conference
Construct BB Network Promote Application Services
Home
WLAN for M-Taiwan
http://www.nttdocomo.co.jp/english/p_s/products/keitai/503i/f503i/f503i.html
WLAN Range
WLAN in door
Wi-Fi
Wide Area Wireless
Mobile communication 2G & 2.5G, 1.8 GHz in TDMA, 3G, 1.8 GHz in CDMA, Omni-directional 550 m to hand overFuture WiMax (802.16, 4G), 6~66 GHz, CDMA, Omni-directional 1~5 km to hand over
Mobile Communication Infrastructure
Cellular type base stations to connect
mobile stations
GSM v.s. GPRS Structure
Mobile Communication Trend
WiMAX
WiMax
WiMax in wide range coverage to 5 km or fartherHigher power and wider spectrum and bandwidthPerformance for voice, data, image, and video in real time
Wide Area Wireless
Satellite communication carries frequency of UHF(0.3~3 GHz) or EHF (30~300 GHZ) to penetrating ionosphere in TDMA or CDMA relaying globally from LEO (low earth orbits) mobile constellation
Communication Satellite
、
SATCOM
Location-Based InformaticsAwareness of position information being an important change of informatics systemPositioning methods become well-developed under supports of GPS (1990), GLONASS(?), or Galileo (2008)Mobile Base Transceiver Station (BTS) positioning is adoptable (2004)
GPS Satellite in GEO (1984)
Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS)(1990)
Galileo (2008)
GPS Positioning (1990)
Theoretically, 3 or more GPS signals may determine a position from radio frequency signal propagation
GSM BTS Positioning (2004)
BTS signal propagation 550 meters in each cycle of TA from the concentric circle
GSM BTS Positioning
Calculation of time difference of arrival (TDOA) from different BTS
Find intersection area for position assessment
BTS Positioning (2004)550 × TA ≤ D < 550 × (TA + 1) mMS position can be calculated by:
aaaa Dvyyxx =+−+−2
02
0 )()(
bbbb Dvyyxx =+−+−2
02
0 )()(
cccc Dvyyxx =+−+−2
02
0 )()(
Positioning for Tracking
3C products
Informatics needs Brain
Informatics system needs a CPU to handle jobs and to link hardware via software Personal computer or microprocessor are most suitable candidates for flexible applicationsSuitable operation system (OS) may require
PC Architecture
CPU
Different kinds of CPUs are available for system design and applications
Microprocessor to play alone
System SoftwarePersonal computer adopts high-level language for easy-programmingMicroprocessor uses low-level language for faster processingVisual Basic (VB), Borland C Builder (BCB), Java, C-language, are quite popular software in the informatics system developments
Operating System
System NetworkingInformatics system takes advantages to interconnect with other system through Internet to remote nodes or via Intranet to local nodesInternet is presently global link to everyoneIntranet serves locally for high QoS
Internet means global
Intranet
Internet for Data AccessInternet is a worldwide information highway to link all message into one simple protocolInternet becomes anywhere to access data from all terminalsInternet server plays an important role to serve data stream for linkagesInternet is now and future
ProtocolInformatics system exchanges message from nodes to nodes, communication protocols, TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) or UDP (User Datagram Protocol), should be predetermined to carry certain format of message in and out
TCP v.s. UDPTCP is most reliable to send message, but is slower to transmitUDP is capable for mass data in prompt delivery, however, unreliable to require software to assure reliability
TCP/UDP Data PacketTCP packet in strict form
UDP packet in rather random form
Client-Server Architecture
OSI for InformaticsSQL
ServerDatabase
Application LayerClient Application
Transport LayerTCP
Internet LayerIP
Network Interface LayerGPRS(GSM RF)
Application Layer Server Application
Transport LayerTCP
Internet LayerIP
Network Interface LayerEthernet
ServerClient
+
Informatics InterfaceInformatics system is designed to interconnect with other device or facility via proper interfaceWired interfaces, such as RS232, IEEE 488, 485, 1394b, USB, PCI and AGP bus, SATA -133 IDE, are most available Other wireless interface, such as blue tooth, IR, are also mature for adoption
RS232 of most available
USB
USB 1.112Mbps
USB 2.0480Mbps
USB connecting to 127 peripherals
IEEE 1394b Plastic FiberTransmitting speed: 100, 200, and 400MB/s, future 1.6~3.2 GB/sSupporting 63 nodes with in 4.5 mConnector 6 pin including power, or 4 pin no powered
Bluetooth
Bluetooth is capable to connect multiple nodes of various protocols simultaneously to computer, printer, cell phone, camera, PDA, and 3C products
Infrared (IR)Although IR is directional, IR is capable for wireless interfacing to computers, PDAs, cell phones and webcam, cameras.
Comparison of InterfacesInterface Transmitting SpeedSerial Port 115 kbits/sStandard parallel port (SPP) 115 kBytes/sUSB 1.1 12 Mbits/s (1.5 MBytes/s)ECP/EEP parallel port 3 MBytes/sIDE 3.3-16.7 MBytes/sIEEE 1394 100-400 Mbits/s (12.5-50
MBytes/s)USB 2.0 480 Mbits/s
Informatics MemoryInformatics system makes data storage temporarily or for longInformatics system design introduces RAM/ROM to enhance function capabilityBuild-in memory in informatics system hardware design
Memory Devices
IdentificationInformatics system ensures privacy and security using different categories of identification methodNon-contact technologies, such as Bar Code/RFID/IR/Ultrasonic Contact technologies, such as IC Card/SIM, finger print
Bar Codes
RFID
Finger Print ID
Finger print to ensure privacy or personal security
System Identifier Module (SIM) is the key to connect mobile communicationSIM is individual and personal for use
SIM
Mobile Informatics for Global Logistics
What is LogisticsLogistics is a branch system to support a complete systemized operation. Logistics may be a concept or a software in performance, where information is much more important connecting to all related branches into harmonized operation. Logistics has the characteristics of passing information from one to the others.
Global Logistics with Informatics
Arrival & ReceptionIn Warehouse
Delivery
Collection & Distribution
Registration
Packing
Logistic Center
Informatics Design Concept
Determine specificationsSearch for suitable and mature technologies with devices and componentsDevelop system configurationAdopt available software
Mobile Informatics SystemA hardware design to handle data acquisition from clients Requires specific functions of OS, interface, memoryAdopts communication to the others, such as PPP to a terminal or TCP/IP on to Internet into a server
Wireless onto InternetMobile communication GPRS system connect informatics onto Internet, stays always on-line in packets, and charges by data volume Wireless media onto Internet will be valuable for global logistics
Informatics HardwareSelect a microprocessor, ARM or μPSelect OS, software and interfaceIdentify necessary peripherals for DAQSelect communication media for Tx/RxSource adoptable ICs and modulesDetermine system functionsDesign flow concept and flow chartConsider power budget
Informatics Integration on Modules
GPRS Module
GPS Module
System Integration
Positioning for Logistics
Global Positioning System (GPS) offers the users with accurate real time position informationGPS updates every second from Geostationary Satellites to calculate user’s position in accurate longitude and latitude, with minor accurate altitude
Geodetic Information SystemWhile GPS is used to calculate client’s location data, the Geodetic Information System (GIS) is constructed to display the electronic map for surveillance and controlGIS is capable for multiple target trackingAdditional functions can be built in GIS
Server Version GIS Display
Based on Map-X
Web Version GIS
Based on Papago SDK
Mobile Informatics for Logistics
Mobile LogisticsMobile logistics establishes message exchange on an Internet platform through mobile communication systemMobile logistics demands location-based information to be aware of materials, supplies, manpower, facility, and other resources
G3 Mobile Logistics Concept
G3 Hardware in μPGPRS
Module
Micro Processor
GPS Module
GPS Output
UART
Gate
RS232Interface
DigitalI/O
Gate Control
I/O Control
EEPROMI2C
G3 is a μPbased informatics system design using 8051
G3 Firmware on μP
G3 Informatics Hardware
50 x 100 mm
Informatics Server PlatformConfigure server design conceptSelect server software engineConstruct Internet environmentEstablish software flowIdentify wire and wireless linkagesData storage and processingForward data mining
G3 Server Configuration
InternetFixed IP
DatabaseMicrosoft AccessMicrosoft SQLMySQLOracle
G3 SoftwareGIS software
MapInfo Map XPaPaGo SDK PCMapInfo MapXtremePaPaGo SDK WebMapInfo Map X MobilePaPaGo SDK PPC
Informatics PlatformUser interaction with systemUser Privacy, Personal Security, Registration, Identification, Authentication, Exchange, Modification, and Communication
Mobile Logistics
Mobile logistics requires informatics hardware to support data acquisition, access and communication onto Internet serverA client-server system architecture is organized.
Standard of Mobile LogisticsClient and server system architectureReal time data acquisitionConnect onto Internet via GPRSServer database storage and data manipulationLocation-based information from GPSGIS real time mapping and display Message Uplink and Downlink between clients and server
Mobile Logistics of Client-Server Configuration
Logistic Data AcquisitionData acquisition may be input message from logistic vehicles of:
Description of contentsQuantity of contentsPosition and speed (from GPS)Vehicle conditions such as fuel, weight, and othersTemperature of container
Security information
Logistics InformationLogistic vehicles may exchange message of
Who is on dutyWhere to goWhen to arriveHow to go, select a best routeWhich to deliver or pick upList of contents
Mobile Tracking
Mobile logistics adopts GIS for mobile tracking or surveillance on GISWeb version GIS can also support the supervisor to roam for monitoring
Mobile Tracking on PDA
Future Production ChainFuture production chain may need an overall information integration to execute production plan from raw materials to all processes, including incoming logistics and outgoing logisticsJust-in-time production from upstream to support downstream
Supplier Manufacturing Distribution Retailer Consumer
Dynamic Value Chains
Product Development Distribution Efficiency Product Replenishment
Business Development
Increased Increased competitivenesscompetitiveness
NewMaterial
NewProcess
IntegratedSolution
Key ProcessImprovement
NewProduct
Cutting-edgeTechnology
Newcommerce
New BusinessSystem
New ServiceModel
CPFR (Collaborative Plan Forecast Replenishment)
Value Chain in Global Logistics
ProductLife Cycle
ProductionChain in
Logistics System
Proper surveillance logistics system is the most important key to production control
Logistic Vehicle
Mobile Informatics for e-Care System
Internet for e-Care
e-Care System is an Internet environment:Patients are linking with wired ADSL or wireless GPRS onto the e-Care Center.Doctors or hospital medical experts are connecting to the e-Care System via wired or wireless Internet access. e-Care Center computer server is operating on Internet basis.
e-Care System Performance
Who needs e-Care
e-Care is applied to chronic patientsand geriatric patients need to take periodic biomedical data measurement to assure condition under control, keep doctors well information of patient’s situation
e-Care Informatics
ConclusionMobile informatics system is a complete function-based design for data acquisition, processing, communication, storage, and further data mining for different applications Informatics system requires integration effort to adopt mature hardware in conjunction with firmware and software for systemized operation.
Conclusion
Mobile informatics system connects client and server concept for operation harmonization. Internet, intranet and networking structure are open system to global interconnection.
ConclusionMobile communication changes the logistics in system structure and operation procedureMobile logistics promotes production chains into new era of Internet based performance to enhance efficiency Mobile logistics becomes seamless cooperative from raw material to end user, internationally
Conclusion
Mobile informatics system for e-care is emerging to an important role in future community demands. Mobile informatics system is highly potential as tomorrow’s business.
Mobile Informatics �for Global LogisticsInformatics System Informatics SystemInformatics SystemDeveloping Goals Mobile InformaticsTechnology Supports for Mobile Informatics Mobile EnvironmentMobile EnvironmentWireless EnvironmentWireless DemandsLong Range RF WirelessLocal Area WirelessBluetoothWLAN for M-Taiwan WLAN RangeWLAN in doorWi-FiWide Area WirelessGSM v.s. GPRS StructureMobile Communication Trend WiMAXWiMaxWide Area WirelessCommunication SatelliteSATCOMLocation-Based InformaticsGPS Satellite in GEO (1984)Galileo (2008)GPS Positioning (1990)GSM BTS Positioning (2004)GSM BTS PositioningBTS Positioning (2004) Informatics needs BrainPC �ArchitectureCPU System Software System Networking Internet for Data AccessProtocolTCP v.s. UDPTCP/UDP Data PacketClient-Server ArchitectureOSI for InformaticsInformatics InterfaceRS232 of most availableUSBIEEE 1394b Plastic Fiber Bluetooth Infrared (IR)Comparison of InterfacesInformatics Memory Identification Mobile Informatics �for Global LogisticsWhat is LogisticsInformatics Design Concept Mobile Informatics SystemWireless onto InternetInformatics HardwareInformatics Integration �on ModulesPositioning for LogisticsGeodetic Information SystemServer Version GIS Display Web Version GISMobile Informatics �for LogisticsMobile LogisticsG3 Mobile Logistics ConceptG3 Hardware in μP G3 Firmware on μPG3 Informatics HardwareInformatics Server PlatformG3 Server ConfigurationInformatics PlatformMobile LogisticsStandard of Mobile LogisticsMobile Logistics of �Client-Server ConfigurationLogistic Data AcquisitionLogistics InformationMobile Tracking Future Production ChainValue Chain in Global LogisticsLogistics SystemMobile Informatics �for e-Care SystemInternet for e-Caree-Care System Performance Who needs e-Care e-Care Informatics ConclusionConclusionConclusionConclusion