Mod 7 Poisoning

1. Ingestion – by mouth1. Ingestion – by mouth

Ways in Which Poisoning May OccurWays in Which Poisoning May Occur

First Aid Visual AidsFirst Aid Visual AidsPoisoningPoisoning

PHILIPPINE NATIONAL RED CROSSPHILIPPINE NATIONAL RED CROSSSAFETY SERVICESSAFETY SERVICES

TR 7-2TR 7-2

Is any substance: solid, liquid or gas, that tends to impair health or cause death Is any substance: solid, liquid or gas, that tends to impair health or cause death when introduced into the body or into the skin surface. A poisoning emergency when introduced into the body or into the skin surface. A poisoning emergency can be life threatening.can be life threatening.

POISONPOISON

2. Inhalation – by breathing2. Inhalation – by breathing

3. Injection – by animal bites, stings, syringes3. Injection – by animal bites, stings, syringes

4. Absorption – by skin contact4. Absorption – by skin contact

• Altered mental status.Altered mental status.

Signs and SymptomsSigns and Symptoms



TR 7-3TR 7-3

Is one that is introduced into the digestive tract by way of the mouth.Is one that is introduced into the digestive tract by way of the mouth.INGESTED POISONINGESTED POISON

• History of ingesting poisons.History of ingesting poisons.• Burns around the mouth.Burns around the mouth.• Odd breath odors.Odd breath odors.

• Nausea, vomiting.Nausea, vomiting.

• DiarrheaDiarrhea

• Abdominal pain.Abdominal pain.

First Aid for Ingested PoisoningFirst Aid for Ingested Poisoning

1. Try to identify the poison.1. Try to identify the poison.

2. Place the victim on his or her left side.2. Place the victim on his or her left side.3. Monitor ABCs.3. Monitor ABCs.4. Save any empty container, spoiled food for analysis.4. Save any empty container, spoiled food for analysis.

5. Save any vomitus and keep it with the victim if he or she is taken to an 5. Save any vomitus and keep it with the victim if he or she is taken to an emergency facility.emergency facility.

• History of inhaling poisons.History of inhaling poisons.




TR 7-4TR 7-4

Is a poison breathed into the lungs.Is a poison breathed into the lungs.INHALED POISONINHALED POISON

• Breathing difficulty.Breathing difficulty.• Chest pain.Chest pain.• Cough, hoarseness, burning sensation in the throat.Cough, hoarseness, burning sensation in the throat.• Cyanosis (bluish discoloration of skin and mucous membranes).Cyanosis (bluish discoloration of skin and mucous membranes).

• Seizures, unresponsiveness (advance stages)Seizures, unresponsiveness (advance stages)• Dizziness, headache.Dizziness, headache.

First Aid for Inhaled PoisoningFirst Aid for Inhaled Poisoning

1. Remove the victim form the toxic environment and into fresh air immediately.1. Remove the victim form the toxic environment and into fresh air immediately.2. Monitor ABCs.2. Monitor ABCs.

3. Seek medical attention.3. Seek medical attention.



TR 7-5TR 7-5

• History of exposures.History of exposures.Signs and SymptomsSigns and Symptoms

Is a poison that enters the body through the skin.Is a poison that enters the body through the skin.ABSORBED POISONABSORBED POISON

• Liquid or powder on the skin.Liquid or powder on the skin.• BurnsBurns• Itching, irritation.Itching, irritation.• Redness, rash, blisters.Redness, rash, blisters.

First Aid for Absorption PoisoningFirst Aid for Absorption Poisoning

1. Remove the clothing.1. Remove the clothing.2. Then with a dry cloth blot the poison from the skin. If the poison is a 2. Then with a dry cloth blot the poison from the skin. If the poison is a dry powder, brush it offdry powder, brush it off3. Flood the area with copious amounts of water.3. Flood the area with copious amounts of water.4. Continually monitor the patient’s vital signs.4. Continually monitor the patient’s vital signs.



TR 7-6TR 7-6

• Stinger may be present.Stinger may be present.


Is a poison that enters the body through a bite, sting, or syringe.Is a poison that enters the body through a bite, sting, or syringe.INJECTED POISONINJECTED POISON

• PainPain• SwellingSwelling• Possible allergic reaction.Possible allergic reaction.

Insect BitesInsect Bites

First Aid for Insect BitesFirst Aid for Insect Bites1. Remove stinger.1. Remove stinger.2. Wash wound.2. Wash wound.3. Cover the wound.3. Cover the wound.4. Apply a cold pack.4. Apply a cold pack.5. Watch for signals of allergic reaction.5. Watch for signals of allergic reaction.



TR 7-7TR 7-7

• Bite mark.Bite mark.


• SwellingSwelling• PainPain• Nausea and vomitingNausea and vomiting

Spider Bite/Scorpion StingSpider Bite/Scorpion Sting

First Aid for Spider bite / Scorpion stingFirst Aid for Spider bite / Scorpion sting

1. Wash wound.1. Wash wound.

2. Apply a cold pack2. Apply a cold pack

3. Get medical care to receive antivenin.3. Get medical care to receive antivenin.

4. Call local emergency number, if necessary.4. Call local emergency number, if necessary.

• Difficulty breathing or swallowing.Difficulty breathing or swallowing.



TR 7-8TR 7-8

• Possible marksPossible marks


• PainPain• SwellingSwelling• Possible allergic reaction.Possible allergic reaction.

Marine Life StingsMarine Life Stings

First Aid for Marine Life stingsFirst Aid for Marine Life stings

1. If jellyfish – soak area in vinegar.1. If jellyfish – soak area in vinegar.

2. If sting ray – soak in nonscalding hot water until pain goes away.2. If sting ray – soak in nonscalding hot water until pain goes away.

3. Clean and bandage the wound.3. Clean and bandage the wound.

4. Call local emergency number, if necessary.4. Call local emergency number, if necessary.



TR 7-9 TR 7-9

• Possible marksPossible marks


• PainPain

Snake BitesSnake Bites

First Aid for Snake bitesFirst Aid for Snake bites

1. Wash wound.1. Wash wound.

2. Keep bitten part still, and lower than the heart.2. Keep bitten part still, and lower than the heart.

3. Call local emergency number.3. Call local emergency number.



TR 7-10 TR 7-10

• Bite mark.Bite mark.


• BleedingBleeding

Human and Animal BitesHuman and Animal Bites

First Aid for Human and Animal BitesFirst Aid for Human and Animal Bites

1. If bleeding is minor – wash wound.1. If bleeding is minor – wash wound.

2. Control bleeding.2. Control bleeding.

3. Apply antibiotic ointment.3. Apply antibiotic ointment.

4. Cover the wound.4. Cover the wound.

5. Get medical attention if wound bleeds severely or if you suspect 5. Get medical attention if wound bleeds severely or if you suspect animal has rabies.animal has rabies.

6. Call local emergency number or contact animal control personnel.6. Call local emergency number or contact animal control personnel.

1. Life-threatening emergency1. Life-threatening emergency




TR 7-11 TR 7-11

Is the self-administration of one or more drugs in a way that Is the self-administration of one or more drugs in a way that is not in accord with approved medical or social practice.is not in accord with approved medical or social practice.

DRUG ABUSEDRUG ABUSE

• UnresponsivenessUnresponsiveness• Breathing difficulties or inability Breathing difficulties or inability to maintain an open airway.to maintain an open airway.

• FeverFever

• Abnormal or irregular pulse.Abnormal or irregular pulse.

• Vomiting with an altered mental Vomiting with an altered mental status or without gag reflex.status or without gag reflex.• SeizuresSeizures

First Aid for Drug EmergenciesFirst Aid for Drug Emergencies



TR 7-12 TR 7-12

1. Establish and maintain an open airway.1. Establish and maintain an open airway.

2. Monitor the patient’s mental status and vital signs frequently.2. Monitor the patient’s mental status and vital signs frequently.

4. Take measures to prevent shock4. Take measures to prevent shock3. Maintain the patient’s body temperature.3. Maintain the patient’s body temperature.

5. Care for any behavioral problem.5. Care for any behavioral problem.

6. Support the patient.6. Support the patient.

2. High Priority for Transport2. High Priority for Transport• Altered mental status.Altered mental status.• Extremely low or high blood pressure.Extremely low or high blood pressure.

• Digestive problems, including Digestive problems, including abdominal pain and bleeding.abdominal pain and bleeding.

• Sweating tremors, and hallucinations Sweating tremors, and hallucinations (with alcohol withdrawal).(with alcohol withdrawal).

• Visual disturbance, slurred speech,Visual disturbance, slurred speech, uncoordinated muscle movement.uncoordinated muscle movement.

• Disinterested behavior, loss of Disinterested behavior, loss of memory.memory.• Combativeness.Combativeness.• Paranoia.Paranoia.

Signs of IntoxicationSigns of Intoxication



TR 7-13 TR 7-13

Is a powerful Central Nervous System (CNS) depressant.Is a powerful Central Nervous System (CNS) depressant.ALCOHOLALCOHOL

• Odor of alcohol on the breath.Odor of alcohol on the breath.• Swaying and unsteadiness.Swaying and unsteadiness.• Slurred speech.Slurred speech.• Nausea and vomiting.Nausea and vomiting.

• Flushed face.Flushed face.• Drowsiness.Drowsiness.• Violent, destructive, or erratic behavior.Violent, destructive, or erratic behavior.• Self-injury, usually without realizing it.Self-injury, usually without realizing it.

First Aid for Alcohol EmergenciesFirst Aid for Alcohol Emergencies

1. Give the same attention as you would to any patient with an illness or injury.1. Give the same attention as you would to any patient with an illness or injury.

2. Monitor the patient’s vital signs constantly. Provide life support when necessary.2. Monitor the patient’s vital signs constantly. Provide life support when necessary.

4. Protect the patient from hurting him or herself.4. Protect the patient from hurting him or herself.

3. Position the patient to avoid aspiration of vomitus.3. Position the patient to avoid aspiration of vomitus.

Documents

Mod 7 Poisoning