Model-Driven Mechanism in Information Systems and Enterprise Engineering

EE-Forum.org

Model-Driven Mechanism in

Information Systems and

Enterprise Engineering

Model-Driven Mechanism in

Information Systems and


An extract from the lecture on Enterprise, Model, and Information System, by Mountriver TY Yu,

at Management School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China, September 23, 2007

EE-Forum.org

Towards ModelsTowards Models

The traces of models are much more than the imagination at the beginning

September, 2007 Mountriver TY Yu, EE-Forum.org 3

Some thing

Models and ModelingModels and Modeling

Modeling

Past FuturePresent Designed

Clear, Disambiguous

Model: a blueprint which is established according to some predetermined rules, to achieving expected and accurate understanding or uses

Modeling Rules(Languages) Models

and, able to be handled by computer…


Some typical answers to the uses of modelsSome typical answers to the uses of models

• visualization, graphical representation or image;• accurate representation with strict semantics instead of

free speech;• recording, sharing, communicating, to reach a

common understanding;• for analysis, diagnosis, evaluation, study;• for planning (reengineering), implementation;• for integration, interoperation;• model-driven system development (MDD, MDE);• simulating (the classical field for models and

modeling);• ...• However, are there more fundamental answer?

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Model-Driven Mechanism

Model-Driven Mechanism

An advanced mechanism to the functions and behaviors of a system


Some mechanism to changing or control the behaviors/functions of a system


Operator / Controller

driving / controlling

showing / acting on

Direct-Driving / Control Mechanism

Environment Object Observer

Functional System




in-put out-put

Feedback Mechanism

Operational Device

Controller

Environment Object Observer

control

feedback loop

Functional System

Operator Controller

adjust


A more advanced mechanism to changing or control

the functions/behaviors of a system

A more advanced mechanism to changing or control

the functions/behaviors of a system

Operational Device

Modeler

(Controller)

Modeling Knowledge

modeling

according-to / utilizes

driving / executing

according-to / interpreted-by

effected / operated-on Environment

ObjectObserver

MDM is the common fundament for both MDS and MDA/MDD. It may be an intrinsic mark for that complex systems are evolved into an advanced stage.

It accesses/uses the applied models according to the modeling knowledge

Applied Model(s)

It is worked and can be changed in runtime.

RUNTIME


Some points to understanding MDM/MDS

Some points to understanding MDM/MDS

• The independence of models: The models is independent of media and system, and can be modified, reproduced, transmitted or transferred.

• The timeliness of models*: The models work in runtime within the system.

• The evolvability of models*: MDS/MDM allows continuous changing the models when they are working in a system at runtime.

• The non-exclusive of MDM: It can be co-existed with other mechanisms in a system.

* Proposed in Yu 2002.

Note• Based on fixed model(s), i.e., can not be changed in runtime, is not

a model-driven system. • Model-Driven ≠ Model-Based


Model-Driven Mechanism (MDM)1999 - 2005

Model-Driven Mechanism (MDM)1999 - 2005

Operational DeviceController

Applied Model

Modeling Knowledge

modeling

Model-Driven Mechanism (MDM) makes all or part of functions and behaviours (or the structure and form) of a system to be controlled or mastered by model(s). (Yu 2005)

according-to / utilize-by

driving / control

according-to / interpret-by

showing acting on Environment

Object Observer

Functional SystemModel-Driven System (MDS)


Model-Driven Systems (MDS)Model-Driven Systems (MDS)

For a system, if all of its functions and behaviors can be defined, controlled and changed through MDM in runtime, then it is a full model-driven system (MDS).

In brief, MDS is a class of system that the main functions and behaviors are controlled or realized with MDM. (Yu 2005)


Two ways to changing the functions and behaviors of a system on MDM

Two ways to changing the functions and behaviors of a system on MDM

CHANGE

Way 1: direct

Way 2: indirect

Operational Device

or System

Modeler

(controller)

Modeling Knowledge

modeling


driving / used-by


effected / operated on Environment

ObjectObserver

Applied Model(s)

RESPONDING

Discoverer and

Creator


Examples of MDM/MDSExamples of MDM/MDS• MDM is appearing in many sorts of system which have own

functions or behaviors, such as software, automobiles, businesses, development projects, and so on. For instance– Many real-time embedded systems;– Executable model(s) + engine, or script + virtual machine;– Relational database management systems (and in Codd's 12 rules);– Model-Driven development (MDD): as a system producing software;– Computers themselves is one of the best example: "software" is model,

the application (with the hardware in runtime) is a model-driven system;

– ...

• Thoughts are models, so, a human being is the most advanced model-driven system.

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Using Model-Driven Mechanism

in Information Systems (ISs)


in Information Systems (ISs)


Model-Driven Enterprise Information Systems (MDEIS)

Model-Driven Enterprise Information Systems (MDEIS)

Functional Engine

Modeler, Enterprise Engineer

Modeling Rules, Languages, Frameworks, Ref. Models

User, Business Staff

Applied Models

Software Developer

according-toEnterprise Architect development

modeling

Constructing new generation of enterprise information systems on MDM

They are enterprise / business models

Application System


A demand-driven architectural framework for development of ISs, based on MDM

A demand-driven architectural framework for development of ISs, based on MDM

Study-Create

Discover-Solve

Implementing Team

Modeling Knowledge

design / modeling


driving / executing

effected / operated-on Out-put:

App Systems

Discoverer and

Creator

Foreign Knowledge

direct use

indirect use

analysis and study

Indeed, this is also an explanation about the system of model driven development.


Planner Modeler

Applied Models

(Requirements)

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in Enterprise Engineering (EE)


in Enterprise Engineering (EE)


The gap between business and IT in Enterprise Engineering

The gap between business and IT in Enterprise Engineering

• One of the basic purpose of Enterprise Engineering was to bridge the gap between business and IT.

• But in past EE, e.g., from James Martin, the methods were still paper-based, traditional and manual.

• Of course, this was not “his” problem, this is still one of the biggest problems we face today.

• We can further fill the gap left in EE, through MDM.


The gap left in EEThe gap left in EE

this picture simplified from the Exhibit 5.10 "The fusion of business methods and IT methods", Martin (1995, p80)

Information Engineering

Business Reengineering

Softw

are

Engin

eerin

g

Tota

l Quality

M

anagem

ent

the methods were still paper-

based, traditional and manual



To fill the gap in Enterprise Engineering by MDMTo fill the gap in Enterprise Engineering by MDM


Information Engineering

Business Reengineering

Softw

are

Engin

eerin

g

Tota

l Quality

M

anagem

ent

Enterprise Platform

EE/EA

EM

EM MDS

To use an enterprise model driven information system to supporting EE

MDM


The relationships between the three fields of Enterprise Engineering

The relationships between the three fields of Enterprise Engineering

Practice

Technology Knowledge

Models

Analysis / Modeling

Driving / Conversion / Mapping

Analysis / Modeling Tools, Model-Driven Platforms

the principle the models work on:Model-Driven Mechanism


Example in EE: an architectural framework for promoting and implementing e-government


Planner

according-to / utilizes Government

Objects to Service

making a dynamic cycle on MDM

IT Apps Development

Implementation System of

E-government

Government (Business)

Framework/Models

Knowledge of Modeling and Gov. Engineering

the models are independent of IT



driving / executing

effected / operated-on




Government Objects to service

more relationships and roles

Implementation System of

E-government

Government (Business)

Framework/Models

Knowledge of Modeling and Gov. Engineering

the position of the researcher to government engineering

Implementer

implement

Discoverer and

Creator

Reviewer and

Auditor

Foreign Knowledge

Planner Modeler

Note. In general, of course, this is also an architectural framework for EE (and, the EA).


ReferencesReferences

Martin, James (1995)The Great Transition: using the seven disciplines of enterprise engineering to align people, technology and strategy, James Martin -1st AMACOM pbk. ed.

Yu, TY Mountriver (2005) New Generation of Enterprise Information System: From Essential Requirements Analysis and Research to Model-Driven System, EE-Forum.org, http://www.ee-forum.org/downloads/YU_MDEIS2005_050216b.pdf

Yu, TY Mountriver (2002) The Hierarchical Principle of Complex System and Model-Driven Software Architecture , EE-Forum.org, http://www.ee-forum.org/hm.html (in Chinese)

http://www.ee-forum.org/downloads/YU_MDEIS2005_050216b.pdf

http://www.ee-forum.org/hm.html


RemarksRemarks

• This slide is an extract from the lecture on Enterprise, Model, and Information System, at Management School, Jinan University, Sep 23, 2007. This English version was translated from the whole presentation in Chinese, with a bit modification. The original file athttp://www.ee-forum.org/downloads/ty_jnu070917a.pps

• Mountriver TY Yu, January 14, 2012, China• E-mail: tongying.yu (at) gmail.com

Updated January 15, 2012

1. P20, removed the PDCA cycle: it was with more explaining but not included in this vision.

2. P22, the order to showing the 4 labels on the MDM triangle, it is now appeared at the beginning.

3. P24, corrected the error at “Martin, James (2005)” to (1995).

http://www.ee-forum.org/downloads/ty_jnu070917a.pps

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Model-Driven Mechanism in Information Systems and Enterprise Engineering