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3
Modeling Tools
Computer Aided Management of Emergency Operations (CAMEO)
Areal Locations of Hazardous Atmospheres (ALOHA)
Mapping Applications for Response, Planning, and Local Operational Tasks (MARPLOT)
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CAMEO
CAMEO Chemical search engine Linked to chemical-specific information
firefighting techniques, cleanup procedures, and protective clothing
Basic information on Tier II facilities that store chemicals
Emergency planning resources
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ALOHA
ALOHA Atmospheric dispersion model used for
evaluating releases of hazardous chemical vapors
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MARPLOT
MARPLOT Allows users to "see" data (e.g., roads,
facilities, schools, response assets) Display information on computer maps Overlay areas contaminated by potential
or actual chemical release Maps created from U.S. Bureau of
Census TIGER/Line files
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Statutes
Clean Air Act section 112(r) Section 112(r) of amended
Clean Air Act (CAA) signed into law November 15, 1990
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Managing Risk
Risk Management Planning Affect facilities that produce, handle,
process, distribute, or store certain chemicals
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Health and Safety
Objective of section112(r) is to prevent serious chemical accidents Potential to affect public
health and the environment
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Health and Safety (cont.)
Broadest sense risk management planning Relates to local emergency
preparedness and response Pollution prevention Worker safety
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Regulated Substances
139 regulated substances 77 acutely toxic substances 63 flammable gases and volatile
liquids Division 1.1 high explosives as
listed by DOT
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Quantities
Threshold quantities For toxics ranging from 500 to
20,000 pounds For all listed flammables, the
threshold quantity is 10,000 pounds
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Range of Regulation
EPA estimates approximately 66,000 sources will be covered
Compliance as of June 20, 1999 (40 CFR part 68)
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RMP
RMP (risk management plan) basics Offsite consequence analysis Evaluates specific potential release
scenarios Worst-case and alternative scenarios 5-year history of certain accidental
releases
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RMP (cont.)
RMP basics Integrated prevention program to
manage risk Emergency response program Overall management system to
supervise implementation of these program elements
RMP revised at least once every 5 years
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Chemical Library
Use CAMEO for CAA-related projects Check substance's Chemical Library record
Covered under Section 112®? If so, check threshold quantity
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Offsite Consequences Analysis
Screening & Scenarios module NOT for offsite consequence analyses required under Section 112(r)
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Gas Density
Screening & Scenarios makes only Gaussian dispersion calculations, but…
RMP Rule specifies you must "appropriately account for gas density.”
Another technique required for modeling heavy gases (Gaussian calculations designed for neutrally buoyant gases)
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Other Models
SLAB: dense gas dispersion DEGADIS: refined, models short-term
ambient concentrations and expected area of exposure for toxic chemical releases
Many commercial model$ available
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Modeling: The Big Picture
Main purpose for this class Visualize changes
Weather Surface roughness Terrain Chemical characteristics
Relate impacts to geography