Models to predict metal leaching to ground- and surface water: from soil data to

scenario studies

Bert-Jan Groenenberg, Luc Bonten, Paul Römkens

Introduction Use of reactive transport models in risk

assessment of contaminant transport to ground- and surface waters: Site applications Generic risk assessment e.g.:

• Derivation of maximum leaching of metals from building materials to groundwater

• Evaluation of sustainable soil management, according to the Dutch Soil Quality Decree, on the long term quality of (shallow) groundwater (UMG project: RIVM, ECN and Alterra)

• Calculation of metal loads from soils to surface waters in NL (Emissieregistratie)

• Scenario studies: evaluation of measures to reduce metal inputs to sggricultural soils

Need for validation

c

Geochemical models

partition relation multisurface model

adsorption/

desorption

complexatio

nsoil

solution

soil

solid

phase

Evaluation geochemical models Data from 118 Dutch soil samples from all

major soil types Prediction of total solution concentrations

from: Total reactive metal in soil (0.43 M HNO3) SOM Al/Fe-(hydr)oxides Clay content pH DOC / FA and HA

Evaluation geochemical models As

1E-10

1E-08

1E-06

1E-04

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

pH

1E-11

1E-09

1E-07

1E-05

1.E-10

1.E-08

1.E-06

1.E-04

1.E-10 1.E-08 1.E-06 1.E-04

pre

dic

ted

1.E-10

1.E-08

1.E-06

1.E-04

1.E-10 1.E-08 1.E-06 1.E-04

1.E-11

1.E-09

1.E-07

1.E-05

1.E-11 1.E-09 1.E-07 1.E-05

pre

dic

ted

1.E-11

1.E-09

1.E-07

1.E-05

1.E-11 1.E-09 1.E-07 1.E-05

partition relation multisurface model

Evaluation geochemical model Cu

1E-10

1E-08

1E-06

1E-04

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

pH

1E-09

1E-07

1E-05

1E-03

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

pH

1.E-10

1.E-08

1.E-06

1.E-04

1.E-10 1.E-08 1.E-06 1.E-04

pre

dic

ted

1.E-10

1.E-08

1.E-06

1.E-04

1.E-10 1.E-08 1.E-06 1.E-04

1.E-09

1.E-07

1.E-05

1.E-03

1.E-09 1.E-07 1.E-05 1.E-03measured

pre

dic

ted

1.E-09

1.E-07

1.E-05

1.E-03

1.E-09 1.E-07 1.E-05 1.E-03measured

partition relation multisurface model

Transport Model

Soil column 0-150 cm Discretisized in layers of 10 cm thickness Continuous flow Every timestep:

Transport Equilibration between solution and solid phase

(chemical model)

Hindcast simulation

0

20

40

60

80

100

0.00 200.00 400.00 600.00d

ep

th (c

m)

Cr (mg.kg-1)

period I

field data

period II

period III

Metal leaching to surface waters

SystemSTONE model, 6405 unique combinations of:

land use

drainage conditions

soil type (0-13 m -gl):

• soil chemical properties

• soil physical properties

Model schematization

Contribution to

Cu

Zn

leaching

deposition

industry

sewage

traffic

other

Scenario analysis

Total load on soil and leaching to surface water

manure fertilizer

organic deposition

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1 2 3 4

scenario

tota

leb

od

emb

elas

tin

g(t

on

/jaa

r)

Zink

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

2000 2020 2040 2060 2080 2100

year

Zn

lea

chin

g (

ton

s/yr

)

BAU ML ML+

Conclusions

The combination of soil data and geochemical models is a helpful tool for many questions.

Thank you for your attention!

We acknowledge: Rob Comans, Joris Dijkstra (ECN)Job Spijker (RIVM)

© Wageningen UR