Modul Sains Spm- Bab 9 (Mikrorganisma)

8/13/2019 Modul Sains Spm- Bab 9 (Mikrorganisma)

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1. MICROORGANISMS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON LIVING THINGS.

1.1 CLASSIFICATION OF MICROORGANISMS

1. The diagram shows a type of microorgaisms.

Gambar rajah menunjukkan sejenis mikroorganisma.

!hat is the microorgaism"Apakah mikroorganisma tersebut?

#. The fo$$owig iformatio shows the c$assificatio of microorgaisms.Maklumat berikut menunjukkan pengelasan mikroorganisma.

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%. !hich microorgaism ca carry o&t photosythesis"

Mikroorganisma manakah yang boleh menjalankan fotosintesis?

A A$gae

Alga

' (ir&s

Virus

C F&gi

Kulat

) *roto+oa

Protozoa,. !hich microorgaism is a a$gae"

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-.

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Mikroorganisma yang manakah adalah alga?

1.2 FACTORS T/AT AFF0CT T/0 GRO!T/ OF MICROORGANISMS

3

.

2.

C

A


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1.

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Section A

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Bahagian A

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-3a6

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- 3a6 3i6

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1.# 9S0F9L MICROORGANISMS

1. The diagram shows two types of food.

Gambar rajah menunjukkan dua jenis bahan makanan.

!hich of the fo$$owig microorgaisms is &sed to prod&ce the food"Antara mikroorganisma berikut yang manakah digunakan untuk menghasilkan makanan itu?

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SKEMA A!A"AN

1.1 CLASSIFICATION OF MICROORGANISMS

1. #. -. . %. ,. 2. .

' A A ' A A ) A

1.# FACTORS T/AT AFF0CT T/0 GRO!T/ OF MICROORGANISMS

1. #. -. . %.

C C C ) C

Sectio A

#. 3#55%6

3a6 A higher cocetratio of a ati:iotic wi$$ ;i$$ more :acteria.

Antibiotic berkepekatan tinggi membunuh lebih banyak bakteria.

3:6 3i6 Cocetratio of ati:iotic

Kepekatan antibiotic 3ii6 C$ear area

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2.


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3a6 3i6 p/=a$&e of the mi>t&re

"ilai Ph campuran

3ii6 (o$&me of the &triet :roth ad :acteria c&$t&re i the test t&:e.

#sipadu bubur nutrien dan kultur bakteri dalam tabung uji.

3:6 3i6 p/ 2

3ii6 p/ 2 is the most s&ita:$e p/ for :acteria to grow at a fast rate.

p$ % ialah nilai p$ yang paling sesuai untuk bakteria tumbuh pada kadar

cepat.

3c6 'acteria$ growth is determied :y the c$o&diess of the &triet :roth. The

more c$o&dy the &triet :roth :ecomes? the faster the :acteria growth is.

Pertumbuhan bacteria ditentukan oleh kekeruhan bubur nutrient. &emakin

keruh bubur nutrien' semakin cepat bakteria tumbuh.

#. 3#5586

-. 3#5116

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Section C

15. 3#5156

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1.- 9S0F9L MICROORGANISMS

1. #. -. . %. ,. 2.

A ) ' ' ' A A

-The End-

1.4 The harmful effects of microorganisms.

1. The diagram shows an example of a vector.

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Gambar rajah menunjukkan contoh sejenis vector.

The disease spread by the vector is

Penyakit yang disebarkan oleh vector itu ialah

A. Tuberculosis C. Mumps

Tibi beguk

B. Cholera . malaria

Taun malaria

!. "hich of the following diseases is caused by bacteria#

Antara penyakit berikut, yang manakah disebabkan oleh bacteria?

A. A$% C. engue

Denggi

B. Malaria . Tuberculosis

Tibi

&. A boy and his family have the following symptoms.

Seorang budak lelaki dan keluarganya mempunyai gejalagejala berikut.

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"hite spots on the s'in.

Tompok putih pada kulit.

%pots appear on the face( nec' and arms.


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"hich of the following can spread this disease#

Antara yang berikut, yang manakah boleh menyebarkan penyakit ini?

A. Through mos)uito bites.

!elalui gigitan nyamuk.

B. *ating uncovered food

!akan makanan yang terdedah

C. rin'ing unboiled water

!inum air yang tidak dididihkan

. %haring towels or clothes

"erkongsi tuala atau pakaian

4. iagram 4 shows an insert which can spread the pathogen of a disease#

#ajah $ menunjukkan sejenis serangga yang boleh menyebabkan pathogen sejenis penyakit.

"hat is the disease#

Apakah penyakit itu?

A. A$% C. Cholera

Taun

B. Malaria . +epatitis B

%epatitis "

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,. "hich disease is caused by fungi#

Penyakit manakah yang disebabkan oleh kulat?

A. A$% C. -ingworm

&urap

B. Cholera . Tuberculosis

Taun

1., ways to prevent infecections caused by mo

. An individual can ac)uire artificial immunity after

Seseorang individu boleh mendapat keimunan pasi' buatan selepas

A. rin'ing mother/s mil'

!enyusu susu ibunya

B. Being in0ected with vaccine

Disuntik dengan vaksin

C. -ecovering from an illness

Sembuh daripada penyakit

. Being in0ected with antiserum

Disuntik dengan antiserum

. iagram show a vector which carries an infection disease.

#ajah ( menunjukkan satu vector yang memba)a sejenis penyakit berjangkit.

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"hich method is used to control the reproduction of the vector#

&aedah yang manakah digunakan untuk menga)al pembiakan vector itu?

A. ispose of garbage in covered garbage bins

!embuang sampah ke dalam tong sampah yang bertutup

B. Cover the surface of ponds with oil

Selaputi permukaan kolam dengan minyak

C. %leep under a mos)uito net

Tidur di dalam kelambu

. -ear guppy fish

!embela ikan gapi

2. An outbrea' of dengue fever has occurred in a village.

"hat action can be ta'en to control the outbrea'#

*abak demam denggi telah berlaku di sebuah kampong.

Apakah tindakan yang boleh diambil untuk menga)al )abak tersebut?

A. Cover the food

Tutup makanan

B. Clear out stagnant water

%apuskan air bertakung

C. Avoid contact with the patients

+lakkan bersentuhan dengan pesakit

. +ave an efficient sanitary system

!e)ujudkan system pembuangan najis yang e'isyen

3. iagram 3 shows a vector at a particular stage.

#ajah menunjukkan sejenis vector pada peringkat tertentu.

"hich method is the most suitable to control the vector at this stage#

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&aedah manakah yang paling sesuai untuk menga)al vector itu pada peringkat ini?

A. -ear fish

!embela ikan

B. %pray insecticide to the surrounding area

Sembur insektisid ke ka)asan persekitaran

C. %pray oil on the surface of water

Sembur minyak di atas permukaan air

. ut abate inside the water container

!eletakkan abate ke dalam bekas air.

1. how diseases caused by pathogens are treated

15. enicillin is an

Penisilin adalah sejenis

A. Antigen C. Antitoxin

B. Antiseptic . Antibiotic

1., ways to prevent infections caused by mo

%M !552

1. a. %tate two differences between artificial active immunity and artificial passive immunity.

6ive one example of a disease which can be prevented by each type of immuni7ation.

-yatakan dua perbeaan aantara keimunan akti' buatan dengan keimunan pasi' buatan.

"eri satu contoh penyakit yang boleh dicegah oleh setiap jenis pengimunan.

84 m9

b. A group of officers from the +ealth epartment were as'ed to control dengue fever in a

residential area.

*xplain how could they overcome this problem.

Sekumpulan pega)ai dari /abatan &esihatan diarahkan untuk menga)al demam denggi di

satu ka)asan perumahan.

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%uraikan bagaimana mereka dapat mengatasi masalah ini.

:our answer should include the following ;

/a)apan anda hendaklah mengandungi perkara berikut0

identify the problem

mengenalpasti masalah

clarification of the problem

pen0elasan masalah

suggest four methods to solve the problem

cadang'an empat 'aedah untu' menyelesai'an masalah itu.

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%'ema 0awapan

1.

!.

&.

4. B

,. C

.

. A

2. B

3. B

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1. a.


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ii. >ariable ;

Constant ; type and )uantity of bacteria

/enis dan bilangan bakteria

Manipulated ; light intensity

&eamatan cahaya

-esponding ; growth and reproduction of bacteria

Pertumbuhan dan pembiakan bacteria

iii. list of apparatus and material.

Two sterile petri dishes( syringe( sterile nutrient agar( Bacillus subtillis bacteria( blac'

paper( cellophane tape.

Dua pirng petri yang disterilkan, picagari, agar nutrient yang disterilkan, bacteria

"acilllus subtillis, kertas hitam, sellotape.

iv. rocedure

1. ?btain two sterile petri dishes

!. @ill each petri dish with sterile nutrient agar and allow the agar to set.

&. sing a syringe( place 1 cm&of Bacillus subtillis bacteria into each petri dish.

4. %wirl each petri dish to spread the bacterial culture over the surface of the agar.

,. lace the cover on each petri dish using cellophane tape. Tape each cover to the

dish.

. Cover one petri dish with blac' paper to prevent light from entering it.

. lace the two petri dishes upside down in a room so that the uncovered petri dish

receives light.

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1. State two differeces :etwee artificia$ acti=e imm&ity ad artificia$ passi=e imm&ity. Gi=e oe

e>amp$e of a disease which ca :e pre=eted :y each type of imm&i+atio . 3 mar;s6

"yatakan dua perbezaan antara keimunan aktif buatan dan keimnunan pasif buatan

(eri satu contoh penyakit yang boleh dicegah oleh setiap pengimunan.

@awapa

Artificia$ Act=e Imm&ity

16 Iectio :y =accie

#6 Stim&$ate or id&ce :y the :ody to prod&ce ati:odies

-6 A s$ow imm&isatio procees

6 A $og $astig imm&isatio

%6 0>amp$es B Cho$era ? T&:erc&$osis /epatitis ' ? *o$iomye$etis

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Artificia$ *assi=e Imm&ity

16 Iectio :y atiser&m

#6 )oes ot Stim&$ate or id&ce :y the :ody to prod&ce ati:odies

-6 A fast imm&isatio procees

6 A short temporary imm&isatio

%6 0>amp$es B )iphteria ? teta&s? ra:ies? :ot&$ism ? ma$aria

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#6 A gro&p of officers from the /ea$th Of )epartmet were as;ed to cotro$ deg&e fe=er i a residetia$

area . 0>p$ai how co&$d they o=ercome this pro:$em.

&ekumpulan pegaai dari )abatan kesihatan diarahkan untuk mengaal demam denggi di satu kaasan

perumahan .

o&r aswer sho&$d ic$&de the fo$$owig

)aapan anda hendaklah merangkumi aspek berikut

3i6 Idetify the pro:$em

Mengenal pasti masalah

3ii6 C$arificatio of the pro:$em

Penjelasan masalah

3iii6 S&ggest fo&r method to so$=ethe pro:$ems

*adangkan empat kaedah penyeesaian masalah itu.

@awapa D

i6 !hat are the methods of cotro$$ig the spread of deg&e fe=er i residetia$ area

ii6 )eggi fe=er is a disease trasmitted :y fema$e Aedes mosE&itoes

iii6 pre=et mosE&itoe from :reedig :y eradicatig their :reedig gro&d? draiig away

water from cotaiers ? :&ryig cotaiers i the gro&d or co=ers with $id

i$$ the $a=ae of mosE&itoe i pods &sig :io$ogica$ cotro$ s&ch as fish ? chemica$ or a

$ayer of oi$ o the water s&rface pods or cotaiers .

i$$ ad&$t mosE&itoes :y sprayig icectiside or foggig

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A=oid :eig :itte mosE&itoes :y &sig et or coi$s

-. )iagram - shows three e>amp$es of a gro&p of microorgaisms.

+ajah , menunjukkan tiga contoh bagi mikroorganisma dari satu kumpulan.

Diag#a$ %

Rajah 3

3a6 Name the gro&p for these microorgaisms. H1 mark! - markah

"amakan kumpulan bagi mikroorganisma itu.

:6 State the types of microorgaisms accordig to their shapes. H- mark! , markah

"yatakan jenis mikroorganisma itu mengikut rupa bentuknya.

P /////////////////////////////////////////////////////

0 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////

+ /////////////////////////////////////////////////////

3c6 !hich type of microorgaisms show a:o=e ca&se cho$era"

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)enis mikroorganisma yang ditunjukkan' manakah menyebabkan kolera?

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

3d6 !hy are these microorgaisms c$assified as $i=ig thigs"

Mengapakah mikroorganisma dikelaskan sebagai benda hidup?

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

H1 mark! - markah

@awapa

A6'a;teria

:6 *B Cocc&s JB 'asi$&s RB =i:rio

c6 microorgaism R

d6 They cary process s&ch as respiratio &tritio e>retio

&. Microorgaisms that ca&se diseases are ca$$ed pathoges.

Mi;roorgaisma yag meye:a:;a peya;it dipaggi$ patoge.

3a6 State t'ogro&ps of pathoges.

"yatakan dua kumpulan patogen.

1. //////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#. //////////////////////////////////////////////////////

H# marks! 1 markah

3:6 State onee>amp$e of disease that ca&sed :y

"yatakan satu contoh penyakit yang disebabkan oleh

3i6 :acteria////////////////////////////////////////

bakteria /////////////////////////////////////////

3ii6 =ir&ses////////////////////////////////////////

2irus ///////////////////////////////////////////

3iii6pathogeic proto+oa////////////////////////////

pathogen protozoa ////////////////////////////////// H- marks! , markah

3c6 State onedisease that is trasmitted thro&gh water which is cotamiated :y pathoges.

"yatakan satupenyakit yang disebarkan melalui air yang dicemari oleh patogen.

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////// H1 mark! - markah

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@awapa

a6 1 parasite #6 saprophytes

:6 I6cho$era ii6 deg&e iii6 ma$aria

c6 Cho$era

%. Fig&re # shows the res&$t of a e>perimet to st&dy the effects differet cocetratio pf a ati:iotic o

a :acteria$ growth .

+ajah 1 menunjukkan keputusan e3periment mengkaji kesan satu antibiotik yang mempunyai kepekatan

berbeza kepada pertumbuhan bakteria

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a6 State the hypothesis for this e>perimet.

"yatakan hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.

:6 State the =aria:$es i this e>perimet.

"yatakan pemboleh ubah dalam eksperimen ini.

3i6 Maip&$ated =aria:$eD

Pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan

3ii6 Respodig =aria:$eD

Pemboleh ubah bergerak balas

c6 !rite dow oe o:ser=atio for this e>perimet

4uliskan satu pemerhatian bagi eksperimen ini .

d6 !hat is meat :y ati:iotic :ased o the this e>perimet

Apakah yang dimadsudkan dengan antibiotic berdasarkan eksperimen ini.

@awapa

a6 A higer cocetratio of a ati:iotic wi$$ more :acteria

:6 I6 Cocetratio of ati:iotic

ii6 c$ear area

c6 The c$ear area that s&rro&d the ati:iotic disc of high cocetratio is $arger < wider tha the

c$ear area that s&rro&d the ati:iotic disc of $ower cocetratio

awasa erih yag mege$i$igi ca;era ati:iotic :er;epe;ata tiggi ada$ah $e:ih tiggi daripada

;awasa erih mege$i$igi ca;era ati:iotic :er;epe;ata redah

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Documents

Modul Sains Spm- Bab 9 (Mikrorganisma)