Chapter 3: Matter

Chapter 3: Matter

Level 1

Objective Questions

1Matter is anything that

Ihas mass

IIhas volume

IIIoccupies space

AI and II only

BI and III only

CII and III only

DI, II and III

2Figure below shows the classification of matter.

K represents

Asteam

Brock

Coxygen

Dpetrol

3Figure below shows the arrangement of particles in substance P.

Substance P most probably is

Awater vapour

Ban ice cube

Csea water

Doxygen gas

4Solids have the following characteristics except

AIts shape follows its container

BIt cannot be compressed

CIt has closely packed particles

DIt has fixed shape

5The shape of liquids depends on the

Amass of the liquids

Bshape of its container

Cvolume of the liquids

Dsize of its container

6Which of the following statements is FALSE?

ASolids and liquids have constant mass.

BThe particles in liquids and gases can move.

CThe volume of solids and liquids is constant.

DThe volume of liquids and gases is constant.

7Density is the

Aamount of mass present in a unit area

Bamount of particles in a specific solid

Cfixed volume of a substance

Dmass per unit volume of a substance

8Which of the following instruments can be used to measure density?

ALever balance

BMeasuring cylinder

CSpring balance

DHydrometer

9The density of a substance depends on its

Iweight

IIvolume

IIImass

AI, II and III

BI and II only

CII and III only

DI only

10

The experiment above is about density. Which liquid has the highest density?

AP

BQ

CR

DS

Level 2

1. The diagram shows the arrangement of particles of type of matter.

Which of the following substances would have the arrangement of particles shown?

I Air

II Wood

III Petrol vapour

AI and II onlyBI and III only

CII and III onlyDI, II and III

2. A block of wood has a density of 0.8 g cm. What is the volume of 8 g of the wood?

A0.8 cm

B1 cm

C8 cm

D10 cm

3. A large pieces of rubber and a small pieces of stones are thrown into a tank of water simultaneously. Which of the following statement is true?

AThe pieces of rubber will float, but the stones will sink.

BThe pieces of rubber will sink, but the stones will float.

CBoth the pieces the rubber and stones will float.

DBoth the pieces of rubber and stones will sink.

4. Which of the following is not a matter?

ASoundCSmoke

COxygenDVinegar

5. The information below shows the characteristic of a substance.

Which of the following have the characteristic shown above

IHandwash

IIDetergent

IIIShampoo

AI and II onlyBI and III only

CII and III onlyDI, II and III

6. Which of the following does not apply the concept of density?

ABoat

BBuoy

CBulb

DRaft

7. Diagram 1 shows the classification of three states of matter.

Which of the following is an example of Y?

AFruit juice

BSoya sauce

CFlower pot

DNitrogen

8. Diagram 2 shows the change in the arrangement of particle of a substances after a process P.

Process P

Which of the following represent process p?

Process P

AWater Ice

BSteam Process P Water

CIce Process P Water

DWater Process P Steam

9. Table 1 shows the density of four substances.

Substances

Density (g cm)

Alcohol

0.80

Ice

0.92

Sea water

1.03

Copper

8.9

Which of the following is true about the four substances?

AIce floats on a alcohol

BCopper floats on sea water

CSea water floats on ice

DAlcohol floats on sea water.

10. Diagram 3 shows the arrangement of two liquid P and Q, which do not mix and two solid X and Y.

P

Y

Q

X

Choose the correct arrangement of the substances in the order of increasing

density.

A X Q Y P

B Y P X Q

C P Q Y X

D P Y Q X

Level 3

1.Which liquid has the least density ?

A.PB.Q C.RD.S

2.The following shows the data obtained by Hong Jun in an experiment.

Mass of measuring cylinder = 210g

Mass of measuring cylinder + liquid X =390g

Volume of liquid X = 120cm3

Based on the data,determine the density of liquid X , in g / cm3

A.0.7B.0.9

C.1.2D.1.5

3.Find the average volume of a marble in cm3

A.1.6

B.1.8

C.2.0

D.2.2

4.The correct sequence of this experiment is

A.P , Q , RB.P , R , Q

C.Q , P , RD.R , Q , P

5.This arrangement of particles could be found in

A.iron

B.steam

C.hydrogen

D.cooking oil

6.A solid cannot be compressed because its particles

A.are arranged very close together

B.cannot move freely

C.are very large

D.are very hard

7.Which of the following substances will float in liquid K and L but sink in liquid J ?

liquid

J

K

L

density

0.9

1.7

3.5

Substance

density

I

P

1.6

II

Q

1.2

III

R

2.8

A.I and IIB.I and III

C.II and IIID.I , II and III

8.The dagram shows the classification of matter

Q represents

A.mercury B.steam

C.marbleD.oxygen

9.The balloon becomes deflated after two days because the air particle

A.become smaller

B.can move freely

C.become less dense

D.diffuse through tiny holes on the surface of the balloon

10.All the balloons are identical.The volume of gas in each of the balloons is 200cm3.

Which of the following shows the correct sequence in order of increasing density?

A.hydrogen,helium,oxygen,carbon dioxide

B.hydrogen,oxygen,helium,carbon dioxide

C.helium,hydrogen,oxygen,carbon dioxide

D.carbon dioxide,oxygen,helium,hydrogen

Chapter 3: Matter

Level 1

Subjective Questions

1Fill in the blanks with the correct answers.

a) Matter has _______________ because it is pulled by the Earths gravitational force.

b) Matter has volume because it occupies ________________________.

c) _______________ of water is according to the shape of the container.

d) _______________ is mass per unit volume.

2Diagram below shows pictures of the three states of matter.

i.__________________ ii. _________________ iii. ____________________

a) Label the correct state of matter in the spaces provided on diagram above by using the following words.

b)Draw the arrangement of particles in each state of matter.

SolidLiquidGas

3Complete the table below to show the characteristics of the different state of matter.

Characteristics

Solid

Liquid

Gas

Mass

Constant

Volume

Constant

Shape

Follows shape of whole container

Compressibility

Difficult to compress

Arrangement of particles

Slightly loose, not organized

Very loose, not organized

Space between particles

Very big

Movement of particles

Slightly free, move at random

Two examples

4a)What is meant by the density of a substance?

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

b) Write down the formula used to calculate the density of a substance.

__________________________________________________________________

c) State the factors that determine the density of a substance.

i) _________________________________________________________

ii) _________________________________________________________

5Diagram 1 shows three similar small balls dropped into three liquids X, Y and Z of different densities.

Diagram 1

a)Arrange the liquids in ascending order of density.

b)Diagram 2 shows the three liquids X, Y and Z places in a measuring cylinder. Label the liquids in diagram 2 by referring to the order of their densities shown in diagram 1.

Diagram 2

c)The following are three substances.

Match the substances with the liquids in Diagram 1.

i. Liquid X: __________________________________________

ii. Liquid Y: __________________________________________

iii. Liquid Z: __________________________________________

Level 2

1. Diagram 1 shows the classification of states of matter.

a) What is represent by P?

b) Q is a metal. State what Q is.

c) Complete Table 1 to compare the particle in zinc and in oxygen in the following

aspects.

Aspect

Zinc

Oxygen

1. Arrangement of particle

2. Space among particle

3. Movement among particle

4. Attractive force among particle

2. Diagram 2 shows an experiment is carried out by a group of students. The density of water is 1.0 g cm.

80 cm

50 cm

waterstone

a) i. what is volume of the stone?

ii. If the mass of the stone is 72 g. find its density in g cm.

iii. Give one reason why the stone sinks in the water.

b) Table 2 shows the data written in a students laboratory report.

Objects

Mass (g)

Volume (cm)

Density (g cm)

Silver

52.5

5

Zinc

71.0

10

Cork

5.0

20

Calculate the densities of the objects in table 1.

c) The density of water is 1 g cm. Based on table 2, which of the objects

will float on water?

3. Diagram 3 shows an experiment carried out by student.

Diagram 3

a) What is the aim of the experiment?

b) State one controlled variable for the experiment.

c) When balloon T is pricked through the cellophane tape with a needle., what

will happen to

i. balloon T?

ii. balloon S?

d) What conclusion can be made from the experiment?

4. Diagram 4 shows the apparatus set up to study the effect of the density of a liquid on the weight of object X immersed in the liquid. The reading of the spring balance after object X is immersed in kerosene, cooking oil and water shown below.

a) State the following variables:

i. Manipulated variable:

ii. Responding variable:

iii. Controlled variable:

b) Based on the Diagram 4, record the reading of the weight of object X in table below.

Medium

Density (g cm)

Weight of object X (N)

Kerosene

0.70

Cooking oil

0.85

Water

1.00

c) What is the relationship between the density of the liquid and the weight of object X?

d) If object X is put in medium S with density of 0.93 g cm, predict the weight of object X?

e) What conclusion can be made from the experiment?

5. Diagram 5 shows an activity to determine which object floats on water.

water

X

a) i. Which object floats on water?

ii. Explain why the object mentioned in (a)(i) floats on water?

b) A buoy consisting of a steel drum floating in sea water. How does this device, which is made from steel, float in the sea.

Level 3

1.a)Figure shows the initial volume of water in each of the measuring cylinder.Objects P , Q and R are put in each of the measuring cylinder.Record the initial reading of water in the space provided above.

A B C

b)The student recorded the results as shown in table below.

Object

Mass

(g)

Initial reading of water(cm3)

Final reading of water(cm3)

Volume of object(cm3)

Density

(g cm3)

P

158

Q

225

R

2

i)After putting the objects in each of the measuring cylinders ,the level of

the water increase as given.

Measuring A = 70 cm3 Measuring B = 45 cm3 Measuring C = 48 cm3

cylinder cylinder cylinder

Find the volume of each object and record them in table given

ii)Calculate the densities of object P , Q and R and record your answers in

table provided.

c)State the variables involved in this experiment

i)constant variable_________________________

ii)manipulated variable_________________________

iii)responding variable_________________________

d)The student put the object P , Q and R in a measuring cylinder containing water and mercury as shown in the diagram.

a)Draw and label the positions of

object P , Q and R in the diagram given.

2.The diagram shows various substances. These substances can be classified into

three groups X , Y and Z.

a)Classified the substances into three groups

substances

X

Y

Z

Particles vibrate about a fixed point

Particles move freely

Particles move freely but can be compressed

Examples examples examples

b)What do X , Y and Z represent ?

X:_______________

Y : ______________

Z:_______________

c)Describe the shape and volume of Y

_____________________________________

3.The following diagram shows an investigation that is carried out by a group of

students

a)i)What happen to the air in the tube when a weight is placed

on the piston?

__________________________________________

ii)Explain what happens when the weight is removed .

__________________________________________

b)i)What happen when the same tesr is carried out with the tube filled

with water ?

__________________________________________

ii)What can be observed when the weight is now placed on a block of

steel?

__________________________________________

c)i)Based on the answers in (a) and (b) , which material can be

compressed ?

__________________________________________

ii)Give a reason for your answer in ( c ) ( I )

`__________________________________________

d)What conclusion can be drawn from the investigation ?

_____________________________________________

4.The picture shows the arrangement of particles in a solid , liquid and gas. The

arrow represent changes of state of matter.

a)which box contains

i) a solid ________

ii) a liquid ________

iii) a gas ________

b)Identify the changes of state of matter in the diagram and state whether

heat is released or absorbed

State of matter

Change of state

Whether heat is absorbed or released

E

F

G

H

K

L

c)Name the state of matter where the particles

i) can flow ___________

ii) can be compressed ___________

iii) have the most kinetic energy ___________

d)State the change of matter in the condition

i) the ice melt _______________

ii) to get salt from sea water _______________

5.a)What is matter ?

b)i)Is sound an example of matter ?

____________

ii)Explain your answer in 1 (b) ( I )

____________________________

c)The following activities are carried out. For each activity , state the

expected observation and the suitable conclusion

Activity

Observation

Conclusion

i

d)The experiment below is carried out to compare the densities of five

liquids A , B , C , D and E

Give that volume of each liquid in each beaker is the same , what is the

correct sequence in order of increasing density ?

_________________________________

ANSWER

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

LEVEL 1

1. D

2. B

3. B

4. A

5. B

6. D

7. D

8. D

9. C

10. D

LEVEL 2

1. C

2. D

3. D

4. D

5. A

6. D

7. C

8. A

9. D

10. A

LEVEL 3

1. C

2. D

3. B

4. C

5. D

6. A

7. A

8. A

9. D

10. A

SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

LEVEL 1

1a)weight

b)space

c)Shape

d)Density

2a)i) Gas

ii) Solid

iii) Liquid

b)

3

Characteristics

Solid

Liquid

Gas

Mass

Constant

Constant

Constant

Volume

Constant

Constant

Follows volume of whole container

Shape

Constant

Follows shape of whole container

Follows shape of whole container

Compressibility

Cannot be compressed

Difficult to compress

Easily compressed

Arrangement of particles

Compact, organized

Slightly loose, not organized

Very loose, not organized

Space between particles

Very small

Small

Very big

Movement of particles

Vibrate, cannot move freely

Slightly free, move at random

Very free, move at random

Examples

Any two

Glass, wood,

Iron, gold

Water, milk, ink, blood

Oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen

4a)The density of a substance is the mass per unit volume of the substance.

b)Density = Mass

Volume

c)i) Mass of a substance

ii) Volume of a substance

5.a)

b)

c)i) Palm oil

ii) Mercury

iii) Water

LEVEL 2

1. a) Gas

b) Mercury

c)

Aspect

Zinc

Oxygen

1. Arrangement of particle

Orderly and closed packed

Not in orderly arrangement

2. Space among particle

small

Large

3. Movement among particle

Vibrate at fixed position

Move randomly and freely

4. Attractive force among particle

Strong

Weak

2. a) i. 30 cm

ii. 2.4 g cm

iii. The density of the stone is higher than the density of water.

b)

Silver

10.50

Zinc

7.10

Cork

0.25

c) Cork

3. a) To study the property of air

b) The size of the balloon

c) i. It deflates

ii. It becomes heavier relative to balloon T

d) Air has mass and occupies space.

4. a) i. Density of medium (type of medium)

ii. Weight of object X

iii. Object X (type, mass, size, density)

b).

Medium

Density (g cm)

Weight of object X (N)

Kerosene

0.70

6

Cooking oil

0.85

5

Water

1.00

4

c) The higher the density of the medium, the smaller the weight of object X.

d) 4.5 N

e) The weight of the object depends on the density of the liquid.

5. a) i. Y

ii. Object Y is less dense than water

b) The steel drum contains air. The air inside the buoy makes is less dense than sea

water. Hence, the buoy float.

LEVEL 3

1.a)Figure shows the initial volume of water in each of the measuring cylinder.Objects P , Q and R are put in each of the measuring cylinder.Record the initial reading of water in the space provided above.

A B C

b)The student recorded the results as shown in table below.

Object

Mass

(g)

Initial reading of water(cm3)

Final reading of water(cm3)

Volume of object(cm3)

Density

(g cm3)

P

48

10

70

60

0.8

Q

224

10

45

35

6.4

R

2

10

48

38

19

i)After putting the objects in each of the measuring cylinders ,the level of the water increase as given.

Measuring A = 70 cm3 Measuring B = 45 cm3 Measuring C = 48 cm3

cylinder cylinder cylinder

Find the volume of each object and record them in table given

ii)Culculate the densities of object P , Q and R and record your answers in table provided.

c)State the variables involved in this experiment

i)constant variableinitial volume of water

ii)manipulated variablemass of the object

iii)responding variablefinal volume of water

d)The student put the object P , Q and R in a measuring cylinder containing water and mercury as shown in the diagram.

a)Draw and label the positions of P

object P , Q and R in the diagram given.

Q

Q

R

2.The diagram shows various substances. These substances can be classified into three groups

X , Y and Z

a)Classified the substances into three groups

substances

X

Y

Z

Particles vibrate about a fixed point

Particles move freely

Particles move freely but can be compressed

Examples examples examples

Rubber tyre ,

Gold nuggets

Tap water

Air in balloon ,

Gas in the estinguisher

b)What do X , Y and Z represent ?

X:solidY:liquidZ:gas

c)Describe the shape and volume of Y

The shape follow the container and the volume is fixed

3.The following diagram shows an investigation that is carried out by a group of students

a)i)What happen to the air in the tube when a weight is placed on the piston?

The air is compressed

ii)Explain what happens when the weight is removed .

The piston spring backs to its original position

b)i)What happen when the same tesr is carried out with the tube filled with water ?

water cannot be compressed

ii)What can be observed when the weight is now placed on a block of steel

The block of steel cannot be compressed

c)i)Based on the answers in (a) and (b) , which material can be compressed ?

Only air can be compressed

ii)Give a reason for your answer in ( c ) ( I )

The particles in the air are far apart , therefore they can be compressed into a smaller space

`

d)What conclusion can be drawn from the investigation ?

Gases can be compressed. Solids and liquids cannot be compressed

4.The picture shows the arrangement of particles in a solid , liquid and gas. The arrow represent changes of state of matter.

a)which box contains

i)a solid P ii) a liquid R iii) a gas Q

b)Identify the changes of state of matter in the diagram and state whether heat is released or absorbed

State of matter

Change of state

Whether heat is absorbed or released

E

Sublimation

Heat is absorbed

F

Sublimation

Heaat is released

G

Condensation

Heaat is released

H

Evaporation/boiling

Heat is absorbed

K

Melting

Heat is absorbed

L

freezing

Heaat is released

c)Name the state of matter where the particles

i)can flowliquids and gases ii)can be compressed liquids and gases

iii) have the most kinetic energy gases

d)State the change of matter in the condition

i) the ice meltmeltingii) to get salt from sea water evaporation

5.a)What is matter ?

Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space

b)i)Is sound an example of matter ?

No

ii)Explain your answer in 1 (b) ( I )

Sound has no mass and does not occupy space

c)The following activities are carried out. For each activity , state the expected observation and the suitable conclusion

Activity

Observation

Conclusion

Balloon P defleates and the ruler tilts towards balloon Q

Air has mass

i

The water in the basin does not fill up the beaker completely

Air occupies space

d)The experiment below is carried out to compare the densities of five liquids A , B , C , D and E

Give that volume of each liquid in each beaker is the same , what is the correct sequence in order of increasing density ?

B , A , C , D , E

Matter

Gas

Liquid

Solid

Carbon dioxide

Kerosine

K

Solid Liquid Gas

water palm oil mercury

X

Z

Y

It has a fixed volume

It does not have a fixed shape

Matter

Y

liquid

gases

Matter

Liquid

P

Solid

Example

Example

Example

Oxygen

Q

Zinc