Module 1 - Waste Strategy Planning Dr Darren Perrin

MODULE 1 - WASTE STRATEGY PLANNING

DR DARREN PERRIN

The aim / learning outcome of this module is to “Develop a practical understanding of what a Waste Strategy is and some of the key concepts, stages and tools required to produce, deliver and review a waste strategy and plan for future infrastructure.”

• What is a strategy and development stages• What support tools are available to support the process• Triangulated approach to waste and resource

management• Key concepts of behaviour change

MODULE OUTLINE

MODULE 1 - WASTE STRATEGY PLANNING -TRIANGULATION

DR DARREN PERRIN

• A disregarded material which varies in terms of:• Material composition e.g. Paper, glass, metal, .......... • Size• Shape• Density • Proportion of biomass• Embodied energy e.g. GCV, • Chemical composition e.g. ash, chlorine. • Ability to cause harm?

“One persons rubbish is another persons resource”“If you can’t measure it, you can’t ,manage it”

WHAT IS WASTE?

A process of defining a strategy, or direction, and making decisions on allocating resources to pursue this strategy, including capital and people.

The approach can be summarised as:• Vision: What/where do we want to be? • Strategy: What is the plan to get there?• Tactics: What are the specific actions we will take?

WHAT IS STRATEGIC WASTE PLANNING?

TRIANGULATED APPROACH?

POLICY AND DRIVERS

• Policy will drive or “force” change • Implemented through• Legislation

• Economic Instruments • Voluntary Agreements

INFRASTRUCTURE• Consider implications of strategy and infrastructure

needs • Different infrastructure and interactions

• Collection • Treatment and Disposal • Alternate Waste Treatment (AWT)

• AWT not the answer, but possibly part of a strategic solution

AWT

Avoid

Minimise Recycle

INFRASTRUCTURE• Range of waste technologies available

• Clean and Dirty MRF• MBT / BMT• MHT• Conventional Mass Burn Energy from Waste • Gasification • Pyrolois • Anaerobic Digestion / In-Vessel Composting

• Need to: • Define the strategic purpose• Consider the economic viability• Consider the public perception

INFRASTRUCTURE - STRATEGIC PURPOSE

• Align with your current / future strategy Vision and Objectives?

• Supports targets?• Relationship to existing infrastructure?• Affordability ?• Political acceptability / Community acceptance

INFRASTRUCTURE - STRATEGIC PURPOSE

• Reduce the mass and volume of waste?• Produce an end product:

• Quality Compost ? • Recyclables ?• High end value recyclables ?

• Pre-treat the waste to produce a feedstock for another process?• RDF ?• SRF ?

• Generate and export power or heat?• Electricity?• Heat / Steam ?• Biogas ?• Synagas ?

• Stabilise the waste prior to disposal to landfill?• Maximise the life of landfill assets?

INFRASTRUCTURE – ECONOMIC VIABILITY

Profit = Income ($) greater than Cost ($)

• Variable Costs• Staff Costs• Maintenance and repair costs• Utilities (Water, Gas, Electricity, Chemicals, Waste)• Other variable charges ??

• Affordability• Self Funded • PPP• ?

INFRASTRUCTURE – PUBLIC PERCEPTION

Perception.“Members of the Dovesdale Action Group are opposed to the plan amid fears of "toxic" waste and roads congestion”.

Dovesdale spokesman Stewart Weir said: "This is the first public protest we will have staged against Scotgen's proposals but there will be many more planned. We apologise in advance for any inconvenience this demonstration may cause. But it will be nothing compared to the damage done to this area should this plant ever start operating, or should there ever be an incident involving one of the vehicles transporting this waste."

PERCEPTION IS EVERYTHING……..

Or

BEHAVIOURAL

• Engagement, information and education are central to the successful implementation of a strategy

• Demonstrate to industry, commerce and the public the value and benefit of recycling i.e. why recycle? Or a AWT technology solution

• Behavioural change a key factor in achieving desired outcome

BEHAVIOUR CHANGE

• 3 complementary approaches• Change by:

• Managing supply (providing infrastructure)• Managing demand (someone tells us to change)• Voluntary behaviour change (helping people to help

themselves)

• Exercise – ‘Copy Me’ - 10 mins

1. Back to back - One way instruction – 4 mins

2. Back to back - Two way communication – 3 mins

3. Side by side - Work together – 2 mins

THE IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION ?

• Empowering people – making them feel that they can make a difference

• Reduces opposition to new or different service• Can increase how many people use system and how

well they use it• Uses local knowledge and expertise• Early identification of local issues/grievances• Two way communication

THE IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION ?

RECYCLING SPECTRUM

Will never recycle

Will always recycle

Don't Recycle or Recycle ineffectively

Do Recycle as effecively as posisble

POSSIBLE BARRIERS TO RECYCLING

• Unsure of collection day and forget to put it out• Don’t understand which materials to recycle• Recycling bin too full • Different container returned• Have not got time • Storage • Lack of appreciation for recycling• Too difficult • Don’t want to clean things • Not my problem / lack of ownership

POSSIBLE MOTIVATORS

• Convenience• Financial Incentives• Being appreciated• Understand the benefits of recycling and composting • Contribution to environmental improvement • Peer pressure

CHANGING VALUES AND HABITS

Knowledge

Motivation

Instruction

Reinforcement

People at different stages of thought depending on subject:

Pre-contemplation

Contemplation

Ready for action

Action

Maintenance

Different approaches may be required for each step

Values

Habit

Message Types

INTERACTIVE METHODS

“Tell me, and I’ll forget. Show me, and I may not remember. Involve me, and I’ll

understand.”

RELIABLE DATA • Waste data is the starting point for the development

of appropriate strategies to deliver waste services and infrastructure

• Informs performance and compliance monitoring / reporting

• Reduces risk, increases certainty• Important to understand waste composition and

waste generation rates • Has to be fit for purpose

• “If you can’t measure it, you can’t manage it”

MODULE 1 - WASTE STRATEGY PLANNING - PROCESS

DR DARREN PERRIN

IMPACT TO OPPORTUNITY

Waste Management Plan

Reducing Harm on Public Health and Environment Strategic

Waste PlanningAssess Operations

Record Waste Generation and

Destinations

Identify Hazard and Assess Risk

• Clear “Vision” • Data • Resources • Political Support • Partnerships and networks• Identification of Stakeholders & Consultation• Risk assessments • Drivers (cost, social, environmental, compliance)• Timing • Links to other plans

KEY POINTS TO CONSIDER......

EXAMPLE WASTE STRATEGY STRUCTURE

NEEDS TO “KNIT” TOGETHER

Define Vision Statement

Identify key targets that will measure if this “Vision” is being achieved

Identify themes which reflect the strategic purpose and direction

Set objectives under each “theme”; the actions required to achieve the objective and KPI’s / targets that measure if the actions/objectives have

been achieved

DEFINING THEMES

STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK

SMART objectives

[insert name] Regional waste strategy (2013–21) Version / Date :Approved by :

[insert vision statement]

Theme Objective Target Theme 1 e.g. Avoidance and waste reduction

1.1 e.g. To reduce waste generation to 450 kg /capita by 2021

1.1.1 e.g. Achieve waste generation levels of 525 kg / capita by 2015



1.2 [insert rows for as many objectives as required]

1.2.1 [insert rows for as many targets as required]

1.2.2 1.3 1.3.1

Theme 2 2.1 2.1.1 2.2 2.2.1

Theme 3 3.1 3.1.1 Theme 4 4.1 3.4.1 Theme [x] [insert rows for as many themes as required]

[x] [x]

STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK

[insert name] Regional waste strategy (2013–21)

Version / Date : Approved by :

Theme 1 e.g. Avoidance and waste reduction

Objective Action Detail of action Who is responsible?

Timescale for delivery


A Replace household kerbside 240 litre bins with 40 litre bins for general waste collection

Contract manager End of July 2017

B Design food waste reduction education campaign Council education officer April 2016

1.2 Theme 2



Theme 3



Theme [x]



ACTION PLAN

[insert name] Progress Report Version / Date : Approved by :Headline Progress and Achievement Statement:

Objective

Target

Target achieved? / on track to achieve?

Actions

Detail of action

Complete?

Discussion of achievement to date

New / subsequent actions required based on achievement


1.1.1 Yes A Replace household kerbside 240 litre bins with 140 litre bins for general waste collection

Ongoing 60% of council area now on 140 litre bins

Need to source alternative supplier to meet target and 100% rollout by July 2017

1.1.2 Behind B Design food waste reduction education campaign

Yes Campaign been live since November 2014 ahead of schedule

No further action

1.1.3 On track

1.1.4 On track

1.2 1.3 2.1 2.2 [x]

PROGRESS REPORTING

WHERE ARE WE TODAY ?• Population and demographic information• Current and planned waste and resource recovery collection

and processing systems• Waste tonnage data, including:

• historical waste trends and projections • key performance indicators• waste composition

• Waste and resource recovery collection, processing and disposal contracts

• Governance, policy and legislation• Stakeholders

SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats)

TOOLS - UNDERSTANDING YOUR CONTEXT

Strengths• X• X• X

Opportunities • X• X• X

Weakness • X• X• X

Threats• X• X• X

TOOLS - UNDERSTANDING YOUR CONTEXT

• Clear, consulted, strategic vision• Information, Data• Target setting• Gap analysis

WHERE DO WE WANT TO GO?

Organisation SpectrumExercise

In groups:• Where your organisation is ‘Now’

• 2 minutes

• Where you think your organisation see itself / wants be in the future • 2 minutes

TOOLS – UNDERSTANDING ASPIRATION

Compliance

Risk Management

Good Practice

Leadership and Innovation

• Develop Options • Assess Options

• Cost• Diversion• Environmental impact • Social

• Score Options• Weighting • Relative Importance

WHAT DO WE NEED TO DO?

• Condition of existing infrastructure and future life • Flexibility and compatibility of infrastructure options• Unintended consequences• Political context • Affordability • Alignment with existing operations • Availability of suitable sites• Approvals process• Timeframe from idea to operation can vary significantly

• Waste Transfer Station 2-4 years • Landfill 7+ years • AWT 4-6 years can be 20+

OTHER POINTS TO NOTE IN OPTIONS ANALYSIS

PROCESS…….

Waste Strategy

Define Vision

Define Objectives and Priorities

Targeting Setting

Options Assessment

Define Criteria

Understand solutions to meet criteria

Action Planning

Assess, infrastructure and behavioural change requirements required

Implementation Stage

Technology / Infrastructure Procurement process (EOI, PQQ, ISOS, ISDS etc)

Behavioural change programmes

Introduce systems

Baseline Review

STRATEGY MODELLING PROCESS

Regional Profile

Waste Generation

Collection Systems

Mass Flow / Infrastructure

• Population• Households• Socio-

demographics • Geography

• Quantities • Composition• Growth profile

• Availability • Design• Presentation • Effectiveness

• Transfer, treatment and disposal infrastructure

• Material flows• Mass, Cost,

Impact

Baseline Position

STRATEGY MODELLING PROCESSRegional Profile

Waste Generation

Collection Systems


• +/- populations

• +/- households

• +/- waste qty• Change

composition

• +/- Change coverage

• +/- participation

• +/- recognition

• +/- number of materials

• +/- number of facilities

• +/- facility performance

• Change waste flows

• +/- cost

Options Assessment


Waste Generation

Collection Systems


• Option ‘n’• Option ‘n’• Option ‘n’• Option ‘n• Option ‘n’• Option ‘n





Waste Generation

Collection Systems






= Scenario X

= Scenario ‘n’

MULTI-CRITERIA ASSESSMENT

Evaluation Criteria Evaluation Criteria

Weighting Option Number Option Description

Score Weighted Score Score Weighted Score Score Weighted Score Score Weighted Score Weighted Score Rank

1 Option "1 Description" A. = Score (a) x Weighting "x"

C. = Score (c) x Weighting "Y"

A. = Score (a) x Weighting "x"

F. = Score (f) x

Weighting "Y".= sum of weighted scores

<List in order of scores>



A. = Score (a) x Weighting "x"

D. = Score (d) x Weighting "Y"

.= sum of weighted scores


3 Option "3 Description" C. = Score (c) x Weighting "x"

F. = Score (f) x

Weighting "Y"D

. = Score (d) x Weighting "x"

A. = Score (a) x Weighting "Y"



4 Option "4 Description" F. = Score (f) x

Weighting "x"D

. = Score (d) x Weighting "Y"

E. = Score (e) x Weighting "x"




5 Option "5 Description" D. = Score (d) x Weighting "x"






6 Option "6 Description" E. = Score (e) x Weighting "x"


D. = Score (d) x Weighting "x"






D. = Score (d) x Weighting "x"





E. = Score (e) x Weighting "Y"





TOTALEvaluation Criteria 1 Evaluation Criteria 2 Evaluation Criteria 3 Evaluation Criteria etc....

Weighting "x" Weighting "y" Weighting "x" Weighting "y"

• How the strategy aims and objectives will be met • Action Plans

• How • Who • When

• Review and ongoing monitoring of Action Plan• How • Who • When

IMPLEMENTING ACTIONS

• Understand your context• Have a clear vision • Be prepared (rubbish in = rubbish out)• Consultative approach• Set achievable goals • Focused strategy = live document• Consider in light of infrastructure assessment• Approach

• Vision: What/where do we want to be? • Strategy: What is the plan to get there?• Tactics: What are the specific actions we will take?

IN SUMMARY

Documents

Module 1 - Waste Strategy Planning Dr Darren Perrin