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Module 1.3 Assessing and analyzing drivers of deforestation and forest degradationREDD+ training materials by GOFC-GOLD, Wageningen University, World Bank FCPF
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Module 1.3 Assessing and analyzing drivers of deforestation and forest degradation
Module developers:
Erika Romijn, Wageningen University
Martin Herold, Wageningen University
Exercise:
Assessing and analyzing drivers of deforestation in a tropical country
Photo credit: AFPV1, April 2015
Creative Commons License
Module 1.3 Assessing and analyzing drivers of deforestation and forest degradationREDD+ training materials by GOFC-GOLD, Wageningen University, World Bank FCPF
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Assessing and analyzing drivers of deforestation in a tropical country
This module contains general exercises which can be used in any country case
Exercise 1
Think of a strategy on how to monitor drivers of deforestation and forest degradation in your own country
Exercise 2
Perform a qualitative assessment of the drivers of deforestation in your own country
Module 1.3 Assessing and analyzing drivers of deforestation and forest degradationREDD+ training materials by GOFC-GOLD, Wageningen University, World Bank FCPF
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Exercise 1 - Strategy development on how to
address drivers
Try to set up a strategy for monitoring the drivers of deforestation and forest degradation in your country
Use the material presented in the lecture and country examples of this module as background information
The following aspects need to be addressed:
● How to gather the necessary information on drivers and the impact of different drivers – Which are the monitoring priorities?
● Which existing data and maps can be used to analyse drivers?
● Where are the gaps and how can they be filled in order to properly monitor drivers of deforestation and forest degradation in your country?
Module 1.3 Assessing and analyzing drivers of deforestation and forest degradationREDD+ training materials by GOFC-GOLD, Wageningen University, World Bank FCPF
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Example of qualitative assessment of current drivers of forest carbon change in Fiji
Processes that effectforest carbon stocks
Who is doing it and forwhat purpose(historical, current,future)
Effects on theforest (carbon) inthe short andlong-term
How importantis the processnationally (areaaffected)?
carbonimpact
Forest conversion forexpansion ofagriculture (or biofuels)Conversion of forestforsettlement(squatters)/tourism – especially inmangroves andincluding illegalsettlementsPlantation clear-fellharvesting & replanting
High intensity selectivelogging of nativeforests remains native
Weaver et al., 2009
Module 1.3 Assessing and analyzing drivers of deforestation and forest degradationREDD+ training materials by GOFC-GOLD, Wageningen University, World Bank FCPF
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Processes that effectforest carbon stocks
Who is doing it and forwhat purpose(historical, current,future)
Effects on theforest (carbon) inthe short andlong-term
How importantis the processnationally (areaaffected)?
carbonimpact
Forest conversion forexpansion ofagriculture (or biofuels)
Landowners or lesseesof land
Source (large)
Large Very high(+)
Conversion of forestforsettlement(squatters)/tourism – especially inmangroves andincluding illegalsettlements
Developers andsquatters
Source (medium)
Large High (+)
Plantation clear-fellharvesting & replanting
Government ownedForestry companies
Sink, if notreplacing nativeforest (medium)
Large High (-)
High intensity selectivelogging of nativeforests remains native
Contractorscommissioned by theforest owners or localcommunities – driven by market demandand/or local need forwood in village
Generally a sourcebut sustainableforestmanagement would help tominimise thecarbon impact (1-2)
Low – SFMLow – for localuse Medium -commercial
Medium(+)
Example of qualitative assessment of current drivers of forest carbon change in Fiji
Module 1.3 Assessing and analyzing drivers of deforestation and forest degradationREDD+ training materials by GOFC-GOLD, Wageningen University, World Bank FCPF
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Accidental burning thatgets out of control &into forest
Forest clear-fell formining prospectsProtecting native forestfor ecosystem services,etc. e.g. Sovi Basin
Shifting cultivation –slash & burn –especially in dry areas
Afforestation oftalasiga land pineforest for wood/chipproductionAfforestation with teak
Natural regeneration ofexpired agriculturallyleased landIncreased vulnerabilityto cyclone damage/fires/landslides ofdegraded natural wetforest
Qualitative assessment of current drivers in Fiji – continued..
Module 1.3 Assessing and analyzing drivers of deforestation and forest degradationREDD+ training materials by GOFC-GOLD, Wageningen University, World Bank FCPF
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Accidental burning thatgets out of control &into forest
Farmers & arsonists Source (2) Low to medium– mainly in thedry westernzones –
Medium(+)
Forest clear-fell formining prospects
Mining companies Source (3) Low Medium(+)
Protecting native forestfor ecosystem services,etc. e.g. Sovi Basin
Forest resource ownersand EnvironmentNGOs, drivers of ecotourism
Neutral, avoided emissions (2)
Medium Medium(+/-)
Shifting cultivation –slash & burn –especially in dry areas
Local communities,increasing due topopulation growth andcash crops
Source (2) Low – more inisolated ruralareas
Some (+)
Afforestation oftalasiga land pineforest for wood/chipproduction
Government initiativeto benefit people
Sink (2)
Low Some (-)
Afforestation with teak Private forest company,landowners/lesseesplanting an investment
Sink (2)
Low Some (-)
Natural regeneration ofexpired agriculturallyleased land
Landowner leaving landidle/fallow
Sink as long as thetrees stand (2)
Low Some (-)
Increased vulnerabilityto cyclone damage/fires/landslides ofdegraded natural wetforest
Quasi-natural process Source (1) Low Low (+)
Qualitative assessment of current drivers in Fiji – continued..
Module 1.3 Assessing and analyzing drivers of deforestation and forest degradationREDD+ training materials by GOFC-GOLD, Wageningen University, World Bank FCPF
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Exercise 2 - Qualitative assessment of the drivers of deforestation
Estimate the drivers of deforestation in your own country based on your current knowledge
Use the same table as for the Fiji example to fill in:
●The most important drivers of deforestation
●The actors involved in the forest change processes
●The effect of the driver on the forest carbon in the short and long-term (carbon source or sink)
●The area per driver and
●The amount of CO2 emissions per driver
Module 1.3 Assessing and analyzing drivers of deforestation and forest degradationREDD+ training materials by GOFC-GOLD, Wageningen University, World Bank FCPF
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Recommended modules as follow up
Module 2.1 to proceed with REDD+ measuring and monitoring and focus on monitoring activity data for forests using remote sensing
Modules 3. to learn more about REDD+ assessment and reporting