MODULE DESCRIPTOR - SCOPE · MODULE DESCRIPTOR MODULE ... The properties of vapours, gases and gas/vapour mixtures, ... database and presentation packages)

MODULE DESCRIPTOR

MODULE TITLE

Introduction to Combustion and Fire

MODULE CODE

FV1001

CREDIT VALUE

20

MODULE AIMS

This module introduces the learner to the fundamental scientific principles of combustion and fire. The primary goal is to provide students with general understanding and knowledge of combustion, fire and explosion phenomena. The main definitions, approaches and techniques developed in combustion and fire science and engineering are introduced to set the scene for the further in-depth studies through all other fire related modules in the Fire Curriculum. Alongside the introduction to fires and combustion, the module provides basic information and knowledge from related disciplines (chemical kinetics and thermodynamics, fluid dynamics, heat and mass transfer). This introduces all necessary elements, which are required to start a consistent further education in the diverse and multidisciplinary area of fire safety.

MODULE CONTENT

Introduction: Awareness and understanding of the primary sources and centres of information about fire, whilst developing a knowledge of the various fire professions and their structures. Fire statistics and fire impact on society and environment. Basic legal requirements which effect practical issues of fire safety. Chemical Reactions of Combustion: Explosive and nonexplosive chemical reactions. Chemical equilibrium. Arrhenius law. Thermal Explosion and Ignition: Controlled and uncontrolled combustion. Thermal explosion. Heat loss and heat gain diagram. Flames: Premixed and diffusion flames. Role of turbulence. Experimental methods of flame studies. Combustion of liquids and solids: Smouldering combustion. Flame spread over solid and liquids. Experiments with solid and liquid fires. Fire as a Combustion System: Domestic, industrial and forest fires. Turbulent fire characteristics. Plume height. Smoke production in fires. Thermal radiation. Combustible gases. Ignition and flammability limits. Liquid and solid combustibles. Fire retardants (examples). Introduction to Enclosed Fires: Flashover. Pre-flashover and post-flashover compartment fire. Backdraft. Fire resistance and fire severity. Smoke movement in enclosures and buildings. The stack effect. Smoke control. Introduction to compartment fire modelling: zone and field models. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Computer modelling of fires (examples). Pressure Waves and Detonation: Sound, compression and shock waves. The formation of blast wave. Detonation and deflagration wave. Detonability. Fires and Explosion Hazards: Smoke and toxicity of combustion products. Visibility and human behaviour in fire smoke. Accidental fuel releases. Case studies. Principles of Fire Fighting and Fire Protection: Fire extinguishing agents: water, water mist, foams, inert gases, halons, dry chemicals. Active and passive fire protection.

LEARNING OUTCOMES On successful completion of this module a student will be able to:

1. Demonstrate an understanding of the concept of fire safety and the roles of the various participants in the

fire industry.

2. Classify different types of combustion and fires, and describe the temperature, concentration and fluid-dynamic structure of flames, explosive waves and fires.

3. Identify main characteristics of controlled and uncontrolled combustion.

4. Describe qualitatively the development of a fire in an enclosure and outline general principles of fire analysis.

5. Describe different types of fire-related hazards and scientific principles of fire extinguishment.

MODULE DESCRIPTOR

MODULE TITLE

Law and Management

MODULE CODE

FV1101 CREDIT VALUE

20

MODULE AIMS

This module will provide a general understanding of the nature and extent of the legal system operating in the

UK/HK. It will also provide the student with knowledge and understanding of the principles underlying the

creation of the employment relationship, to include the rights and obligations of both parties. The second

phase will introduce the student to the principles of leadership, management and team working.

MODULE CONTENT

UK/HK legal system:

General Principles

An introduction to the law making process to include; the sources of law, the legislative process, the role of the

courts, statutory interpretation and judicial precedent. The powers of Central and Local Government

institutions and the principle of ultra vires.

Law of Obligations

Principles of liability in tort with particular emphasis on the tort of negligence. Principles relating to the

formation of contracts, their extent and nature of liability. Remedies for breach of contract and principles of

remoteness in contract and tort.

Employment

An overview of the law in relation to employment to include the development of the employment relationship,

rights and obligations. Principles of Management Developing the management process, scientific management, human relations theory, understanding professional organisations. Motivation and the Manager Concepts of motivation theory, defining key aspects, understanding the requirements or perceived needs of the team in the work environment. Leadership and The Team Process Leadership concepts, action centred leadership, the management continuum, styles and inherent traits. Introduction to group behaviour and team working.


1. Demonstrate knowledge of the general principles of the UK/HK legal system.

2. Demonstrate knowledge and application of the general principles of the UK/HK legal system to a typical working environment.

3. Review the importance and operation of teams in a managerial context including team dynamics and team roles.

4. Analyse how people act in work situations and the concepts of motivation.

MODULE DESCRIPTOR

MODULE TITLE

Energy Transfer and Thermodynamics

MODULE CODE

FV1201

CREDIT VALUE

20

MODULE AIMS

This module introduces students the main principles of energy transfer, thermodynamics and fluid dynamics. The main definitions, approaches and techniques are introduced to set the scene for the further in-depth studies through all other energy related modules in the energy and fire safety engineering curriculum. Alongside the introduction to energy transfer and thermodynamics, the module provides basic information and knowledge from related disciplines (general physics, fluid dynamics, heat and mass transfer). This introduces all necessary elements, which are required to start a consistent further education in building and fire safety engineering.

MODULE CONTENT

Introduction: conception of energy and its application in technical systems; types of energy, high and low-grade energy, entropy and its application in technical systems. Basic Principles: energy balance, fundamentals of energy transfer; thermal system, control volume concept, uniform and steady-state concepts, thermofluid properties, work and heat, the first and second law of thermodynamics, general energy equation, steady flow energy equation, thermal capacity, non-flow processes, thermodynamics of combustion, heat of reaction, combustion temperature, chemical equilibrium. Compressibility, incompressibility, Continuity and energy equations of ideal incompressible flow, Bernoulli’s equation and Euler equations, laminar flow, turbulent flow, Reynolds number, boundary layer, streamline, fluid flow in pipes, principles of duct sizing, velocity distribution of pipe flows, velocity measurement, venturimeter, orifice plate, pitot tube, anemometers, nozzles, flow visualisation techniques, pressure drops in pipes, friction coefficient, relative roughness, Blasius equation, Moody Chart, pump and fan characteristics, flow round bluff and streamlined bodies, lift and drag, separation of the boundary layer, wind flow over buildings, stack effect. The properties of vapours, gases and gas/vapour mixtures, property diagrams and thermodynamic properties of real fluids. Simple heat engine and heat pump cycles. Conduction; Fourier’s Law, thermal conductivity, steady state conduction, thermal resistance, use of U-value, critical thickness of insulation. Convection; convective heat transfer coefficient, thermal boundary layer, Nu number, empirical formulae in conduction. Radiation; radiation intensity, radiation heat flux, emissivity, Stephan-Boltzman equation, configuration factor, radiative-heat exchange in enclosures, solar radiation. Case studies of energy and thermodynamic calculations in buildings, including for open and enclosed fires.


1. Demonstrate an understanding of the first and second laws of thermodynamics and their applications.

2. Appraise the elementary concepts in combustion: types of combustion, heat of combustion, combustion temperature, chemical equilibrium.

3. Apply theory to the analysis of the behaviour and properties of fluids flowing through pipes.

4. Demonstrate an understanding of the behaviour and properties of external flows.

5. Demonstrate an understanding of the basic principles of heat transfer: conduction, convection and radiation.

MODULE DESCRIPTOR

MODULE TITLE

Engineering Design Practice

MODULE CODE

FV1202

CREDIT VALUE

20

MODULE AIMS

This module allows students to apply scientific and engineering principles based on an understanding of the phenomena and effects of fire and of the behaviour of people to fire, to protect people, property and the environment from the destructive effects of fire. This course addresses multi-disciplinary aspects involving chemistry (e.g. the behaviour of materials), physics (e.g. heat transfer, movement of smoke), civil engineering (e.g. deformation of structures), electrical and mechanical engineering, and psychology (e.g. behaviours of people). Students will explore how to provide an acceptable level of safety when an accidental fire occurs and consider the implications on innovative and experimental sustainable design solutions.

MODULE CONTENT

1) Engineering Measurement In carrying out a number of experimental procedures using equipment such as the cone calorimeter to record both dynamic and static measurements including: temperature, heat release rate, oxygen index, flammability limits, flame spread and ignitability. Through the experiments investigate the behaviour of different materials including their performance with in building structures. Statistical treatment of data including average, standard deviation, regression, confidence and significance. 2) Design issues Compliance with legislation and regulations, means of escape, people movement and egress modelling, smoke movement and ventilation, material performance, fire detection and alarm systems, suppression systems, active and passive fire protection, internal and external fire spread, emergency signage and lighting, access and fire fighting facilities, sustainability and quality issues Discussion of the issues and their treatment in the decision process. 3) Managing Engineering Design The project context. Task, team & tools. Profiling a project, managing a design team. Getting the job. Design specification. Conceptual specification. Embodiment design. Final design. Design feedback. Standards and codes.


1. Demonstrate an understanding of the principles of fire growth and smoke production

2. Carry out appropriate experimental procedures, obtaining appropriate measurements, performing calculations, interpret the results and report conclusions.

3. Account for uncertainties in experimental/empirical data

4. Demonstrate an understanding of the design process and assess design concerns and to make recommendations on how to achieve a safe building.

5. Apply the principles of fire safety engineering and the relevant legislation and design codes and mechanisms for enforcement.

MODULE DESCRIPTOR

MODULE TITLE

IT and CAD

MODULE CODE

FV1203

CREDIT VALUE

10

MODULE AIMS

The aim of this module is to consider Information Technology and particularly the impact of it upon the fire safety disciplines working in the built environment. The module will introduce the students to the computer hardware and selected software available on the University PC network and equip students with the appropriate IT and CAD skills.

MODULE CONTENT

Information Technology: Review of basics of the IT. Data, hardware, and software. Computer safety and security. Software: Advanced features of the Microsoft Office (including word-processor, spreadsheet, database and presentation packages). Introduction to computational and analytical software. CAD: Introduction to computer drawing, 2D and 3D approaches and applications. Use of colour. Seminar exercises involving the development of 2D drawings. Demonstration(s) of 3D format. Students will be expected to be able to access fetch files containing CAD drawings, edit, amend the drawn details, print off full or part details and use these drawings to complete their coursework exercises.


1. Demonstrate their IT skills for use in all modules.

2. Demonstrate effective usage of the advanced features of the Microsoft Office software.

3. Carry out numerical and symbolic computations.

4. Use CAD facilities.

5. Appraise the possible solutions to a design problem using a CAD system.

6. Consider the applications and impact of CAD.

MODULE DESCRIPTOR

MODULE TITLE

Construction Technology 1

MODULE CODE

FV1207 CREDIT VALUE

20

MODULE AIMS

All parts of buildings and their contents must be made of something. The art of construction is to use materials in such a way that they are not exposed to conditions they cannot tolerate. The overall aim of this module is to introduce students to the functional requirements of materials for structures and describe the main features of the principal materials in use and the way structures are designed to take account of those features. This module will introduce the student to the principles of construction methods. This module will also develop the students’ knowledge and understanding of the behaviour, performance and limitations of construction materials. This module is designed to provide students with an appreciation of the properties and design implications of construction materials and introduce the student to structural design of buildings and building elements exposed to fire.

MODULE CONTENT

Introduction:, Introduction to the design processes, site appraisal and inspection and building performance requirements. Materials in construction: Timber, concrete, steel, stone and their properties in normal conditions and when exposed to fire. Building components and types: Foundations, walls, roofs and floors. Residential, commercial, assembly. Loads and other forces: Dead loads, live loads and wind loads Legislation: Building codes and regulations. Structural failure: Introduction to modes of failure


1. Demonstrate an awareness of the construction process

2. Demonstrate an awareness of the properties of construction materials and how this affects their use

3. Discuss the impact of the principal performance requirements on construction.

4. Apply building regulations in the design of construction details.

5. Identify failure modes

MODULE DESCRIPTOR

MODULE TITLE

Engineering Analysis 1

MODULE CODE

FV1302 CREDIT VALUE

10

MODULE AIMS

To establish fundamental mathematical skills and provide a framework of mathematical techniques with which to analyse engineering problems; thence to apply them in the analysis and solution of common engineering problems. Students are required to practice solving applied mathematical problems.

MODULE CONTENT

Review Algebra and Trigonometry:

Review solving linear equations, transposition of equations and indices, with examples taken from common

engineering practice; solution of linear simultaneous equations; solution of quadratic equations using the

formula and the use of the discriminant in determining the nature of the roots; Trigonometry: Use of

trigonometric ratios to solve right-angled triangles and Pythagoras Theorem. Use of Sine rule and Cosine rule

for general triangles and applications to engineering problems

Matrices and Determinants

Evaluation and properties of determinants. Minors and cofactors. Matrices – order, equality, transpose and

multiplication by a scalar. Operations and compatibility. Solution of a set of linear equations using any

appropriate method, Gaussian elimination, matrix inverse method or Cramer’s method.

Calculus:

Differentiation: Idea of a limit. Derivatives of standard functions (polynomials, exponential, trigonometric and

logarithmic functions), sums, products, quotients, and second derivatives. Stationary points, maximum and

minimum and applications.

Application of Statistical Data:

Probability: Definition, mutually exclusive, addition and multiplication rule. Review definitions of mean and

standard deviation for frequency distributions. Scattergrams, correlation coefficients and regression lines.

Applications in design and manufacture.


1. Transpose equations and solve linear and quadratic equations involving brackets, solve engineering problems using trigonometry.

2. Solve systems of linear equations using any appropriate method.

3. Understand that the slope of a curve is the limit of the slope of a chord and find the slope of functions at given point.

4. Find the stationary points for different curves

5. Calculate correlation coefficients and draw lines of best fit for given data sets.

MODULE DESCRIPTOR

MODULE TITLE

Fluid Dynamics of Fires

MODULE CODE

FV2001

CREDIT VALUE

20

MODULE AIMS

This module aims to enable the students to assimilate the fundamental principles underlying fluid flow and to apply these to flames, fires, and explosions. The module is designed to develop theoretical and practical themes introduced in Level 1. The aim of this module is to further improve qualitative understanding of combustion, fire and explosion phenomena and develop skills in their quantification.

MODULE CONTENT Mechanics of Fluids: Fluid properties. Hydrostatics and buoyancy. Bernoulli’s and continuity laws. Principles of pressure and flow measurement. Kinematics of fluid motion. Turbulence. Reynolds Number. Flow similarity and dimensional analysis. Dimensionless groups. Boundary layers. Flow in pipes, ducts, corridors and atria. Introduction to building aerodynamics and applications to fire engineering. Heat and Mass Transfer in Fluids: Heat and heat flux. Heat transfer by conduction, convection and radiation. Nusselt number. Mass transfer by diffusion and convection. Prandtl, Schmidt, and Lewis numbers. Fluid Dynamics of Combustion: Review of combustion chemistry and thermodynamics. Combustion phenomena: ignition, flames, explosions and detonation. Ignition and self-ignition. Thermal explosion. Heat gain and loss diagram. Time to ignition. Premixed flame. Normal flame velocity. Premixed flames in tubes: critical tube diameter. Diffusion flame. Burke-Schuman model. Turbulent combustion. Characteristic scales and similarity groups. Borghi diagram. Correlations of measured burning velocities and turbulence intensity. Turbulent jet flames. Combustion and flame instabilities. Flammability limits. Detonation, Shock and Blast Waves: Shock waves in ideal gas. Shock waves in chemically reacting media. Chapman-Jouget and ZND models of detonation. Three-dimensional structure of detonation. Initiation of detonation. Detonability limits. Blast waves and major disasters. Cube root law. TNT equivalent. The effect on the environment. Fire Plumes and Buoyant Flows: Buoyancy and its origin. The buoyant plume. The ideal (self-similar) plume. Air entrainment. Structure of fire plumes. Flame height and angle correlation. Virtual origin. The effect of wind on the open fire plume. Plumes in temperature-stratified atmosphere. Plume interaction with surfaces. Burning of Liquids and Solids: Mass burning rate and heat release rate. Measuring techniques. Uncertainty and limitations. Burning of liquids. Pool fires. Burning in storage tanks. Burning of liquid droplets. Burning of solids. Burning of wood and synthetic polymers. Fire retardants. Burning of Metals. Burning of dust and powders. Smouldering combustion. Flame Spread: Flame spread on liquids. Fluid-dynamic structure of near-surface layer. The role of initial temperature and the depth of fuel. Flame spread on solid combustibles. The role of surface orientation and direction of propagation. The role of fuel thickness and geometry of samples. External effects. Models of surface flame spread. Flame spread in forests. LEARNING OUTCOMES On successful completion of this module a student will be able to:

1. Describe fundamental principles developed in fluid dynamics and heat and mass transfer, including

dimension analysis and the meaning of dimensionless groups, and implement these principles to fires and explosions.

2. Determine fluid flow rates, pressure drops, describe flow in pipes, ducts, corridors and simple atria, and understand the governing parameters for different types of flow.

3. Describe heat, mass and momentum transfer in fluids and calculate transfer intensity using dimensionless criteria.

4. Examine the main characteristics of jet and buoyant flames, fire plumes and flows encountered in fire environments; calculate flame height and temperature above a fire.

5. Describe different types of fire, mechanisms of burning of different fuels and combustibles, mechanisms of flame spread in different media, and evaluate quantitatively burning and fire spread rates for different conditions.

6. Review principles of fire testing and their importance.

MODULE DESCRIPTOR

MODULE TITLE

Fire Protection 1

MODULE CODE

FV2002 CREDIT VALUE

10 credits

MODULE CONTENT

Strategy

Post-war building studies; historical development of fire legislation, tests and control; the nature of traditional

prescriptive measures, expert-based solutions, management solutions and performance-based solutions;

property versus life protection.

Fire hazard

Fire loading and purpose group; mechanisms of fire spread along combustibles, between combustibles,

throughout a room, across compartment walls and between buildings; basic methods of minimising or

preventing fire spread; enclosure effects on fire; thermal equivalency and fire resistance period.

Guidance documents and technical standard tests

Insulation, integrity and stability; reaction to fire and material classifications to BS 476 and EN 13501; fire

resistance testing and resistance classifications; contents of: Approved Document B, LPC Guide, BR187 and

Chapters 1 to 5 of CIBSE Guide Part E.

Passive protection

The effects of fire on structural elements and frames, including concrete, wood, steel, glass, plaster and

furnishings; inherent resistance and non-combustibility; compartmentation; protection of loadbearing elements

of structure; Hp/A section factor; geometric and protractor methods (BR187).

MODULE AIMS

The principles of fire protection, standard test procedures and recommended/prescriptive methods of solving

fire safety problems are studied in BN2232 “Fire Protection 1”. The focus is on traditional techniques of passive

protection. The module describes historical and current practice. The aim is to enhance the students’

knowledge of fire protection measures, understand the need for them and how and when to apply them.


1 knowledge of the various fire safety strategies and common protection measures that may be adopted

and understanding of the fundamental concepts on which the measures are based;

2 analyse fire safety problems and apply prescriptive solutions supported by fundamental theory and

comparative cost and performance evaluation;

3 assess relevant documents and communicate the essential and important points that impact on a fire

protection problem.

MODULE DESCRIPTOR

MODULE TITLE

Fire and the Built Environment

MODULE CODE

FV2003

CREDIT VALUE

20

MODULE AIMS

This module aims to develop an awareness and understanding of the impact of fires on the built environment, including building construction methods and materials used, smoke movement and control, law, regulations and standards. It explores different types of fire behaviour in the built environment. The module provides students with case studies of the impact of fires on buildings nationally (UK/HK) and internationally. Through the learning and teaching strategy, the module will also enhance students’ employability skills such as independent working, analysis, problem solving, presentations and working with others.

MODULE CONTENT

Design, Law, Regulations and Standards: Geographical, site, services, legal and planning, social and aesthetic factor. Materials, structure, technical, economic and environmental constraints and outcomes. Safety requirements, levels of occupancy. National (UK/Hong Kong) and international fire statistics. Fire safety by design. Knowledge of fire safety related building ordinances, codes and regulations, knowledge of fire safety related national (UK/Hong Kong) engineering standards, legislation and litigation related to fire safety, development of performance based codes. Loss Prevention Certification Board (LPCB) and Building Research Establishment (BRE) Certification Red Books. Introduction to Fire Modelling: Stochastic and deterministic approaches to fire modelling. Zone and field models. Direct and reverse approaches. Modelling basis. Fire computations. Experimental modelling and scalling. Fires and Enclosures: Factors influencing fire development and its stages. Typical temperature-time curve. Plume evolution and flame exhaust in compartment fires. Parameters of pre- and post-flashover fires. Introduction to fire protection principles, smoke movement and smoke control in enclosured fires, and fire resistance. Impact of Fires on the Built Environment: Pollution of the atmosphere by combustion products. Reactions of pollutants in the atmosphere. Sustainability issues of fire safety engineering. Kyoto Protocol: International Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Greenhouse effect and greenhouse gas emissions. Montreal Protocol: International Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. Freons and gallons replacement. Gaseous extinguishing systems. Alternative agents: Carbon dioxide, halocarbon agents and inert gases. UK strategies on Kyoto and Montreal Protocols. Energy White Paper 2003. Hazard assessment:

Identifying the hazard, dealing with the hazard uses and flow processes in all parts of the building. Risk associated with fire and explosion. Introduction to fire risk assessment and management. Fire Testing: Fire tests, codes and testing methods, structural integrity of main elements. British Standards Institution (BSI): Standards, Management Systems and Product Services.


1. Discuss impact of fires on the built environment, technical, economic and environmental constraints on

buildings and their design.

2. Evaluate the building construction methods and materials used in the design and construction of all elements relating to fire safety engineering.

3. Appraise the need to control smoke movement in commercial, industrial and domestic buildings.

4. Describe basic fire modelling techniques using mathematical, experimental and computational methods.

5. Analyse case studies and interpret lessons derived.

MODULE DESCRIPTOR

MODULE TITLE

Accidents and Catastrophes

MODULE CODE

FV2101

CREDIT VALUE

20

MODULE AIMS

This module aims to develop an awareness and understanding of accident and catastrophe phenomena and their impact on society. It explores different types of technological accidents and catastrophes in the built environment. The module provides students with case studies of the impact of fires on buildings nationally (UK/HK) and internationally. Through the learning and teaching strategy, the module will also enhance students’ employability skills such as independent working, analysis, problem solving, presentations and working with others.

MODULE CONTENT

Introduction to accidents, catastrophes, hazards and disasters: definitions of hazard, accident, disaster and catastrophe; natural hazards and disasters, man-caused accidents, catastrophes and disasters. Industry-related risks and hazards: concentration of industry as a potential risk; industry-related risks in the past, present and future trends. Accidents and catastrophes in industry: fuel storage, gasworks, petrol stations, fossil fuels corporations, chemical and petrochemical industry; the most probable and the worst case scenarios. Accidents and catastrophes in specific industries:

Power plants: conventional power plants, nuclear power plants, renewable plants.

Transport: motor transport, railway transport, air and sea transport.

Space industry, nuclear submarines, nuclear weapons, mining. Etc. Main dangers of different accidents and catastrophes: mass and industry released; blast waves; fires; explosions; flying fragments; radiation; domino effect. Catastrophe prevention: technological failures and their control. Terrorist attacks and treats: terrorism in 21

st century; industry objects as terrorist targets; anti-terrorist

precautions; arsons. Emergency management: state of emergency; emergency management for industry. Case Studies to include:

Windscale nuclear accident, 1951-1957;

Chernobyl, Ukraine, 1986;

King’s Cross fire, 1987;

Piper Alpha Disaster, 1988;

Ufa catastrophe, the world’s largest accident associated with release and explosion of hydrocarbon into the open atmosphere, Russia, 1989;

IRA bombing of Manchester City Centre, 1996;

Mount Blanc Tunnel Fire, 1999

Concorde crash, Gonesse, Paris, France, 2000;

Station Nightclub fire, 2003;

Terrorist attack on USA, 2001; Madrid Train Attacks, 2004;

London Bombings, 2005 and

Hong Kong case studies of fires and explosions in the built environment.

LEARNING OUTCOMES

On successful completion of this module a student will be able to:

1. Explain nature of accidents and catastrophes and their classification

2. Analyse accidents and catastrophes, their consequences and lessons learned

3. Develop a familiarity/vocabulary of major incidents in the field of study

4. Perform basic calculations to estimate the impact of accidents & catastrophes

5. Demonstrate an awareness of modern threats (incl. terrorism) and emergency and reconstruction management.

MODULE DESCRIPTOR

MODULE TITLE

Management of Occupational Health and Safety

MODULE CODE

FV2102 CREDIT VALUE

20 credits

MODULE AIMS

This module provides the principles and processes necessary for occupational health and safety in the workplace. It provides the basic principles necessary for the identification and control of hazards, the management of safety and health together with applicable legislation. The module also provides for practical inspection of workplaces.

MODULE CONTENT

Identifying and Controlling Hazards Main hazards and safe systems of work, the concepts of hazard, risk and danger. Manual handling and safe working practices. Main hazards and safe systems of work associated a wide range of working practices and maintenance work. Controlling Health Hazards Fire precautions and fire prevention measures, action taken in event of fire. Main types of occupational health risk; physical, chemical, biological and ergonomic. Classification of dangerous substances, identification, measurement, evaluation and control of health hazards. Relevant statutory and guidance documents, COSHH Regs., Health and Safety Regs. Management of Safety and Health Main elements and conditions for effective statements of health and safety policies. Proactive and reactive accident prevention and legal requirements for ensuring a safe healthy work environment. Health and safety training together with human factors which influence health and safety practices. Relevant statutory provisions; HASWA 1974, Management of HASWA 1992, Workplace Regs 1999. Compliance with General Legislation and Communication Common law and statute law and their relationship to occupational health and safety. The Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 (HASWA), general duties of all parties, statements of health and safety policy, approved codes of practice and guidance notes, role of enforcement authorities and the power of inspection. Effective written and verbal communication. Sources, selection and distribution of information on health and safety. Inspection of Workplaces Various types of inspection. Identification of hazards and appropriate remedial action.


1. identify main causes of work-related accidents and assess risk involved

2. review of fire and explosion hazards in workplaces

3. classify occupational health hazards

4. apply and review statements of health and safety policy

5. apply health and safety legislation to project scenarios

MODULE DESCRIPTOR

MODULE TITLE

Design Project 2

MODULE CODE

FV2201 CREDIT VALUE

10 credits

MODULE AIMS

The design project 2 module is designed to provide students with the opportunity to develop and enhance their engineering design skills in a team situation. The project will enable students to initiate and develop their critical thinking, problem solving and key skills in application to a case study example using appropriate tools of analysis and communication. The module acts as the vehicle for integrating the study themes of design, ICT and technology across the level 2 curriculum.

MODULE CONTENT

The design projects will be drawn from the full range of building and infrastructure applications relevant to the course: for example residential, commercial, industrial, retail and leisure. The projects will primarily involve medium scale new build and development projects. An outline building is given to the student with the aim they will put the design details into place. Students must analyse, synthesise and evaluate construction, legal, health & safety and development factors and consider aesthetic, environmental, economic, and performance criteria. The module will facilitate the integration of the course study themes of design, ICT and technology and encourage student to apply the specialist knowledge, skills and understanding developed through their specialist pathway. Students should focus on the application of design guidance and prescriptive strategies.

Students will use the project material to compile a portfolio of work. This portfolio will be presented to staff for final assessment.


1 demonstrate the use of problem solution tools and evaluative skills in the selection of appropriate methods of analysis;

2 investigate and analyse client and user requirements in a variety of design scenarios, including relevant technological, engineering, legal, health & safety and development factors;

3 examine and analyse the use of team working skills and integrative methods to problem solution;

4

provide evidence of the use of project management skills including problem analysis, time planning and management.

MODULE DESCRIPTOR

MODULE TITLE

Computer Aided Engineering

MODULE CODE

FV2203

CREDIT VALUE

10

MODULE AIMS

The primary goal is to provide fire engineering majors with fundamental knowledge and skills of using computing in fire hazard analysis. This includes both application of specialist software to solve typical computational problems of fire engineering and essential numerical programming skills required to carry out basic engineering computations within generic programming environments. FPETool and CFAST are studied as the specialist software, and Scilab is the software environment used for implementation and application of the numerical methods for basic engineering computations. The Scilab is a public domain clone of commercially available Matlab, which is, currently, the "de facto" standard software for engineering computations. This choice of the software will be permanently adjusted in order to match the hardware and other material resources available to the Department. The computational techniques learned in this course enable students to work with mathematical models of technology and systems. Assignments and projects in other courses in the Fire Engineering curriculum require the mathematical and numerical skills obtained in this course.

MODULE CONTENT

Introduction into CAE Types of software and computers used in engineering. Examples of use of computing in engineering. Public domain software resources and professional data bases. Quantitative analysis of fires using FPEtool Its purposes, class of solvable problems, and structure. Retrieving and installation of FPEtool. ASETBX room model and other options of the FIREFORM menu. Advanced modules: MAKEFIRE, FIRE SIMULATOR, CORRIDOR, and 3rd ROOM. Introduction into quantitative hazard analysis of fires with zone modelling Hazard analysis applied to building codes and hazard analysis in fire reconstruction. Predicting risk with hazard analysis and computerisation of hazard analysis. Fundamental skills of working with CFAST. Assumptions and limitations used in CFAST. Menus of CFAST's shell. Organization of data files. Setting fire case scenario in CFAST and fire hazard processing. Analysis of data obtained in fire hazard analysis. Basic elements of numerical programming Data types, variables and arrays, loops, if-structures, and subroutines. Practice in engineering calculations and graph plotting in Scilab. Development of Scilab scripts to replace selected modules of the FPEtool. Differential equations, finite elements and finite differences. Numerical simulation of conductive heat transfer in a solid wall. Basic concepts of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Conservation laws. Numerical grids and boundary conditions. Turbulence and combustion. Visualization.


1. Search and retrieve specialist data from the Internet data bases, and to download and install public domain

software via the Web.

2. Formulate problems of fire risk analysis and solve common types of these problems on computers.

3. Gain experience of using specialist software for fire hazard analysis.

4. Use and apply Scilab to plot graphs of functions given both analytically and by the data from text files. Incorporate those graphs into reports electronically.

5. Apply standard numerical methods of computational engineering, e.g. curve fitting and interpolation, solution of simultaneous linear equations, and statistical processing of experimental data.

6. Write Scilab scripts and function m-files to carry out engineering computations and plot complex graphs.

7. Review fundamental concepts of CFD analysis of fires.

MODULE DESCRIPTOR

MODULE TITLE


MODULE CODE

FV2301 CREDIT VALUE

10

MODULE AIMS

To establish fundamental manipulative and operational mathematical skills and provide a framework of mathematical techniques with which to analyse engineering problems; hence to apply them in the analysis and solution of common engineering problems. Students are required to practice solving applied mathematical problems.

MODULE CONTENT

Complex numbers:

Basic operations, Argand diagram, complex conjugate, products and quotients, exponential and polar forms.

De Moivre’s Theorem and applications to finding roots of equations.

Calculus:

Integration: Reverse process of differentiation, indefinite and definite integrals. Standard integrals ( 1/x , xe ,

sin(x) etc. ). Substitution, partial fractions and by parts. Applications to areas under curves.

Ordinary Differential Equations

Solution of 1st order differential equations by separation of variables and integrating factor technique.

Solution of 2nd

order linear differential equations with constant coefficients using complementary function and

particular integral.

Vectors

Vector algebra and geometry, scalar and vector products, vector equation of a line in 2-D and 3-D, parallel,

intersection, skew and applications.


1. Convert between Cartesian and Polar forms of a complex number and use complex numbers to find the roots of equations.

2. Integrate standard functions and find the area under the curve.

3. Evaluate general and particular solutions for certain first order differential equations.

4. Evaluate general and particular solutions for second order differential equations with constant coefficients.

5. Evaluate scalar and vector products, find the point of intersection of two lines.

MODULE DESCRIPTOR

MODULE TITLE

Enclosure Fire Dynamics

MODULE CODE

FV3001

CREDIT VALUE

20

MODULE AIMS

This module aims to establish the students’ competence in the understanding of enclosure fires and the dominant mechanisms controlling enclosure fires. The module enables to build a strong foundation for students upon knowledge gained in Level 1 and Level 2. A wide range of commonly used relationships, solutions and models are explained and interpreted to help in designing buildings for fire safety and fire investigations. Through the learning and teaching strategy, the module will also enhance students’ employability skills such as independent working, analysis, problem solving, presentations and working with others.

MODULE CONTENT

Review of ignition and steady burning of gases, solid and liquid fuels: Premixed and diffusion flames: flammability limits. Combustible liquids and solids. Their role in fire development. Ignition of combustible liquids. Ignitability indicators. Flash point. Fire point. Autoignition temperature. Classification of liquid combustibles. Ignition of solids: experimental studies and theory, and standard tests. Review of fire spread. Smoke Production and Properties: Species production in combustion. Gas species production. Equivalence ratio. Over ventilated and under ventilated combustion. Yield of gas species: prediction and measurements. Smoke aerosol production. Toxicity assessment. Hazards posed by smoke products and toxic effects: oxygen loss in the blood, and effect of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide on human body. Concentration, exposure, dose. Dose estimation. Fractional effective dose. Tenability limits. Toxic potency of combustion products. Visibility and detectability. Smoke optical properties and visibility. Absorption, scattering and extinction of visual light. The Bouguer’s law. The extinction coefficient. Specific smoke optical properties. Smoke optical and ionisation detectors. Thermal Radiation in Open and Enclosure Fires: Review of basic definitions and laws of thermal radiation. Electromagnetic wave spectrum. Black body: spectrum and emissive power. Radiation emission by enclosed fire. The role of thermal radiation in fire development. Stages of a Compartment Fire Development: Standard fire curve. Fire development in terms of flow through openings. Fire growth period and pre-flashover stage. Possible scenarios of fire growth. Energy balance. Prediction of hot layer temperature. Flashover: physical mechanism. Definitions of flashover. Conditions necessary for flashover to occur. Minimum heat release rate required for flashover to occur. Thermal instability concept. Backdraft: physical mechanism. Flashover and backdraft simulator. Post-flashover fire. Fuel controlled fire and ventilation controlled fire. The energy and mass balance. Governing criteria and experimental observations. Gas temperature. Spread of fire from a compartment. Flame exhaust. Vent Flows and Pressure Profiles for Well-Ventilated Enclosures. Ceiling Flows: Vent flows for well-ventilated enclosures for common fire scenarios. Mass flow rate through vents. The well-mixed case: mass flow rate and the height of neutral plane. The stratified case: mass flow rates into and out of the vent. Ceiling jet flows. Steady and time-dependent fires. Sloped ceilings. Confined ceilings. Ceiling jet development. Heat Transfer in Compartment Fires: Convective heat transfer in fire. Heat transfer from fire plume to ceilings. Radiative heat transfer in enclosed fires. Approximate methods. Burning walls and ceilings. Fires from windows. Smoke Control: Review of basic flow patterns. Smoke filling period. Stack effect. Buoyant flows through vertical vents. Buoyant flows through horizontal vents. Smoke screens and reservoirs. Principles of smoke control: airflow and

pressurisation. Purging. Flow areas. Design parameters (a general discussion). Pressurised stairwells. Stairwells compartmentation. Elevator smoke control. Zone smoke control. Testing. Smoke control in large spaces. Smoke filling: the non-steady problem. Smoke control: steady-state problem. Covered malls and atria. Hazard parameters. Smoke management approaches. Analytical approach. Smoke filling period and vented period. Opposed airflow. Human Phychology and Physiology. People in Fire: The study and application of clinical knowledge of human response to alarms, evacuation movement, timed egress analysis, effects of fire and combustion products on human beings. Means of escape. Movement of people: the evacuating timing. Emergency movement. Time-based egress analysis. Fire Resistance: Thermal properties of materials. Standard test. Methods for determining fire resistance. Fire resistance of walls, ceilings, roofs, doors, windows, curtain walling, and floors. Protection of beams and columns from the effects of fire. Computer Modelling of Enclosed Fires: Review of probabilistic and deterministic models. Conservation equations. Modelling strategy. Field (CFD) fire models. Turbulence, radiation and combustion submodels. Introduction to numerical techniques. Ordinary differential equations. Partial differential equations. Applications of field fire modelling. Validation. Buoyant turbulent diffusion flames in open space and an enclosure. Smoke flow and detection in compartment fire. Smoke movement in a subway hall. Case studies. Computer modelling of evacuation.


1. Review the main principles of fire protection and fire safety buildings designs, and fire analysis.

2. Interpret gas temperature - time relationships and identify and evaluate the characteristics of

compartment fires development.

3. Analyse and quantify the basic features of rising fire plumes and fire-induced flows in enclosures.

4. Critically review the principles of smoke control in buildings with respect to smoke production, smoke properties and smoke movement in building configurations.

5. Appraise the role of heat transfer in compartment fires.

6. Review the hazards of enclosure fires, human behaviour and movement of people in fire, and evacuation procedures.

7. Apply fire resistance concept and methods for determining fire resistance.

8. Analyse the principles of enclosed fire modelling and its role for fire safety by design and fire investigation.

MODULE DESCRIPTOR

MODULE TITLE

Fire Protection 2

MODULE CODE

FV3002 CREDIT VALUE

20

MODULE CONTENT

Automatic fire detection and alarm systems System types, sensor types, principles and applications; modelling of heat and smoke detector response; spacing criteria and selection data; application of communication technology, condition monitoring and inspection procedures; integration and expansion of systems; behavioural response of occupants to different audible and visual alarms. Sprinkler systems System types and sprinkler types; key drivers in design; comparison of NFPA and LPC rules; capacity and hydraulic calculations; modelling and testing of thermal response; hazard analysis, spacing, AMAO and selection data; use of software; interaction with venting systems. Halon replacement and alternatives Replacements V alternatives; cup burner, ODP, GWP, toxicity, space, weight and pressure characteristics; FIC, HCFC, HFC, FC, CO2, mist/fog, inert gas and inergen; application to restricted spaces, aircraft and computer/IT facilities. Foam systems Types of foam system, limitations and applications; capacity and hydraulic calculations; generation and aeration Ventilation systems System types, limitations and applications; design calculations for positive and negative pressure systems; smoke vent calculations and component selection, including spill plumes and vertical exits; smoke filling; interaction with sprinkler systems. Supplies Actuation of vents, motive power for fans and pumps, current to AFD systems, water to sprinkler and foam systems; LPC rules; back up systems; emergency generators and emergency lighting; harmonic distortion. Fire engineering Models of fire spread and growth; relevance of fire dynamics and smoke movement studies; Beyler’s equations, and linearized approximations; BR187 method 5; use of DD240, BS9999 and DD7974; the paradox of standardisation.

MODULE AIMS

The principles of fire protection, standard test procedures and recommended/prescriptive methods of solving fire safety problems were studied in FV2002 “Fire Protection 1”. The focus at level 2 was on traditional techniques of passive protection. In FV3002 “Fire Protection 2” the focus is switched to active systems of fire protection and innovative/engineered solutions to fire safety problems. The module aims to develop the student’s skills of numerical analyses and critical evaluation in appropriate fire protection applications.


1 Understand fire safety strategies and tools that may be adopted in application to buildings and infrastructure and evaluate their usefulness for a range of applications;

2 Exhibit design skills appropriate to the application of active fire protection systems;

3 Demonstrate an ability to apply numerical modelling to fire protection components;

4 Critically evaluate common guidance documents and topical issues current in the industry relating to the use of active fire protection measures;

MODULE DESCRIPTOR

MODULE TITLE Probabilistic Risk Assessment

MODULE CODE FV3102

CREDIT VALUE

10

MODULE AIMS

This module aims to establish the students’ competence in the understanding of probabilistic risk assessment and risk modelling in technical systems. The module is designed to develop theoretical and practical themes of systems analysis and enhance understanding of probability theory. A wide range of commonly used risk models are explained and interpreted to help in applying risk assessment. Through the learning and teaching strategy, the module will also enhance students’ employability skills such as independent working, analysis, modelling and problem solving.

MODULE CONTENT

Introduction and context: Probabilities, statistics and moments of probabilities distribution. Definitions of risk, the risk engineering process, checklists, ranking, indices, FN/PH diagrams and acceptance criterion. Tree Diagrams: Fault and success tree analysis, Bathtub curve, Cut and tie sets, Structure functions, Importance analysis, common course assessment. Reliability Engineering: Time independent and time dependent reliability engineering, MTTF and frequency testing. Monte Carlo Methods: Use of distributive information in deterministic formulas, evacuation modelling principles. Markov Chains: Time-independent Markov models, steady states and absorbing state computations.


1 Demonstrate an understanding of probabilistic risk assessment principles.

2 Apply and assess the effectiveness of fault, success and event trees.

3 Solve realistic problems in probabilistic risk assessment.

4 Critically review risk assessment and management.

MODULE DESCRIPTOR

MODULE TITLE

Project Management

MODULE CODE

FV3104 CREDIT VALUE

20 credits

MODULE AIMS

This module aims to focus on the role and responsibilities of the project manager, together with the leadership and organisation skills essential to the discharge of this function. The application of the role of the professional project manager and associated analytical, monitoring and controlling techniques will be developed.

MODULE CONTENT

Fundamentals of Project Management Philosophy and concept of project management to include client and project manager relationships. Appointing and defining the terms of reference and co-ordinating the roles and responsibilities of the project management team. Understanding and appraising the duties of the project manager in terms of power, authority, responsibility and accountability. Familiarisation with the contingency approach to management style and leadership qualities. The personal qualities and attributes of the project manager; organisational ability, effective communication, team building and understanding group behaviour. Appreciating and responding to the needs and relationships of the participating parties. Project Management; Operational Activities Understanding and application of a range of planning and programming techniques applicable to the Public and Private Sector. Implementation of the control mechanisms to all key sub-system operations to include; estimating, quality control, communications, time, risk and human resource management. The application of Health and Safety legislation to the project environment. Strategic and tactical decision making.


1. Evaluate the personal qualities and attributes required of the professional project manager

2. Apply the concept of project management together with the range of duties and responsibilities borne by the project manager in simulated and case study projects

3. Appraise the implementation, monitoring and control of planning, programming and the applied managerial skills essential to effective and efficient project management

4. Demonstrate personal management and communication skills

MODULE DESCRIPTOR

MODULE TITLE

Design Project 3

MODULE CODE

FV3201 CREDIT VALUE

20 credits

MODULE AIMS

The Design Project 3 module is designed to provide students with the opportunity to extend and demonstrate engineering design skills both as team members and as individuals. The project will enable students to develop their critical thinking, problem solving and key skills in application to a case study example using appropriate tools of analysis and communication. The module acts as the vehicle for integrating the study themes of design, ICT and technology, in a practical context.

MODULE CONTENT

The design projects will be drawn from the full range of building and infrastructure applications relevant to the course: for example residential, commercial, industrial, retail and leisure. Some projects will be new build and some will be conversion projects. Students will be provided with the opportunity to specialise. In the engineering design project, students will be expected to analyse, synthesise and evaluate construction, legal, health & safety and development factors and consider aesthetic, environmental, production and performance criteria.

The module will facilitate the integration of the course study themes of design, ICT and technology and encourage student to apply the specialist knowledge, skills and understanding developed through their specialist pathway. Students will use the project material to compile a portfolio of work. This portfolio should be suitable to use at job interviews.


1. Demonstrate critical thinking and problem solving;

2. Exhibit creativity and innovation in technical design;

3. Investigate and analyse client and user requirements, technical briefs and apply significant knowledge to design scenarios, including relevant technological, engineering, legal, health & safety and development factors;

4. Exhibit appropriate leadership and team working skills and effective time management;

5. Provide evidence of communication and presentation skills.

MODULE DESCRIPTOR

MODULE TITLE


MODULE CODE

FV3301 CREDIT VALUE

10

MODULE AIMS

This module aims to develop theoretical and practical themes introduced in Level 1 and 2 to provide students with the mathematical skills required for the final stage of their programmes of study. The module will teach the students how to use Fourier series, partial differentiation and numerical methods in order to solve common engineering problems. Students are required to practice solving applied mathematical problems.

MODULE CONTENT

Fourier Series: Introductory ideas and convergence. Trigonometric Fourier coefficients. Even and odd functions. Gibb’s phenomenon Complex form the Fourier series. Partial Differentiation:

Determination of partial derivatives of 1st and 2

nd orders. Total differential and its application to errors and rates

of change with respect to time. Partial Differential Equations: Introduction to the Taylor’s series in one dimension, Taylor series in two dimensions. Introduction to numerical solution of the Laplace and Poisson equations. Finite difference approximation method.


1. Demonstrate an understanding of, and calculate, the Fourier series expansion for certain functions.

2. Evaluate small increments and rates of change using partial differentiation.

3. Expand functions using the Taylor series.

4. Transform PDE into a system of simultaneous algebraic equations

5. Find approximate solutions to PDE’s using finite difference approximation

MODULE DESCRIPTOR

MODULE TITLE

Fire Science Dissertation

MODULE CODE

FV3900

CREDIT VALUE

20 credits

MODULE AIMS

This module aims to provide the students with the opportunity to develop independent research and evaluation skills. On an individual basis the student will be required to carry out an in-depth study involving theoretical, computational, experimental or investigative analysis, or a combination of these. Through the learning and teaching strategy, the module will also enhance students’ employability skills such as written communication skills, independent planning, execution and dissemination of research outcomes.

MODULE CONTENT

The subject studied will be variable depending upon the student’s interest and the supervisory expertise

available. Topics may arise from fire engineering/fire safety industry and in all cases they will be approved

by staff before the project is commenced. The student research should relate to theoretical, computational,

experimental or investigative analysis, or a combination of these, in an appropriate area of fire

engineering/fire safety.

Students will be advised of the dissertation requirements before the final year of their studies. They will be

given further tuition in library research and guide lines regarding the choice, management and presentation

of the dissertation.

In order to ensure uniformity of standard of performance in the dissertation all supervisors will be presented

with notes on dissertation work organisation, aspects of control and maintaining student contact.


1. Identify area of research and define the objectives of an investigation with the use of appropriate evidence and other supporting information.

2. Demonstrate ability in planning a research strategy, including where appropriate experimental and computational studies.

3. Search for and retrieve appropriate literature relevant to research topic and from a range of sources.

4. Demonstrate an in-depth knowledge of subject area.

5. Demonstrate ability in independent planning and execution of research.

6. Conduct the programme and report the findings by use of accepted methods of analysis and evaluation.

7. Synthesise and communicate the results and conclusions of the study with reference to the limitations and generalisations.

8. Disseminate research outcomes and communicate arguments logically, clearly and critically as an extended formal presentation.

Documents

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