Mody University of Science & Technology Bachelor of Science

1

Mody University of Science & Technology

Bachelor of Science

(Chemistry, Botany, Zoology)

(Effective from Academic Year 2020-21)

2

B.Sc. (Chemistry, Botany, Zoology)

Session 2020-2021 onwards

Programme Level:

Undergraduate

No. of Seats: 30 Duration: Three Years (Six

Semesters)

Affiliation: The proposed programme shall be governed by the Department of Biosciences,

SLAS, MUST, Lakshmangarh.

Programme Educational Objectives:

The graduate will

PEO1 Graduates are prepared and developed their mind for professional outlook.

PEO2 Graduates are addressed with social issues and guided to operate problems with

solutions.

PEO3 Graduates are provided with practical training, hands-on and project experience to meet

the industrial needs.

PEO4 Graduates are trained to develop creative and innovative ideas and to work in teams to

accomplish a common goal.

PEO5 Graduates are motivated to take up the new tasks to become entrepreneurs and global

leaders.

Programme Outcome:

At the end of the B.Sc. (Chemistry, Botany, Zoology) Programme, graduates will be able to

PO1 Field specialization: Scholars are specialized with the basic knowledge of chemistry,

botany and zoology.

PO2 Employability Skills: Prepare students for prominent carrier in Government and

Private sectors in academia and research industries.

PO3 Ethics: Instill ethical responsibilities, human and professional values and make their

contribution to the society.

PO4 Self-Directed and Life-long Learning: Developing new and enhancing

conversational skills that lead to not only to good communication but also to the

excellent drafting abilities linked with technical reports and presentations and be a

global entrepreneur.

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Programme Specific Outcome:

PSO 1 To amalgamate the knowledge of chemitrsy, botany and zoology for developing

technologies for food science industries, medicine, health, agriculture and

pharmaceutical.

PSO 2 To enhance expertise in taxonomic details and apply in various fields.

Scope:

B.Sc. is Bachelor of Science and it is an undergraduate level degree course in the field of

science for 3 years (six semesters). Among the different B.Sc. course, B.Sc. (Chemistry,

Botany, Zoology)

is one of them. Chemistry, Botany, and Zoology, is a combined course which gives the basic

idea about all the three subjects. This course covers all the aspects of these three fields making

the students understand the structural and functional basis of life. Chemistry makes the

candidates learn about its composition, structure, behaviour, properties, and the changes it

undergoes during any chemical reaction. They also learn about plant biology which includes

study about algae, fungi, their growth, reproduction, development, chemical properties,

structure, metabolism, etc. as a part of Botany. The Zoology branch of the course deals with the

study of animals, their structure, embryology, classification, evolution, etc for both living and

extinct animals.

Input Qualification: Candidate should have passed 10+2 from a recognized Board with proficiency in

Science. The candidates should have studied Chemistry, Botany and Zoology at 10+2 or

equivalent stage.

Programmed and Teaching Methodology The teaching methods include lectures, practical’s, field visits, workshops, seminars, field

visits, guest lectures etc.

Evaluation Procedure:

All the Rules and Regulations as provided in the Ordinances and Regulations of the Mody

University shall be followed. No student shall be admitted as a candidate for the examination

for any of the Parts/Semesters after the lapse of [5] years from the date of admission to the Part-

I/Semester-I of the Programme.

Minimum Credits (Excluding Proficiency credits) required for year up-gradation: Year

up-gradation of the student will be as per the University ordinance.

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Sp

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Course

Code Course Title

Contact

Hours

per Week

Cre

dit

s ETE

Duration

Hours

Weightage

(%)

L T P

CW

$

MT E

ET

E

Core Courses

BS20.118 Plant Ecology and Taxonomy 4 - - 4 3 25 25 50

BS20.120 Plant Ecology and Taxonomy

Laboratory - - 4 2 4 25 25 50

BS20.122 Genetics and Evolutionary Biology 4 - - 4 3

BS20.124 Genetics and Evolutionary Biology

Laboratory 4 2 4

CH20.102 Inorganic Chemistry-II 2 - - 2 3 25 25 50

CH20.104 Physical Chemistry-I 3 - - 3 3 25 25 50

CH20.112 Inorganic and Physical Chemistry

Laboratory-I

- - 2 1 3 25 25 50

Ability Enhancement Compulsory Courses

EV20.102 Environmental Studies 4 - - 4 3 25 25 50 Skill Enhancement Courses

FL-II Foreign Language-II 3 - - 3 3 25 25 50

Sub Total 25

Session 2020-2021 onwards

Name of the Programme: B.Sc. CBZ Year: First A

utu

mn

Sem

este

r

Course

Code Course Title

Contact

Hours

per Week

Cre

dit

s ETE

Duration

Hours

Weightage

(%)

L T P

CW

$

MT E

ET

E

Core Courses

BS20.117 Plant Diversity 4 - - 4 3 25 25 50

BS20.119 Plant Diversity Laboratory - - 4 2 4 25 25 50

BS20.121 Animal Diversity 4 - - 4 3 25 25 50

BS20.123 Animal Diversity Laboratory - - 4 2 4 25 25 50

CH 20.101 Inorganic Chemistry-I 2 - - 2 3 25 25 50

CH 20.103 Organic Chemistry-I 3 - - 3 3 25 25 50

CH 20.111 Inorganic and Organic chemistry

Laboratory -I

- - 2 1 3 25 25 50

Ability Enhancement Compulsory Courses

EL20.109 Foundation Course in English Skill Enhancement Courses

FL-1 Foreign Language-I 3 - - 3 3 25 25 50 Sub Total 23

SF 101 Personal Grooming, Fine Dining

(Non credit) 1

5

SF 102

Social Grooming, Home & Decor

and Business Communication (Non

credit)

1

Year: Second

Au

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Course

Code Course Title

Contact

Hours

per Week

Cre

dit

s ETE

Duration

Hours

Weightage

(%)

L T P

CW

$

MT E

ET

E

Core Courses

BS20.221 Plant Anatomy and Embryology 4 - - 4 3 25 25 50

BS20.223 Plant Anatomy and Embryology

Laboratory - - 4 2 4 25 25

50

BS20.217 Animal Anatomy and Embryology

of Vertebrates 4 - - 4 3 25 25 50

BS20.219 Animal Anatomy and Embryology

Laboratory - - 4 2 4 25 25

50

CH20.201 Organic Chemistry-II 3 - - 3 3 25 25 50

CH20.203 Physical Chemistry-II 2 - - 2 3 25 25 50

CH20.211 Organic and Physical Chemistry-I - - 2 1 3 25 25 50

Skill Enhancement Courses

Mody University Elective (any

course from the list)

3 - - 3 3 20 80

FL-III Foreign language-III BS20.229 Ethanobotany 2 - - 2 3 25 25 50

Sub Total 26

SF 201 Personal Grooming, Fine Dining

and Home Safety (Non credit) 1

6

S

pri

ng S

emes

ter

Course Code Course Title

Contact

Hours

per Week

Cre

dit

s ETE

Duration

Hours

Weightage

(%)

L T P

CW

$

MT E

ET

E

Core Courses

BS20.212 Plant Physiology and

Metabolism 4 - - 4 3 25 25 50

BS20.208 Plant Physiology Laboratory - - 4 2 4 25 25 50

BS20.214 Animal Physiology and

Biochemistry 4 - - 4 3 25 25 50

BS20.216 Animal Physiology and

Biochemistry Laboratory - - 4 2 4 25 25 50

CH20.202 Inorganic Chemistry-III 2 - - 2 3 25 25 50

CH20.204 Organic Chemistry-III 3 - - 3 3 25 25 50

CH20.212 Inorganic and Organic chemistry

Laboratory –II - -

2 1 3 - - -


Mody University Elective (any

course from the list)

3 - - 3 20 80

FL-IV Foreign language-IV

BS20.220 Aquatic Biology 2 - - 2 3 25 25 50

Sub Total 26

SF 202 Social Grooming and

Professional Skills (Non credit) 1

7

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Course

Code Course Title

Contact

Hours

per Week

Cre

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s ETE

Duration

Hours

Weightage

(%)

L T P

CW

$

MT E

ET

E

Discipline Specific Elective Courses

BS20.320 Economic Botany and

Biotechnology 4 - - 4 3 25 25 50

BS20.322 Economic Botany and

Biotechnology Laboratory - - 4 2 4 25 25 50

BS20.324 Applied Zoology 4 - - 4 3 25 25 50

BS20.326 Applied Zoology Laboratory 2 - - 2 3 25 25 50

CH20.302 Organic Chemistry-IV 3 - - 3 3 25 25 50

CH20.304 Physical Chemistry –IV 2 - - 2 3 25 25 50

CH20.312 Organic and Physical chemistry


2 1 3 25 25 50

Skill Enhancement Course

BS20.328 Mushroom Culture Technology 2 - - 2 3 25 25 50

FL-VI Foreign Language-VI 3 - - 3 3 25 25 50

Sub Total 23

*GE20.301 Proficiency (Non-credit) 1

Year: Third

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Course

Code Course Title

Contact

Hours

per Week

Cre

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Duration

Hours

Weightage

(%)

L T P

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$

MT E

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Discipline Specific Elective Courses

BS20.319 Cell and Molecular Biology 4 - - 4 3 25 25 50

BS20.321 Cell and Molecular Biology

Laboratory - - 4 2 4 25 25 50

BS20.205 Immunology 4 - - 4 3 25 25 50

BS20.207 Immunology Laboratory - - 4 2 4 25 25 50

CH20.301 Inorganic Chemistry-IV 3 - - 3 3 25 25 50

CH20.303 Physical Chemistry –III 2 - - 2 3 25 25 50

CH20.311 Inorganic and Physical chemistry


2 1 4 25 25 50


BS20.323 Apiculture 2 - - 2 2 FL-V Foreign Language-V 3 - - 3 3 25 25 50

Sub Total 23

*GE20.301 Proficiency (Non-credit) 1

8

$CW (Course work) includes teacher assessment, assignments, class /quiz test.

Evaluation of proficiency will be based on the participation in extra-curricular/co-curricular

activities.

Final Credits Summary

S.N. Particulars Credits Semester wise

I II III IV V VI Total

1. Core Courses 18 18 18 18 72

2. Discipline Specific Elective Courses - - - - 18 18 36

3 Ability Enhancement Compulsory

Courses

2 4 - - - - 06

4 Skill Enhancement Courses 3 3 8 8 5 5 32

Total 23 25 26 26 23 23 146

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CBZ Syllabus

First Year (Autumn Semester)

BS20.117 Plant Diversity 4-0-0-4

Objective To familiarize the students to special group of bacteria, algae and

fungi and analyse the relationship between them.

Unit 1: Microbes

Viruses – Discovery, general structure, replication (general

account), DNA virus (T-phage); Lytic and lysogenic cycle,

RNA virus (TMV); Economic importance; Bacteria –

Discovery, General characteristics and cell structure; Reproduction

– vegetative, asexual and recombination (conjugation,

transformation and transduction); Economic importance.

9

Unit 2 Algae

General characteristics; Ecology and distribution; Range of

thallus organization and reproduction; Classification of algae;

Morphology and life-cycles of the following: Nostoc,

Chlamydomonas, Oedogonium, Vaucheria, Fucus, Polysiphonia.

Economic importance of algae

10

Unit 3 Fungi

Introduction- General characteristics, ecology and significance,

range of thallus organization, cell wall composition , nutrition,

reproduction and classification; True Fungi- General

characteristics, ecology and significance, life cycle of Rhizopus

(Zygomycota) Penicillium, Alternaria (Ascomycota), Puccinia,

Agaricus (Basidiomycota); Symbiotic Associations-Lichens:

General account, reproduction and significance; Mycorrhiza:

ectomycorrhiza and endomycorrhiza and their significance

10

Unit 4: Bryophytes & Pteridophyte

General characteristics, adaptations to land habit, Classification,

Range of thallus organization. Classification (up to family),

morphology, anatomy and reproduction of Marchantia and

Funaria. (Developmental details not to be included). Ecology

and economic importance of bryophytes with special mention of

Sphagnum.

General characteristics, classification, Early land plants (Cooksonia

and Rhynia). Classification (up to family), morphology, anatomy

and reproduction of Selaginella, Equisetum and Pteris.

(Developmental details not to be included). Heterospory and seed

habit, stelar evolution. Ecological and economical importance of

Pteridophytes.

16

Unit 5 Gymnosperm & Archegoniate 7

10

General characteristics, classification. Classification (up to

family), morphology, anatomy and reproduction of Cycas and

Pinus. (Developmental details not to be included). Ecological

and economical importance.

Unifying features of archegoniates, Transition to land habit,

Alternation of generations.

Course

Outcome

After completion of the course, students would be able to

understand, appreciate and apply the economic, ecological and

pathological importance of various microbes

Suggested Readings

Text Books:

1. Kumar, H.D. (1999). Introductory Phycology. Affiliated

East-West. Press Pvt. Ltd. Delhi 2nd

edition.

2. Sethi, I.K. and Walia, S.K. (2011). Text book of Fungi

& Their Allies, MacMillan Publishers Pvt. Ltd., Delhi.

3. Parihar, N.S. (1991). An introduction to Embryophyta.

Vol. I. Bryophyta. Central Book Depot, Allahabad.

4. Vashishta, P.C., Sinha, A.K., Kumar, A., (2010).

Pteridophyta, S. Chand. Delhi, India.

5. Bhatnagar, S.P. and Moitra, A. (1996). Gymnosperms.

New Age International (P) Ltd Publishers, New Delhi,

India.

Refence Books:

6. Raven, P.H., Johnson, G.B., Losos, J.B., Singer, S.R.,

(2005). Biology. Tata McGraw Hill, Delhi, India.

7. Tortora, G.J., Funke, B.R., Case, C.L. (2010).

Microbiology: An Introduction, Pearson Benjamin

Cummings, U.S.A. 10th

edition.

8. Alexopoulos, C.J., Mims, C.W., Blackwell, M. (1996).

Introductory Mycology, John Wiley and Sons (Asia),

Singapore. 4th

edition.

11

BS20.119 Plant Diversity Laboratory 0-0-4-2

Objective To acquaint the students with external and internal basic structure

and cellular composition of the Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, Bryophytes

and Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms.

1. EMs/Models of viruses – T-Phage and TMV, Line

drawing/Photograph of Lytic and Lysogenic Cycle.

2. Types of Bacteria from temporary/permanent

slides/photographs; EM bacterium; Binary Fission;

Conjugation; Structure of root nodule.

3. Gram staining

4. Study of vegetative and reproductive structures of Nostoc,

Chlamydomonas (electron micrographs), Oedogonium,

Vaucheria, Fucus* and Polysiphonia through temporary

preparations and permanent slides. (* Fucus - Specimen and

permanent slides)

5. Rhizopus and Penicillium: Asexual stage from temporary

mounts and sexual structures through permanent slides.

6. Alternaria: Specimens/photographs and tease mounts.

7. Puccinia: Herbarium specimens of Black Stem Rust of

Wheat and infected Barberry leaves; section/tease mounts of

spores on Wheat and permanent slides of both the hosts.

8. Agaricus: Specimens of button stage and full grown mushroom;

Sectioning of gills of Agaricus.

9. Lichens: Study of growth forms of lichens (crustose, foliose and

fruticose)

10. Mycorrhiza: ecto mycorrhiza and endo mycorrhiza (Photographs)

11. Marchantia- morphology of thallus, w.m. rhizoids and scales,

v.s. thallus through gemma cup, w.m. gemmae (all temporary

slides), v.s. antheridiophore, archegoniophore,

l.s. sporophyte (all permanent slides).

12. Funaria- morphology, w.m. leaf, rhizoids, operculum,

peristome, annulus, spores (temporary slides); permanent

slides showing antheridial and archegonial heads, l.s.

capsule and protonema.

13. Selaginella- morphology, w.m. leaf with ligule, t.s. stem,

w.m. strobilus, w.m. microsporophyll and megasporophyll

(temporary slides), l.s. strobilus (permanent slide).

14. Equisetum- morphology, t.s. internode, l.s. strobilus, t.s.

strobilus, w.m. sporangiophore,

w.m. spores (wet and dry)(temporary slides); t.s rhizome

(permanent slide).

15. Pteris- morphology, t.s. rachis, v.s. sporophyll, w.m.

sporangium, w.m. spores (temporary slides), t.s. rhizome,

w.m. prothallus with sex organs and young sporophyte

(permanent slide).

12

16. Cycas- morphology (coralloid roots, bulbil, leaf), t.s. coralloid

root, t.s. rachis, v.s. leaflet,

v.s. microsporophyll, w.m. spores (temporary slides), l.s.

ovule, t.s. root (permanent slide).

17. Pinus- morphology (long and dwarf shoots, w.m. dwarf

shoot, male and female), w.m. dwarf shoot, t.s. needle, t.s.

stem, , l.s./t.s. male cone, w.m. microsporophyll, w.m.

microspores (temporary slides), l.s. female cone, t.l.s. & r.l.s.

stem (permanent slide).

Course

Outcome

After completion of the course, students would be able to

understand the classification, characteristics features, cell

structure and growth and reproduction in viruses, bacteria, and

various groups of marine and fresh water algae and their

ecological and economic importance and can apply in

conducting research.

BS20.121

Animal Diversity

4-0-0-4

Objective To identify different characteristics and classification of various

phyla’s.

Unit 1: Kingdom Protista

General characters and classification up to classes;

Locomotory Organelles and locomotion in Protozoa

4

Unit 2 Phylum Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes &

Nemathelminthes

General characters and classification up to classes; Canal System in

Sycon,General characters and classification up to classes;

Polymorphism in Hydrozoa, General characters and classification

up to classes; Life history of Taenia solium General characters and

classification up toclasses; Life history of Ascaris lumbricoides

and its parasitic adaptations

12

Unit 3 Phylum Annelida Arthropoda Mollusca & Echinodermata General characters and classification up to classes; Metamerism in

Annelida; General characters and classification up to classes;

Vision in Arthropoda, Metamorphosis in Insects. General

characters and classification up to classes; Torsion in gastropods

General characters and classification up to

classes; Water-vascular system in Asteroidea

14

Unit 4: General features and Phylogeny of Protochordata

General features of Agnatha and classification of cyclostomes up

to classes, General features and Classification up to orders;

Osmoregulation in Fishes, General features and Classification up

to orders; Parental care, General features and Classification up to

14

13

orders; Poisonous and non-poisonous snakes, Biting mechanism

in snakes

Unit 5 Aves & Mammals

General features and Classification up to orders; Flight adaptations

in birds, Classification up to orders; Origin of mammals

8

Note: Classification of Unit 1-9 to be followed from “Barnes,

R.D. (1982). Invertebrate Zoology, V Edition”

Course

Outcome After completion of the course, students would be able to apply the

knowledge of internal structure of cell, its functions in control of

various metabolic functions of organisms.

SUGGESTED READINGS

Text Books:

1. Ruppert and Barnes, R.D. (2006). Invertebrate Zoology,

VIII Edition. Holt Saunders International Edition.

2. Young, J. Z. (2004). The Life of Vertebrates. III Edition. Oxford

university press.

3. Pough H. Vertebrate life, VIII Edition, Pearson International.

Reference Books:

1. Barnes, R.S.K., Calow, P., Olive, P.J.W., Golding, D.W.

and Spicer, J.I. (2002). The Invertebrates: A New Synthesis,

III Edition, Blackwell Science

2. Hall B.K. and Hallgrimsson B. (2008). Strickberger’s

Evolution. IV Edition. Jones and Bartlett Publishers Inc.

14

BS20.123 Animal diversity laboratory 0-0-4-2

Objective To identify anatomical and physiological attributes of each animal group.

1. Study of the following specimens:

Amoeba, Euglena, Plasmodium, Paramecium, Sycon, Hyalonema,

and Euplectella, Obelia, Physalia, Aurelia, Tubipora, Metridium,

Taenia solium, Male and female Ascaris lumbricoides, Aphrodite,

Nereis, Pheretima, Hirudinaria, Palaemon, Cancer, Limulus,

Palamnaeus, Scolopendra, Julus, Periplaneta, Apis, Chiton,

Dentalium, Pila, Unio, Loligo, Sepia, Octopus, Pentaceros, Ophiura,

Echinus, Cucumaria and Antedon, Balanoglossus, Herdmania,

Branchiostoma, Petromyzon, Sphyrna, Pristis, Torpedo, Labeo,

Exocoetus, Anguilla, Ichthyophis/Ureotyphlus, Salamandra, Bufo,

Hyla, Chelone, Hemidactylus, Chamaeleon, Draco, Vipera, Naja,

Crocodylus, Gavialis, Any six common birds from different orders,

Sorex, Bat, Funambulus, Loris

2. Study of the following permanent slides:

T.S. and L.S. of Sycon, Study of life history stages of Taenia, T.S. of

Male and female

Ascaris

3. Key for Identification of poisonous and non-poisonous snakes

An “animal album” containing photographs, cut outs, with appropriate

write up about the above mentioned taxa. Different taxa/ topics may be

given to different sets of students for this purpose.

Course

Outcome

After completion of the course, students would be able to understand

animal interactions with the environment and identify the major groups

of organisms with an emphasis on animals and classify them within a

phylogenetic framework.

15

CH 20.101 Inorganic Chemistry-I 2-0-0-2

Atomic Structure: Bohr’s theory, its limitations and atomic spectrum of hydrogen atom, Idea of de

Broglie matter wave, Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle and its significance, Schrodinger’s wave

equation, significance of ψ and ψ2, normal and orthogonal wave functions, quantum numbers and their

significance, sign of wave functions, radial and angular wave function, radial probability distribution

curves, shapes of s, p, d and f orbitals, Aufbau’s principle and its limitations, Pauli’s exclusion

principle, Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity, variation of orbital energy with atomic number,

electronic configurations of the elements and ions.

[7]

Chemical Bonding: Valence bond theory and its limitations, directional and shapes of simple inorganic

molecules and ions. Valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory to NH3, H3O+, SF4, ClF3, ICl2

and H2O, MO theory, homonuclear and heteronuclear (CO and NO) diatomic molecules, multicenteric

bonding in electron deficient molecules, bond strength and bond energy, percentage ionic character

from dipole moment and electronegativity difference. Ionic structures, radius ratio effect and coordination

number, limitation of radius ratio rule, lattice defects, semiconductors, lattice energy and Born Haber

cycle, solvation energy and solubility of ionic solids, polarizing power and polarisability of ions, Fajan's

rule. Metallic bond, free electron, valence bond and band theories.

[7]

Chemistry of s- Block Elements: Electronic configurations, diagonal relationships, solvation and

complexation tendencies including their functions in biosystems. [4]

Periodicity of p-block elements: Periodicity in properties of p-block elements, Some Important

Compounds of p-Block Elements : Hydrides of boron, diborane and higher boranes, fullerenes,

carbides, silicates (structural principle), tetrasulphur tetranitride, basic properties of halogens,

interhalogens and polyhalides.

[4]

Chemistry of Noble Gases: Chemical properties of the noble gases, chemistry of Xenon, structure

and bonding in Xenon compounds (XeF2, XeF4, XeF6, XeOF4, XeO2F2, XeO3). Weak Interactions:

Hydrogen bonding, Vander Waals forces.

[4]

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. Shivahare and Lavania, Inorganic Chemistry B.Sc. Part I, 2008, RBD.

Reference Books:

1. F. A. Cotton. G. Wilkinson and P. L. Gaus, Basic Inorganic Chemistry, 3rd

Edition, 1995,

Wiley Interscience.

2. Lee, J.D. Concise Inorganic Chemistry ELBS, 1991.

3. Wahid U. Malik, G.D. Tuli, R.D. Madan, Selected Topics in Inorganic Chemistry, 17th Ed.

2006, S. Chand & Co. Ltd

CH 20.103 Organic Chemistry-I 3-0-0-3

Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry: Hybridization, Electronic Displacements: Inductive Effect,

Electromeric Effect, Resonance, Hyperconjugation, charge-transfer compounds and field effects.

Cleavage of Bonds: Homolysis and Heterolysis, Nucleophiles and electrophiles, shape and stability order

of reactive Intermediates: Carbocations, Carbanions and free radicals. Strength of organic acids and

bases: Comparative study with emphasis on factors affecting pK values.

[7]

16

Stereochemistry: Conformations with respect to ethane, n-butane and cyclohexane. Interconversion of

WedgeFormula, Newmann, Sawhorse and Fischer representations. Concept of chirality and Elements of

symmetry. Configuration: Geometrical and Optical isomerism; Enantiomerism,Diastereomerism and

Meso compounds). Threo and erythro; D and L; cis – trans nomenclature; CIP Rules: R/ S and E / Z

nomenclature .

[8]

Chemistry of Alkanes and Alkenes: Preparation, Physical properties and chemical reaction of alkanes.

Mechanism of free radical halogenations of alkanes. Alkenes: Preparation, mechanisms of dehydration of

alcohols and dehydrohalogenation of alkyl halides, regioselectivity in alcohol dehydration. The Saytzeff’s

rule, Hofmann elimination, physical properties and relative stabilities of alkenes. Chemical reactions of

alkenes- mechanisms involved in hydrogenation, electrophilic and free radical additions. Markownikoff’s rule,

hydroboration- oxidation, oxymercuration- reduction. Epoxidation, ozonolysis, hydration, hydroxylation and

oxidation with KMnO4, polymerization of alkenes. Substitution at the allylic and vinylic positions of

alkenes. Industrial applications of ethylene and propene.

[8]

Chemistry of dienes and alkynes: Isolated, conjugated and cumulated dienes, Structure of allenes and

butadiene, methods of formation, polymerization, Chemical reactions-1, 2 and 1,4 additions, Diels-Alder

reaction. Nomenclature, structure and bonding in alkynes, methods of formation. Chemical reactions of

alkynes, acidity of alkynes. Mechanism of electrophilic and nucleophilic addition reactions, hydroboration-

oxidation, metal-ammonia reduction, oxidation and polymerization.

[8]

Arenes and Aromaticity: Structure of benzene: molecular formula and Kekule structure. Stability and

carbon-carbon bond lengths of benzene, resonance structure, MO picture. Aromaticity: Huckel’s rule,

aromatic ions. Aromatic electrophilic substitution: General pattern of the mechanism, role of sigma and

pi complexes. Mechanism of nitration, halogenation, sulphonation, mercuration and Friedel-Crafts

reaction. Energy profile diagrams. Activating and deactivating substituents, orientation and ortho/para

ratio. Side chain reactions of benzene derivatives and Birch reduction.

[8]

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. P. L. Soni and H. M. Chawla, Text Book of Organic Chemistry, 28th Ed. 1999, S. Chand & Co

Ltd.

2. A. K. Srivastava, Organic Chemistry, 1st

Ed. 2002, New Age International.

3. P. Singh, Organic Chemistry B.Sc. Part I, 2006, RBD.

Reference Books:

1. Morrison & Boyd, Organic Chemistry, 6th Ed. 1998, Prentice Hall.

2. Bahl and Arun Bahl, Advanced Organic Chemistry, 19th Ed. 2005.

3. McMurry, J.E. Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry, 7th Ed. Cengage Learning India Edition, 2013.

17

CH 20.111 Inorganic and Organic Chemistry Laboratory-I 0-0-2-1

Perform any EIGHT experiments from the below list.

1-4.To analyze the given mixture containing four radicals (two acidic and two basic) including interfering acid

radicals- fluoride, borate, oxalate, phosphate and excluding insoluble. (Four mixture)

1. Preparation of standard solutions of different Molarity/Normality of titrants.

2. Purification of a given organic sample solid/liquid through crystallization or distillation and ascertaining

their purity through melting point or boiling point.

3. To study the process of sublimation of camphor and phthalic acid.

4. Systematic identification-I (detection of extra elements, functional groups: To determine the functional

group of the given organic compound through element detection and functional group analysis:

Carboxylic Acid, alcoholic, phenolic, ester, aldehydic, ketonic, carbohydrate, amide, anilide, nitro and

hydrocarbon.

Suggested Readings:

Text Book:

1. Practical Chemistry: Giri, Bajpai and Pandey, Reprint 2009, S. Chand & Co. Ltd.

2. R.L. Madan, G.D. Tuli, Physical Chemistry, 2nd

revised Ed. 2005, S. Chand & Co. Ltd.

Reference Books:

1. Experimental Inorganic/Physical Chemistry, 1st Edition, An Investigative, Integrated Approach to

Practical Project Work, M A Malati, Woodhead Publishing, 1999.

2. Laboratory Manual Of Practical Inorganic Chemistry, Yogyakarta State University.

3. A.O. Thomas, Practical Chemistry, 8th

Ed. Geethanjali Offset Prints, Calicut.

Mendham, J., A. I. Vogel’s Quantitative Chemical Analysis 6th Ed., Pearson, 2009.

18

EL20.109 Foundation Course in English 2-0-0-2

Objective: Student will be given knowledge of functional grammar in order to develop

effective reading and writing skills.

Sentence Structure: Elements of a sentence (Subject, verb, object,

complement and adjunct)

Articles: Definite and Indefinite & omission of articles

5

Transformation of Sentence Structure: Active and Passive Voice

(statement, negative, interrogative and imperative), Direct and indirect

narration (statement, negative, interrogative and imperative)

5

Correct Usage of Language: Tenses (Present, Past and Future),

Phrasal verbs, Modals (can, could, will, would, shall, should, may,

might, must, ought to, need)

Common Errors in Effective Communication: How to avoid

common sentence – structural errors, vocabulary and pronunciation

6

Writing Skills: Theme (Paragraph) writing, Letter (formal letters) and

application writing, report writing, résumé writing

6

Reading Comprehension: Efficient reading and note taking 4

Course Outcome: The student will be able to:

1 Learn the essentials of English Grammar.

2 Apply the rules of grammar to use flawless English in speech and writing.

3 Analyze, identify and rectify the common errors in speech and writing.

4 Student can read with ease and fluently, enrich vocabulary and enjoy reading and

writing.

5 Evaluate a piece of writing keeping in mind all the rules of grammar studied.

6 Read and comprehend English

Text Books:

1 Wren & Martin: English Grammar & Composition, S.Chand & Co, Delhi ( Latest

edition)

2 Hornby A.S.: A Guide to patterns and usage, Oxford University Press, Delhi, 1954.

Reference Books:

1 Murphy and Reynold: Essentials of English grammar, Cambridge University Press,

4th printing 2007.

2 Leech Geoffery: English Grammar for today, Longman, Delhi, 1973.

3 Quirk & Greenbaum: University English Grammar, Longman Publications, 1973.

4 Sharma, R.C. & Krishna Mohan: Business Correspondence & Report writing; Tata

McGraw Hill, New Delhi (Latest edition).

BS20.118 Plant Ecology and Taxonomy 4-0-0-4

Objective To learn and gain knowledge about ecology and taxonomic evidences of

plants

Unit 1: Ecological factors

Soil: Origin, formation, composition, soil profile. Water: States of water in

the environment, precipitation types. Light and temperature: Variation

Optimal and limiting factors; Shelford law of tolerance. Adaptation of

hydrophytes and xerophytes.

8

19

Unit 2 Plant communities

Characters; Ecotone and edge effect; Succession; Processes and types.

8

Unit 3 Ecosystem & Phytogeography

Structure; energy flow trophic organisation; Food chains and food webs,

Ecological pyramids production and productivity; Biogeochemical cycling;

Cycling of carbon, nitrogen and Phosphorous

Principle biogeographical zones; Endemism

12

Unit 4: Introduction to plant taxonomy, Identification, Taxonomic evidences &

hierarchy Identification, Classification, Nomenclature.

Functions of Herbarium, important herbaria and botanical gardens of the

world and India; Documentation: Flora, Keys: single access and multi-access

Taxonomic evidences from palynology, cytology, phytochemistry and

molecular data.

Ranks, categories and taxonomic groups

12

Unit 5 Botanical nomenclature, Classification and Biometrics, numerical

taxonomy and cladistics

Principles and rules (ICN); ranks and names; binominal system, typification,

author citation, valid publication, rejection of names, principle of priority and

its limitations.

Types of classification-artificial, natural and phylogenetic. Bentham and

Hooker (upto series), Engler and Prantl (upto series).

Characters; variations; OTUs, character weighting and coding; cluster

analysis; phenograms, cladograms (definitions and differences).

12

Course

Outcome

Use knowledge, understanding and skills for critical assessment of wide

range of ideas and problems in the field of Plant Ecology and Taxonomy.

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. Sharma, P.D. (2010) Ecology and Environment.

Rastogi Publications, Meerut, India. 8th

edition.

2. Singh, G. (2012). Plant Systematics: Theory and

Practice. Oxford & IBH Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. 3rd

edition.

Reference Books:

1. Kormondy, E.J. (1996). Concepts of Ecology. Prentice Hall, U.S.A.

4th

edition.

2. Simpson, M.G. (2006). Plant Systematics. Elsevier Academic Press,

San Diego, CA, U.S.A.

BS20.120 Plant Ecology and Taxonomy Laboratory 0-0-4-2

Objective To identify anatomical and physiological attributes of each

plant group.

1. Study of instruments used to measure microclimatic variables: Soil

thermometer, maximum and minimum thermometer, anemometer,

psychrometer/hygrometer, rain gauge and lux meter.

20

2. Determination of pH, and analysis of two soil samples for

carbonates, chlorides, nitrates, sulphates, organic matter and base

deficiency by rapid field test.

3. Comparison of bulk density, porosity and rate of infiltration of water in

soil of three habitats.

4. (a) Study of morphological adaptations of hydrophytes and xerophytes

(four each). (b)Study of biotic interactions of the following: Stem

parasite (Cuscuta), Root parasite (Orobanche), Epiphytes, Predation

(Insectivorous plants)

5. Determination of minimal quadrat size for the study of herbaceous

vegetation in the college campus by species area curve method.

(species to be listed)

6. Quantitative analysis of herbaceous vegetation in the college

campus for frequency and comparison with Raunkiaer’s frequency

distribution law

7. Study of vegetative and floral characters of the following families

(Description, V.S. flower, section of ovary, floral diagram/s, floral

formula/e and systematic position according to Bentham & Hooker’s

system of classification):Brassicaceae -Brassica, Alyssum / Iberis;

Asteraceae -Sonchus/Launaea, Vernonia/Ageratum, Eclipta/Tridax;

Solanaceae -Solanum nigrum, Withania; Lamiaceae -Salvia, Ocimum;

Liliaceae - Asphodelus / Lilium / Allium.

8. Mounting of a properly dried and pressed specimen of any wild

plant with herbarium label (to be submitted in the record book).

Course

Outcome

Students will be able to demonstrate the experimental techniques and

methods of the subject learnt and will be able to address the practical

problems

21

BS20.122 Genetics and Evolutionary Biology 4-0-0-4

Objective The course gives students a very basic overview of some principles behind

these very fundamental areas of biology

Unit 1: Introduction to Genetics, Mendelian Genetics and its Extension

Mendel’s work on transmission of traits, Genetic Variation, Molecular

basis of Genetic Information

Principles of Inheritance, Chromosome theory of inheritance, Incomplete

dominance and co- dominance, Multiple alleles, Lethal alleles, Epistasis,

Pleiotropy, sex linked inheritance, extra-chromosomal inheritance.

8

Unit 2 Linkage, Crossing Over and Chromosomal Mapping

Linkage and crossing over, Recombination frequency as a measure of linkage

intensity, two factor and three factor crosses, Interference and coincidence,

Somatic cell genetics - an alternative approach to gene mapping

6

Unit 3 Mutations & Sex Determination

Chromosomal Mutations: Deletion, Duplication, Inversion, Translocation,

Aneuploidy and Polyploidy; Gene mutations: Induced versus Spontaneous

mutations, Back versus Suppressor mutations.

Chromosomal mechanisms, dosage compensation

8

Unit 4: History of Life, Introduction to Evolutionary Theories, Direct

Evidences of Evolution & Processes of Evolutionary Change Major Events in History of Life

Lamarckism, Darwinism, Neo-Darwinis

Types of fossils, Incompleteness of fossil record, Dating of fossils,

Phylogeny of horse.

Organic variations; Isolating Mechanisms; Natural selection (Example:

Industrial melanism); Types of natural selection (Directional, Stabilizing,

Disruptive), Artificial selection

16

Unit 5 Species Concept, Macro-evolution & Extinction

Biological species concept (Advantages and Limitations); Modes of

speciation (Allopatric, Sympatric)

Macro-evolutionary Principles (example: Darwin’s Finches)

Mass extinction (Causes, Names of five major extinctions, K-T extinction in

detail), Role of extinction in evolution.

14

Course

Outcome

Students will be able to explain and apply the learnt principles and

fundaments of genetics.

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. Campbell, N. A. and Reece J. B. (2011). Biology. IX Edition,

Pearson, Benjamin, Cummings.

2. Klug, W.S., Cummings, M.R., Spencer, C.A. (2012). Concepts

of Genetics. X Edition. Benjamin Cummings.

3. Barton, N. H., Briggs, D. E. G., Eisen, J. A., Goldstein, D. B. and

Patel, N. H. (2007). Evolution. Cold Spring, Harbour Laboratory

Press.

4. Barton, N. H., Briggs, D. E. G., Eisen, J. A., Goldstein, D. B. and

Patel, N. H. (2007). Evolution. Cold Spring, Harbour Laboratory

22

Press.

Reference Books:

1. Gardner, E.J., Simmons, M.J., Snustad, D.P. (2008). Principles

of Genetics. VIII Edition. Wiley India.

2. Snustad, D.P., Simmons, M.J. (2009). Principles of Genetics. V

Edition. John Wiley and Sons Inc.

3. Russell, P. J. (2009). Genetics- A Molecular Approach. III

Edition. Benjamin Cummings.

4. Griffiths, A.J.F., Wessler, S.R., Lewontin, R.C. and Carroll, S.B.

Introduction to Genetic Analysis. IX Edition. W. H. Freeman and

Co.

5. Ridley, M. (2004). Evolution. III Edition. Blackwell Publishing

6. Hall, B. K. and Hallgrimsson, B. (2008). Evolution. IV Edition.

Jones and Bartlett Publishers

7. Douglas, J. Futuyma (1997). Evolutionary Biology. Sinauer

Associates.

BS20.124 Genetics and Evolutionary Biology Laboratory 0-0-4-2

Objective To understand the basic scientific methods, including data analysis, used in

these fields, and be able to carry out simple analyses using empirical

population genetics and quantitative genetics data.

1. Study of Mendelian Inheritance and gene interactions (Non Mendelian

Inheritance) using suitable examples. Verify the results using Chi-

square test.

2. Study of Linkage, recombination, gene mapping using the data.

3. Study of Human Karyotypes (normal and abnormal).

4. Study of fossil evidences from plaster cast models and pictures

5. Study of homology and analogy from suitable specimens/ pictures

6. Charts:

a) Phylogeny of horse with diagrams/ cut outs of limbs and teeth of

horse ancestors

b) Darwin’s Finches with diagrams/ cut outs of beaks of different

species

7. Visit to Natural History Museum and submission of report

Course

Outcome

Student will be able to combine this knowledge to interpret results from

studies in population and quantitative genetics.

23

CH20.102 Inorganic Chemistry-II 2-0-0-2 Chemistry of Elements of First Transition series: Characteristic properties of d-block elements.

Properties of the elements of the first transition series, their binary compounds and complexes

illustrating relative stability of their oxidation states, coordination number and geometry.

[5]

Chemistry of Elements of Second and Third Transition Series: General characteristics,

comparative treatment with their 3d- analogues in respect

of ionic radii, oxidation states, magnetic behavior, spectral properties and stereochemistry.

[4]

Coordination Compounds: Werner's coordination theory and its experimental verification, effective

atomic number concept, chelates, nomenclature of coordination compounds, isomerism in coordination

compounds, valence bond theory of transition metal complexes.

[7]

Chemistry of Lanthanide and Actinide Elements: Electronic configuration, oxidation states and

ionic, atomic radii and lanthanide contraction, complex formation, occurrence and isolation,

lanthanide compounds. Preparation of transuranic elements, Chemistry of separation of Np, Pu and Am

from U, similarities between the later actinides and the later lanthanides.

[10]

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. P.L. Soni, Text Book of Inorganic Chemistry, 1999, S. Chand & Co. Ltd.

2. Shivahare and Lavania, Inorganic Chemistry B.Sc. Part II, 2004, RBD.

Reference Books:

1. F.A. Cotton. G. Wilkinson and P.L. Gaus, Basic Inorganic Chemistry 5rd

Ed. 2005, Wiley

Interscience.

2. Wahid U. Malik, G.D. Tuli, R.D. Madan, Selected Topics in Inorganic Chemistry, 18th Ed.

2009, S. Chand & Co. Ltd.

3. Shriver, D.F. & Atkins, P.W. Inorganic Chemistry, Oxford University Press.

CH20.104 Physical Chemistry-I 3-0-0-3

Gaseous States: Postulates of kinetic theory of gases, deviation from ideal behavior, Vander Waals

equation of state. Critical Phenomena: PV isotherms of real gases, continuity of states, the isotherms

of Vander Waals equation, relationship between critical constants and Vander Waals constants, the

law of corresponding states, reduced equation of state. Molecular velocities: Root mean square,

average and most probable velocities. Qualitative discussions of the Maxwell’s distribution of

molecular velocities, collision number, mean free path and collision diameter. Liquefaction of gases

(based on Joule- Thomson effect).

[9]

Liquid State: Intermolecular forces, structure of liquids (a qualitative description). Structural

differences between solids, liquids and gases. Liquid crystals. Difference between liquid crystals, solid

and liquid. Classification, structure of nematic and cholestric phases.

[6]

Solid State: Definition of space lattice, unit cell. Laws of crystallography, Law of constancy of

interfacial angles, Law of rationality of indices, Law of symmetry. Symmetry elements in crystals. X-

ray diffraction by crystals. Derivation of Bragg's equation. Determination of crystal structure of NaCl,

KC1 and CsCl (Laue's method and Powder method).

[7]

Surface tension and Viscosity: Introduction, measurement, applications in chemical constitution,

effect of temperature on surface tension and viscosity and parachore. [4]

Nuclear & Radio Chemistry: Elementary idea of nucleus, nuclear forces, mass defect, binding

energy, fission and fusion. Liquid drop and shell model of nucleus, theory of radioactivity, GM

counters, Wilson cloud chamber, isotopes, group displacement laws and radioactive steady state.

[3]

24

Spectroscopy: Electromagnetic radiation of the spectrum, basic features of different spectrometers,

Rotational Spectrum -Diatomic molecules, idea of vibrational frequencies of different functional groups.

Raman Spectrum concept of polarizability, pure rotational and pure vibrational Raman spectra of diatomic

molecules.

[4]

Photochemistry: Interaction of radiation with matter, difference between thermal and photochemical

processes. Laws of photochemistry: Grothus- Drapper law, Stark-Einstein law, Jablonski diagram

depicting various processes occurring in the excited state, qualitative description of fluorescence,

phosphorescence, non-radiative processes (internal conversion, intersystem crossing), quantum yield,

photosensitized reactions-energy transfer processes (simple examples).

[6]

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. P. D. Sharma, A. P. Bhargava, Physical Chemistry B.Sc. Part I, , 2011, RBD.

2. R L Madan, Physical Chemistry, McGraw Hill Education

Reference Books:

1. P.W. Atkins, The elements of Physical Chemistry, 4thEdition, 1998, Oxford.

2. Puri, Sharma, Pathania, Principles of Physical Chemistry, 5th Ed. 2003, Vishal Publishing Co.

3.Barrow, G.M. Physical Chemistry Tata McGraw‐Hill (2007).

4.Castellan, G.W. Physical Chemistry 4th Ed. Narosa (2004).

CH20.112 Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory-I 0-0-2-1

1. Estimation of sodium carbonate and sodium hydrogen carbonate present in a mixture.

2. Estimation of water of crystallization in Mohr’s salt by titrating with KMnO4.

3. Determination of Hardness of water by EDTA method.

4. Estimation of Fe (II) ions by titrating it with K2Cr2O7 using internal indicator.

5. Estimation of Cu (II) ions iodometrically using Na2S2O3.

6.To determine the specific reaction rate of the hydrolysis of methyl acetate/ethyl acetate catalyzed by

hydrogen ions at room temperature.

7.To prepare arsenious sulphide sol and compare the precipitating power of mono-, bi – and trivalent

anions.

8.To determine the surface tension of a given liquid by drop number method.

9.To determine the viscosity of a given liquid.

10.To determine the specific refractivity of a given liquid.

Suggested Readings:

Text Book:

1. Practical Chemistry: Giri, Bajpai and Pandey,

Reprint 2009, S. Chand & Co. Ltd.


revised Ed. 2005, S. Chand & Co. Ltd.

Reference Books:




5. A.O. Thomas, Practical Chemistry, 8th

Ed. Geethanjali Offset Prints, Calicut.

6. Mendham, J., A. I. Vogel’s Quantitative Chemical Analysis 6th Ed., Pearson, 2009.

25

7. Christian, G.D. Analytical Chemistry, 6th Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2004.

EV20.102 Environmental Studies 4-0-0-4

Course

Outcome

To develop the conciseness among the students for Environmental

Conservation and Sustainability and to connect the students directly

with nature and nature conservation for becoming a responsible citizen

of India.

Multidisciplinary nature of environmental studies; components of

environment – atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere and biosphere.

Scope and importance; Concept of sustainability and sustainable

development.

9

Ecosystems: What is an ecosystem? Structure and function of

ecosystem; Energy flow in an ecosystem: food chain, food web and

ecological succession. Case studies of the following ecosystems: a)

Forest ecosystem b) Grassland ecosystem c) Desert ecosystem d)

Aquatic ecosystems (ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, estuaries).

10

Natural Resources: Renewable and Non-renewable Resources: Land

Resources and land use change; Land degradation, soil erosion and

desertification. Deforestation: Causes and impacts due to mining, dam

building on environment, forests, biodiversity and tribal populations.

Water: Use and over-exploitation of surface and ground water, floods,

droughts, conflicts over water (international & inter-state). Heating of

earth and circulation of air; air mass formation and precipitation.

Energy resources: Renewable and non-renewable energy sources, use

of alternate energy sources, growing energy needs, case studies.

08

Biodiversity and Conservation: Levels of biological diversity :genetic,

species and ecosystem diversity; Biogeography zones of India;

Biodiversity patterns and global biodiversity hot spots. India as a

mega-biodiversity nation; Endangered and endemic species of India

Threats to biodiversity: habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife

conflicts, biological invasions; Conservation of biodiversity: In-situ

and Ex-situ conservation of biodiversity. Ecosystem and biodiversity

services: Ecological, economic, social, ethical, aesthetic and

Informational value.

08

Environmental Pollution: Environmental pollution : types, causes,

effects and controls; Air, water, soil, chemical and noise pollution.

Nuclear hazards and human health risks. Solid waste management:

Control measures of urban and industrial waste. Pollution case studies.

8

Environmental Policies & Practices. Climate change, global warming, 7

26

ozone layer depletion, acid rain and impacts on human communities

and agriculture. Environment Laws : Environment Protection Act; Air

(Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act; Water (Prevention and

control of Pollution) Act; Wildlife Protection Act; Forest Conservation

Act; International agreements; Montreal and Kyoto protocols and

conservation on Biological Diversity (CBD). The Chemical Weapons

Convention (CWC). Nature reserves, tribal population and rights, and

human, wildlife conflicts in Indian context.

Human Communities and the Environment: Human Communities and

the Environment. Human population and growth: Impacts on

environment, human health and welfares. Carbon foot-print.

Resettlement and rehabilitation of project affected persons; case

studies. Disaster management: floods, earthquakes, cyclones and

landslides. Environmental movements: Chipko, Silent valley, Bishnios

of Rajasthan. Environmental ethics: Role of Indian and other religions

and cultures in environmental conservation. Environmental

communication and public awareness, case studies (e.g., CNG

vehicles in Delhi).

6

Field work: Visit to an area to document environmental assets;

river/forest/flora/fauna, etc. Visit to a local polluted site –

Urban/Rural/Industrial/Agricultural. Study of common plants, insects,

birds and basic principles of identification. Study of simple

ecosystems-pond, river, etc.

5

Course

Outcome

After completion of the course, students would be able to understand

the environment and ecological process to sustain the life on earth.

Students will also be able to apply the earned knowledge in

conservation of nature and prevention of environmental pollution.

Suggested Readings

Text Books:

1. Carson, R. 2002. Silent Spring. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.

2. Gadgil, M., & Guha, R.1993. This Fissured Land: An Ecological

History of India. Univ. of California Press.

3. Gleeson, B. and Low, N. (eds.) 1999. Global Ethics and

Environment, London, Routledge.

4. Gleick, P.H. 1993. Water in Crisis. Pacific Institute for Studies

in Dev., Environment & Security. Stockholm Env. Institute,

Oxford Univ. Press.

5. Groom, Martha J. Gary K. Meffe, and Carl Ronald carroll.

Principles of Conservation Biology. Sunderland: Sinauer

Associates, 2006.

6. Grumbine, R. Edward, and Pandit, M.K. 2013. Threats from

India’s Himalaya dams. Science, 339: 36-37.

7. McCully, P.1996. Rivers no more: the environmental effects of

dams (pp. 29-64). Zed Books.

8. McNeil, John R. 2000. Something New Under the Sun: An

27

Environmental History of the Twentieth Century.

Refence Books:

9. Sodhi, N.S., Gibson, L. & Raven, P.H. (eds). 2013.

Conservation Biology: Voices from the Tropics. John Wiley

& Sons.

10. Thapar, V. 1998. Land of the Tiger: A Natural History of the

Indian Subcontinent.

11. Warren, C.E. 1971. Biology and Water Pollution Control.

WB Saunders.

12. Wilson, E.O. 2006. The Creation: An appeal to save life on

earth. New York: Norton.

13. World Commission on environment and Development. 1987.

Our Common Future. Oxford University Press.

14. www.nacwc.nic.in 22.www.opcw.org

BS20.217 Animal Anatomy and Embryology 4-0-0-4

Objective To understand the fascinating world of vertebrates and their embryology.

Unit 1: Integumentary and Skeletal System

Derivatives of integument w.r.t. glands and digital tips

Evolution of visceral arches

7

Unit 2 Digestive, Respiratory and Circulatory System

Brief account of alimentary canal and digestive glands

Brief account of Gills, lungs, air sacs and swim bladder

Evolution of heart and aortic arches

13

Unit 3 Urinogenital, Nrevous System and Sense Organs

Succession of kidney, Evolution of urinogenital ducts

Comparative account of brain and Types of receptors

10

Unit 4: Early Embryonic Development

Gametogenesis: Spermatogenesis and oogenesis w.r.t. mammals,

vitellogenesis in birds; Fertilization: external (amphibians), internal

(mammals), blocks to polyspermy; Early development of frog and humans

(structure of mature egg and its membranes, patterns of cleavage, fate map,

up to formation of gastrula);types of morphogenetic movements; Fate of

germ layers; Neurulation in frog embryo.

12

Unit 5 Late Embryonic Development & Control of Development

Implantation of embryo in humans, Formation of human placenta and

functions, other types of placenta on the basis of histology; Metamorphic

events in frog life cycle and its hormonal regulation.

Fundamental processes in development (brief idea) – Gene activation,

determination, induction, Differentiation, morphogenesis, intercellular

communication, cell movements and cell death

18

28

Course

Outcome

After completion of the course, students would be able to apply the

knowledge of developmental behaviour of animal anatomy and vertebrate’s

embryology in research.

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. Walter, H.E. and Sayles, L.P; Biology of Vertebrates, Khosla Publishing

House.

2. Carlson, Bruce M (1996). Patten’s Foundations of Embryology, McGraw

Hill, Inc.

3. Kardong, K.V. (2005) Vertebrates’ Comparative Anatomy, Function

and Evolution. IV Edition. McGraw-Hill Higher Education.

4. Kent, G.C. and Carr R.K. (2000). Comparative Anatomy of the

Vertebrates. IX Edition. The McGraw-Hill Companies.

Reference Books:

1. Hilderbrand, M and Gaslow G.E. Analysis of Vertebrate Structure, John

Wiley and Sons.

2. Gilbert, S. F. (2006). Developmental Biology, VIII Edition, Sinauer

Associates, Inc., Publishers, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA.

3. Balinsky, B.I. (2008). An introduction to Embryology, International

Thomson Computer Press.

BS20.219 Animal Anatomy and Embryology Laboratory

0-0-4-2

Objective To become proficient in the experiments related to animal anatomy and

embryology.

1. Osteology:

a) Disarticulated skeleton of fowl and rabbit

b) Carapace and plastron of turtle /tortoise

c) Mammalian skulls: One herbivorous and one carnivorous animal.

2. Frog - Study of developmental stages - whole mounts and sections

through permanent slides – cleavage stages, blastula, gastrula, neurula,

tail bud stage, tadpole external and internal gill stages.

3. Study of the different types of placenta- histological sections through

permanent slides or photomicrographs.

4. Study of placental development in humans by ultrasound scans.

5. Examination of gametes - frog/rat - sperm and ova through

permanent slides or photomicrographs.

Course

Outcome


experimental knowledge of animal anatomy and embryology.

29

BS20.221 Plant Anatomy and Embryology 4-0-0-4

Objective Understand the basics of systematics by learning the diagnostic and general

characters of various groups.

Unit 1: Meristematic and permanent tissues

Root and shoot apical meristems; Simple and complex tissues.

7

Unit 2 Organs and Secondary Growth

Structure of dicot and monocot root stem and leaf.

Vascular cambium – structure and function, seasonal activity. Secondary

growth in root and stem, Wood (heartwood and sapwood).

10

Unit 3 Adaptive and protective systems

Epidermis, cuticle, stomata; General account of adaptations in xerophytes and

hydrophytes.

7

Unit 4: Structural organization of flower, Pollination and fertilization

Structure of anther and pollen; Structure and types of ovules; Types of

embryo sacs, organization and ultrastructure of mature embryo sac.

Pollination mechanisms and adaptations; Double fertilization; Seed-structure

appendages and dispersal mechanisms.

16

Unit 5 Embryo, Endosperm, Apomixis and polyembryony

Endosperm types, structure and functions; Dicot and monocot embryo;

Embryo- endosperm relationship.

Definition, types and practical applications.

12

Course

Outcome


knowledge of plant anatomy and embryology in different research domains.

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. Bhojwani, S.S. & Bhatnagar, S.P. (2011). Embryology of

Angiosperms. Vikas Publication House Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi. 5th

edition.

Reference Books:

2. Mauseth, J.D. (1988). Plant Anatomy. The Benjamin/Cummings

Publisher, USA.

30

BS20.223 Plant Anatomy and Embryology Laboratory 0-0-4-2

Objective To become proficient in the experiments related to plant anatomy and

embryology.

1. Study of meristems through permanent slides and photographs.

2. Tissues (parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma);

Macerated xylary elements, Phloem (Permanent slides,

photographs)

3. Stem: Monocot: Zea mays; Dicot: Helianthus; Secondary:

Helianthus (only Permanent slides).

4. Root: Monocot: Zea mays; Dicot: Helianthus; Secondary:

Helianthus (only Permanent slides).

5. Leaf: Dicot and Monocot leaf (only Permanent slides).

6. Adaptive anatomy: Xerophyte (Nerium leaf); Hydrophyte (Hydrilla

stem).

7. Structure of anther (young and mature), tapetum (amoeboid and

secretory) (Permanent slides).

8. Types of ovules: anatropous, orthotropous, circinotropous,

amphitropous/ campylotropous.

9. Female gametophyte: Polygonum (monosporic) type of Embryo

sac Development (Permanent slides/photographs).

10. Ultrastructure of mature egg apparatus cells through electron

micrographs.

11. Pollination types and seed dispersal mechanisms (including

appendages, aril, caruncle) (Photographs and specimens).

12. Dissection of embryo/endosperm from developing seeds.

13. Calculation of percentage of germinated pollen in a given medium.

Course

Outcome


knowledge of plant Anatomy and embryology in research fields.

31

CH 20.201 Organic Chemistry-II 3-0-0-3

Ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy: Introduction of absorption spectrum. Absorption laws (Beer Lambert

Law), Molar absorbance, presentation and analysis of UV spectra, types of electronic transitions, effect of

solvents on π-π* and n-π* transitions, effect of conjugation, Concept of chromophore and auxochrome.

Bathochromic, hypsochromic and hyperchromic and hypochromic shifts, UV spectra of conjugated dienes

and enones.

[6]

Infrared absorption spectroscopy: Molecular vibrations, Hook's law, selection rules, intensity and position of

IR bands, measurement of IR spectrum, fingerprint region, Fermi resonance, characteristics absorption of

various functional groups and interpretation of IR spectra of simple organic compounds.

[5]

Alkyl and Aryl Halides: Nomenclature and classes of alkyl halides, methods of formation, chemical

reactions. Mechanisms of nucleophilic substitution SN1 and SN

2.

[5]

Polyhalogen compounds: Synthesis and uses of chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, iodoform,

dichloromethane, freons, DDT and BHC. [5]

Alcohols: Classification and nomenclature. Monohydric alcohols-methods of formation by reduction of

aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and esters, Hydrogen bonding, Acidic nature, Reactions of alcohols.

Dihydric alcohols-methods of formation, chemical reactions of vicinal glycols, oxidative cleavage [Pb(OAc)4

and HIO4] and Pinacol-Pinacolone rearrangement. Trihydric alcohols-methods of formation, chemical reactions

of glycerol.

[5]

Phenols: Nomenclature, structure and bonding, Preparation of Phenols, Physical properties and acidic

character. Comparative acidic strength of alcohols and phenols, resonance stabilization of phenoxide ion.

Reactions of phenols, electrophilic aromatic substitution, acylation and carboxylation. Mechanisms of Fries

rearrangement, Claisen rearrangement, Gatterman synthesis, Hauben-Hoesch reaction, Lederer Manasse reaction

and Reimer Tiemann reaction.

[5]

Ethers and Epoxides: Nomenclature of ethers and methods of their formation, Physical properties, Chemical

reactions-cleavage and auto oxidation, Ziesel's method. Synthesis of epoxides. Acid and base catalyzed ring

opening of epoxides, orientation of epoxide ring opening, reactions of Grignard and organolithium reagents with

epoxides.

[4]

Synthetic Polymers: Addition or chain-growth polymerization. Free radical vinyl polymerization, ionic

vinyl polymerization, Ziegler-Natta polymerization and vinyl polymers. Condensation or step growth

polymerization. Polyesters, polyamides, phenol-formaldehyde resins, urea-formaldehyde resins, epoxy resins and

polyurethanes. Natural and synthetic rubbers.

[4]

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. P. L. Soni and H. M. Chawla, Text Book of Organic Chemistry, 28th Ed. 1999, S. Chand & Co Ltd.




Reference Books:



32

CH20.203 Physical Chemistry-II 2-0-0-2

Thermodynamics: Types of systems, intensive and extensive properties. State and path functions and their

differentials. Thermodynamics process, concept of heat and work. Definition of internal energy and enthalpy.

Heat capacity, heat capacities at constant volume and pressure and their relationship. Joule's law, Joule-

Thomson coefficient and inversion temperature, calculation of w, q, dU & dH for the expansion of ideal

gases under isothermal and adiabatic condition.

[7]

Thermochemistry: Hess's Law and its applications, Heat of reaction at constant pressure and volume.

Enthalpy of neutralization. Bond dissociation energy and its calculation, temperature dependence of

enthalpy, Kirchoff’s equation. Carnot cycle and its efficiency. Thermodynamic scale of temperature. Concept

of entropy: Entropy- as a state function, as a function of V & T, as a function of P & T, as a criteria of

spontaneity and equilibrium, entropy change in physical change, Clausius inequality, Entropy change in

ideal gases and mixing of gases. Nernst heat theorem, concept of residual entropy, evaluation of absolute

entropy from heat capacity data, Gibbs function (G) and Helmholtz function (A) as thermodynamic quantities, A

& G as Criteria for thermodynamic equilibrium and spontaneity, their advantage over entropy change,

Variation of G and A with P, V and T.

[8]

Chemical Kinetics: Scope, Rate of a reaction and factors influencing it. Concentration dependence of

rates, mathematical characteristics of simple chemical reactions- zero, first, second; pseudo order, half-

life and mean-life. Determination of the order of reaction- differential method, method of integration,

method of half-life period and isolation method. Radioactive decay as a first order phenomenon.

Experimental methods of chemical kinetics: conductometric, potentiometric, optical,

polarimetry and spectrophotometry. Theories of chemical kinetics. Arrhenius equation, concept of

activation energy. Simple collision theory based on hard sphere model, transition state theory. Expression

for the rate constant based on equilibrium constant and thermodynamic aspects.

[11]

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. P. D. Sharma and A.P. Bhargava, Physical Chemistry B. Sc. Part II, 2011, RBD.

2. K.R. Genwa, Physical Chemistry B.Sc. Part II, 2004, RBD.

Reference Books:

1. P. W. Atkins, The elements of Physical Chemistry, 3rd

Ed. 1993, Oxford.


3. Practical Chemistry: Giri, Bajpai and Pandey, Reprint 2009, S. Chand & Co. Ltd

33

CH 20.211 Organic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory-I 0-0-2-1

1. Systematic identification-II: To identify the given organic compound through element detection, functional

group analysis and confirmative test and preparation of at least one pure solid derivative. Any six organic

compounds may be identified, like Naphthalene, m-dinitrobenzene, resorcinol, α-naphthol, β-naphthol,

benzophenone, benzaldehyde, benzoic acid, salicyclic acid, cinnamic acid, benzamide, urea, acetanilide,

benzanilide, aniline, glucose.

2. To determine the CST of phenol – water system.

3. To determine the solubility of benzoic acid at various temperatures and to determine the pH of the

dissolution process.

4. To determine the enthalpy of neutralization of a weak acid/weak base vs. strong base/strong acid and

determine the enthalpy of ionization of the weak acid/weak base.

5. To determine the enthalpy of solution of solid calcium chloride.

6. To study the distribution of iodine between water and CCl4.

Suggested Readings:

Text Book:


2. R.L. Madan, G.D. Tuli, Physical Chemistry, 2nd revised Ed. 2005, S. Chand & Co. Ltd.

Reference Books:




3. A.O. Thomas, Practical Chemistry, 8th Ed. Geethanjali Offset Prints, Calicut.


BS20.229 Ethanobotany 2-0-0-2

Objective To learn about ethnic groups or tribals in India & related studies

Unit 1: Ethanobotany and its methodological studies

Introduction, concept, scope and objectives; Ethnobotany as an

interdisciplinary science. The relevance of ethnobotany in the

present context; Major and minor ethnic groups or Tribals of

India, and their life styles. Plants used by the tribals: a) Food plants

b) intoxicants and beverages c) Resins and oils and miscellaneous

uses.

6

Unit 2 Methodology of Ethnobotanical studies

Field work b) Herbarium c) Ancient Literature d) Archaeological

findings e) temples and sacred places.

4

Unit 3 Role of ethnobotany in modern Medicine

Medico-ethnobotanical sources in India; Significance of the

following plants in ethno botanical practices (along with their habitat

and morphology) a) Azadiractha indica b) Ocimum sanctum c) Vitex

negundo. d) Gloriosa superba e) Tribulus terrestris f) Pongamia

pinnata g) Cassia auriculata h) Indigofera tinctoria. Role of

8

34

ethnobotany in modern medicine with special example Rauvolfia

sepentina, Trichopus zeylanicus, Artemisia,Withania.

Unit 4: Role of ethnic groups in conservation of plant genetic resources.

Endangered taxa and forest management (participatory forest

management).

3

Unit 5 Ethnobotany and legal aspects

Ethnobotany as a tool to protect interests of ethnic groups. Sharing of

wealth concept with few examples from India. Biopiracy, Intellectual

Property Rights and Traditional Knowledge.

5

Course

Outcome

After completing the course, students will learn about role of

ethnobotany in modern Medicine, role of ethnic groups in

conservation of plant genetic resources & about related legal aspects.

Text Books:

1. S.K. Jain, Manual of Ethnobotany, Scientific

Publishers, Jodhpur, 1995.

2. S.K. Jain, 1990. Contributions of Indian ethnobotny.

Scientific publishers, Jodhpur.

3. S.K. Jain (ed.) 1989. Methods and approaches in

ethnobotany. Society of ethnobotanists, Lucknow,

India.

Reference Books:

1. S.K. Jain (ed.) Glimpses of Indian. Ethnobotny, Oxford

and I B H, New Delhi – 1981

2. Lone et al,. Palaeoethnobotany

3. Colton C.M. 1997. Ethnobotany – Principles and

applications. John Wiley and sons – Chichester

4. Rama Ro, N and A.N. Henry (1996). The Ethnobotany of Eastern Ghats in Andhra Pradesh, India. Botanical Survey of India. Howrah. 8) Rajiv K. Sinha – Ethnobotany The Renaissance of Traditional Herbal Medicine – INA –SHREE Publishers, Jaipur-1996 9)

35

Second Year (Spring Semester)

BS20.212 Plant Physiology and Metabolism 4-0-0-4

Objective To acquire the knowledge of the cellular behaviour of plant and its

metabolism.

Unit 1 Plant-water relations

Importance of water, water potential and its components; Transpiration and

its significance; Factors affecting transpiration; Root pressure and guttation.

6

Unit 2 Mineral nutrition & Translocation in phloem

Essential elements, macro and micronutrients; Criteria of essentiality of

elements; Role of essential elements; Transport of ions across cell membrane,

active and passive transport, carriers, channels and pumps.

Composition of phloem sap, girdling experiment; Pressure flow model;

Phloem loading and unloading.

12

Unit 3 Photosynthesis and Plant response to light and temperature

Photosynthetic Pigments (Chl a, b, xanthophylls, carotene); Photosystem I

and II, reaction center, antenna molecules; Electron transport and mechanism

of ATP synthesis; C3, C4 and CAM pathways of carbon fixation;

Photorespiration.

Photoperiodism (SDP, LDP, Day neutral plants); Phytochrome (discovery and

structure), red and far red light responses on photomorphogenesis;

Vernalization.

18

Unit 4 Respiration and Enzymes

Glycolysis, anaerobic respiration, TCA cycle; Oxidative phosphorylation,

Glyoxylate, Oxidative Pentose Phosphate Pathway.

Structure and properties; Mechanism of enzyme catalysis and enzyme

inhibition.

8

Unit 5 Nitrogen Metabolism and Plant growth regulators

Biological nitrogen fixation; Nitrate and ammonia assimilation.

Discovery and physiological roles of auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, ABA,

ethylene.

8

Course

Outcome

Students would be able to apply their insight of various metabolic processes

in designing their experiments.

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. Bajracharya, D., (1999). Experiments in Plant Physiology- A

Laboratory Manual. Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi.

Reference Books:

1. Taiz, L., Zeiger, E., (2010). Plant Physiology. Sinauer Associates

Inc., U.S.A. 5th

Edition.

2. Hopkins, W.G., Huner, N.P., (2009). Introduction to Plant

Physiology. John Wiley & Sons, U.S.A. 4th

Edition.

36

BS20.208 Plant Physiology Laboratory 0-0-4-2

Objective To get acquainted with the experiments on cellular behaviour of plant and its

metabolism.

1. Determination of osmotic potential of plant cell sap by plasmolytic

method.

2. To study the effect of two environmental factors

(light and wind) on transpiration by excised twig.

3. Calculation of stomatal index and stomatal frequency of a mesophyte

and a xerophyte.

4. Demonstration of Hill reaction.

5. Demonstrate the activity of catalase and

study the effect of pH and enzyme

concentration.

6. To study the effect of light intensity and

bicarbonate concentration on O2 evolution in

photosynthesis.

7. Comparison of the rate of respiration in any two parts of a plant.

8. Separation of amino acids by paper chromatography.

Demonstration experiments (any four) 1. Bolting.

2. Effect of auxins on rooting.

3. Suction due to transpiration.

4. R.Q.

5. Respiration in roots.

Course

Outcome

Students would be able to apply hands on expertise on physiological

detections in plants.

37

BS20.214 Animal Physiology and Biochemistry 4-0-0-4

Objective To acquire the knowledge of the animal cell behaviour.

Unit 1: Nerve and muscle

Structure of a neuron, Resting membrane potential, Graded potential, Origin

of Action potential and its propagation in myelinated and non-myelinated

nerve fibres, Ultra-structure of skeletal muscle, Molecular and chemical basis

of muscle contraction

7

Unit 2 Digestion Respiration & Excretion

Physiology of digestion in the alimentary canal; Absorption of carbohydrates,

proteins, lipids

Pulmonary ventilation, Respiratory volumes and capacities, Transport of

Oxygen and carbon dioxide in blood

Structure of nephron, Mechanism of Urine formation, Counter-current

Mechanism

16

Unit 3 Cardiovascular system Reproduction and Endocrine Glands

Composition of blood, Hemostasis, Structure of Heart, Origin and conduction

of the cardiac impulse, Cardiac cycle

Physiology of male reproduction: hormonal control of spermatogenesis;

Physiology of female reproduction: hormonal control of menstrual cycle

Structure and function of pituitary, thyroid, Parathyroid, pancreas and adrenal

14

Unit 4: Carbohydrate, Lipid & Protein Metabolism

Glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle, Pentose phosphate pathway, Gluconeogenesis,

Glycogen metabolism, Review of electron transport chain

8

Unit 5 Enzymes

Introduction, Mechanism of action, Enzyme Kinetics, Inhibition and

Regulation

7

Course

Outcome


knowledge of biochemical and physiological aspects of animals in practical

field.

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. Murray, R.K., Granner, D.K., Mayes, P.A. and Rodwell, V.W.

(2009). Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry. XXVIII Edition. Lange

Medical Books/Mc Graw3Hill.

2. Guyton, A.C. and Hall, J.E. (2011). Textbook of Medical

Physiology, XII Edition, Harcourt Asia Pvt. Ltd/ W.B. Saunders

Company

Reference Books:

1. Tortora, G.J. and Derrickson, B.H. (2009). Principles of Anatomy

and Physiology, XII Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

2. Widmaier, E.P., Raff, H. and Strang, K.T. (2008) Vander’s

Human Physiology, XI Edition., McGraw Hill

3. Berg, J. M., Tymoczko, J. L. and Stryer, L. (2006). Biochemistry.

VI Edition. W.H Freeman and Co.

38

4. Nelson, D. L., Cox, M. M. and Lehninger, A.L. (2009). Principles

of Biochemistry. IV Edition. W.H. Freeman and Co.

BS20.216 Animal Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory 0-0-4-2

Objective To gain the acquaintance of latest laboratory technology towards cell animal

physiology and biochemistry.

1. Preparation of hemin and hemochromogen crystals

2. Study of permanent histological sections of mammalian pituitary,

thyroid, pancreas, adrenal gland

3. Study of permanent slides of spinal cord, duodenum, liver, lung,

kidney, bone, cartilage

4. Qualitative tests to identify functional groups of carbohydrates in given

solutions (Glucose, Fructose, Sucrose, Lactose)

2. Estimation of total protein in given solutions by Lowry’s method.

3. Study of activity of salivary amylase under optimum conditions.

Course

Outcome


knowledge of conduction of successful laboratory experiments.

39

BS20.220 Aquatic Biology 2-0-0-2

Objective To learn about aquatic biomes, freshwater ecosystem, estuaries,

intertidal zones, oceanic pelagic zone, marine benthic zone and coral

reefs etc.

Unit 1: Aquatic Biomes

Brief introduction of the aquatic biomes: Freshwater ecosystem

(lakes, wetlands, streams and rivers), estuaries, intertidal zones,

oceanic pelagic zone, marine benthic zone and coral reefs.

5

Unit 2 Freshwater Biology

Lakes: Origin and classification, Lake as an Ecosystem, Lake

morphometry, Physico–chemical Characteristics: Light,

Temperature, Thermal stratification, Dissolved Solids, Carbonate,

Bicarbonates, Phosphates and Nitrates, Turbidity; dissolved gases

(Oxygen, Carbon dioxide). Nutrient Cycles in Lakes-Nitrogen,

Sulphur and Phosphorous.

6

Unit 3 Freshwater Biology

Streams: Different stages of stream development,

Physico-chemical environment, Adaptation of hill-stream fishes.

8

Unit 4: Marine Biology

Salinity and density of Sea water, Continental shelf, Adaptations

of deep sea organisms, Coral reefs, Sea weeds.

3

Unit 5 Management of Aquatic Resources

Causes of pollution: Agricultural, Industrial, Sewage, Thermal and Oil

spills, Eutrophication, Management and conservation (legislations),

Sewage treatment Water quality assessment- BOD and COD.

4

Course

outcome

Students will be able to learn about Management of Aquatic

Resources, Marine Biology and Freshwater Biology

Suggested Readings

Text Books:

1. Anathakrishnan : Bioresources Ecology 3rd Edition

2. Trivedi and Goyal : Chemical and biological methods for

water pollution studies

3. Pawlowski : Physicochemical Methods for Water and

Wastewater Treatment, 1st Edition

Reference Books:

1. Goldman : Limnology, 2nd Edition

2. Odum and Barrett : Fundamentals of Ecology, 5th Edition

3. Wetzel : Limnology, 3rd edition

4. Welch : Limnology Vols. I-II

40

CH20.202 Inorganic Chemistry-III 2-0-0-2

Acids and Bases: Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry, the Lux-Flood, solvent system and Lewis concepts of acids

and bases. [4]

Hard and Soft Acids and Bases (HSAB): Classification of acids and bases as hard and soft. Pearson's

HSAB concept, acid-base strength and hardness and softness. Symbiosis, theoretical basis of hardness and

softness, electronegativity and hardness and softness.

[8]

Oxidation and Reduction: Oxidation and reduction potential, applications of electrochemical series.

Use of redox potential data-analysis of redox cycle, redox stability in water-Frost, latimer and Pourbaix

diagrams, Principles involved in the extraction of the elements.

[9]

Non-aqueous Solvents: Physical properties of a solvent, types of solvents and their general

characteristics, reactions in non-aqueous solvents with reference to liquid NH3 and liquid SO2.

[5]

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. P. L. Soni, Text Book of Inorganic Chemistry, 2005, S. Chand & Co. Ltd.

2. Shivahare and Lavania, Inorganic Chemistry B.Sc. Part III, 2004, RBD.

Reference Books: 1. F. A. Cotton. G. Wilkinson and P. L. Gaus, Basic Inorganic Chemistry, 4

th Ed. 2005, Wiley

Interscience.

2. Wahid U. Malik, G.D. Tuli, R.D. Madan, Selected Topics in Inorganic Chemistry, 17th Ed. 2006,

S. Chand & Co. Ltd.

3. R.L. Madan,G.D. Tuli, Inorganic Chemistry, reprint 2003, S. Chand & Co. Ltd.

4. Practical Chemistry: Giri, Bajpai and Pandey, reprint 2009, S. Chand & Co. Ltd.

CH 20.204 Organic Chemistry-III 3-0-0-3

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy: Proton magnetic resonance (1H-NMR)

spectroscopy, nuclear shielding and deshielding, chemical shift and molecular structure, spin-spin splitting

and coupling constants, areas of signals, interpretation of PMR spectra of simple organic molecules such

as ethyl bromide, ethanol, acetaldehyde, 1,1, 2-tribromoethane, ethyl acetate, toluene and acetophenone.

Problems pertaining to the structure elucidation of simple organic compounds using UV, IR and PMR

spectroscopic techniques.

[9]

Aldehydes and Ketones: Structure of the carbonyl group. Synthesis of aldehydes and ketones from acid

chlorides, 1,3-dithianes, nitrites and from carboxylic acids. Physical properties. Mechanism of

nucleophilic additions to carbonyl group with particular emphasis on Benzoin, Aldol, Perkin and

Knoevenagel condensations, condensation with ammonia and its derivatives. Wittig reaction, Mannich

reaction. Use of acetals as protecting group. Oxidation of aldehydes, Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of

ketones, Cannizzaro reaction, MPV, Clemmensen, Wolff-Kishner, LiAlH4 and NaBH4 reductions,

Halogenation of enolizable ketones.

[10]

Carboxylic Acids: Structure and bonding, physical properties, acidity of carboxylic acids, effects of

substituents on acid strength. Preparation of carboxylic acids, Reactions of Carboxylic acids- Hell-

Volhard-Zelinsky reaction. Synthesis of acid chlorides, esters and amides, Reduction of

carboxylic acids. Mechanism of decarboxylation. Methods of preparation and chemical reactions

of halo acids. Hydroxy acids; malic, tartaric and citric acids. Methods of preparation and chemical

reactions of three unsaturated monocarboxylic acids. Dicarboxylic acids: methods of preparation and

effect of heat and dehydrating agents (succinic, glutaric and adipic acids).

[10]

Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Structure and nomenclature of acid chlorides, esters, amides (urea) and

acid anhydrides. Relative stability of acyl derivatives. Physical properties, interconversion of acid

derivatives by nucleophilic acyl substitution. Preparation and chemical reactions of carboxylic acid

derivatives. Mechanisms of esterification and hydrolysis (acidic and basic).

[6]

41

Organic Synthesis via Enolates: Acidity of α-hydrogens, alkylation of diethyl malonate and

ethyl acetoacetate. Synthesis of ethyl acetoacetate; the Claisen condensation. Keto-enol tautomerism

of ethyl acetoacetate. Alkylation of 1, 3-dithianes. Alkylation and acylation of enamines.

[4]

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. P. L. Soni and H. M. Chawla, Text Book of Organic Chemistry, 28th Ed. 1999, S. Chand & Co Ltd.




Reference Books:



CH20.212 Inorganic and Organic Chemistry Laboratory-II 0-0-2-1

1. Estimation of Ni(II) using dimethylglyoxime (DMG).

2. Estimation of copper as CuSCN.

3. Estimation of iron as Fe2O3 by precipitating iron as Fe(OH)3.

4. Quantitative estimation of copper-Zinc of the following mixture by volumetric and gravimetric methods

5. Quantitative estimation of Zinc-nickel of the following mixture by volumetric and gravimetric methods

6. Steam distillation (non evaluative) Naphthalene from its suspension in water Separation of o-and p-

nitrophenols

7. Column chromatography (non evaluative) Separation of fluorescein and methylene blue. Separation of

leaf pigments from spinach leaves.

8. Determination of Rf values and identification of organic compounds.

9. Separation of green leaf pigments (spinach leaves may be used) by paper chromatographic method (b)

Separation of a mixture of coloured organic compounds using common organic solvents by TLC.

Suggested Readings:

Text Book:



Reference Books:






42

BS20.319 Cell and Molecular Biology 4-0-0-4

Objective To get hold of basic familiarity of cell and molecular biology for application

in biotechnology.

Unit 1 Techniques in Biology

Principles of microscopy; Light Microscopy; Phase contrast microscopy;

Fluorescence microscopy; Confocal microscopy; Sample Preparation for

light microscopy; Electron microscopy (EM)- Scanning EM and Scanning

Transmission EM (STEM); Sample Preparation for electron microscopy;

X-ray diffraction analysis.

6

Unit 2 Cell as a unit of Life: Cell Membrane and Cell Wall

The Cell Theory; Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; Cell size and shape;

Eukaryotic Cell components.

The functions of membranes; Models of membrane structure; The fluidity of

membranes; Membrane proteins and their functions; Carbohydrates in the

membrane; Faces of the membranes; Selective permeability of the membranes;

Cell wall.

6

Unit 3 Cell Organelles

Mitochondria: Structure, marker enzymes, composition; Semiautonomous

nature; Symbiont hypothesis; Proteins synthesized within mitochondria;

mitochondrial DNA.

Chloroplast Structure, marker enzymes, composition; semiautonomous

nature, chloroplast DNA.

ER, Golgi body & Lysosomes: Structures and roles.

Peroxisomes and Glyoxisomes: Structures, composition, functions in animals

and plants and biogenesis.

Nucleus: Nuclear Envelope- structure of nuclear pore complex; chromatin;

molecular organization, DNA packaging in eukaryotes, euchromatin and

heterochromatin, nucleolus and ribosome structure (brief).

18

Unit 4 Cell Cycle and Genetic material

Overview of Cell cycle, Mitosis and Meiosis; Molecular controls.

DNA: Miescher to Watson and Crick- historic perspective, Griffith’s and

Avery’s transformation experiments, Hershey-Chase bacteriophage

experiment, DNA structure, types of DNA, types of genetic material.

DNA replication (Prokaryotes and eukaryotes): bidirectional replication,

semi–conservative, semi discontinuous RNA priming, (theta) mode of

replication, replication of linear, ds-DNA, replicating the end of linear

chromosome including replication enzymes.

12

Unit 5 Transcription and Regulation of gene expression

Types of structures of RNA (mRNA, tRNA, rRNA), RNA polymerase-

various types; Translation (Prokaryotes and eukaryotes), genetic code.

Prokaryotes:Lac operon and Tryptophan operon ; and in Eukaryotes.

10

Course

Outcome


knowledge of molecular biology in sciences and applied sciences.

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. Karp, G. 2010. Cell and Molecular Biology: Concepts and

43

Experiments. 6th Edition. John Wiley & Sons. Inc.

2. De Robertis, E.D.P. and De Robertis, E.M.F. 2006. Cell and

Molecular Biology. 8th edition. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins,

Philadelphia.

Reference Books:

1. Cooper, G.M. and Hausman, R.E. 2009. The Cell: A Molecular

Approach. 5th edition. ASM Press & Sunderland, Washington, D.C.;

Sinauer Associates, MA.

2. Becker, W.M., Kleinsmith, L.J., Hardin. J. and Bertoni, G. P. 2009.

The World of the Cell. 7th edition. Pearson Benjamin Cummings

Publishing, San Francisco.

44

BS20.321 Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory 0-0-4-2

Objective To get acquainted for application of experiments of cellular molecular

biology in biotechnology and other applied research fields.

1. To study prokaryotic cells (bacteria), viruses, eukaryotic cells with the

help of light and electron micrographs.

2. Study of the photomicrographs of cell organelles

3. To study the structure of plant cell through temporary mounts.

4. To study the structure of animal cells by temporary mounts-squamous

epithelial cell and nerve cell.

5. Preparation of temporary mounts of striated muscle fiber

6. To prepare temporary stained preparation of mitochondria from striated

muscle cells /cheek epithelial cells using vital stain Janus green.

7. Study of mitosis and meiosis (temporary mounts and permanent slides).

8. Study the effect of temperature, organic solvent on semi permeable

membrane.

9. Demonstration of dialysis of starch and simple sugar.

10. Study of plasmolysis and deplasmolysis on Rhoeo leaf.

11. Measure the cell size (either length or breadth/diameter) by micrometry.

12. Study the structure of nuclear pore complex by photograph (from Gerald

Karp)Study of special chromosomes (polytene & lampbrush) either by

slides or photographs.

13. Study DNA packaging by micrographs.

14. Preparation of the karyotype and ideogram from given photograph of

somatic metaphase chromosome.

Course

Outcome


knowledge in conduction of successful laboratory experiments.

45

BS20.205 Immunology 4-0-0-4

Course Objective: To become proficient in the knowledge of basic immunological cells and molecules required

in different fields of science.

Immune Response: An overview, components of mammalian immune system,

molecular structure of Immuno-globulins or Antibodies, Humoral & Cellular

immune responses.

[10]

Immune Cells: T-lymphocytes & immune response (cytotoxic T-cell, helper T-

cell, suppressor T-cells), T-cell receptors, genome rearrangements during B-

lymphocyte differentiation, Antibody affinity maturation class switching,

assembly of T-cell receptor genes by somatic recombination

[10]

Regulation of Immuno globulin gene expression–clonal selection theory,

allotypes & idiotypes, allelic exclusion, immunologic memory, heavy chain gene

transcription, genetic basis of antibody diversity, hypotheses (germline &

somatic mutation), antibody diversity

[12]

Major Histocompatibility complexes– class I & class II MHC antigens, antigen

processing. Immunity to infection– immunity to different organisms, pathogen

defense strategies, avoidance of recognition. Auto immune diseases,

Immunodeficiency- AIDS.

[10]

Vaccines & Vaccination– adjuvants, cytokines, DNA vaccines, recombinant

vaccines, bacterial vaccines, viral vaccines, vaccines to their infectious agents,

passive & active immunization. Introduction to immunodiagnostics– RIA,

ELISA.

[10]

Course Outcome: After completion of the course, students would be able to apply the knowledge of

immunology in sciences and medical sciences

Text Books:

1. Abbas A K, Lichtman A H, Pillai S. (2007). Cellular and Molecular Immunology. 6th

edition Saunders

Publication, Philadelphia.

2. Delves P, Martin S, Burton D, Roitt I M. (2006). Roitt’s Essential Immunology. 11th

edition Wiley-

Blackwell Scientific Publication, Oxford.

Reference Books:

1. Goldsby R A, Kindt T J, Osborne B A. (2007). Kuby’s Immunology. 6th

edition W.H. Freeman and

Company, NewYork.

2. Murphy K, Travers P, Walport M. (2008). Janeway’s Immunobiology.7th edition Garland Science

Publishers, New York.

3. Peakman M, and Vergani D. (2009). Basic and Clinical Immunology. 2nd edition Churchill Living stone

Publishers, Edinberg.

4. Richard C and Geiffrey S. (2009). Immunology. 6th edition. Wiley Blackwell Publication.

BS20.207 Immunology Laboratory 0-0-4-2

Course Objective: To become familiar with the different experiments of immunology.

Practicals

46

1. To determine differential leucocytes count

2. To determine total leucocytes count

3. To determine total RBC count

4. To perform Haemagglutination assay

5. To perform Haemagglutination inhibition assay

6. To perform separate serum from blood

7. To perform Double immuno diffusion test using specific antibody and

antigen.

8. To perform ELISA.

Course Outcome: After completion of the course, students would be able to apply the laboratory skills of

immunology laboratory in sciences and applied sciences

47

CH20.301 Inorganic Chemistry-IV 3-0-0-3

Thermodynamic and Kinetic Aspects of Metal Complexes: A brief outline of thermodynamic

stability of metal complexes and factors affecting the stability, determination of composition of

complex by Job's method and mole ratio method substitution reactions of square planar complexes.

[7]

Metal-ligand Bonding in Transition Metal complexes: Limitations of valence bond theory, an

elementary idea of crystal-field theory, crystal-field splitting in octahedral, tetrahedral and square

planar complexes, factors affecting the crystal-field parameters. Magnetic Properties of Transition

Metal Complexes, Types of magnetic behavior, methods of determining magnetic susceptibility, spin-only

formula, L-S coupling, correlation of µs and µeff values, orbital contribution to magnetic moments,

application of magnetic moment data for 3d metal complexes.

[10]

Electron Spectra of Transition Metal Complexes: Types of electronic transitions, selection rules

for d-d transitions, spectroscopic ground states, spectrochemical series. Orgel-energy level diagram for d1

and d9 states, discussion of the electronic spectrum of [Ti (H2O)6]

3+ complex ion.

[8]

Volumetric Estimation: Theory of oxidation-reduction titrations and complexometric titrations. [3]

Organometallic Chemistry: Definition, nomenclature and classification of organometallic compounds,

applications of alkyls and aryls of Li, Al, Hg, Sn and Ti and the nature of bonding in metal carbonyls. [4]

Bioinorganic Chemistry: Essential and trace elements to Biological processes, metalloporphyrins.

Biological role of alkali and alkaline eath metal ions.Nitrogen fixation. [4]

Silicones and Phosphazenes: Silicones and phosphazenes as examples of inorganic polymers. [3]

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. P. L. Soni, Text Book of Inorganic Chemistry, 2008, S. Chand & Co. Ltd.

2. Shivahare and Lavania, Inorganic Chemistry B.Sc. Part III, 2009, RBD.

Reference Books:

1. F.A. Cotton. G. Wilkinson and P. L. Gaus, Basic Inorganic Chemistry 3rd

Ed. 1995, Wiley

Interscience.

2. Wahid U. Malik, G.D. Tuli, R.D. Madan, Selected Topics in Inorganic Chemistry, 17th Ed. 2006, S.

Chand & Co. Ltd.

3. R.L. Madan,G.D. Tuli, Inorganic Chemistry, reprint 2009, S. Chand & Co. Ltd.

4. Giri, Bajpai and Pandey, Practical Chemistry, reprint 2009, S. Chand & Co. Ltd.

48

CH 20.311 Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory-II 0-0-2-1

1. Preparation of sodiumtrioxalatoferrate(III) Na3[Fe(C2O4)3].

2. Preparation of Ni-DMG complex[Ni(DMG)2].

3. Preparation of coppertetraamminecomplex [Cu(NH3)3]SO4.

4. Preparation of cis- and trans-bisoxalatodiaquachromate(III)ion.

5. Preparation of Pyridine complex of copper.

6. To determine the CST of phenol – water system.

7. To determine the solubility of benzoic acid at various temperatures and to determine the pH of the

dissolution process

8. To determine the enthalpy of neutralisation of a weak acid/weak base vs. strong base/strong acid and

determine the enthalpy of ionisation of the weak acid/weak base

9. To determine the enthalpy of solution of solid calcium chloride

10. To study the distribution of iodine between water and CCl4.

CH20.303 Physical Chemistry-III 2-0-0-2

Phase Equilibrium: Degree of freedom, derivation of Gibbs phase rule, phase equilibria of one

component system-water, CO2 and S systems, Phase equilibria of two component system-solid-liquid

equilibria, simple eutectic Bi-Cd, Pb-Ag systems, desilverisation of lead. Solid solutions-compound

formation with congruent melting point (Mg-Zn) and incongruent melting point (NaCl-H2O), (FeCl3-

H2O) and (CuSO4-H2O) system, Freezing mixtures, acetone-dry ice. Liquid-liquid mixtures-ideal

liquid mixtures, Raoult's and Henry's law, Non-ideal system-azeotropes-HCl-H2O and ethanol-water

systems. Partially miscible liquids-Phenol-water, trimethylamine-water nicotine- water systems. Lower

and upper consolute temperature, Effect of impurity on consolute temperature. Immiscible liquids,

steam distillation. Nernst distribution law-thermodynamic derivation, applications.

[10]

Chemical and ionic Equilibrium: Equilibrium constant and free energy. Thermodynamic

derivation of law of mass action. Le Chatelier's principle. Reaction isotherm and reaction

isochore-Clapeyron equation, Clausius-Clapeyron equation and their applications.

Strong, moderate and weak electrolytes, degree of ionization, pH scale, common ion effect, Buffer

solutions and applications of solubility product principle.

[6]

Elementary Quantum Mechanics: Black-body radiation, Planck's radiation law, photoelectric effect, heat

capacity of solids, Compton effect. De Broglie hypothesis, Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, Schrodinger

wave equation and its importance, physical interpretation of the wave function, postulates of quantum

mechanics, basic ideas-criteria for forming M.O. from A.O., construction of M.O.'s by LCAO-H2+ ion,

calculation of energy levels from wave functions, Hybrid orbitals-sp, sp2, sp

3, calculation of coefficients of

A.O.'s used in these hybrid orbitals.

[5]

Physical Properties and Molecular Structure: Optical activity, polarization-(Clausius-Mossotti

equation), orientation of dipoles in an electric field, dipole moment, induced dipole moment, measurement

of dipole moment- temperature method and refractivity method, dipole moment and structure of molecules,

magnetic properties-paramagnetism, diamagnetism and ferromagnetism.

[5]

Text Books:

1. P. D. Sharma and A.P. Bhargava, Physical Chemistry B.Sc. Part III, 2009, RBD.

2. K. R. Genwa, Physical Chemistry B.Sc. Part III, 2008, RBD.

3. P.W. Atkins, The elements of Physical Chemistry, 5th Ed. 2004, Oxford.



revised Ed. 2005, S. Chand & Co

6. Giri, Bajpai and Pandey, Practical Chemistry, reprint 2009, S. Chand & Co. Ltd.

49

Suggested Readings:

Text Book:



Reference Books:

3. Experimental Inorganic/Physical Chemistry, 1st Edition, An Investigative, Integrated Approach to Practical

Project Work, M A Malati, Woodhead Publishing, 1999.




50

BS20.323 Apiculture 2-0-0-2

Objective To learn about honey production at commercial scale

Unit 1: Introduction to Apiculture and study of habit, habitat and nesting

behaviour of Apis dorsata, Apis indica, Apis floera, Apis

mellifera.

Life cycle, Colony organization and division of labour.

6

Unit 2 Bee behaviour and communication.

Bee keeping equipments: a) Bee box (Langstroth type) b) Honey

extractor c) Smoker

d) Bee-veil e) Gloves f) Hive tool g) Brush h) queen excluder.

Bee keeping and seasonal management.

10

Unit 3 Bee products (collection methods, composition and uses): a)

Honey b) Wax c) Venom

d) Propolis e) Royal jelly f) Pollen.

Diseases and enemies of Bees: a) Bee diseases- Protozoan,

Bacterial,viral, Fungal.

b) Bee pests- Wax moth (Greater and Lesser), wax beetle.

Bee predators- Bee eater, King crow, Wasp, Lizard, Bear, Man.

Bee pollination and management of bee colonies for pollination

10

Course

Outcome

Students will be able to learn about Honeybee behavior,

communication, products.

Suggested Readings

Text Books:

1. A Text Book of Entomology, 1974. V. K. Mathur and K.

d. Upadhayay. Goel Printing press, Barani.

2. Destructive and useful Insects, their habit and Control,

1973. C. L. Metcalf and W. p. flint, Tata McGraw Hill

Publications, New Delhi.

3. Biology of Insects, 1992. S. C. Saxena. Oxford and IBH

Publishing Co., New Delhi. Bombay. Calcutta.

Reference Books:

1. Bee and Bee Keeping, 1978, Roger A. Morse, Conell

University Press, London.

2. The Behaviour and social Life of Honey Bees, C. R.

Ribbandas. Dover Publication inc. New York.

51

BS20.320 Economic Botany and Biotechnology 4-0-0-4

Objective To provide thorough knowledge of biotechnological techniques and economic

botany.

Unit 1: Origin of Cultivated Plants, Cereals & Legumes

Concept of centres of origin, their importance with reference to Vavilov’s

work

Wheat -Origin, morphology, uses.

General account with special reference to Gram and soybean.

14

Unit 2 Spices & Beverages

General account with special reference to clove and black pepper (Botanical

name, family, part used, morphology and uses)

Tea (morphology, processing, uses)

8

Unit 3 Oils and Fats, Fibre Yielding Plants

General description with special reference to groundnut

General description with special reference to Cotton (Botanical name, family,

part used, morphology and uses)

7

Unit 4: Introduction to biotechnology : Plant tissue culture

Micropropagation ; haploid production through androgenesis and

gynogenesis; brief account of embryo & endosperm culture with their

applications

8

Unit 5 Recombinant DNA Techniques

Blotting techniques: Northern, Southern and Western Blotting, DNA

Fingerprinting; Molecular DNA markers i.e. RAPD, RFLP, SNPs; DNA

sequencing, PCR and Reverse Transcriptase- PCR. Hybridoma and

monoclonal antibodies, ELISA and Immunodetection. Molecular diagnosis of

human disease, Human gene Therapy.

15

Course

Outcome

The students will able to apply the acquired knowledge in practical ventures.

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. Bhojwani, S.S. and Razdan, M.K., (1996). Plant Tissue Culture:

Theory and Practice. Elsevier Science Amsterdam. The Netherlands.

2. Kochhar, S.L. (2011). Economic Botany in the Tropics,

MacMillan Publishers India Ltd., New Delhi. 4th

edition.

Reference Books:

1. Glick, B.R., Pasternak, J.J. (2003). Molecular Biotechnology-

Principles and Applications of recombinant DNA. ASM Press,

Washington.

52

BS20.322 Economic Botany and Biotechnology Laboratory 0-0-4-2

Objective To become familiar with the practical experiments in biotechnology and

economic use of botanical knowledge.

1. Study of economically important plants : Wheat, Gram, Soybean,

Black pepper, Clove Tea, Cotton, Groundnut through specimens,

sections and microchemical tests

2. Familiarization with basic equipments in tissue culture.

3. Study through photographs: Anther culture, somatic embryogenesis,

endosperm and embryo culture; micropropagation.

4. Study of molecular techniques: PCR, Blotting techniques, AGE and

PAGE.

Course

Outcome


knowledge of biotechnological techniques and economic botany in applied

sciences.

53

BS20.324 Applied Zoology 4-0-0-4

Objective To get the basic understanding of human genomics and reproductive biology.

Unit 1: Introduction to Host-parasite Relationship

Host, Definitive host, Intermediate host, Parasitism, Symbiosis,

Commensalism, Reservoir,

Zoonosis

3

Unit 2 Epidemiology of Diseases,

Transmission, Prevention and control of diseases: Tuberculosis, typhoid 5

Unit 3 Rickettsiae and Spirochaetes and Parasitic Protozoa & Helminthes

Brief account of Rickettsia prowazekii, Borrelia recurrentis and Treponema

pallidum

Life history and pathogenicity of Entamoeba histolytica,

Plasmodium vivax and

Trypanosoma gambiense

Life history and pathogenicity of Ancylostoma duodenale and Wuchereria

bancrofti

15

Unit 4: Insects of Economic & Medical Importance

Biology, Control and damage caused by Helicoverpa armigera, Pyrilla

perpusilla and Papilio demoleus, Callosobruchus chinensis, Sitophilus

oryzae and Tribolium castaneum

Medical importance and control of Pediculus humanus corporis, Anopheles,

Culex, Aedes, Xenopsylla cheopis

15

Unit 5 Animal Husbandry, Poultry Farming and Fish Technology

Preservation and artificial insemination in cattle; Induction of early

puberty and synchronization of estrus in cattle

Principles of poultry breeding, Management of breeding stock and broilers,

Processing and preservation of eggs

Genetic improvements in aquaculture industry; Induced breeding and

transportation of fish seed.

14

Course

Outcome


knowledge in conduction of successful laboratory experiments.

54

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. Arora, D. R and Arora, B. (2001). Medical Parasitology. II Edition.

CBS Publications and Distributors.

2. Dunham R.A. (2004). Aquaculture and Fisheries Biotechnology

Genetic Approaches. CABI publications, U.K.

3. Park, K. (2007). Preventive and Social Medicine. XVI Edition. B.B

Publishers.

4. Atwal, A.S. (1986). Agricultural Pests of India and South

East Asia, Kalyani Publishers.

Reference Books:

1. Kumar and Corton. Pathological Basis of Diseases.

2. Dennis, H. (2009). Agricultural Entomology. Timber Press (OR).

3. Hafez, E. S. E. (1962). Reproduction in Farm Animals. Lea &

Fabiger Publisher

4. Pedigo, L.P. (2002). Entomology and Pest Management, Prentice

Hall.

BS20.326 Applied Zoology Laboratory 0-0-4-2

Objective To familiarize and experience zoological tests and specimens.

1. Study of Plasmodium vivax, Entamoeba histolytica, Trypanosoma

gambiense, Ancylostoma duodenale and Wuchereria bancrofti and

their life stages through permanent slides/photomicrographs or

specimens.

2. Study of arthropod vectors associated with human diseases:

Pediculus, Culex, Anopheles, Aedes and Xenopsylla.

3. Study of insect damage to different plant parts/stored grains

through damaged products/photographs.

4. Identifying feature and economic importance of Helicoverpa

(Heliothis) armigera, Papilio demoleus, Pyrilla perpusilla,

Callosobruchus chinensis, Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium

castaneum

5. Visit to poultry farm or animal breeding centre. Submission of visit report

6. Maintenance of freshwater aquarium

Course

Outcome

Student will be able to carry out routine clinical analysis of animals and

humans.

CH20.302 Organic Chemistry-IV 3-0-0-3

55

Heterocyclic Compounds: Introduction: Molecular orbital picture and aromatic characteristics of pyrrole,

furan, thiophene and pyridine. Only one method of synthesis and chemical reactions with particular

emphasis on the mechanism of electrophilic substitution. Comparison in basicity of pyridine, piperidine and

pyrrole. Preparation and reactions of indole, quinoline and isoquinoline with special reference to

Fisher indole synthesis, Skraup synthesis and Bischler-Napieralski synthesis.

[7]

Organometallic and Organosulphur Compounds: Organomagnesium Compounds: the Grignard

reagents-formation, structure and chemical reactions. Organozinc compounds: formation and chemical

reactions. Organolithium compounds: formation and chemical reactions

Organosulphur: Nomenclature, structural features. Methods of formation and chemical reactions of

thiols, thioethers, sulphonic acids, sulphonamides and sulphaguanidine.

[6]

Amines: Preparation: from Gabriel’s Phthalimide synthesis, Hofmann Bromamide reaction.

Reactions: Hofmann vs. Saytzeff elimination, Carbylamine test, Hinsberg test, Schotten – Baumann

Reaction and formation of diazonium salts.

[4]

Carbohydrates: Classification and nomenclature, Monosaccharides, mechanism of osazone

formation, interconversion of glucose and fructose, chain lengthening and chain shortening of

aldoses. Configuration of monosaccharide. Erythro and threo diastereomers. Conversion of

glucose into mannose. Cyclic structure of D (+)- glucose. Mechanism of mutarotation.

Structures of ribose and deoxyribose. An introduction to disaccharides (maltose, sucrose and

lactose) and polysaccharides (starch and cellulose) without involving structure determination.

[7]

Amino Acids, Peptides, Proteins and Nucleic Acids: Classification, structure and

stereochemistry of amino acids. Acid-base behavior, isoelectric point and electrophoresis.

Preparation and reactions of α-amino acids. Structure and nomenclature of peptides and proteins.

Classification of proteins. solid-phase peptide synthesis. Structures of peptides and proteins.

Levels of protein structure. Protein denaturation/renaturation. Nucleic acids: Introduction.

Constituents of nucleic acids. Ribonucleosides and ribonucleotides. The double helical structure

of DNA.

[7]

Fats, Oils, Detergents and Synthetic Dyes: Natural fats, edible and industrial oils of vegetable origin,

common fatty acids, glycerides, hydrogenation of unsaturated oils. Saponification value, iodine value,

acid value, soaps, synthetic detergents, alkyl and aryl sulphonates.

Dyes: Colour and constitution (electronic concept). Classification of dyes. Chemistry and synthesis of

Methyl orange, Congo red, Malachite green, Crystal violet, Phenolphthalein, Fluorescein, Alizarin and

Indigo.

[8]

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. P. L. Soni and H.M. Chawla, Text Book of Organic Chemistry, 28th Ed.1999, S. Chand & Co Ltd.

2. A. K. Srivastava, Organic Chemistry, 1st Ed. 2002, New Age International.

Reference Books:


2. Bahl and Arun Bahl, Advanced Organic Chemistry, 19th Ed. 2005, S. Chand & Co. Ltd.

3. Giri, Bajpai and Pandey, Practical Chemistry, reprint, 2005, S. Chand & Co. Ltd.

CH20.304 Physical Chemistry-IV 2-0-0-2

Colloidal State: Definition, classification of colloids. Solids in liquids (sols): properties-kinetic,

optical and electrical; stability of colloids, protective action. Hardy-Schulze law, gold number. Liquids

in solids (gels): classification, preparation and properties, inhibition, general application of colloids.

Liquids in liquids (emulsions): types of emulsions, preparation, emulsifier.

[6]

56

Solutions: Dilute Solutions and Colligative Properties: Ideal and non-ideal solutions, methods of

expressing concentrations of solutions, activity and activity coefficient. Dilute solution, colligative

properties, Raoult's law, relative lowering of vapour pressure, molecular weight determination.

Osmosis, law of osmotic pressure and its measurement, determination of molecular weight from

osmotic pressure, elevation of boiling point and depression in freezing point. Thermodynamic

derivation of relation between molecular weight and elevation of boiling point and depression in

freezing point. Experimental methods for determining various colligative properties. Abnormal molar

mass, degree of dissociation and association of solutes.

[8]

Electrochemistry: Specific and equivalent conductance, measurement of equivalent

conductance, variation of equivalent and specific conductance with dilution. Migration of ions and

Kohlrausch law, Arrhenius theory and its limitations, weak and strong electrolytes. Ostwald's dilution

law its uses and limitations, Debye-Huckel-Onsager's equation (elementary treatment). Transport

number-definition, determination by Hittorf and moving boundary method. Applications of

conductivity measurements: determination of degree of dissociation, Ka of acids, solubility

product of the sparingly soluble salt, conductometric titrations. Types of reversible electrodes-

gas-metal ion, metal-metal ion, metal-insoluble salt-anion and redox electrodes, Electrode

reactions, Nernst equation, derivation and computation of cell E.M.F. and its measurement, single

electrode potential, SHE , reference electrodes, standard electrode potential, sign conventions,

electrochemical series and its significance. Electrolytic and Galvanic cells-reversible and irreversible

cells, conventional representation of electrochemical cells. Calculation of thermodynamic

quantities of cell reactions (∆G, ∆H and K). Concentration cell with and without transport, liquid

junction potential, application of concentration cells, valency of ions, solubility product and activity

coefficient, potentiometric titrations. Definition of pH and pKa, determination of pH using

hydrogen quinhydrone and glass electrodes.

[12]

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. P. D. Sharma and A.P. Bhargava, Physical Chemistry B. Sc. Part II, 2011, RBD.

2. K.R. Genwa, Physical Chemistry B.Sc. Part II, 2004, RBD.

3. P. W. Atkins, The elements of Physical Chemistry, 3rd

Ed. 1993, Oxford.

4. Puri, Sharma, Pathania, Principles of Physical Chemistry, 6th Ed. 2009, Vishal Publishing

Co.

5. Practical Chemistry: Giri, Bajpai and Pandey, Reprint 2009, S. Chand & Co. Ltd

57

CH 20.312 Organic and Physical Chemistry Laboratory-II 0-0-2-1

1. Synthesis of the following organic compounds:

(a) To prepare o-chlorobenzoic acid from anthranilic acid.

(b) To prepare p-bromoaniline from p-bromoacetanilide.

(c) To prepare m-nitroaniline from m-dinitrobenzene.

(d) To prepare S-Benzyl-iso-thiouronium chloride from thiourea.

2. To determine the strength of the given acid solution (mono and dibasic acid) conductometrically.

3. To determine the solubility and solubility product of a sparingly soluble electrolyte conductometrically.

4. To determine the strength of given acid solution (mono and dibasic acid)/KMnO4 – Mohr salt

potentiometrically.

5. To determine the molecular weight of a non-volatile solute by Rast method.

6. To standardize the given acid solution (mono and dibasic acid) pH metrically.

Suggested Readings:

Text Book:



Reference Books:






58

BS20.328 Mushroom Culture Technology 2-0-0-2

Objective To empower students with entrepreneurial skills through the production and

disease management of mushrooms.

Unit 1 Introduction, history. Nutritional and medicinal value of edible

mushrooms; Poisonous mushrooms. Types of edible mushrooms availablin

India - Volvariella volvacea, Pleurotus citrinopileatus, Agaricus bisporus.

4

Unit 2 Cultivation Technology : Infrastructure: substrates (locally available)

Polythene bag, vessels, Inoculation hook, inoculation loop, low cost stove,

sieves, culture rack, mushroom unit (Thatched house) water sprayer, tray,

small polythene bag. Pure culture: Medium, sterilization, preparation of

spawn, multiplication.

5

Unit 3 Mushroom bed preparation - paddy straw, sugarcane trash, maize straw,

banana leaves. Factors affecting the mushroom bed preparation- Low cost

technology, Composting technology in mushroom production.

5

Unit 4 Storage and nutrition : Short-term storage (Refrigeration - upto 24 hours)

Long term Storage (canning, pickels, papads), drying, storage in

saltsolutions. Nutrition - Proteins - amino acids, mineral elements nutrition -

Carbohydrates, Crude fibre content - Vitamins.

8

Unit 5 Food Preparation : Types of foods prepared from mushroom. Research Centres

- National level and Regional level. Cost benefit ratio - Marketing in India

and abroad, Export Value.

4

Course

Outcome

The students will able to apply the acquired sufficient academic and practical

experiences and become self- employed in the mushroom and nursery

ventures.

Suggested Readings:

Text Books:

1. Tewari, Pankaj Kapoor, S.C., (1988). Mushroom cultivation,

Mittal Publications, Delhi.

2. Swaminathan, M. (1990) Food and Nutrition. Bappco, The

Bangalore Printing and Publishing Co. Ltd., No. 88, Mysore

Road, Bangalore - 560018.

Reference Books:

1. Marimuthu, T. Krishnamoorthy, A.S. Sivaprakasam, K. and

Jayarajan. R (1991) Oyster Mushrooms, Department of Plant

Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore.

2. Nita Bahl (1984-1988) Hand book of Mushrooms, II Edition, Vol. I & Vol. II.

Documents

Mody University of Science & Technology Bachelor of Science