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Monotheistic ReligionsJudaism, Christianity, Islam
Religion A system of belief or worship built around a God or gods
or goddesses ✴code of ethics ✴a philosophy of life
Monotheistic
belief in
only one god
Polytheistic
belief in
more than one god
Judaism: an introduction
Judaism
Star of David is the most common symbol of Judaism
Judaism was founded by Moses BUT most Jews trace their belief back to Abraham
Judaism worships one God.
In Judaism, they worship YHWH (“Yahweh” Hebrew pronunciation) which is built around the phrase “I am”
JudaismJudaism follows the word of the Torah (the first 5 books of Moses) or Tanach/Tanakh (all the Jewish scriptures)
Followers of Judaism are considered Jewish and sometimes referred to as Jews.
Jews will attend a Synagogue to worship.
JudaismThere are 13 million followers of Judaism. Most of the followers are in Israel and the United States.
Holiest place for Judaism is: Jerusalem.
The religious leader of a synagogue is called a Rabbi.
The three branches (Sects) of Judaism are: Orthodox, Conservative, and Reform
JudaismIn Judaism, they believe the Messiah will still come.
The Ten Commandments form the basis of the Torah
Holidays celebrated by Judaism:
Rosh Hashanah - Jewish New Year festival that takes place in September or October.
Yom Kippur - a Jewish holiday where Jews fast, pray, and ask God for forgiveness (this happens 10 days after the beginning of Rosh Hashanah)
Hanukkah - the festival of lights - celebrates 8 days plus one additional candle to light the others
ISLAM: an introductionClick on the words above for a link to a YouTube video
ISLAM
Star and Crescent is the best-known symbol to represent Islam.
Islam was founded by the Prophet Muhammad in 600 AD
Islam believes in only one God (Monotheistic religion)
IslamWorship of One God (Allah). God has no son, he is Almighty. Allah is Arabic for God.
The Qur’an or Koran ~ the written words of Mohammed as told by the angel Gabriel
Followers of Islam are known as Muslim
“Allah” written in Arabic
IslamMuslims attend Mosque
There are currently about 1.6 billion followers of Islam
Holy places of Islam are:
*Kaaba in Mecca (in the picture) *Medina, and *Jerusalem.
Muslims believe in: The Five Pillars of Islam Holidays celebrated by Islam:
Ramadan - a month of fasting ~ celebrated during the 9th month of their calendar, Eid ul-Fitr - when Muslims celebrate the end of Ramadan
Eid al-Adha - at the end of Hajj - pilgrimage to Mecca - during the 12th month of their calendar.
Muslims must perform these duties to show submission to Allah
submission to Allah
A declaration of faith. “There is no God but Allah and Muhammad
is his messenger.
Pray facing Mecca five times a day: dawn,
noon, afternoon evening and night.
It is a Muslims duty to give 2.5% of their
income to the poor/needy.
During the holy month of Ramadan,
Muslims cannot eat or drink from dawn to
dusk.
If possible, Muslims must go on a
pilgrimage to Mecca once in their life.
Islam
Northern Africa, Middle East, Indonesia
Sunni and Shia - denominations
*Sunnis believe Muslim leaders can be elected, picked or anyone qualified (80%)
*Shia believe leaders should be direct descendants of of the Prophet (20%)
Leaders are known as/called: Caliph, Ayatollah, Imam
ChristianityMost common symbols of Christianity are: the cross/crucifix and the fish (baptism is done in, water; ICHTUS (Greek word for fish and the letters are acrostic I=Jesus C=Christ TH= God’s U= Son, S= Savior)
Jesus, or Apostles are the founders
Worship ONE God
The Holy Bible
ChristianityChristians worship in a churchthere are approximately 2.6 billion followers of this religion
Looking back at the map, this religion is predominantly in: Europe, North America, South America, Ethiopia
Christianityfollowers of this religion are known as Christians
Religious leaders are typically referred to as: priest, minister, pastor
Other denominations of Christianity are: Roman Catholics, Protestants (three largest Protestant groups are: Baptists, Methodists and Lutherans)
ChristianityHoly places are: Anywhere Jesus was. Bethlehem, Jerusalem, Jordan River.
Main Holidays are: Christmas & Easter
Christians believe that:
The Messiah will come back.
Jesus is God’s Son
Savior of the World.
Christians should try to follow the Ten Commandments