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Motherhood and women’s activism. History Is Central Summer Institute June 2006. Protesting the murder of Emmett Till, 1955. Women Strike for Peace - protesting the Vietnam War. Flint auto strike, 1936. Mothers protesting desegregation, Baltimore, 1954. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Motherhood and women’s activism
History Is Central
Summer Institute
June 2006
Women Strike for Peace - protesting the Vietnam War
Flint auto strike, 1936
Mothers’ Crusade against Lend-Lease, Feb. 1941
Mothers protesting desegregation, Baltimore, 1954
Many different causes
Protesting the murder of Emmett Till, 1955
Social movements
• Identities
• Resources• Networks (internal/external)
• How might these apply to the 1917 food protests in NYC?
Meat protest, 1945 (NYC)
Mobilizing mothers
19c Women’s clubs– Types of activities?– Vision of government, public
responsibility?
The Story of the Illinois Federation of Colored Women's Clubs (Privately published, Chicago, IL, 1922) pp. 98
Buffalo Woman’s Club, 1910
Separatism as Strategy: Women’s organizations
• YWCA
• National Consumers League
• National Congress of Mothers
After work, Baltimore YWCA (1919)Leaders of the National Congress of Mothers, 1897
WCA, Hartford
Settlement Houses
Urban Experience in Chicago: Hull House and Its Neighborhoods (http://www.uic.edu/jaddams/hull/urbanexp/index.htm)
Civic housekeeping
“Women’s place is Home. But Home is not contained within the four walls of an individual house. Home is the community. The city full of people is the Family. And badly do the Home and Family need Mother.”
- Rheta Dorr (journalist and suffragist)
Cartoon portraying Rudolph Blankenburg of Philadelphia as urban reformer, 1896/1911
Suffrage card, National Women’s History Museum
A Vote for Mother“For the safety of the Nation
To the Women Give the Vote
For the hand that Rocks the Cradle
Will Never Rock the Boat!”Banner carried by NAWSA, 1916 parade in Chicago
(WI State Historical Society)
National Women’s History Museum, www.nwhm.org
Creating the Children’s Bureau, 1912
“to investigate and report upon all matters pertaining to the welfare of children and child life among all classes of our people.”
Julia Lathrop (Library of Congress)
"$acred Motherhood" was created in 1908 by Chicago Daily News cartoonist Luther Bradley for exhibition at a joint conference of the Women's Trade Union League and the Chicago Federation of Labor..Artist: Luther BradleySource: Chicago Historical Society (ICHi-37917)
http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/11224.html
Protesting working conditions - The Women’s Trade Union League, 1908
Muller v. Oregon (1908)
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Blondie: The Night Shift,” 1933 (Library of Congress)
Day Nurseries
• How was child care shaped by ideas about motherhood?
Sources and questions
• Annual reports of day nurseries
• Organizational records
• Case records on families
• Records of other agencies
• Newspaper clippings
Local connections: CT State Library/CT Historical Society
• General Federation of Women’s Clubs of Connecticut• College Club of Hartford• Northwest Child Welfare Club• Hartford Women’s Club, 1890-1923• CT Woman Suffrage Association, 1869-1921• CT Valley Kindergarten Association, 1895-1940• Goodwill Club of Hartford • Hartford Maternal Milk Station• National Popular Education Board, 1845-1855 (letters
of women sent West as teachers)