Motorola Andy Wilton The Benefits of ALL - IPv6ipv6tf.org/PublicDocuments/ThebenefitsofALL-IPNetworks.pdf · Director of GSM Applied Research Motorola The Benefits of ALL-IP Networks

3G Mobile Summit 1 Brussels June 2001

Andy WiltonAndy WiltonAndy Wilton

Director of GSM Applied Research

Motorola

The Benefits of ALL-IP Networks The Benefits of ALLThe Benefits of ALL--IP Networks IP Networks


Packet ServicesPacket Services

Drivers for Packet Drivers for Packet ServicesServices


UMTS Forum Study Services and ApplicationsUMTS Forum Study Services and Applications

Rich VoiceInc.

Videophone

VoiceVoiceInformation and Content (NonInformation and Content (Non--Voice)Voice)

CONTENT CONNECTIVITYCONTENT CONNECTIVITY(Internet(Internet))

MOBILITYMOBILITY

PERSONALPERSONALPEOPLE PEOPLE

CONNECTIVITYCONNECTIVITY LOCATIONLOCATION

Direct Link Direct Link to a Personto a Person

Always on, Always on, IPIP--basedbased

Knowledge Knowledge of Locationof Location

Key Services IdentifiedKey Services Identified

Location-based

Services

Multimedia Messaging

ServiceCustomisedInfotainment

Mobile Intranet /Extranet

Mobile InternetAccess


t

bit/s

Max

Avg

t

bit/s

Max

Avg

t

bit/s

Max

Avg

Virtual Connections

Services – Resource OccupancyServices – Resource Occupancy

•• RealReal--Time or Streaming Media:Time or Streaming Media:• High Data- Rate and Low Delay

• Increasingly Commodity Service

•• Content Based Services Content Based Services –– Often:Often:• Low Data Rate & Delay Tolerant

• Sold on Replacement Value


The Cost of ServicesThe Cost of Services

• The Cost of Different Services is Not the Same

• Real Time or Streaming Media– Degrade the link budget

• maximum cell size is smaller• small cell size for entire region of high rate service

– Opportunity Cost• high rate services quickly use up cell capacity• exclude other lower rate users

• Content Based Services– are almost free– vending machine

• 1000 bytes/day• sometime that day


Service RevenueService Revenue

x14x14

x10x10

RevenueUsers Supported per Carrier

Real Time ServicesReal Time Services Content Based ServicesContent Based Services

• Number Packet Users >>Circuit

• Revenue/Service higher- e.g.the Vending Machine

–substitutes for•cost of employee•cost of capital (van etc.,)

- tariff set on value


The Benefits of All IP NetworksThe Benefits of All IP Networks

What is an ‘ALL IP Network’What is an ‘ALL IP Network’What is an ‘ALL IP Network’


IP Has Multiple RolesIP Has Multiple Roles

GPRS ExampleGPRS ExampleIP Host

Internet

BSC/PCU GGSNSGSNBTSMS

Internal

NetworkIP CNFR

Um

L1bis L1

Gb Gn GiMS BSS SGSN GGSN

UDP

GSM RF

SNDCP

IP (priv)

LLC

MAC

RLC

Application

GSM RF Physical

IP (pub)

Physical Physical

GTP-U

Physical

IP SERVICE (INTER-NETWORK ROUTING)

OPER.

Start

End

UDP

IP (op)

L2

IP Host

Physical

IP (pub)

Application

L2

ROUTING

IP (op)

UDP

End

Start

L2

RLC

MAC

BSSGP

N.Service

SNDCP GTP-U

BSSGP

N.Service

LLCRelay

RelayAppl

icat

ion

Appl

icat

ion

Leve

lLe

vel

Impl

emen

tatio

n Im

plem

enta

tion

Leve

lLe

vel


UMTS R99 ArchitectureUMTS R99 Architecture

Access Network

OAMPRNCRNC

RRMRNCRNC

RRM

Concentrators

Iub

Iur

IubIub

Core Network Iups

PSTN

MSC

SGSNGGSN

Internet Internet

SGSNGGSN

SGSN GGSN

SGSN GGSN

MSC

MSCMSC

Iucs Iucs

PSTN

Iups


UTRAN Architecture EvolutionUTRAN Architecture Evolution

IP UTRAN• IP routing• IP transport• point-to-point Node B Link

Iu

Iub

IP Network

Router

Router

Router

Router

Iub

RRM

RNC

SignallingSignalling

Peer-to-Peer• Node B re-parenting RNC• Signalling/bearer separation• Distributed RRM

SDU

SDU

Iu

IubIub

RNCSRRM1

RRM1

RNCS

Aggregation

IP Network

RRM2RRM2

BearerBearer

Hierarchical• point-to-point ATM• concentration

Concentrator

Iub Iub

Concentrator

Iu

RRM

RNC

RNC - Radio Network Controller RRM – Radio Resource Management


CORE Network EvolutionCORE Network Evolution

+ Routing equipment: lower cost+ Multiple routes - better N/W availability+ Use of multiple bearers as required+ Bearer & control separation - scalability+ Incremental investment

DistributedDistributed

IP CNIP CNPSTNInternet

SignallingServer

Bearer handling

SignallingSignalling BearerBearer

- Switching equipment: expensive- Point to point ATM - trunking inefficiency- Homogeneous bearers between NE+ QoS well managed- Signalling and traffic follow same path

GGSN

GGSN

HierarchicalHierarchical

PSTN

MSC

SGSN

Internet Internet

SGSN

SGSN GGSN

SGSN GGSN

MSC

MSCMSC

PSTN

SignallingSignalling(CS)(CS)Bearer(CS)Bearer(CS)Bearer(PS)Bearer(PS)

SignallingSignalling(PS)(PS)


The Benefits of an ALL IP NetworkThe Benefits of an ALL IP Network

The Cellular Environment The Cellular Environment The Cellular Environment


Cellular Traffic Mix Changes vs TimeCellular Traffic Mix Changes vs Time

Total Suburban Traffic Volume/BH

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Gby

tes Urban

SuburbanRural

Coverage growth

0

40,000

80,000

120,000

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

km^2

UrbanSubUrbanRural

Subscriber growth

0

2,000,000

4,000,000

6,000,000

8,000,000

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Subs

crib

ers

UrbanSuburbanRural

Suburban Downlink Service Growth Per Sub

0

450

900

1,350

1,800

2,250

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

kbits

/BH

64kbit/s (PS) 144kbit/s (PS) 64kbit/s (CS) 12.2kbit/s Speech


The Benefits of an ALL IP NetworkThe Benefits of an ALL IP Network

All IP Network - ConsiderationsAll IP Network - Considerations


Network Management & ProvisioningNetwork Management & Provisioning

◆ MSC Data Field reconfiguring◆ Rebalance circuit and packet networks◆ Sensitive to mix

◆ Incremental transmission upgrades◆ Less sensitive to traffic mix changes◆ Single network to manage

◆ Element Dimensioning

Service Mix Changing Over TimeService Mix Changing Over Time

HierarchicalHierarchical DistributedDistributed

IP CNIP CNPSTNInternet

SignallingServer

Bearer handlingPSTN

MSC

SGSN

Internet Internet

SGSN

SGSN GGSN

SGSN GGSN

MSC

MSCMSC

PSTNGGSN

GGSN

- Equipment upgrades


Transmission GrowthTransmission Growth

Release 99 CoreRelease 99 Core

Capacity

◆ Large capacity increment

All IP CoreAll IP Core

Capacity

Growth

◆ Capacity - incremental investment◆ Resilience

Growth

Required Capacity Required

Capacity


Rel 99 SERVICE IMPLEMENTATION

- MSC based- Slow rollout (regression testing)- Service lost on roaming- New Service introduction

- potentially corrupts all services- Tied to MSC vendor

PSTNPSTN PPDNPPDN

MSCMSCMSC

GGSNGGSNGGSN

SGSNSGSNSGSN

GMSCGMSCGMSC

NODE BNODE BNODE B NODE BNODE BNODE B

UMTS RANUMTS RAN

RNCRNCRNC

XCDRXCDRXCDR

Service Dis-aggregation / Time to MarketService Dis-aggregation / Time to Market

‘All IP’ SERVICE IMPLEMENTATION

- Client Server based- Very fast rollout- Multiple sources for Application

development- Each service is stand alone

- cannot corrupt others- Matched to Web implementation

IP Address Server

Phone (Client)


Protocol OverheadsProtocol Overheads

96.8

94.7

%age efficiency (payload to message)

Voice PDU (40 octets)

ATM

SDH

A

Voice over ATM Voice over IP

VOICE

AAL2

Voice PDU (40 octets)

RTP

UDP

IP

R

R UGTP

UDP

IP

SDH

R U

R U

R U

R U

I

I

I

I

G

G

G

U

U I

75.5

32.3

38.5

41.7

50.0

66.6

76.9

75.5% 32.3%Data over ATM Data over IP

SDH

Data PDU ( 720 octets)

97.8

96.8

94.7

84.9

GTP

UDP

IP

SDH

G

G

G

G

U

U

U

I

I AG

G

G

U

U

I

Data PDU ( 720 octets)

GTP

UDP

IP

ATM

DATA

AAL5

97.8

84.9% 94.7%


Quality of Service (QoS)Quality of Service (QoS)Quality of Service (QoS)Quality of Service (QoS)

QoS is defined by a number of parameters such as delay, jitter, loss

Circuit switched pipe Packet switched network

∆t1

∆t2∆t1

∆t2• ∆t1 = ∆t2 • ∆t1 ≠∆t2• Jitter

General QoS Solutions

• IntServ - session QoS • DiffServ - Packet QoS • MPLS/RSVP - protocols

MPLSUE/MS

RSVP/IntServ

MPLS

Node BNode B

DiffServDiffServDiffServ


All IP Networks +ves & -vesAll IP Networks +ves & -ves

• Life Cycle Cost– Faster product learning curve– Trunking efficiency– Lower OA&M and Provisioning costs– Higher network resilience

• Revenue Benefits– Faster Service roll out

• Application commonality with internet services

• New service development speed (not locked to MSC regression testing)

• Other Benefits– Well matched to service/content

disaggregation– Natural integration with the Internet

• Product availability– QoS management only now being

resolved• Need to avoid inefficient IP

implementations– Multiple protocol stacks

AdvantagesAdvantages DisadvantagesDisadvantages


The Benefits of ALL IP NetworksThe Benefits of ALL IP Networks

Key Benefits and TimingKey Benefits and Timing


Life Cycle Cost ModellingLife Cycle Cost Modelling

Cellular InfrastructureHandset SubsidiesInstallation/OptimisationSpectrum Licence FeesServicesetc

Cellular InfrastructureHandset SubsidiesInstallation/OptimisationSpectrum Licence FeesServicesetc

InterconnectSite RentalMaintenancePoweretc

InterconnectSite RentalMaintenancePoweretc

CapitalCapital

RecurringRecurring


Life Cycle Network CostsLife Cycle Network Costs

0%

100 %

Distributed CN CostsR99 CN Costs

Licence Fees

HandsetSubsidies

RAN

Core N/W


Infrastructure Life cycle CostsInfrastructure Life cycle Costs

0.0%

25.0%

50.0%

75.0%

100.0%

R99 Network Total Costs R2001 Network Total Costs

HandsetsSite RentalsConcentratorsRNC EquipmentNode B EquipmentOAM + UpgradesTransmissionCore Network SitesMSCs + GSNs


Total Costs and RevenueTotal Costs and Revenue

0.0%

25.0%

50.0%

75.0%

100.0%

R99 Total Business Costs R2001 Total Business Costs

LicenseHandsetsSite RentalsConcentratorsRNC EquipmentNode B EquipmentOAM + UpgradesTransmissionCore Network SitesMSCs + GSNs


ALL IP Network Revenue Benefits – (1)ALL IP Network Revenue Benefits – (1)

UMTS UMTS

GSM

UMTS

• Islands of UMTS coverage- small cell size- demand driven

• Wide area coverage- GPRS or EDGE

• Dual mode UMTS/GSM handsets

ServerServerServer

GPRS/EDGE

UMTS

UMTS Service

• Services at edge of network- transport via GSM or UMTS

• Service Transparent to Transport- between operators- between media (copper, mobile etc.,)- a few services

- will run less well on GPRS/EDGE

CELLULAR RF COVERAGE CELLULAR SERVICE COVERAGE

Data

Data


ALL IP Network Revenue Benefits – (2) ALL IP Network Revenue Benefits – (2)

GPRS ExampleGPRS ExampleIP Host

Internet

BSC/PCU GGSNSGSNBTSMS

Internal

NetworkIP CNFR

Um

L1bis L1

Gb Gn GiMS BSS SGSN GGSN

UDP

GSM RF

SNDCP

IP (priv)

LLC

MAC

RLC

Application

GSM RF Physical

IP (pub)

Physical Physical

GTP-U

Physical

IP SERVICE (INTER-NETWORK ROUTING)

OPER.

Start

End

UDP

IP (op)

L2

IP Host

Physical

IP (pub)

Application

L2

ROUTING

IP (op)

UDP

End

Start

L2

RLC

MAC

BSSGP

N.Service

SNDCP GTP-U

BSSGP

N.Service

LLCRelay

RelayAppl

icat

ion

Appl

icat

ion

Leve

lLe

vel

Impl

emen

tatio

n Im

plem

enta

tion

Leve

lLe

vel


All IP Networks – Phased IntroductionAll IP Networks – Phased Introduction

◆◆ Service Service DDisis--aggregationaggregation

◆◆ IP core networkIP core network

◆◆ IP UTRAN (opIP UTRAN (optiontion))

◆◆ PeerPeer--toto--peer (option)peer (option)

◆◆ Repartitioned RRMRepartitioned RRM


ALL IP Networks – Key BenefitsALL IP Networks – Key Benefits

• Increased Revenue– Fastest Time to Market for New Applications– Revenues from Access Provision to Third Parties

• Reduced LifeCycle Cost– Simpler Service provisioning

• Reduced Costs• Skilled Staff Availability

– Lower Network Costs• IP Product Learning Curve• Network Scalability


Thank You for Your Attention

Thank You for Your Attention

The Benefits of ALL IP NetworksThe Benefits of ALL IP Networks