Mounce Overheads

8/22/2019 Mounce Overheads

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Overheads

to

The Basics of Biblical Greek

ByDr. William D. Mounce


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page 2

Pr

eface

Included is what I hope will become a gr

owing body of visual teaching aids. So much of our edu-cational theory is designed for auditory learners, not visual learners. Hopefully these overheadswill help all students.

We are starting with very basic overheads. If you have some ideas that you would like me to doand include in this packets in future years (with due credit given to you), please send your sam-ples to Bill Mounce, Teknia, PO Box 337, Wenham, MA 01984, or email me at [email protected].

Teachers using The Basics of Biblical Greek

may copy these overheads, both for overheads and stu-dent handouts, provided that the copies are distributed at cost.

First printing . . . . . . . Fall, 1993

Second printing . . . . . . Fall, 1999

Third printing . . . . . Spring, 2006


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Chapter 3

page 1

Chapter 3

Alphabet

(

#

3.3.2)

a b g d e

z h q i kl m n x op r s " t

u f c y w


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Chapter 3

page 2

V

owels

(

#

3.4)

a e h

oi

u

w


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Chapter 3

page 3

Br

eathings (

####

3.4-5)

1.

ajpovstolo"

2. uJpevr3. rJuvomai

4. aijtevw5. Aijtevw

6. Ihsou'"


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Chapter 3

page 4

Diphthong(

#

3.5)


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Chapter 4

page 1

Chapter 4

Accents (

#

4.2)

Acute:

uJpevr

Grave:

uJpe;r

Circumfl

ex:

pneu'ma


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Chapter 4

page 2

Co-Elision (

#

4.2)


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Chapter 4

page 3

V

ocabulary

5,437 different words

138,162 total occurrences

79.92 % of all occurrences

Words occurring 50 times and more accountfor 110,425 of the total word occurrences, oralmost 80%.


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Chapter 4

page 4

Nominative and Accusative Paradigm

2

1 2masc fem neut

nom sg

lovgo"

grafhv e[rgonw{ra

acc sg

lovgon

grafhvn e[rgonw{ran

nom pl

lovgoi

grafaiv e[rgaw|rai

acc pl

lovgou"

grafav" e[rgaw{ra"


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Chapter 5

page 1

Chapter 5

T

erminology (

#5.3-5)

Case: Nominative (subject)

Accusative (direct object)

Number: Singular

Plural

Gender: Masculine

Feminine

Neuter


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Chapter 6 page 1

Chapter 6

Nominative and Accusative (#6.3)

The apostle sends the apostle.

" nominative subject

n accusative direct object

oJ ajpovstolo" pevmpei to;n ajpovstolon.


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Chapter 6 page 2

From Case to Function to Meaning

1. Case

2. Function

3. Meaning

your translation

nominative

subject predicatenominative

Instead of thinking about word order, you should first look at the words case, fromthe case determine the words function, and from the function determine the wordsmeaning. Do not try to determine function on the basis of word order.


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Chapter 6 page 3

Parsing Made Simple

Step #1: Case ending

Step #2: Declension

Step #3: Gender

Step #4: Parsing

- nom sing femi 1st nom plural femn 1st acc sing fem

2nd masc acc sing mascneut nom/acc sing

The goal is to move from the case ending to the parsing. There are several scenarios. Sometimes youcan see the case ending and know automatically what it must be (e.g., no ending). In this case you canskip steps #2 nd #3. Other times you have to see the declension. For example, iota can be found severalplaces, but if it is a first declension noun then it must be nom plural fem. A third scenario requires youto move through the declension all the way to gender, as in the ending nu.


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Chapter 6 page 4

Paradigm (#6.13,15)

2 1 2masc fem neut

nom sg " - n

acc sg n n n

nom pl i i a

acc pl u" " a

2 1 2masc fem neut

nom sg lovgo" grafhv e[rgon

w{raacc sg lovgon grafhvn e[rgon

w{ran

nom pl lovgoi grafaiv e[rga

w|raiacc pl lovgou" grafav" e[rga

w{ra"


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Chapter 6 page 5

Alternate Paradigm (#6.13,15)

2 1 2

masc fem neut

nom sg o" h on

acc sg on hn on

nom pl oi ai a

acc pl ou" a" a

2 1 2masc fem neut

nom sg lovgo" grafhv e[rgon

w{raacc sg lovgon grafhvn e[rgon

w{ran

nom pl lovgoi grafaiv e[rgaw|rai

acc pl lovgou" grafav" e[rgaw{ra"

For teachers preferring to show the final stem vowel with the case ending, we have included sev-eral alternate paradigms.


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Chapter 6 page 6

Nouns Rules 1-3 (####6.20)

a/h 1st declension

neuter nom = neuter acc

neuter nom/acc plural = a


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Chapter 6 page 7

Noun Rule ####2


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Chapter 6 page 8

The Fog

The only way is through!


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Chapter 6 page 9

Nominative and Accusative

2 1 2masc fem neut

nom sg " - n

acc sg n n n

nom pl i i aacc pl u" " a

nom sg oJ lovgo" hJ grafhv to; e[rgon

hJ w{raacc sg to;n lovgon th;n grafhvn to; e[rgon

th;n w{ran

nom pl oiJ logoiv aiJ grafaiv ta; e[rga

aiJ w|rai

acc pl tou;" lovgou" ta;" grafav" ta; e[rga

ta;" w{ra"


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Chapter 6 page 10

Nominative and Accusative(alternate)

2 1 2masc fem neut

nom sg o" h on

acc sg on hn on

nom pl oi ai aacc pl ou" a" a

nom sg oJ lovgo" hJ grafhv to; e[rgon

hJ w{raacc sg to;n lovgon th;n grafhvn to; e[rgon

th;n w{ran

nom pl oiJ logoiv aiJ grafaiv ta; e[rga

aiJ w|rai

acc pl tou;" lovgou" ta;" grafav" ta; e[rga

ta;" w{ra"


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Chapter 7 page 1

Chapter 7

Indirect vs. Direct Object(#7.2)

Karin threw Brad a ball.

Karin threw Brad .


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Chapter 7 page 2

Case Endings

(First and Second Declension)

2 1 2

masc fem neut

nom sg " - n

gen sg u " udat sg i i i

acc sg n n n

nom pl i i agen pl wn wn wn

dat pl i" i" i"

acc pl u" " a


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Chapter 7 page 3

Case Endings (#7.6)

(First and Second Declension)

(alternate)

2 1 2

masc fem neut

nom sg o" h ongen sg ou h" ou

dat sg w/ h/ w/

acc sg on hn on

nom pl oi ai a

gen pl wn wn wn

dat pl oi" ai" oi"

acc pl ou" a" a


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Chapter 7 page 4

Definite Article (#7.7)

2 1 2

masc fem neut

nom sg oJ hJ tov

gen sg tou' th'" tou'

dat sg tw/' th/' tw/'acc sg tovn thvn tov

nom pl oiJ aiJ tav

gen pl tw'n tw'n tw'ndat pl toi'" tai'" toi'"

acc pl touv" tav" tav


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Chapter 7 page 5

Full Paradigm (#7.8)

2 1 2

masc fem neutnom sg oJ lovgo" hJ grafh to; e[rgon

hJ w{ra

gen sg tou' lovgou th'" grafh'" tou' e[rgou

th'" w{ra"dat sg tw'/ lovgw/ th'/ grafh'/ tw'/ e[rgw/

th'/ w{ra/

acc sg to;n lovgon th;n grafhvn to; e[rgon

th;n w{ran

nom pl oiJ lovgoi aiJ grafaiv ta; e[rga

gen pl tw'n lovgwn tw'n grafw'n tw'n e[rgwn

dat pl toi'" lovgoi" tai'" grafai'" toi'" e[rgoi"acc pl tou;" lovgou" ta;" grafav" ta; e[rga


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Chapter 7 page 6

Noun Rules 4-6(#7.10)

Dative singular?

Iota subscripts (if possible)

Ablaut

Genitive & Dative?Masculine = neuter


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Chapter 7 page 7

Noun Rule ####6(#7.10)


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Chapter 8 page 1

Chapter 8

A Preposition and its Object(#8.2)

The object follows its preposition.

The object governs the meaning of the preposition.

Object

Preposition


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Chapter 8 page 2

Movable Nu (#8.10)


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Chapter 8 page 3

Dependent Clauses (#8.11)

SubjectMain Verb


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Chapter 8 page 4

Prepositions

uJpovejk

diav

ajpovprov"

eij"

paravv

ejn


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Chapter 9 page 1

Chapter 9

Functions of an Adjective (#9.1)

Good

Adjectivally Substantivally(regular adjective) (noun)

He is a good boy. The good, thebad, and the uglyare welcome

here.


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Chapter 9 page 2

Types of Adjectives (#9.2)

Tall

Attributive Predicate(gives an attribute) (predicates)

The girl is tall.The tall girl playsbasketball.


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Chapter 9 page 3

Adjectival Use of the Adjective (#9.11-13)

Attributive: immediately preceded by thearticle.

oJ ajgaqo;" a[nqrwpo" The good man.

Predicate: not preceded by the article.oJ a[nqrwpo" ajgaqov" The man is good.ajgaqo;" oJ a[nqrwpo" The man is good.

No article: see contextajgaqo;" a[nqrwpo" Good man.

Man is good.

a[nqrwpo" ajgaqo;" Good man.

Man is good.


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Chapter 9 page 4

Adjective (#9.6)

2 1 2

masc fem neut

nom sg ajgaqov" ajgaqhv ajgaqovn

gen sg ajgaqou' ajgaqh'" ajgaqou'

dat sg ajgaqw/' ajgaqh/' ajgaqw/'acc sg ajgaqovn ajgaqhvn ajgaqovn

nom pl ajgaqoiv ajgaqaiv ajgaqav

gen pl ajgaqw'n ajgaqw'n ajgaqw'ndat pl ajgaqoi'" ajgaqai'" ajgaqoi'"

acc pl ajgaqouv" ajgaqav" ajgaqav


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Chapter 9 page 5

Adjective Positions (#9.11-13)


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Chapter 10 page 1

Chapter 10

A Walk Through (#10.7)

nom sg sark + " savrx

gen sg sark + o" sarkov"

dat sg sark + i sarki

acc sg sark + a savrka

nom pl sark + e" savrke"

gen pl sark + wn sarkw'n

dat pl sark + si(n) sarxi(n)acc pl sark + a" savrka"


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Chapter 10 page 2

Master Case Ending Chart (#10.10)

1st/2nd declension 3rd declension

masc fem neut masc/ fem

neut

nom sg " - n " -

gen sg u " u o" o"dat sg i i i i i

acc sg n n n a/n -

nom pl i i a e" a

gen pl wn wn wn wn wn

dat pl i" i" i" si(n) si(n)

acc pl u" " a a" a


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Chapter 10 page 3

Rule 7: Square of Stops (#10.13, 16)

Labial p b fVelar k g c

Dental t d q

Labial + s y

Velar + s x

Dental + s s


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Chapter 10 page 4

Rule 8 (#10.18)

A tau cannot stand at the end of

a word and will drop off.

o[nomat


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Chapter 10 page 5

Please!

No More Quizzes!


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Chapter 11 page 1

Chapter 11

First and Second Person

Personal Pronouns (#11.6)

first second translation

nom sg ejgwv suv I you

gen sg mou sou my your

dat sg moi soi to me to you

acc sg me se me you

nom pl hJmei" uJmei" we you

gen pl hJmw'n uJmw'n our your

dat pl hJmin uJmin us you

acc pl hJma'" uJma'" us you


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Chapter 12 page 1

Chapter 12

Third Person Personal Pronoun (#12.3)

2 1 2

masc fem neut translation

nom sg aujtov" aujthv aujtov he she it

gen sg aujtou' aujth'" aujtou' his her its

dat sg aujtw/' aujth/' aujtw/' to him to her to it

acc sg aujtovn aujthvn aujtov him her it

nom pl aujtoiv aujtaiv aujtav they

gen pl aujtw'n aujtw'n aujtw'n their

dat pl aujtoi'" aujtai'" aujtoi'" to them

acc pl aujtouv" aujtav" aujtav them


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Chapter 12 page 2

Three Uses ofaujtov" (#12.12)

use comment translation

1. Pronoun Non-intensive. he, she , it

2. Adj. intensive Usually predicate position. him/her/itself

Normally in the nominative.

3. Identical adj. Usually attributive position. same

1. aujto;" levgei ...2. to;n Ihsou'n aujtovn

Ihsou'" aujtov" ....

3. oJ aujto;" Ihsou'" ...


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Chapter 13 page 1

Chapter 13

ou|to" (#13.4)

masc fem neut

nom sg ou|to" au{th tou'to

gen sg touvtou tauvth" touvtou

dat sg touvtw/ tauvth/ touvtw/

acc sg tou'ton tauvthn tou'to

nom pl ou|toi au|tai tau'ta

gen pl touvtwn touvtwn touvtwn

dat pl touvtoi" tauvtai" touvtoi"

acc pl touvtou" tauvta" tau'ta


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Chapter 13 page 2

eeeejjjjkkkkeeeeiiiinnnnoooo"""" (#13.5)

masc fem neutnom sg ejkeino" ejkeinh ejkeino

gen sg ejkeinou ejkeinh" ejkeinou

dat sg ejkeinw/ ejkeinh/ ejkeinw/

acc sg ejkeinon ejkeinhn ejkeino

nom pl ejkeinoi ejkeinai ejkeina

gen pl ejkeinwn ejkeinwn ejkeinwn

dat pl ejkeinoi" ejkeinai" ejkeinoi"acc pl ejkeinou" ejkeina" ejkeina


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Chapter 14 page 1

Chapter 14

Relative Pronoun (#14.7)

2 1 2

masc fem neut translation

nom sg o{" h{ o{ who/which/that

gen sg ou| h|" ou| of whom/which

dat sg w/| h/| w/| to whom/which

acc sg o{n h{n o{ whom/which/that

nom pl oi{ ai{ a{ who/which/that

gen pl w|n w|n w|n of whom/which

dat pl oi|" ai|" oi|" to whom/which

acc pl ou{" a{" a{ whom/which/that


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Chapter 15 page 1

Chapter 15

Agreement (#15.3) Subject and verb mustagree in person andnumber.

Person (#15.4) First: I, We

Second: YouThird: He/She/It, They

Number (#15.5) Singular

Plural


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Chapter 15 page 2

Aspect (#15.6-7) Continuous

Undefined

Perfect

Undefined vs. Punctiliar

Tense (#15.11) Present

Future

Past

Time (#15.11)

Voice (#15.12) Active

Middle

Passive

Mood (#15.13) Indicative


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Chapter 15 page 3

Parts of the Verb (#15.16-18)

luv o men

Stem (#15.16)

Personal ending (#15.18)

Connecting vowel (#15.17)


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Chapter 16 page 1

Chapter 16

Present Active Indicative (#16.3,10)

Present Tense Stem +

Connecting Vowel +

Primary Active Personal Endings

lu + o + men luvomen

form translation c.v. p.e.

1 sg luv w I am loosing o -

2 sg luv ei" You are loosing e "

3 sg luv ei He/she/it is loosing e i

1 pl luv omen We are loosing o men2 pl luv ete You are loosing e te

3 pl luv ousi(n) They are loosing o nsi


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Chapter 16 page 2

First of Four Endings (#16.12)

luvw (-)

luvei" (")

luvei (i)

luvomen (men)luvete (te)

luvousi(n) (nsi)

secondary tenses

activevoice

midd

le/passivevoice

primary tenses


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Chapter 16 page 3

Master Verb Chart

Tense Aug/ Tense Tense Conn. Personal 1st sing

Redup stem form. vowel endings paradigm

Present act pres o/e prim act luvw


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Chapter 16 page 4

Do You Feel Like You Are Sinking?

Hang In There!

DANGER!Greek Quicksand


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Chapter 17 page 1

Chapter 17

Five Rules of Contraction (#17.4)

1. ou is formed by eo, oe, and oo.

2. ei is formed by ee.3. w is formed from almost any

combination of omicron or

omega with any other vowel,

except for rule #1.

4. a is formed from ae

5. h is formed from ea.


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Chapter 17 page 2

Alternate Rules of Contraction (####17.8)

1. Two like vowels form their common longvowel.

2. Exception: When e and e contract theyform ei, and when o and o contract they

form ou.

3. An o or w will overcome an a, e, or hregardless of their order, and form w.

4. Exception: When an e and o contractthey form ou, regardless of their order.

5. If an acomes before an e or an h, theywill contract to an a.

If an e or an h comes before an a, theywill contract to an h.


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Chapter 17 page 3

Contractions (#17.10-11)

aaaa eeee hhhh iiii uuuu oooo wwww

aaaa a a a ai au w w

eeee h eeeeiiii h ei eu oooouuuu w

oooo w oooouuuu w oi ou oooouuuu w

aaaaiiii/aaaa//// eeeeiiii eeeeiiii hhhh//// ooooiiii oooouuuu wwww//// aaaa a/ a/ a a/ w/ w w/

eeee h/ ei ei h/ oi ou w/

oooo w/ oi ou oi oi ou w


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Chapter 18 page 1

Chapter 18

Present Passive Indicative (#18.4)


Connecting Vowel +

Primary Passive Personal Endings

lu + o + mai luvomai


1 sg luv o mai I am being loosed o mai

2 sg luv h/ You are being loosed e sai

3 sg luv e tai He/she/it is being loosed e tai

1 pl lu ov meqa We are being loosed o meqa2 pl luv e sqe You are being loosed e sqe

3 pl luv o ntai They are being loosed o ntai


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Chapter 18 page 2

Second of Four Endings (#18.6)

luvw (-)

luvei" (")

luvei (i)


luvousi(n) (nsi)

secondary tenses

activevoice

luvomai (mai)luvh/ (sai)

luvetai (tai)

luovmeqa (meqa)

luvesqe (sqe)

luvontai (ntai)middle

/passivevoice

primary tenses


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Chapter 18 page 3

Present Middle Indicative (#18.10-11)


Connecting Vowel +


erc + o + mai e[rcomai

form definition c.v. p.e.

1 sg e[rc o mai I come o mai2 sg e[rc h/ You come e sai

3 sg e[rc e tai He/she/it come e tai

1 pl ejrc ov meqa We come o meqa2 pl e[rc e sqe You come e sqe

3 pl e[rc o ntai They come o ntai


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Chapter 18 page 4

Master Verb Chart




Present mid/pas pres o/e prim mid/pas luvomai


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Chapter 19 page 1

Chapter 19

Future Active Indicative (#19.4,9)

Future Active Tense Stem +

Tense Formative (s) + Connecting Vowel +


lu + s + o + men luvsomen

form definition c.v. p.e.

1 sg luv s w I will loose o -

2 sg luv s ei" You will loose e "

3 sg luv s ei He/she/it will loose e i

1 pl luv s omen We will loose o men2 pl luv s ete You will loose e te

3 pl luv s ou'si(n) They will loose o nsi


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Chapter 19 page 2

Future Middle Indicative (#19.14,15)


Tense Formative (s) + Connecting Vowel +


poreu + s + o + mai poreuvsomai


1 sg poreuv s o mai I will go o mai2 sg poreuv s h/ You will go e sai

3 sg poreuv s e tai He/she/it will go e tai

1 pl poreu s ov meqa We will go o meqa

2 pl poreuv s e sqe You will go e sqe3 pl poreuv s o ntai They will go o ntai


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Chapter 19 page 3

Master Verb Chart





Future act fut act s o/e prim act luvsw

Future mid fut act s o/e prim mid/pas ejleuvsomai


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Chapter 20 page 1

Chapter 20

Verbal Root and Stem (#20.2-3)

VerbalRoot

Present

ste

m

Futur

es

tem

Imperfect

ste

m

Aoris

ts

tem

Perfect

ste

m


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Chapter 20 page 2

Liquid Future Active (#20.16-17)


Tense Formative (es) + Connecting Vowel +


krin + es + o + men krinou'men

form translation

1 sg krinw' I will judge eso -

2 sg krinei" You willjudge ese "3 sg krinei He/she/it willjudge ese i

1 pl krinou'men We willjudge eso men

2 pl krineite You willjudge ese te3 pl krinou'si(n) They willjudge eso nsi


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Chapter 20 page 3

Liquid Future Middle (#20.18-19)


Tense Formative (es) + Connecting Vowel +


krin + es + o + meqa krinouvmeqa

form translation

1 sg krinou'mai I willjudge eso mai2 sg krinh'/ You willjudge ese sai

3 sg krineitai He/she/it willjudge ese tai

1 pl krinouvmeqa We willjudge eso meqa

2 pl krineisqe You willjudge ese sqe3 pl krinou'ntai They willjudge eso ntai


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Chapter 20 page 4

Master Verb Chart






Liquid fut act fut act es o/e prim act krinw'



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Chapter 21 page 1

Chapter 21

Imperfect Active (#21.6-7)

Augment + Present Active Tense Stem +

Connecting Vowel +

Secondary Active Personal Endings

ej + lu + o + men ejluvomen


1 sg e[ lu o n I was loosing o n

2 sg e[ lu e " You were loosing e "

3 sg e[ lu e(n) He/she/it was loosing e -(n)

1 pl ej luv o men We were loosing o men2 pl ej luv e te You were loosing e te

3 pl e[ lu o n They were loosing o n


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Chapter 21 page 2

Imperfect Middle/Passive (#21.8-9)

Augment + Present Passive Tense Stem +

Connecting Vowel +

Secondary Passive Personal Endings

ej + lu + o + mhn ejluvomhn


1 sg ej lu ov mhn I was being loosing o mhn2 sg ej luv o u You were loosing e so

3 sg ej luv e to He/she/it was loosing e to

1 pl ej lu ov meqa We were loosing o meqa

2 pl ej luv e sqe You were loosing e sqe3 pl ej luv o nto They were loosing o nto


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Chapter 21 page 3

Final Four Endings (#21.14)

luvw (-)

luvei" (")

luvei (i)


luvousi(n) (nsi)

secondary tenses

acti

vevoice

luvomai (mai)luvh/ (sai)

luvetai (tai)

luovmeqa (meqa)

luvesqe (sqe)

luvontai (ntai)midd

le/passivevoice

e[luon (n)

e[lue" (")

e[lue(n) (-)

ejluvomen (men)ejluvete (te)

e[luon (n)

primary tenses

ejluvomhn (mhn)ejluvou (so)

ejluveto (to)

ejluovmeqa (meqa)

ejluvesqe (sqe)

ejluvonto (nto)


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Chapter 21 page 4

Master Verb Chart





Imperfect act e pres o/e sec act e[luon

Imperfect mid/pas e pres o/e sec mid/pas ejluovmhn





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Chapter 22 page 1

Chapter 22

Second Aorist Active (#22.4)

Augment + Aorist Active Tense Stem +

Connecting Vowel +


ej + lab + o + men ejlavbomen


1 sg e[ lab o n I took o n

2 sg e[ lab e " You took e "

3 sg e[ lab e(n) He/she/it took e -(n)

1 pl ej lavb o men We took o men2 pl ej lavb e te You took e te

3 pl e[ lab o n They took o n


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Chapter 22 page 2

Second Aorist Middle (#22.13)


Connecting Vowel +


ej + gen + o + mhn ejgenovmhn


1 sg ej gen ov mhn I became o mhn2 sg ej gevn o u You became e so

3 sg ej gevn e to He/she/it became e to

1 pl ej gen ov meqa We became o meqa

2 pl ej gevn e sqe You became e sqe3 pl ej gevn o nto They became o nto


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Chapter 22 page 3

Master Verb Chart










2nd aorist act e aor act o/e sec act e[labon

2nd aorist mid e aor act o/e sec mid/pas ejgenovmhn


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Chapter 23 page 1

Chapter 23

First Aorist Active (#23.3)


Tense Formative (sa) +


ej + lu + sa + men ejluvsamen

form translation t.f. p.e.

1 sg e[ lu sa I loosed sa -

2 sg e[ lu sa " You loosed sa "

3 sg e[ lu se(n) He/she/it loosed se -(n)

1 pl ej luv sa men We loosed sa men2 pl ej luv sa te You loosed sa te

3 pl e[ lu sa n They loosed sa n


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Chapter 23 page 2

Liquid Aorists (#23.12-13)


Tense Formative (a) +


ej + mein + a + men ejmeinamen


1 sg e[ mein a I remained a -2 sg e[ mein a " You remained a "

3 sg e[ mein e (n) He/she/it remained e -(n)

1 pl ej mein a men We remained a men

2 pl ej mein a te You remained a te3 pl e[ mein a n They remained a n


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Chapter 23 page 3

First Aorist Middle (#23.15-16)




ej + lu + sa + mhn ejlusavmhn


1 sg ej lu sav mhn I loosed sa mhn2 sg ej luv s w You loosed sa so

3 sg ej luv sa to He/she/it loosed sa to

1 pl ej lu sav meqa We loosed sa meqa

2 pl ej luv sa sqe You loosed sa sqe3 pl ej luv sa nto They loosed sa nto


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Chapter 23 page 4

Master Verb Chart








Liquid fut act fut act es o/e prim act krinw'Future mid fut act s o/e prim mid/pas ejleuvsomai

1st aorist act e aor act sa sec act e[lusa

Liquid aorist act e aor act a sec act e[meina


1st aorist mid e aor act sa sec mid/pas ejluvsamhn



81/116

Chapter 24 page 1

Chapter 24

First Aorist Passive (#24.3)

Augment + Aorist Passive Tense Stem +

Tense Formative (qh) +


ej + lu + qh + n ejluvqhn


1 sg ej luv qh n I was loosed qh n

2 sg ej luv qh " You were loosed qh "

3 sg ej luv qh He/she/it was loosed qh -

1 pl ej luv qh men We were loosed qh men2 pl ej luv qh te You were loosed qh te

3 pl ej lu qh san They were loosed qh san


82/116

Chapter 24 page 2

Second Aorist Passive (#24.10)

Augment + Aorist Passive Tense Stem +

Tense Formative (h) +


ej + graf + h + men ejgravfhmen


1 sg ej gravf h n I was written h mhn2 sg ej gravf h " You were written h so

3 sg ej gravf h He/she/it was written h to

1 pl ej gravf h men We were written h meqa

2 pl ej gravf h te You were written h sqe3 pl ej gravf h san They were written h nto


83/116

Chapter 24 page 3

First Future Passive (#24.12)

Aorist Passive Tense Stem (without augment) +

Tense Formative (qhs) + Connecting Vowel +


lu + qhs + o + mai luqhvsomai

form translation t.f.+c.v. p.e.

1 sg lu qhvs o mai I will be loosed qhso mai

2 sg lu qhvs h/ You will be loosed qhse sai

3 sg lu qhvs e tai He/she/it will be loosed qhse tai

1 pl lu qhs ov meqa We will be loosed qhso meqa

2 pl lu qhvs esqe You will be loosed qhse sqe3 pl lu qhvs o ntai They will be loosed qhso ntai


84/116

Chapter 24 page 4

Second Future Passive (#24.15)

Aorist Passive Tense Stem (without augment) +

Tense Formative (hs) + Connecting Vowel +


ajpostal + hs + o + mai ajpostalhvsomai

form translation p.e.

1 sg ajpostal hvs o mai I will be sent mai

2 sg ajpostal hvs h/ You will be sent sai

3 sg ajpostal hvs e tai He/she/it will be sent tai

1 pl ajpostal hs ov meqa We were written meqa

2 pl ajpostal hvs e sqe You were written sqe3 pl ajpostal hvs o ntai They were written ntai


85/116

Chapter 24 page 5

Master Verb Chart








Liquid fut act fut act es o/e prim act krinw'Future mid fut act s o/e prim mid/pas ejleuvsomai

1st future pas aor pas qhs o/e prim mid/pas luqhvsomai

2nd future pas aor pas hs o/e prim mid/pas ajpostalhvsomai






1st aorist pas e aor pas qh sec act ejluvqhn

2nd aorist pas e aor pas h sec act ejgravfhn


86/116

Chapter 25 page 1

Chapter 25

Perfect Active (#25.4)

Reduplication + Perfect Active Tense Stem +

Tense Formative (ka) +


l + e + lu + ka + men leluvkamen


1 sg lev lu ka I have loosed ka -

2 sg lev lu ka " You have loosed ka "

3 sg lev lu ke (n) He/she/it have loosed ke -(n)

1 pl le luv ka men We have loosed ka men2 pl le luv ka te You have loosed ka te

3 pl le luv ka si(n) They have loosed ka si(n)


87/116

Chapter 25 page 2

Perfect (Middle/Passive) (#25.5)

Reduplication +

Perfect Middle/Passive Tense Stem +


l + e + lu + mai levlumai

form translation p.e.

1 sg lev lu mai I have been loosed mai

2 sg lev lu sai You have been loosed sai

3 sg lev lu tai He/she/it have been loosed tai

1 pl le luv meqa We have been loosed meqa

2 pl lev lu sqe You have been loosed sqe3 pl lev lu ntai They have been loosed ntai


88/116

Chapter 25 page 3

Reduplication of Stops (#25.6)

p b f pe

k g c ket d q te


89/116

Chapter 25 page 4

Master Verb Chart (#25.19)










1st future pas aor pas qhs o/e prim mid/pas luqhvsomai

2nd future pas aor pas hs o/e prim mid/pas ajpostalhvsomai






1st aorist pas e aor pas qh sec act ejluvqhn

2nd aorist pas e aor pas h sec act ejgravfhn

1st perfect act le perf act ka prim act levluka

2nd perfect act le perf act a prim act gevgona

Perfect mid/pas le perf pas prim mid/pas levlumai


90/116

Chapter 26 page 1

Chapter 26

Participles

Verbal Adjective

Tense: present; aorist; perfect

Voice: active; middle; passiveVerbal modifiers

Case: nom; gen; dat; accNumber:singular; pluralGender: masc; fem; neut


91/116

Chapter 26 page 2

Your Guess

luouvsh/lusavntwn

lelukovto"


92/116

Chapter 27 page 1

Chapter 27

Summary of Participles (#27.1,3)

Guidelines for Present Adverbial

1. Present tense verbal stem

2. Continuous action

3. Related to verb (while + ing)

Present Tense Stem + Connecting Vowel +

Participle Morpheme + Case Endings

pisteu + o + nt + e" pisteuvonte"

masc fem neut

act nt ousa ntmid/pas meno menh meno


93/116

Chapter 27 page 2

Present (Continuous) Active (#27.5)

Present Tense Stem + Connecting Vowel +Active Participle Morpheme + Case Endings

lu + o + nt + e" luvonte

3 1 3

masc fem neut

nom sg luvwn luvousa lu'on

gen sg luvonto" luouvsh" luvonto"

dat sg luvonti luouvsh/ luvonti

acc sg luvonta luvousan lu'on

nom pl luvonte" luvousai luvonta

gen pl luovntwn luousw'n luovntwn

dat pl luvousi(n) luouvsai" luvousi(n)

acc pl luvonta" luouvsa" luvonta

masc fem neut

act nt ousa nt

mid/pas meno menh meno


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Chapter 27 page 3

Present (Continuous) Mid/Pas (#27.7)

Present Tense Stem + Connecting Vowel +


lu + o + meno + " luovmenoi

2 1 2

masc fem neut

nom sg luovmeno" luomevnh luovmenon

gen sg luomevnou luomevnh" luomevnou

dat sg luomevnw/ luomevnh/ luomevnw/

acc sg luovmenon luomevnhn luovmenon

nom pl luovmenoi luovmenai luovmena

gen pl luomevnwn luomevnwn luomevnwn

dat pl luomevnoi" luomevnai" luomevnoi"

acc pl luomevnou" luomevna" luovmena

masc fem neut

act nt ousa nt

mid/pas meno menh meno


95/116

Chapter 27 page 4

Forms You Should Know

Present active: ont, ousa wn ousa ononto" oush" onto"

Present middle/passive: omeno/h omeno" omenh omenonomenou omenh" omenou

Participle Morphemesnt (active)meno/h (middle/passive)


96/116

Chapter 28 page 1

Chapter 28

First Aorist (Undefined) Active (#28.7-8)

Unaugmented Aorist Active Tense Stem +



lu + sa + nt + o" luvsanto"

3 1 3

masc fem neuter

nom sg luvsa" luvsasa lu'san

gen sg luvsanto" lusavsh" luvsanto"

dat sg luvsanti lusavsh/ luvsanti

acc sg luvsanta luvsasan lu'san

nom pl luvsante" luvsasai luvsanta

gen pl lusavntwn lusasw'n lusavntwn

dat pl luvsasi(n) lusavsai" luvsasi(n)

acc pl luvsanta" lusavsa" luvsanta

masc fem neutnom sg sa" sasa san

gen sg santo" sash" santo"


97/116

Chapter 28 page 2

First Aorist (Undefined) Middle (#28.9)

Unaugmented Aorist Middle Tense Stem +



lu + sa + meno + " lusavmeno"

2 1 2

masc fem neuter

nom sg lusavmeno" lusamevnh lusavmenon

gen sg lusamevnou lusamevnh" lusamevnou

dat sg lusamevnw/ lusamevnh/ lusamevnw/

acc sg lusavmenon lusamevnhn lusavmenon

nom pl lusavmenoi lusavmenai lusavmena

gen pl lusamevnwn lusamevnwn lusamevnwn

dat pl lusamevnoi" lusamevnai" lusamevnoi"

acc pl lusamevnou" lusamevna" lusavmena

masc fem neut

nom sg sameno" samenh samenon

gen sg samenou samenh" samenou


98/116

Chapter 28 page 3

First Aorist (Undefined) Passive (#28.10)

Unaugmented Aorist Passive Tense Stem +

Tense Formative (qh) +


lu + qe + nt + o" luqevnto"

3 1 3

masc fem neuter

nom sg luqei" luqei'sa luqevn

gen sg luqevnto" luqeish" luqevnto"

dat sg luqevnti luqeish/ luqevnti

acc sg luqevnta luqei'san luqevn

nom pl luqevnte" luqei'sai luqevnta

gen pl luqevntwn luqeisw'n luqevntwn

dat pl luqei'si(n) luqeisai" luqei'si(n)

acc pl luqevnta" luqeisa" luqevnta

masc fem neut

nom sg qei" qeisa qen

gen sg qento" qeish" qento"


99/116

Chapter 28 page 4

Second Aorist (Undefined) Active (#28.12)

Unaugmented Aorist Active Tense Stem +

Connecting Vowel +


lip + o + nt + o" lipovnte"

3 1 3

masc fem neuter

nom sg lipwvn lipou'sa lipovn

gen sg lipovnto" lipouvsh" lipovnto"

dat sg lipovnti lipouvsh/ lipovnti

acc sg lipovnta lipou'san lipovn

nom pl lipovnte" lipou'sai lipovnta

gen pl lipovntwn lipousw'n lipovntwn

dat pl lipou'si(n) lipouvsai" lipou'si(n)

acc pl lipovntou" lipouvsa" lipovnta

masc fem neut

nom sg wn ousa on

gen sg onto" oush" onto"


100/116

Chapter 28 page 5

Second Aorist (Undefined) Middle (#28.13)

Unaugmented Aorist Middle Tense Stem +

Connecting Vowel +


lip + o + meno + " lipovmeno"

2 1 2

masc fem neuter

nom sg lipovmeno" lipomevnh lipovmenon

gen sg lipomevnou lipomevnh" lipomevnou

dat sg lipomevnw/ lipomevnh/ lipomevnw/

acc sg lipovmenon lipomevnhn lipovmenon

nom pl lipovmenoi lipovmenai lipovmena

gen pl lipomevnwn lipomevnwn lipomevnwn

dat pl lipomevnoi" lipomevnai" lipomevnoi"

acc pl lipomevnou" lipomevna" lipovmena

masc fem neut

nom sg omeno" omenh omenon

gen sg omenou omenh" omenou


101/116

Chapter 28 page 6

Second Aorist (Undefined) Passive (#28.13)

Unaugmented Aorist Passive Tense Stem +

Connecting Vowel +


graf + e + nt + e" grafevnte"

3 1 3

masc fem neuter

nom sg grafei" grafei'sa grafevn

gen sg grafevnto" grafeish" grafevnto"

dat sg grafevnti grafeish/ grafevnti

acc sg grafevnta grafei'san grafevn

nom pl grafevnte" grafei'sai grafevnta

gen pl grafevntwn grafeisw'n grafevntwn

dat pl grafei'si(n) grafeisai" grafei'si(n)

acc pl grafevnta" grafeisa" grafevnta

masc fem neut

nom sg ei" eisa en

gen sg ento" eish" ento"


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Chapter 28 page 7




First aorist active: sant, sasa sa" sasa sansanto" sash" santo"

First aorist middle: sameno/h sameno" samenh samenonsamenou samenh" samenou

First aorist passive: qent, qeisa qei" qeisa qenqento" qeish" qento"

Second aorist active: ont, ousa wn ousa ononto" oush" onto"

Second aorist middle: omeno/h omeno" omenh omenonomenou omenh" omenou

Second aorist passive: eisa, ent ei" eisa enento" eish" ento"

Participle Morphemesnt (active)meno/h (middle/passive)


103/116

Chapter 30 page 1

Chapter 30

Perfect Active (#30.3)

Reduplication + Perfect Tense Stem +

Tense Formative (k) +


le + lu + k + ot + e" lelukovte"

3 1 3

masc fem neuter

nom sg lelukwv" lelukui'a lelukov"

gen sg lelukovto" lelukuiva" lelukovto"

dat sg lelukovti lelukuiva/ lelukovti

acc sg lelukovta lelukui'an lelukov"

nom pl lelukovte" lelukui'ai lelukovta

gen pl lelukovtwn lelukuiw'n lelukovtwn

dat pl lelukovsi(n) lelukuivai" lelukovsi(n)

acc pl lelukovta" lelukuiva" lelukovta

masc fem neutnom sg kw" kuia ko"

gen sg koto" kuia" koto"


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Chapter 30 page 2

Perfect Middle/Passive (#30.4)

Reduplication + Perfect Tense Stem +


le + lu + meno + " lelumevno"

3 1 3

masc fem neuter

nom sg lelumevno" lelumevnh lelumevnon

gen sg lelumevnou lelumevnh" lelumevnou

dat sg lelumevnw/ lelumevnh/ lelumevnw/

acc sg lelumevnon lelumevnhn lelumevnon

nom pl lelumevnoi lelumevnai lelumevna

gen pl lelumevnwn lelumevnwn lelumevnwn

dat pl lelumevnoi" lelumevnai" lelumevnoi"

acc pl lelumevnou" lelumevna" lelumevna

masc fem neut

nom sg meno" menh menon

gen sg menou menh" menou


105/116

Chapter 30 page 3




First aorist active: sant, sasa sa" sasa sansanto" sash" santo"

First aorist middle: sameno/h sameno" samenh samenonsamenou samenh" samenou

First aorist passive: qent, qeisa qei" qeisa qenqento" qeish" qento"

Second aorist active: ont, ousa wn ousa ononto" oush" onto"

Second aorist middle: omeno/h omeno" omenh omenonomenou omenh" omenou

Second aorist passive: eisa, ent ei" eisa enento" eish" ento"

First perfect active: kot, kuia kw" kuia ko"koto" kuia" koto"

First perfect middle/passive: meno/h meno" menh menonmenou menh" menou

Participle Morphemesnt (active)meno/h (middle/passive)ot (perfect active)


106/116

Chapter 32 page 1

Chapter 32

Infinitive (#32.4)

present 1st aorist 2nd aorist perfect

active ein sai ein naimiddle esqai sasqai esqai sqai

passive esqai qhnai hnai sqai

present 1st aorist 2nd aorist perfect

active luvein lu'sai lipei'n lelukevnai

middle luvesqai luvsasqai lipevsqai leluvsqaipassive luvesqai luqh'nai grafh'nai leluvsqai


107/116

Chapter 32 page 2

Uses of the Infinitive (#32.9-13)

1. Substantive

2. Complementary infinitive

3. Articular infintive with preposition

a. diav because

b. eij" in order that

c. ejn when/while

d. metav after

e. prov before

f. prov" in order that

4. Purpose

a. articular infinitive with eij" or prov"b. articular infinitive with article in the genitive

c. infinitive

5. Result


108/116

Chapter 33 page 1

Chapter 33

Imperative (#33.6)

active and aorist passive middle/passive

2 sg - n

3 sg tw sqw2 pl te sqe

3 pl twsan sqwsan

present first aorist translation

active

2 sg lu'e lu'son (You) Loose!3 sg luevtw lusavtw Let him loose!

2 pl luvete luvsate (You) loose!3 pl luevtwsan lusavtwsan Let them loose!

middle

2 sg luvou lu'sai (You) loose for yourself!3 sg luevsqw lusavsqw Let him loose for himself!

2 pl luvesqe luvsasqe (You) loose!3 pl luevsqwsan lusavsqwsan Let them loose!

passive

2 sg luvou luvqhti (You) be loosed!3 sg luevsqw luqhvtw Let him be loosed!

2 pl luvesqe luvqhte (You) be loosed!3 pl luevsqwsan luqhvtwsan Let them be loosed!


109/116

Chapter 34 page 1

Chapter 34

Rule #1 (#34.6)

Rule One:mi verbs reduplicate

their initial stem letter to form the

present, and separate the

reduplicated consonant with an

iota.

i wddw

didwwid


110/116

Chapter 34 page 2

Rule #2 (#34.7)

Rule Two:miverbs do notordinarily use a connecting (i.e.,

thematic) vowel in the

indicative.The personal ending is

added directly to the stem.

di + *do + men didwmen


111/116

Chapter 34 page 3

Rule #3 (#34.8)

Rule 3:miverbs employ threedifferent personal endings in the

present active.

mi verbs thematic conjugation

1 sg didwmi mi luvw -

2 sg didw" " luvei" "

3 sg didwsi(n) si luvei i

1 pl didomen men luvomen men

2 pl didote te luvete te

3 pl didovasi(n) asi luvousi(n) nsi


112/116

Chapter 34 page 4

Rule #4 (#34.9)

Rule Four:the stem vowel ofmiverbs can lengthen, shorten, or

drop out (ablaut).

didwmi

didomen


113/116

Chapter 34 page 5

Rule #5 (#34.10)

Rule Five:Most of themiverbsuse kaas their tense formative in

the aorist.

mi verbs thematic conjugation

1 sg e[dwka e[lusa

2 sg e[dwka" e[lusa"

3 sg e[dwke(n) e[luse(n)

1 pl ejdwvkamen ejluvsamen

2 pl ejdwvkate ejluvsate

3 pl e[dwkan e[lusan


114/116

Chapter 34 page 6

ddddiiiiddddwwwwmmmmiiii in the Indicative (#34.11)

present imperfect future aorist perfect

1 sg didwmi ejdidoun dwvsw e[dwka devdwka

2 sg didw" ejdidou" dwvsei" e[dwka" devdwka"

3 sg didwsi(n) ejdidou dwvsei e[dwke(n) devdwke(n)

1 pl didomen ejdidomen dwvsomen ejdwvkamendedwvkamen

2 pl didote ejdidote dwvsete ejdwvkate dedwvkate

3 pl didovasi(n) ejdidosan dwvsousi(n) e[dwkan devdwkan


115/116

Chapter 34 page 7

Lets Practive

1. dwvsete2. ejdidou"

3. e[dwka

4. didwsin

5. devdwke


116/116

Chapter 35 page 1

Chapter 35

Present Active Indicative (#35.2)

*sta *qe *do *deiknu

1 sg i{sthmi tiqhmi didwmi deiknumi

2 sg i{sth" tiqh" didw" deiknuvei"

3 sg i{sthsi(n) tiqhsi(n) didwsi(n) deiknusi (n)

1 pl i{stamen tiqemen didomen deiknumen2 pl i{state tiqete didote deiknute

3 pl iJsta'si(n) tiqevasi(n) didovasi(n) deiknuvasi(n)

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