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Moving people and goods more effectively in Australian cities. Jack McAuley, BITRE BITRE Transport Colloquium 18 - 19 June 2008. Mode share of urban passenger transport has been fairly stable for decades, until recently. Source: Unpublished BITRE estimates. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Moving people and goods more effectively in Australian cities
Jack McAuley, BITRE
BITRE Transport Colloquium18 - 19 June 2008
Mode share of urban passenger transport has been fairly stable for decades, until recently
Source: Unpublished BITRE estimates
Public transport dominates in some tasks:
• Students and others without licences: e.g. around two thirds of bus users in Vic have no licence (Victoria Dol 2005)
Public transport dominates in some tasks:
• Students and others without licences: e.g. around two thirds of bus users in Vic have no licence (Victoria Dol 2005)
• Trips to and from CBD: e.g. in Sydney approximately 63 per cent of trips to the CBD are by public transport (NSW DoP 2006)
Public transport dominates in some tasks:
• Students and others without licences: e.g. around two thirds of bus users in Vic have no licence (Victoria Dol 2005)
• Trips to and from CBD: e.g. in Sydney approximately 63 per cent of trips to the CBD are by public transport (NSW DoP 2006)
• PT share for more general tasks is constrained by the multipurpose nature of most trips, and low densities
In some cities, public transport has grown in mode share recently
• Brisbane: 7.8% pa growth in PT pkm, 2005-07• Melbourne: 3.4% pa growth in PT pkm, 2005-07
In some cities, public transport has grown in mode share recently
• Brisbane: 7.8% pa growth in PT pkm, 2005-07• Melbourne: 3.4% pa growth in PT pkm, 2005-07• Growth driven by many factors, including:
– petrol price increases– increased road congestion– PT service improvements
In some cities, public transport has grown in mode share recently
• Brisbane: 7.8% pa growth in PT pkm, 2005-07• Melbourne: 3.4% pa growth in PT pkm, 2005-07• Growth driven by many factors, including:
– petrol price increases– increased road congestion– PT service improvements
• Capacity constraints appear to be coming into play
Other forms of transport
• Apparent growth in cycling and walking, as cities become more dense
• Little reliable time-series data on non-motorised transport
Significant growth in public transport translates into only a slowing down of car growth
Source: BITRE (2008)
Brisbane
Significant growth in public transport translates into only a slowing down of car growth
Source: BITRE (2008)
Brisbane
Other approaches to congestion management?
• Pricing: road use, parking, public transport
Other approaches to congestion management?
• Pricing: road use, parking, public transport• Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS): some success in
Australia
Other approaches to congestion management?
• Pricing: road use, parking, public transport• Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS): some success in
Australia• Demand management and direct behavioural change
Other approaches to congestion management?
• Pricing: road use, parking, public transport• Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS): some success in
Australia• Demand management and direct behavioural change• Longer term: planning for increased population density near
public transport
Other approaches to congestion management?
• Pricing: road use, parking, public transport• Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS): some success in
Australia• Demand management and direct behavioural change• Longer term: planning for increased population density near
public transport• Outside of transport policy, future changes in transport costs
including oil price and emission pricing could be important
Truck use is growing faster than car use in cities, as freight growth is driven by GDP growth
Source: BTRE (2003, 2008)
Brisbane
0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
140.00
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
Bill
ion
kilo
met
res
Cars: 1.5% p.a.
Rigid trucks: 2.0% p.a.
Articulated trucks: 4.2% p.a.
Projections
Freight issues
• Though heavy trucks constitute only 4% of urban vkt, because of size and slow acceleration, they have a relatively high impact on congestion
Freight issues
• Though heavy trucks constitute only 4% of urban vkt, because of size and slow acceleration, they have a relatively high impact on congestion
• Uncertainty surrounding growth in light commercial vehicles
Freight issues
• Though heavy trucks constitute only 4% of urban vkt, because of size and slow acceleration, they have a relatively high impact on congestion
• Uncertainty surrounding growth in light commercial vehicles• Possibilities of truck only roads or switch to rail, especially
for port bound traffic
But dispersion of freight destinations means rail is often unsuitable for urban freight
Destinations of containers coming through Port of MelbourneSource: Victoria DOI (2002)
Brisbane
References
BITRE 2008 (forthcoming), Projections of Australian transport emissions to 2020, base case 2007: greenhouse gas emission trends,
BTRE 2003, Urban pollutant emissions from motor vehicles: Australian trends to 2020, final draft report to Environment Australia, http://www.bitre.gov.au/publications/36/Files/ea_btre.pdf
BTRE 2007, Estimating urban traffic and congestion cost trends for Australian cities , Working Paper 71, http://www.btre.gov.au/docs/workingpapers/wp71/wp71.pdf
Department of Infrastructure Victoria 2002, Port of Melbourne container origin destination study
Department of Infrastructure Victoria 2005, Understanding the market for public transport
NSW Department of Planning 2006, Trip flows into Sydney and other regional cities, http://www.transport.nsw.gov.au/tdc/documents/transfigures-mar2006.pdf
