Mr. Mitchell’s C.P. World History Class

IDEAS AND THE ARTOF THE RENAISSANCE

ST. PETER’S BASILICA IN VATICAN CITY

HUMANISM / VERNACULAR

AN INTELLECTUAL MOVEMENT OF THE RENAISSANCE BASED ON THE STUDY OF THE HUMANITIES, WHICH INCLUDED GRAMMAR, RHETORIC, POETRY, MORAL PHILOSOPHY, AND HISTORY–THE LANGUAGE OF EVERYDAY SPEECH IN A PARTICULAR REGION

FRESCO / PERSPECTIVE

PAINTING DONE ON FRESH, WET PLASTER WITH WATER-BASED PAINTSARTISTIC TECHNIQUES USED TO GIVE THE EFFECT OF 3-DIMENSIONAL DEPTH TO 2-DIMENSIONAL SURFACES

What characterized the Renaissance? Where was this the most noticeable? Secularism and

Emphasis on the Individual

Intellectual and artistic accomplishments of the period

How did this impact education?

• The humanities were created of Humanism’s basis of studying the classics (Greece and Rome)

• The Humanities include Grammar, Rhetoric, poetry, moral philosophy, history

How did Humanist writers and artists views differ from writers in the Middle Ages?

• Medieval writers had quoted the surviving classical texts in order to give authority to their religious writings

• Humanists wanted to use classical values to revitalize their culture.

• They saw the ancient Greek and Roman writers as their intellectual equals.

  Known as the father of

Italian Renaissance humanism

He looked for forgotten Latin manuscripts and set in motion a search for similar manuscripts in monastic libraries throughout Europe.

Petrarch also began the humanist emphasis on using pure classical Latin.

Who was Francisco Petrarch? Identify two things that he looked to accomplish in aspect of Latin?

Byzantine scholars provided knowledge of the ancient Greek language

Islamic scholars served as transmitters of ancient Greek culture.

What role did Byzantine and Islamic cultures have in the development of Humanism?

Who wrote the Divine Comedy and The Book of the City of Ladies? Briefly state the main

idea of each of these books? Why were these books written in vernacular? --------- DIVINE

COMEDY

*Dante Alighieri *The Divine Comedy

is a long poem describing the soul's journey to attain Paradise.

DANTE’S DEATH MASK

* Who wrote the Divine Comedy and The Book of the City of Ladies? Briefly state the main

idea of each of these books? Why were these books written in vernacular? ---------

THE BOOK OF THE CITY OF LADIES

*Christine de Pizan*Pizan denounced the

many male writers who had argued that women, by their very nature, are unable to learn – she said that women could attain learning as well as men if they could attend the same schools

So more people could read and understand them

In de Pizan’s view, which do you think deserves more credit: a strong body or a strong mind? Explain

A Strong MindDe Pizan argues

that a person’s gender does not determine his or her ability

Why was de Pizan’s assertion that women “have minds that are freer and sharper whenever they apply themselves” such groundbreaking idea during the Renaissance?

Even though the Renaissance was a time of humanism – women were still considered to be les intelligent than men – De Pizan insistence that women should have equal access to education is a pioneering concept

Some people believe weakness in one area indicates weakness in another: Others say weakness in one area often means strength in another. Which would de Pizan favor?

De Pizan seemed to favor compensation, that is, weakness in on area means strength in another area

According to Humanist of the time period, what was essential for all people to learn? Identify at least three reasons why this was important for people to learn the liberal arts and humanities?

O To learn Liberal Studies (Liberal Arts) history, ethics, public speaking, grammar, logic, poetry, mathematics, astronomy, and music

O Liberal studies enabled individuals to reach their full potential.

O The purpose of a liberal education was to produce individuals who follow a path of virtue and wisdom.

O Humanist educators thought that education was a practical preparation for life. Its aim was to create well-rounded citizens, not great scholars.

Who pioneered movable type? How did this invention helped to change the world? Johannes

Gutenberg As the number of

printing presses multiplied, the effects of new technology were felt in every area of European life.

What were artists and sculptors attempting to

create during the Italian Renaissance? How was art changing because of their art?

Renaissance artists sought to imitate nature. They wanted viewers to be convinced of the reality of their subjects.

These artists were developing a new, human-focused worldview. To emphasize this, many artists painted the human body.

Who was Tommaso di Giovanni also known as Massaccio? What were two major things that he was able to do

with his paintings? His frescoes are the first

masterpieces of Early Renaissance

Human figures in medieval paintings look flat, but Masaccio's figures have depth and "come alive."

By mastering the laws of perspective, Masaccio could create the illusion of three dimensions, leading to a new, realistic style.

Masaccio’s Paintings

The Tribute Money

What were two major developments used by Florentine Painters during

the 15th Century?

One development stressed the technical side of painting

Investigation of movement and human anatomy.

Figures who defined the Artistic Aspect of

the Italian Renaissance

Lorenzo De Medici

“The Magnificent” – clever politician Generous patron of the artsRepresented the Renaissance IdealPATRON - A person who provides financial support for the arts

Medici family Coat of Arms

Some interesting facts about Lorenzo De Medici He constantly desired

gloryHe got very angry with

anyone who equaled himHe wanted to equal and

compete with all princesHe founded a university in

PisaHis gifts caused his

expenses to multiplyHe was on the verge of

bankruptcy and borrowed money from his friends

Sandro BotticelliFirst Major Artistic Genius under Lorenzo De MediciHis art often is said to epitomize the first modern views of the spirit of the RenaissancePainted the first major works of art that defined the Italian Renaissance

Adoration of the Magi

Painted (1475-1476)

La Primevera

Painted (1477-78)

What city-state was Lorenzo de Medici from?

SienaModenaNaplesFlorenceThe Papal States

Leonardo Da Vinci (1452-1519)

Quotes from Leonardo Da Vinci“All of our knowledge has its origins in our perceptions” “Wisdom is the daughter of experience” “The greatest deception men suffer is from their own opinions”“The worst evil which can befall the artist is that his work should appear good in his own eyes”“It had long since come to my attention that people of accomplishment rarely sat back and let things happen to them – they went out and happened to things”

Leonardo Da Vinci

Renaissance artists who made legendary works of art which included the Mona Lisa and the Last SupperHis talents extended past just painting – he encompassed a number of areas which included botany, anatomy, optics, music, architecture and engineeringHE IS KNOWN AS THE RENAISSANCE MAN BECAUSE HE HAD A WIDE RANGE OF TALENT IN MANY AREAS

List 4 of Leonardo’s Traits

that Vasiri praised? Personal Beauty Grace Ability in many fields Personal Strength Charm

ACCORDING TO VASIRI, WHY DID LEONARDO OFTEN FAIL TO FINISH

MANY THINGS.

Leonardo felt that his hands could not execute his mind’s creative ideas

Madonna and Child

By Berlinger Lucca (1228??) By Da Vinci (1508)

Vitruvian Man (1490)

How did Da Vinci’s attention to anatomy reflect Renaissance ideals? His sketches reflected

the Renaissance impulse to portray the human figure and the natural world more realistically than had been accomplished in the past

This intense study is shown in the Realism of the Mona Lisa

Why was the prior at Santa Maria Delle Grazie church upset with Leonardo? He wanted

Leonardo to work faster

Leonardo explained that people of genius are really doing the most when they are working the least since they are thinking through artistic ideas and perfecting concepts

*LEONARDO DIED BELIEVING THAT HE HAD OFFENDED GOD AND MAN BY NOT USING HIS TALENTS TO THE FULLEST. --- WHY DO YOU THINK HE FELT THIS WAY? DO YO AGREE WITH HIM?

MICHELANGELO (1475-1564)

Michelangelo

Full Name – Michelangelo BuonarrotiHe was a genius, sculptor, engineer, painter, architect and poetHe created a number of masterpieces including designing the dome of the St. Peter’s Cathedral and the drawing of the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel

Michelangelo’s Pieta (1499)

Pieta (1547-1555)

DAVID – BY MICHELANGELO (1504)

The Dome ofSt. Peter’s Basilica

Designed in (1547)

PALAZZO VECCHIO

BATTLE OF CASCINA BY MICHELANGELO

BAT TLE OF ANG HIAR IBY L E ONARDO DA V INCI

Raphael --1483-1520

Full name Raphael Santi (Urbino) Legendary artists who blended Christian and classical stylesHe is most known for his tender portrayals of the madonna as well as his painting the School of Athens

Madonna and Child by Raphael

(1502-3)

The Transfiguration by Raphael

(1516-1520)