Mr. ViolantiFall, 2013

John Locke: Philosopher, Natural Rights (L,L,P)Montesquieu: Separation of Powers, 3 branchRousseau: Social ContractVoltaire: Freedom of SpeechZenger: accused of seditious libel in NYIroquois Confederacy: S.C.O.O.M.Plymouth Colony: Massachusetts, Religious French and Indian War: England defeats France

in War fought in America.New England Colonies: Focus on religion,

shippingMiddle Colonies: “Breadbasket” ColoniesSouthern Colonies: Cash Crops, SlaveryTriangular Trade: Europe, America, Africa

Middle Passage: nickname for slave trade route to the New World.

Democracy: People decide, voting.Republic: Representatives decide after being

elected.Mayflower Compact: 1620, Pilgrims voted to be

ruled by majority rule.Salutary Neglect: “Healthy Ignoring” of the

colonies by England.Albany Plan of Union: 1754, Franklin’s plan to

have colonies join together against French.Treaty of Paris, 1763: Ended French / Indian War.Proclamation of 1763: prohibited movement past

the Appalachian Mountains.

Sugar Act: 1764 English tax on sugar imports.Stamp Act: required tax on printed documentsNavigation Acts: England regulates Colonial

trade.Townshend Acts: Further taxed colonial trade.Patrick Henry: Led resolutions against Stamp

Act, “Give me liberty or give me death”Samuel Adams: Founder of Sons of LibertyNatural Rights: Life, Liberty, Property.Virginia House of Burgesses: Issued

resolutions of protest against British Taxes and treatment of Colonies. Law Making body of Virginia.

English Colonists make up the early settlers of the United States. Why did they come?1. Religious Reasons (Pilgrims, Puritans)2. Economic Reasons (land, crops, resources)3. Political Reasons (Church of England, land grants from King.)

13 Colonies

First Permanent English Settlement. Tobacco Trade becomes profitable. Jamestown

1. Corporate ColoniesJoint stock to make colonies for profit

2. Proprietary ColoniesIndividuals to colonize and govern themselves

3. Royal ColoniesGovernor appointed by King.

New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut

Mayflower Compact, Plymouth Plantation, Thanksgiving.

Self Government: (Fundamental Orders of Connecticut), Focused on Religion (Puritans)

Church & State worked together: Moral Codes, Witchcraft Laws, Blue Laws.

Good Ports, Rocky soil lead toShipping natural resources instead of farming.

The “Breadbasket Colonies”

New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware

Agriculture, Grains, Iron Works

William Penn, “Penn’s Woods”, Quakers.

Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia.

FARMING, CASH CROPS, PLANTATIONS, SLAVERY.

Tobacco, Cotton, Rice, Indigo

Very different culture begis in the South. Rural life, education not valued.

Virginia House of Burgesses created to make laws and govern (Republic)

England allows the 13 colonies to develop on their own. (Salutary Neglect).

Allowed to pick their own governments, education systems, set up newspapers and press.

Mercantilism is practiced, leads to trade restrictions. (Raw materials, markets)

England and France involved in war.~Europe and New World.

Occupies England, Salutary Neglect of Colonies.

Albany PlanOf Union, 1754

-Lasts 9 years-Iroquois Confederacy assist the

British.-Ends with Treaty of Paris, 1763.

-Creates feeling of Independence for Colonists. **

Braddock, Fort Duquesne

Appalachian Mountains

Stops Colonial MovementPast Appalachian Mts.

1. Ancient Greece: Democracy2. Ancient Rome: Republic3. Magna Carta, Petition of

Right, English Bill of Rights4. Enlightenment: Locke (L,L,P),

Voltaire (Speech), Montesquieu (3 Branches), Rousseau (Contract)

5. Protestant Reformation