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Mrs. G & Ms. Peltz ABCs of Behavior Management

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Principles of Behavior All behaviors are learned All behaviors can be modified Behaviors that increase in duration or frequency are being reinforced Behaviors that decrease in duration or frequency are not reinforced All behaviors have a purpose or serve a function (why?) Controlling the antecedent or the event before the behavior is the best practice in behavior management

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Antecedent- the event that occurs prior to the behavior. Behavior- any action that is observable and measurable Consequence- the result or reaction to the behavior

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Motions of Behavior Setting the Stage: Johan goes shopping with mom at the store. ANTECEDENT Johan picks up a toy and puts it in Moms shopping cart. Mom says, No toys today. BEHAVIOR Johan throws himself to the ground and screams and kicks. CONSEQUENCE Mom removes Johan from the store.

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Control the Antecedent! Take a preventive and proactive approach! If you dont take the child shopping, hes not going to tantrum in the store. Take your child to the store but dont walk down the toy aisle. Before you go to the store, give child rules and set expectations of his behavior! Explain consequences of appropriate and inappropriate behavior and FOLLOW THROUGH!! Read a story about a character in the same scenario (Social Story Intervention) Make the trip short. Over time, increase the duration of the shopping trip. Direct childs attention away from toys like giving him a special job Parents could act out the scenario, I really want this but it cost too much money. Ask the child, what should I do? Child reflect on what is an appropriate response.

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Control the Antecedent! Catch the child being good! Reinforce childs appropriate behavior by giving a powerful reinforcer like verbal praise. Youre walking so nicely. Youre doing a good job listening. Figure out what is really reinforcing and what works for your child. Point out other children modeling appropriate behavior. Point out other children who are engaging in inappropriate behavior. Ask your child is that the right thing to do? Remind child of the rules, expectations, and consequences throughout shopping trip

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Visual Supports Create First, Then chart remind child of the reinforcer.

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The 5 Functions of Behaviors 1. Tangible: wanting an item Johan wants a toy. He kicks and screams. 2. Escape: wanting to avoid or escape a task Johans mom wants him to clean up. He runs away. 3. Attention: seeking recognition Johans mom is busy talking on the phone. Johans angrily yells at his mom to play with him. 4. Sensory: self-stimulation of the body Johan and his mom go on a walk. Johan flaps his arms. 5. Medical: illness or underlying pains Johan has an ear infection. Johan cries.

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Whats the function of the behavior? Tangible, Escape, Attention, Sensory, Medical? Johan hears the ice cream truck. Johan screams at his mom. Give me ice cream! Johans mom is busy changing the babys diaper. Johan throws toys at the wall. Johan says, I feel hot. Johan goes to the carpet and lies down. Johans mom is preparing a bath. Johan hides under his bed. Johan is in the bathroom splashing water in the sink for 10 minutes.

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How to Modify Behavior? Know the function, know how to address the behavior!

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Scenario 1: Tangible Mom denies him access to the toy (tangible). The tantrum behavior is NOT Reinforced when mom removes Johan from the store. The purpose or function of the behavior is unfulfilled. Therefore, future occurrences of Johans tantrum behavior will DECREASE. This will be difficult for Johan and mom at first because Johan always gets what he wants. Johan will cry and scream for 30 minutes. Once Johan is done crying and screaming, reinforce Johans calm behavior through verbal praise, then calmly explain to Johan how to appropriately behave and that we will try again. Reward Johan with a toy ONLY if he earns it by meeting a goal or expectation you set. ALWAYS reinforce APPROPRIATE BEHAVIOR! Antecedent Mom says, No Toys. when Johan puts a toy in the shopping cart. Behavior Johans throws himself on the floor and screams and kicks. Consequence Johans mom removes him from the store.

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Scenario 2: Tangible Mom gives him access to the toy (tangible). The tantrum behavior is being reinforced when mom gives the item. The purpose of the behavior is being fulfilled. Therefore, future occurrences of Johans tantrum behavior will INCREASE. Antecedent Mom says, No Toys. when Johan puts a toy in the shopping cart. Behavior Johans throws himself on the floor and screams and kicks. Consequence Johans mom buys him the toy.

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With reinforcement, Behaviors increase. With no reinforcement, Behaviors decrease.

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ESCAPE Mom gives Johan attention by bringing him back to clean when he runs away (escape). The escape behavior is NOT being reinforced when mom brings him back to clean up the toys. The purpose of the behavior is unfulfilled. Therefore future occurrences of Johans escape behavior will DECREASE. Antecedent Mom wants Johan to clean up his toys Behavior Johans runs away from his mom. Consequence Mom brings Johan back to his toys to clean up

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ATTENTION Mom ignores Johan by continuing to talk on the phone when he is angrily yelling at her to play (Attention). The yelling behavior is NOT being reinforced with mom ignoring Johan. The purpose of the behavior is unfulfilled. Therefore future occurrences of Johans yelling behavior will DECREASE. Antecedent Mom is busy talking on the phone. Behavior Johans angrily yells at his mom to play with him. Consequence Mom continues to talk on the phone.

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SENSORY Mom redirects Johan by having him use a Competing Behavior when Johan flaps his arms (Sensory). Antecedent Mom and Johan go for a walk. Behavior Johans flaps his arms. Consequence Mom redirects him to put his hands in his pocket.

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Summary to Decreasing Inappropriate Behavior Tangible: Deny Access Escape: Give Attention Attention: Ignore Sensory: Competing Behavior

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Want more information? Email me at mpeltz100@gmail.commpeltz100@gmail.com Bridging The Gap: A Curriculum for Supporting your Young Learner with Autism