Ms. Susan M. PojerMs. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NYHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

Ms. Susan M. PojerMs. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NYHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

With great edits by your dedicated KIS teachers!!!

After the Civil War (1861-After the Civil War (1861-1865) ended, what 1865) ended, what should should

have been have been the responsibility the responsibility of the U.S. government?of the U.S. government?

Key QuestionsKey Questions

1. How do we1. How do webring the Southbring the Southback into the back into the

Union?Union?

1. How do we1. How do webring the Southbring the Southback into the back into the

Union?Union?

2. How do we 2. How do we rebuild the rebuild the

South after itsSouth after itsdestruction destruction

during the war?during the war?

2. How do we 2. How do we rebuild the rebuild the

South after itsSouth after itsdestruction destruction

during the war?during the war?

3. How do we3. How do weintegrate andintegrate andprotect newly-protect newly-emancipatedemancipated

black freedmen?black freedmen?

3. How do we3. How do weintegrate andintegrate andprotect newly-protect newly-emancipatedemancipated

black freedmen?black freedmen?

4. What branch4. What branchof governmentof governmentshould controlshould controlthe process ofthe process of

Reconstruction?Reconstruction?

4. What branch4. What branchof governmentof governmentshould controlshould controlthe process ofthe process of

Reconstruction?Reconstruction?

13th Amendment13th Amendment Ratified in December, 1865.

Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States or any place subject to their jurisdiction.

Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

People like Rep. Thaddeus People like Rep. Thaddeus Stevens & Sen. Charles Stevens & Sen. Charles Sumner (MA) supported Sumner (MA) supported

land reform land reform What is that???What is that???

BTW, they were in the minorityBTW, they were in the minority

President Andrew Johnson

President Andrew Johnson How did he become

President?

Southern Democrat.

White Supremacist.

Agreed with Lincolnthat states had neverlegally left the Union.

Damn the negroes! I am fighting these traitorous aristocrats, their masters!

Slavery is Dead?Slavery is Dead?

LET Freedom Ring?LET Freedom Ring?

• Read p. 405/406 on Black CodesRead p. 405/406 on Black Codes

• Compare the lives of freed people Compare the lives of freed people under the Black Codes with their under the Black Codes with their former lives as slaves.former lives as slaves.

Black CodesBlack CodesPurpose:

* Guarantee stable labor supply now that blacks were emancipated.

* Restore pre-emancipationsystem of race relations.

Forced many blacks to become sharecroppers [tenant farmers].

“The Radical Republicans” v. the President

“The Radical Republicans” v. the President

BIG CHANGES…FOR A FEW YEARS

14th Amendment14th AmendmentRatified in July, 1868.

* Provide a constitutional guarantee of the rights and security of freed people.

* Insure against neo-Confederate political power.

* Enshrine the national debt while repudiating that of the Confederacy.

Southern states would be punished for denying the right to vote to black citizens!

The Balance of Power in Congress

The Balance of Power in Congress

State White Citizens Freedmen

SC 291,000 411,000

MS 353,000 436,000

LA 357,000 350,000

GA 591,000 465,000

AL 596,000 437,000

VA 719,000 533,000

NC 631,000 331,000

SharecroppingSharecropping

Establishment of Historically Black Colleges in the South

Establishment of Historically Black Colleges in the South

15th Amendment15th Amendment Ratified in 1870.

The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

The Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.

Women’s rights groups were furious that they were not granted the vote!

Black Senate & House Delegates

Black Senate & House Delegates

The “Invisible Empire of the South”

The “Invisible Empire of the South”

What is the Ku Klux Klan (KKK)? What is the Ku Klux Klan (KKK)?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GOhUfdL0ifM

Northern Support for RECONSTRUCTION Wanes

Northern Support for RECONSTRUCTION Wanes

“Other fish to fry…”

Corruption in the gov’t

Panic of 1873 [6-year $$$depression].

Concern over westwardexpansion and Indian wars.

Other $$$ issues

And finally…a crazy election with a (looking back on it) tragic compromise

1876 Presidential Election

1876 Presidential Election

A Political Crisis: The “Compromise” of 1877A Political Crisis: The “Compromise” of 1877

The “Compromise” of 1877

TROUBLE FOR AFRICAN-

AMERICANS