MSC Acoustical Engineering for Building and Environment ... Engineering_for... · MSc MSC Acoustical Engineering for Building and Environment - EUIT Telecommunication - UPM 2 Title:

MSc MSC Acoustical Engineering for Building and Environment - EUIT Telecommunication - UPM

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MSC Acoustical Engineering

for Building and Environment

Study Handbook


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Title: Acoustics

Spanish title: Acústica

Language: Spanish/English

ECTS 6

Course type: BSc/MSc- Advanced Course

General Competence Course, Engineering Acoustics

Scope and form: Lectures, exercises, practices with reports

Duration of Course: 14 weeks

General course objectives:

To introduce the participants to fundamental acoustic concepts and to give the necessary background for more specialised courses in acoustics.Thus the course comprises topics like acoustic sound fields, acoustic propagation, hearing (anatomy, physiology), perception of sound (psychoacoustics), speech and speech intelligibility.

Learning objectives:

A student who has met the objectives of the course will be able to:

• Describe fundamental acoustic concepts such as the sound pressure, the particle velocity, the speed of sound, the characteristic impedance of the medium

• Describe and interpret plane sound fields, including standing waves • Describe and interpret the sound field generated by a monopole • Describe and interpret the sound field generated by a dipole • Calculate sound transmission between two fluids • Explain the effect of a reflecting plane • Explain how sound is measured, describe the decibel scale, A-weighted levels, and octave and one-third

octave bands • Describe fundamental properties of our hearing, hearing threshold, masking • Calculate sound transmission through simple constructions • Describe the structure of the ear and explain its function • Sketch the hearing threshold in a free field (dB SPL-Frequency) and interpret the course of the curve • Define the concept of loudness and loudness level and describe Stevens’ power law • Describe the principles of the Zwicker loudness model • Explain the concept of masking (simultaneous-, pre-, post-, forward-, backward-, central-) and it’s relation to

the function of the inner ear • Explain how speech is produced and describe the physical properties of the speech signal • Define the concept of speech intelligibility and discuss methods for measuring and calculation of speech

intelligibility (AI, SII, STI) • Describe the principles of sound localization and sketch results of localization measurements

Content:

• Fundamental acoustic concepts and measuring units.


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• Measurement and evaluation of sound. • Octave and one-third octave band analyses of noise. • The use of complex notation. • Energy density, sound intensity and sound power. • Impedance concepts. • Plane and spherical sound waves, interference fields. • Reflection and transmission of sound. • Sound radiation from monopole and dipole sources, sound radiation from a piston in a baffle • The anatomy and physiology of the ear. • Psychophysical principles and psychoacoustic measuring methods. • Psychoacoustics (hearing threshold, loudness, masking, etc). • Speech and speech intelligibility.

Responsible: Vladimir Ulin Nabatov, [email protected], [email protected]

José María Rodriguez García, [email protected]

Department: Audiovisual and Communications Engineering

Home page: http://www.euitt.upm.es/estudios/postgrado/master_ingenieria_acustica

Keywords: sound, vibration, hearing, speech

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Title: Electroacoustics

Spanish title: Electroacústica


ECTS 6






To give the student knowledge on elements in the audio chain: electroacoustic transducers, microphones, loudspeaker units and systems.



• Explain the principles of analogies between electrical, mechanical and acoustic systems • Draw equivalent circuits for simple mechanical and acoustic systems • Apply the analogies when analyzing and modeling electro acoustic devices • Predict the frequency response of dynamic- and condenser microphones and explain the influence of each

microphone component in this response • Predict the frequency response of electro dynamic loudspeakers and explain the influence of each

loudspeaker component on the response • Explain the effects of closed and vented enclosures on frequency response and impedance of the

loudspeaker and to design such enclosures for a given loudspeaker unit • Make frequency analysis of loudspeaker systems with simulation software “Matlab”, “Mathcad”, “Proteus” • Explain what the common problems in crossover filters design are and how to solve them • Make a frequency analysis of speaker models and crossovers filters with simulation software “Proteus”

Content:

• Analogies between mechanical, acoustical and electrical systems. • Transducers: loudspeakers, microphones and accelerometers; theory, construction, directivity, radiation,

measurements and calibration. • Microphone and loudspeaker configurations. • Crossover filters.

Responsible: Juan José Gómez Alfageme, [email protected]

Francisco Aznar Ballesta, [email protected]





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Home page:

http://www.euitt.upm.es/estudios/postgrado/master_ingenieria_acustica

Keywords: equivalent circuits, microphones, loudspeakers, crossovers




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Title: Fundamentals on Room Acoustics

Spanish title: Fundamentos de Acústica Arquitectónica


ECTS 6






To introduce the students to theories and methods in room acoustics and sound insulation with the purpose of providing a background for design buildings with a satisfactory acoustic environment.



• Know and apply the three main theories of Room Acoustics (statistical theory, geometrical theory and wave theory) to analyze the sound field in a room

• Know the main methods to study the acoustic properties of a room • Understand the results of measuring time and frequency response of a room, using the three main theories

of Room Acoustics • Determine the needed modifications in a room to improve its acoustical characteristics • Know and measure the impulse response for a room • Use of simulation software to predict the acoustics characteristic of a room, like “Odeon” and “EASE”.

Content:

• Wave theory • Statistical theory • Geometrical theory • Basic experimental study of the sound field in a classroom. • Reverberation time. • Impulse response.

Responsible: Vladimir Ulin Nabatov, [email protected]

Juan Sancho Gil, [email protected]








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Keywords: room acoustics, sound absorption, room acoustic models, reverberation time


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Title: Digital Signal Processing

Spanish title: Procesado Digital de Señales


ECTS 6






To provide the participants knowledge of Fundamental and widely applied digital signal processing methods and the use of Matlab as a tool for development of signal processing algorithms.



• Identify basic numeric sequences carrying information in analogue signals • Represent discreet, linear and invariant systems with difference equations (algorithms) and identifying their

stability, causality and frequency response • Distinguish FIR from IIR algorithms (advantages and disadvantages) • Handle the duality of time-frequency domain of numeric sequences and discreet systems. Understanding the

connections between both domains • Use the frequency spectrum (spectral compression-expansion) by interpolating and/or decimating numeric

sequences • Modify the spectrum of numeric sequences by using digital filters to extract, enhance or attenuate

information • Discretize the frequency spectrum of a discreet sequence or system and calculating the value of each

spectral sample • Use random numeric sequences in discreet systems and understanding the main characteristics of them in

both time and frequency domains • Use the acquired knowledge in practical applications in the audio and image signal field, bearing in mind the

practical aspects of the implementation • Solve and interpret the result of signal processing problems by use of “Matlab”

Content:

• Discrete sequences and systems. • Fourier transforms. • A/D conversion process. Sampling and quantifying. • FIR and IIR filter design. • Adaptive filter principles. • Decimating and interpolating processes.


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• Spectral analysis. DFT, FFT and spectral estimate.

Responsible: Antonio Mínguez Olivares, [email protected]

José Luis Sánchez Bote, [email protected]



Keywords: Signal processing, Fourier transform, FIR and IIR filters






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Title: Acoustical Instruments

Spanish title: Instrumentación Acústica


ECTS 4,5

Course type: MSc- Advanced Course

Technological Specialization Course, Engineering Acoustics




Familiarize the student with the instrumentation of measurement commonly used in acoustics, such as microphones, accelerometers, and analyzers.



• Analyze measurement instruments by using their technical documentation. • Choose the most suitable equipment to do acoustical tests • Know and handle the characteristics of the transducers used in acoustical measurements • Understand and apply the operation of the equipment used in acoustical measurements • Select and use correctly the equipment used in acoustical measurements

Content:

• Measurement microphones: Principle of operation, types, microphone preamplifiers, technical characteristics.

• Measuring sound intensity: Basic concepts, P-U and P-P Probes, intensity analyzers • Sound level meters: integrating sound level meters, regulations, calibration, noise dosimeters • Sound level meters and • Instrumentation to measure vibrations: Vibration transducers, piezoelectric accelerometer, preamplifiers. • Spectrum analyzers: FFT analyzers, RTA Analyzers, LMS and Time analyzers

Responsible: Antonio Pedrero González, [email protected]

Juan José Gómez Alfageme, [email protected]



Keywords: microphones, accelerometers, sound level meters, analyzers






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Title: Acoustic Measurement Techniques

Spanish title: Técnicas de Medida en Acústica


ECTS 3






Is intended for the student to know basics of acoustic metrology concepts as well as the measurement techniques in acoustics for building and environment.



• Know the basic principles of acoustic metrology • Accurately estimate the uncertainty in acoustical tests • Analyze and understand the regulations on acoustical measurements • Measure the most common acoustic magnitudes. • Prepare test reports with proper technical content and formal aspects

Content:

• Acoustic metrology concepts: Quality criteria for acoustic tests, estimation of measurement uncertainty. • Reverberation time measurement: Basic concepts, instruments, methodology. • Environmental noise measurement: Basic concepts, instruments, methodology. • Soundproofing measurement: Basic concepts, instruments, methodology. • Vibration in buildings measurement: Basic concepts, instruments, methodology.

Responsible: Antonio Pedrero González, [email protected]

Luis Ignacio Ortiz Berenguer, [email protected]



Keywords: acoustic metrology, uncertainty, reverberation time measurement, noise measurement, vibration measurement






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Title: Acoustic Materials and Building Systems

Spanish title: Materiales Acústicos y Sistemas Constructivos


ECTS 4,5






The course objective is to let students know and work with building techniques, building materials, building regulations and acoustic materials used in acoustic isolation and room conditioning.



• Know common materials used in conventional building. • Know regulations, agents and technical documentation typical of building. • Understand the existence of building to provide security and building to provide service. • Know and analyze different systems of structural construction and building enclosures • Know and analyze different systems of heavy work and facade cladding, as well as different systems of roof

and interior finishes • Understand and evaluate the physical principles of absorption and sound diffusion of materials • Perform predictive calculations of the acoustic absorption of acoustic materials depending on their

characteristics • Know and select the main acoustic materials for specific applications • Calculate the sound absorption coefficient for common sound absorbers, including porous-, panel- and

resonant absorbers

Content:

• Introduction to building. • Agents in building. • Regulations. • Technical documentation. • Materials and building characteristics: Natural and artificial stones, Ceramics, Metals, Glass, Conglomerates,

Fixing materials. • Foundations: Horizontal plumbing, • Walls: Load bearing walls, Enclosure walls, Reticular frame, Concrete frame, Steel frame • Slabs: Unidirectional and bidirectional slabs, Triangular frameworks, Stairs, Hollow, Vertical partitions and

vertical and horizontal finishes, Woodwork, Gable and flat decks. • Building organizing and planning.


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• Materials and acoustic properties: Sound absorber materials, Sound diffusers materials.

Responsible: Pedro Dávila Álvarez, [email protected]

Department: Physics and Installations


Keywords: building techniques, regulations, building materials, acoustic materials





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Title: Environmental Acoustics

Spanish title: Acústica Ambiental


ECTS 6






The course objective is to let students work with current and realistic noise problems from the internal and the external environment. Furthermore the aim is to enable the participants to evaluate possible solutions and describe this in a report.



• Know environmental noise sources • Understand and use environmental noise parameters • Describe outdoor sound propagation and explain which main factors that influence the propagation • Know noise control methods at source, at path and at receiver • Know the specific legislation on environmental noise • Know the instruments needed for noise measurement • Describe noise limits for different areas • Make noise maps • Plan and perform a noise investigation • Evaluate the results of a noise investigation • Make and present technical reports

Content:

• Environmental noise sources. • Environmental noise parameters and magnitudes. • Outdoor noise propagation. • Acoustical barriers/screens. • Regulation on environmental noise. • Environmental noise evaluation methods. • Noise maps. • Making and validating noise maps. • Predictive tools on environmental noise. • Suggesting solutions.


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Responsible: Constantino Gil González, [email protected]

Juan Sancho Gil, [email protected]



Keywords: sound propagation, sound attenuation, environmental noise, noise maps






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Title: Noise and Vibration Control

Spanish title: Control de Ruido y Vibraciones


ECTS 6






The purpose of the course to enable the student to: analyse vibro-acoustic systems, make practical proposals for reducing structureborne noise and apply advanced measurement techniques for verifying theoretical calculations.



• Explain the fundamental mechanisms and phenomena which generate vibration and sound waves i solid media and structures

• Conduct calculations and analyses of the dynamic properties of simple resonant systems • Derive equation of motion for simple resonators and explain frequency responses and determination of

damping properties, eg. from Nyquist diagram • Explain/evaluate wave phenomena for longitudinal waves and bending wave fields in beams and rods and

calculate vibrational responses • Demonstrate the use of mobility methods for calculating response of built-up systems • Conduct and report on vibro-acoustic measurements, including applied signal analysis (spectral analysis,

estimation of transfer functions, structural damping properties, etc.) • Explain principle of vibration isolation and calculate insertion loss of simple vibration isolated sources • Explain reasons for losses in structures and principles for added damping and calculate damping of single-

layer viscoelastic vibration damping • Evaluate reflection and attenuation of structureborne waves in built-up systems • Explain and calculate wave fields and propagation of bending waves in plates • Apply Statistical Energy Analysis for calculating vibration in systems • Explain and calculate sound radiation from compact simple sources and from plate-like structures, cabinets

and cylinders

Content:

• Mechanisms for the generation of vibration and sound in structures. • Simple resonators and models for damping mechanisms. • Concepts of mobility and mechanical impedance. • Vibro-acoustic measurement techniques. • Introduction to applied signal analysis (spectral analysis, estimation of transfer functions, etc).


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• The generation of vibration and sound waves in solids and structures (structureborne sound). • Longitudinal waves and bending waves in beams and plates. • Analytical and statistical methods for calculating structureborne sound and transmission in complex

structures. • Vibration isolation, attenuation and damping of structureborne sound in equipment and machinery. • Sound radiation from vibrating structures (plates, cylinders, cabinets, etc). • Active control and damping of vibration and sound radiation. • Principles for altering the transmission and radiation properties of structures.


Antonio Mínguez Olivares, [email protected]



Keywords: vibro-acoustics, structureborne sound, sound radiation and sound transmission, noise control, vibration control






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Title: Room Conditioning and Sound Reinforcement

Spanish title: Acondicionamiento Acústico y Refuerzo Sonoro de Espacios


ECTS 6






The course objective is to let students know and design different types of room, giving special importance to the speech rooms and concert halls. Acoustic materials will be studied for acoustic conditioning as well as the design of sound reinforcement systems will be considered for speech and music rooms.



• Calculate the sound absorption coefficient for common sound absorbers, including porous-, panel- and resonant absorbers.

• Relate the objective acoustic parameters with the subjective impression of the acoustics of a room or building (such as early decay time, clarity, sound reduction index etc.)

• Predict the influence of room geometry and absorption, reflection, diffraction and diffusion properties of surface on the impulse response and perceived acoustic condition

• Design the acoustics of rooms for speech and music in cooperation with architects and building engineers. • Understand the basic principles regarding introducing loudspeaker systems for amplification and

reverberation enhancement in rooms. • Describe the principles and basic assumptions of computer prediction programs such as "Odeon" and "EASE"

and operate these. • Explain the basic assumptions and principles of and apply measurement methods in architectural acoustics,

including sound insulation, reverberation time, speech intelligibility, sound absorption etc. • • Know the methodology and most common protocols used in the different types of projects on room

acoustics. • Know and apply the valuation parameters of the sound quality of the rooms, as well as the optimum values

of these parameters based on the use of the room. • Learn and apply the methodology and instrumentation for the measurement of the parameters for the

evaluation of the acoustic quality of the venues. • Design, from the point of view of the acoustic conditioning, rooms with special acoustical requirements, such

as auditoriums and concert halls, theatres, opera houses, conference rooms, listening rooms, sound recording, etc.

• Plan, execute and carry out the assessment of sound reinforcement and public address systems.


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• Know and use the equipment associated with sound reinforcement systems: microphones, speakers, power amplifiers and analog and digital audio signal processing devices

• Know and apply the methodology and most common protocols used in the different types of projects on sound reinforcement and public address system

• Learn and acquire skill enough with the most commonly used professional software tools (“EASE”, “Odeon”) to predict and plan room acoustics and sound reinforcement and public address systems

• Know and apply the regulation relating to the noise in building and the paging systems (evacuation regulation for buildings)

Content:

• The reflection and absorption of sound. Panel absorbers, resonance absorbers and porous absorbers. • Theoretical and subjective room acoustics. • Acoustics in new and old theatres, churches and concert halls. • Room acoustic parameters. Designing of rooms for speech and music. • The use of scale models and computer models as design tools. • Variation of room acoustics by physical changes and by electronic means. • Sound reinforcement. • Application of sound reinforcement for specific rooms.

Responsible: José Luis Sánchez Bote, [email protected]

Constantino Gil Gonzálezx, [email protected]



Keywords: room acoustics, room acoustic models, acoustic design, sound reinforcement






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Title: Acoustics Isolation

Spanish title: Aislamiento Acústico


ECTS 6



Scope and form: Lectures, exercises, prectices with reports



The course objective is to introduce the students to theories and methods in room acoustics and sound insulation with the purpose of providing a background for design buildings with a satisfactory acoustic environment.



• Understand the physical principles of sound transmission between venues, both by air and by structural means

• Explain the principles and basic assumptions behind theories used for sound insulation • Know and properly handle the quantities used for the valuation of the sound insulation • Apply standardized methods for the prediction of the levels of sound insulation • Know the applicable regulation to the building projects in the field of insulation and acoustic conditioning

and carry out such projects • Know the typical levels of sound insulation for usual building systems • Know and apply the rules on the measurement of the sound insulation of building systems • Make adequately measurements of sound insulation, using standardized methods • Predict the flanking transmission and sound propagation in buildings with homogeneous single walls • Calculate the air borne and impact sound insulation of common single and double building constructions

Content:

• The sound insulation of buildings and building elements from external and internal noise. • Sound radiation from vibrations in walls. • Introduction to structure borne sound. • Floating floors and impact sound insulation. • Flanking transmission and sound propagation in building constructions • Building acoustic test measurements.

Responsible: César Díaz Sanchidrián, [email protected]






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Keywords: sound insulation, structure borne sound isolation, acoustic test measurement



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Title: Noise Sources in Building and Environment

Spanish title: Fuentes de Ruido en Edificación y Medio Ambiente


ECTS 4,5






The course objective is to let students work with current and realistic noise problems from the internal and the external environment and enable to evaluate possible.



• Know and analyze noise from roads, railways and airports and classify the degree of annoyance from these noise sources

• Know and understand traffic noise assessment parameters • Know and debate regulation on traffic noise • Classify noise from industrial plants and evaluate possible means for reduction of the noise • Describe noise limits for different areas • Know and use instruments to assess traffic noise • Asses solutions of environmental projects related to traffic noise • Design traffic noise control projects

Content:

• Noise from roads, railways and airports. • Noise from industrial plants. • Environmental requirements for noise and vibration. • Noise sources in vehicles • Noise of different traffic conditions • Road traffic noise control methods • Rail traffic noise and vibration • Rail traffic noise control methods • Noise sources in planes • Noise near airports • Air traffic noise control methods

Responsible: Constantino Gil González, [email protected]



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Keywords: noise control, sound propagation, sound attenuation, industrial noise, traffic noise




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Title: Mathematical modeling of noise and vibration

Spanish title: Modelado Matemático en Ruido y Vibraciones


ECTS 4,5






The aim of the course is to introduce students to the use of techniques of discrete modeling of sound fields and vibrating structures. Simulation tools will be used in finite element (FEM) and boundary elements (BEM) techniques.



• Know the theoretical foundation of Finite Element Method and Boundary Element Method • Carry out harmonic and transitory analysis of a vibrating object by using the Finite Element Method with

“ANSYS” software • Build a model of outdoor acoustic waves propagation by using the Boundary Element Method • Simulate sound fields in closed spaces by using “LMS SYSNOISE” software

Content:

• Finite Element Method: Discreet vibrating systems, matrix formulation, stiffness and mass matrixes, form functions

• 1D and 2D Vibrating Systems: Mass and stiffness matrixes in continuum mechanics, programming FEM for a girder, PDETOOL and its acoustic implementations, harmonic and transitory analysis of a plate, “MATLAB”,”ANSYS”.

• Boundary Element Method (BEM): Helmholtz integral equation, direct and indirect BEM, Network creation, array fields, “SYSNOISE”.

• Outdoor Acoustic Fields: Simulating the radiation of a vibrant box, calculating directivity, building sound maps, “ANSYS”, “SYSNOISE”.

• Indoor Acoustic Fields: Simulating the acoustic field in a room, wall impedance, coupling between acoustic field and solid structure, “ANSYS”, “SYSNOISE”.


Luis Ignacio Ortiz Berenguer, [email protected]







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Keywords: finite element method, boundary element method, outdoor acoustic fields, indoor acoustic fields


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MSC Acoustical Engineering for Building and Environment ... Engineering_for... · MSc MSC Acoustical Engineering for Building and Environment - EUIT Telecommunication - UPM 2 Title: