MTSE

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BITS PilaniPilani Campus

PROF V.MURALIDHARMS(SOFTWARE ENGINEERING)

(TECHNIP) (!"#$ !"#%) &ATCH

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BITS Pilani' Pilani Campus

C n * l +,a* s - * M an /Upp * + n * l LimiC n *al Lin

L 0 * C n * l Limi

Data Analysis and QualityAssurance

.

/3

:),(

.

/3

:),(

22

2

2

21

1

1

nof valuesdifferent

for tablesintabulated isnd Awhere

R A xUCL

X CL

R A x LCLchart R x

nof valuesdifferent

for tablesintabulated isnc Awhere

s A xUCL

X CL

s A x LCLchart s x

=

+=

=

=

=

+=

=

=

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C ntr l c!arts " r Ran#e$R%c!art&

.)/(31

)/(31

:tan.

33

'''

:tan

24

23

4

3

22221

2

2

1

tables fromobtained ared D D

and d D Dwhere R DUCL

RCL

R D LCL

specified not dard S tables fromobtained are

d and Dd Dand Dd Dwhere

DUCLd CL D LCL

specified dard S

+=

=

=

=

=

+==

=

=

=

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T, +, i+ 1 0 n , m an an2 R +,a* is a mana3 *ialp* 1l m. M an +,a* is us 2 + n * l , 4uali 5a6 *a3 s - , sampl s 2*a0n -* m a 3i6 n p* + ss'0, * as R C,a* is us 2 + n * l , 4uali 5 6a*ia1ili 57s

- , sampl s. Als i is 1 * + ns *u+ R C,a* -i*s . I- i in2i+a s ,a

, 2isp *si n - , 4uali 5 15 , p* + ss is u -+ n * l' i is 1 * n + ns *u+ M an +,a* ' un il ,

4uali 5 2isp *si n is 1* u3, un2 * , + n * l.M an +,a* * 6 als un2 si*a1l 6a*ia i ns 1 0 n sampl s0,il R C,a* * 6 als an5 un2 si*a1l 6a*ia i ns 0i ,in ,sampl s

INTER'RETATION O( MEANCHART AND R%CHART

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#. A 2*illin3 ma+,in 1 * s , l s 0i , a m an 2iam * -".8!$"+m an2 a s an2a*2 2 6ia i n - ".""$!+m.Cal+ula , ! si3ma an2 $ si3ma upp * an2 l 0 *+ n * l limi s - * m ans - sampl s - % an2 p* pa* a

+ n * l +,a* s. 9Ans/ LCL:".8#;

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Supp s *an2 m sampl s - si@ n a* a n -* m ,p* 2u+ u pu a s m im in *6als. I- 2 1 , num1 *- 2 - + i6 s in a sampl ' , n , -*a+ i n 2 - + i6 in,a sampl is 3i6 n 15 p:2Bn.

W ma5 supp s ,a , num1 * - 2 - + i6 s 2:np is1in mial 0i , E(np):nP an2 V(np):

W, * P is , p pula i n -*a+ i n 2 - + i6 .T, p* + ss 0ill 1 in s a is i+al + n * l i- P is , sam - *

all , sampl s.T,is 0ill 1 s i- , s a is i+ np li s0i ,in , $ si3ma limi s nP $

C ntr l c!arts " r nu+*er" de"ecti,es $ r n)%C!art&

)1( P nP

)1( P nP

8/9/2019 MTSE

7/28BITS Pilani' Pilani Campus

n)%C!art

)1(3

)1(3

)(:tan

)'1('3'

'

)'1('3'

:tan

pnpnpUCL

npCL

pnpnp LCL

pdefective fractionmeanthecalculate specified not dard S

P nP nP UCL

nP CL

P nP nP LCL

specified dard S

+=

=

=

+=

=

=

8/9/2019 MTSE


C ntr l c!art " r (racti nDe"ecti,e $ r )%c!art&

tablesintabulated isn Awhere

p p A pUCL

pCL

p p A p LCL

pdefective fractionmeanthecalculate

specified not dard S tablesintabulated isn Awhere

pnp AnpUCL

pCL

p p A p LCL

specified dard S

/3

)1(

)1(

)(

:tan/3

)'1(''

'

)'1(''

:tan

=

+=

=

=

=

+=

=

=

8/9/2019 MTSE


W, n , sampl si@ is + ns an ' i is imma *ial 0, , *n us s np +,a* * p +,a* . H 0 6 *' 0, n , samplsi@ 6a*i s' all , ,* + n * l lin s 0ill 6a*5 0i , n' in, +as - an np +,a* . T, * sul in3 +,a* 0ill 1 ,i3,l5

+ n-usin3.On , , * ,an2 in a p +,a* , + n *al lin * mains

in6a*ian . T, * - * in +as , sampl si@ 6a*i s' i issimpl * an2 p* - *a1l us , p +,a* .

C! ice *et-een )%c!art andn)%c!art

8/9/2019 MTSE


De"ecti,e . It is an ite+ t!at "ails t satis"y s +e #i,ens)eci"icati n$s&

De"ect . It is an e,ent " t!e ite+/s lac0 " c n" r+ity t#i,en s)eci"icati ns1

E,ery de"ect,e ite+ c ntains ne r + re de"ects1E2a+)les . de"ecti,e ri,ets in an aircra"t 3 e2) sed

-ires in a re"ri#erat r3 sur"ace de"ects in a r ll " a)a)er3 Cru+)led )a#es in a * 03 l se scre-s in a*icycle etc1

C ntr l c!arts " r t!e nu+*er" de"ects $ r c%c!art&

8/9/2019 MTSE


C%c!art c ntr l li+its

ccUCL

cCL

cc LCL

cdefectsof number meanthecalculate

specified not dard S

ccUCL

cCL

cc LCL

specified dard S

3

3

)(

:tan

'3'

'

'3'

:tan

+=

=

=

+=

=

=

8/9/2019 MTSE


T, + +,a* * la s sampl s - + ns an si@ . In +as -6a*5in3 sampl si@ s' i is m * + n6 ni n s u25 ,+ n * l +,a* s - * , num1 * - 2 - + s p * uni ' u:+Bn.

C ntr l c!arts " r )er unitDe"ects $ r u%c!art&

8/9/2019 MTSE


C ntr l li+its " r u%c!art

nuuUCL

uCL

nuu LCL

cdefectsof number meanthecalculate

specified not dard S

defectsunit per meantheisuwherenuuUCLuCL

nuu LCL

specified dard S

/3

/3

)(

:tan

/'3''

/'3'

:tan

+=

=

=

+=

=

=

8/9/2019 MTSE


An u +,a* is appli 2 + n * l , num1 * - 2 - + s p *uni in , +as - -ai*l5 + mpl ass m1l 2 uni s asT.V.s s' ai*+*a- n3in s' * -* 3i*a *s +.

A))licati ns " u%c!art

8/9/2019 MTSE


In D +isi n ma in3 0 2 al 0i , 2 6isin3 Fu u* Plans /F * ins an+ ' in (inancial 'lannin# li s,a* ma* s'

In6 s m n s in Fi 2 an2 R +u**in3 2 p si s' 0 n 2 p* 2i+ , pa *n - +as, -l 0 6 * im .

(ORECASTING ANDREGRESSION MODE4S

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M 6in3 A6 *a3 T +,ni4uE p n n ial Sm , nin3R 3* ssi n

THREE TECHNIQ5ES (OR(ORECASTING (5T5RE 6ARIATIONS

8/9/2019 MTSE


T, 6alu - * a p *i 2 - im is 3i6 n 15

W, * , im s *i s is s a1l ' - ll 0s a + ns an p* + ss

1 : Un n 0n + ns an pa*am * s ima 2 -* m ,is *i+al2a a

: Ran2 m + mp n n - * p *i 2 0i , @ * m an an2

+ ns an 6a*ian+T, 2a a - * 2i-- * n p *i 2s a* n + ** la 2

M ,in# A,era#e Tec!ni7ue

t t b y +=

t

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p* 1l ms

Re#ressi n +et! d

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A C nstructi,e )r cess " rselectin# t!e *est alternati,es1

T!e # dness " a selectedalternati,e de)ends n t!e7uality " t!e data used indescri*in# t!e decisi nsituati n

DECISION THEORY$Se7uentialDecisi n M dels&

8/9/2019 MTSE


I Decisi n +a0in# under certainty in 0,i+, , 2a a a*n 0n 2 *minis i+all5 (Da a 0 ll 2 -in 2)

II Decisi n +a0in# under ris0 in 0,i+, , 2a a +an 12 s+*i1 2 15 p* 1a1ili 5 2is *i1u i n (Da a a*am1i3u us)

III Decisi n +a0in# under uncertainty in 0,i+, , 2a a+ann 1 assi3n 2 0 i3, s ,a * p* s n , i* 2 3*- * l 6an+ in , 2 +isi n p* + ss. (Da a mi22l -

, * a2 si ua i n)

THREE CATEGORIES O(DECISION MA8ING

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Analytic Hierarc!y )r cess$AH'& . Desi#ned " r situati n in -!ic! ideas 3 "eelin#s and

e+ ti ns are 7uanti"ied *ased n su*9ecti,e 9ud#+ent t )r ,ide a nu+eric scale " r )ri riti:in#decisi n alternati,es

Decisi n +a0in# under certainty in -!ic! t!edata are 0n -n deter+inistically

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#.M* ,as * + i6 2 -ull a+a2 mi+ s+, la*s,ips -* m ,*Ins i u i ns / U - A ' U - & an2 U - C. T s l + auni6 *si 5 M* sp +i-i s 0 main +*i *ia / l +a i n an2a+a2 mi+ * pu a i n. & in3 + ll n s u2 n , u23 s

a+a2 mi+ * pu a i n 1 -i6 im s as imp * an asl +a i n' 0,i+, 3i6 s a 0 i3, - app* ima l5 #> l +a i n an2

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Percent Weightestimates

for

Three Decision Alternatives

criterion U of A U of B U of C

Two criteria Location 12.9 22.7 59.4

Rep tation 54.5 27.! 1".2

Calc lation Co#positewei$ht

%.129&%.17'%.545&%."!(

%.17&%.227'%."!&%.27!(

%.594&%.17'%.1"2&%."!(

%.474! %.27!7 %.252%

Gi,en t!e ta*le " ran0s *ased n t-criteria " r t!e t!ree uni,ersities .

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H-1

X

)*2

+1 +2

Alternatives

UofA+1

1

Uof

B

UofC+1

!

UofAp2

1

Uof

B

UofCp2

!+12

+22

Su++ary " AH' calculati ns .DECISION . SE4ECT A 5NI6ERSITY

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H-1

Y

)*2

,1 ,2

Alternatives

UofA,1

1

Uof

B

UofC,1

!

UofA,2

1

Uof

B

UofC,2

!,12

,22

Su++ary " AH' calculati ns .DECISION . SE4ECT A 5NI6ERSITY

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I * -l + s , 2 +isi n ma *s u23m n - , * la i6 imp * an+- , 2i-- * n +*i *ia.

Ai : +*i *ia in , * 0 i is *an 2 * la i6 a+, - , +*i *ia* p* s n 2 15 , n + lumns.

Als Ai : # si3ni-i s ,a i an2 a* 4uall5 imp * an Ai : 8 in2i+a s ,a i is s * n3l5 m * imp * an ,an Ai : ; in2i+a s ,a I is * m l5 m * imp * an ,an O , * in *m 2ia*5 6alu s 1 0 n # an2 ; a* in *p* 2

+ ** sp n2in3l5F * + nsis n+5 Ai : # au ma i+all5 impli s ,a Ai :#B

Als all , 2ia3 nal l m n s Aii - A mus 4ual # 1 +aus , 5*an a +*i *ia a3ains i s l-.

Deter+inati n " relati,e -ei#!ts .n2n c +)aris n +atri2

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L L * p* s n l +a i n an2 R * p* s n * pu a i n.T, n , + ** spn2in3 ma *i is 3i6 n 15

L R A : L ( # #B8 ) R ( 8 # )

T 2 *min * la i6 0 i3, s / N *mali@ 2 ma *i is 3i6 n 15

L R R 0 A6 *a3N : L(.#> .#>) WL : .#>

R(.

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