MULTIMEDIA

•Multimedia is the field concerned with the computer-controlled integration of text, graphics, drawings, still and moving images (Video), animation, audio, and any other media where every type of information can be represented, stored, transmitted and processed digitally.•A Multimedia Application is an Application which uses

a collection of multiple media sources e.g. text, graphics, images, sound/audio, animation and/or video.

WHAT IS MULTIMEDIA DATA? There are number of data types that can be characterized as

multimedia data types.The basic types can be described as follows :•Text : Text is typically stored in processor files,

spreadsheets, databases and annotations on more general multimedia objects.

• Images : Digitalized images are sequence of pixels that represents a region in the user's graphical display. The space overhead for still images varies on the basis of resolution, size, complexity, and compression scheme used to store image. The popular image formats are jpg, png, bmp, tiff.•Audio : An increasingly popular datatype being integrated in

most of applications is Audio. Its quite space intensive. One minute of sound can take up to 2-3 Mbs of space. Several techniques are used to compress it in suitable format.

•Video : One on the most space consuming multimedia data type is digitalized video. The digitalized videos are stored as sequence of frames. Depending upon its resolution and size a single frame can consume upto 1 MB. •Graphic Objects: These consists of special data structures

used to define 2D and 3D shapes through which we can define multimedia objects. These includes various formats used by image, video editing applications. Examples are CAD / CAM objects.

MULTIMEDIA FILE FORMAT Multimedia formats are much more complex than most other

file formats because of the wide variety of data they must store. Such data includes text, image data, audio and video data, computer animations, and other forms of binary data, such as Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI), control information, and graphical fonts..• For example, a multimedia format may allow text to be

stored as Rich Text Format (RTF). Still-image bitmap data may be stored as BMP or TIFF files .

RTF

• RTF is a text file format used by Microsoft products, such as Word and Office. RTF, or Rich Text Format, files were developed by Microsoft in 1987 for use in their products and for cross-platform document interchange. RTF is readable by most word processors. RTF files support text style formatting, as well as images within the text. RTF files can be converted into a different format by changing the formatting selection when saving the word document.• Filename extension : .rtf• Type of format : Document file format

TIFF• TIFF is a COMPUTER FILE FORMAT for storing RASTER

GRAPHICS images. The format was originally created by the company Aldus for use in desktop publishing. • The TIFF format is widely supported by image-manipulation

applications, by publishing and page layout applications, and by scanning, faxing, word processing, optical character recognition and other applications.• Filename extension : .tiff, .tif• Type of format : Image File Format

MIDI

•MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) is a technical standard that describes a protocol, digital interface and connectors and allows a wide variety of electronic musical instruments, computers and other related devices to connect and communicate with one another. A single MIDI link can carry up to sixteen channels of information, each of which can be routed to a separate device.•MIDI carries event messages that specify notation, pitch and

velocity, control signals etc.

DIB• Device independent bitmap (DIB) file format or simply a bitmap, is

a raster graphics image file format used to store bitmap digital images, independently of the display device(such as a graphics adapter).• The BMP file format is capable of storing 2D digital images of

arbitrary width, height, and resolution, both monochrome and color, in various color depths, and optionally with data compression, alpha channels, and color profiles.

• Filename extension : .bmp , .dib• Type of format : Raster graphics

JPEG• JOINT PICTURE EXPERT GROUP was developed by ISO/IEC. JPEG

was designed for images, very rarely JPEG compression technique is used with audio or video. The commonly used file extension for JPEG format are : .jpg, .jpeg, .jfif and .jpe.• .jfif supports interchanging the formats that mean by converting one

format into another. We can transmit data.its full form is –• j-jpeg• f-file• i-interchange• f-format

MPEG

• MOTION PICTURE EXPERT GROUP is a group started by the international standard organization (ISO) and international electro technical commission (IETC) around 1993 for compressing digital data.• There are several versions of MPEG available . some of them are –• MPEG-1 : Audio and video compression.• MPEG-2 : Digital cable, satellite and over the digital signals.• MPEG-3 : In high definition television.• MPEG-4 : Browsing, uploading and downloading.• MPEG-7 : Latest version; Internet.

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