Muscular & Skeletal Muscular & Skeletal SystemsSystems

Muscular SystemMuscular System

Muscles are the Muscles are the motorsmotors that that movemove body body parts.parts.

Bones and joints Bones and joints have have nono power to power to movemove on their own. on their own.

More than More than 600600 muscles in the bodymuscles in the body– 35–4035–40% of body mass% of body mass

isis musclemuscle

Muscular SystemMuscular System

MuscleMuscle—organ that —organ that contractscontracts and and becomes becomes shorter shorter oror expandsexpands andand becomesbecomes longerlonger

– Result = Body parts Result = Body parts movemove, , energyenergy is is used, and used, and workwork is done. is done.

MuscularMuscular System System

Two Two Groups of MusclesGroups of Muscles

1.1. VoluntaryVoluntary—You —You cancan control control these.these.Arms, legs, hands, faceArms, legs, hands, face

2. Involuntary2. Involuntary—You —You can’tcan’t control control these; you don’t have to decide to these; you don’t have to decide to make these muscles work.make these muscles work.Muscles around the Muscles around the heartheart

MuscularMuscular System System

Three Three Types of MuscleTypes of Muscle TissueTissue

1. Skeletal 1. Skeletal MuscleMuscleMost Most numerousnumerous in body in bodyAttached to the Attached to the bonesbones by by tendonstendons– Tendons—thick bands that Tendons—thick bands that pullpull on on

the bone as the muscle the bone as the muscle contractscontracts

VoluntaryVoluntary

Muscular Muscular SystemSystem

Three Three Types of MuscleTypes of Muscle Tissue Tissue (cont.)(cont.)

2. Smooth 2. Smooth MuscleMuscleInvoluntaryInvoluntary

Found in: walls of Found in: walls of stomachstomach, ,

intestineintestine, , uterusuterus, etc., etc.

Muscular SystemMuscular System

Three Three Types of MuscleTypes of Muscle Tissue Tissue (cont.)(cont.)

3. Cardiac 3. Cardiac MuscleMuscleOnly found in Only found in heartheart

InvoluntaryInvoluntary

Contracts Contracts 7070 times per minute times per minute ((heartbeatheartbeat))

Muscles at WorkMuscles at Work

Results Results of Muscle Actionof Muscle Action

– Muscles contractMuscles contract

This producesThis produces thermalthermal energy, and it uses energy, and it uses chemicalchemical energy. energy.

Thermal energy produces Thermal energy produces heatheat that helps that helps keep keep body temperaturebody temperature constant. constant.

Chemical energy is from Chemical energy is from glucoseglucose.. (When (When glucose is glucose is used upused up, muscles are , muscles are tiredtired and and need to need to restrest..))

Muscles at WorkMuscles at Work

ResultsResults of Muscle action (cont.)of Muscle action (cont.)

– Over time, muscles become Over time, muscles become largerlarger or or smallersmaller, depending on how much , depending on how much workwork they do.they do.

Skeletal SystemSkeletal System

Made up of all of the Made up of all of the bonesbones in your body, in your body, it is the it is the framework framework of the body.of the body.

– Each bone in your body Each bone in your body is a livingis a living organorgan, made , made of differentof different tissuestissues..

Cells Cells in bones take in in bones take in foodfood and use and use energyenergy..

Skeletal SystemSkeletal System

Made up of all of the bones in your Made up of all of the bones in your body, it is the framework of the body.body, it is the framework of the body.

- Four Functions of Skeletal System- Four Functions of Skeletal System1. Framework gives 1. Framework gives shapeshape & &

supportsupport to the body. to the body.

Skeletal SystemSkeletal System

Made up of all of the bones in your Made up of all of the bones in your body, it is the framework of the body.body, it is the framework of the body.

– Four Functions of Skeletal SystemFour Functions of Skeletal System1. Framework gives shape 1. Framework gives shape

and support to the body.and support to the body.

2. Bones 2. Bones protectprotect the the

internalinternal organs. organs.

SkeletalSkeletal System System

Made up of all of the bones in your Made up of all of the bones in your body, it is the framework of the body.body, it is the framework of the body.

– Four Functions of Skeletal SystemFour Functions of Skeletal System1. Framework gives shape & support to the body.1. Framework gives shape & support to the body.

2. Bones protect the internal organs.2. Bones protect the internal organs.

3. Major 3. Major musclesmuscles of the body of the body

are are attachedattached to the to the

bones.bones.

Skeletal Skeletal SystemSystem

Made up of all of the bones in your Made up of all of the bones in your body, it is the framework of the body.body, it is the framework of the body.

– Four Functions of Skeletal SystemFour Functions of Skeletal System1. Framework gives shape & support to the body.1. Framework gives shape & support to the body.2. Bones protect the internal organs.2. Bones protect the internal organs.3. Major muscles of the body are 3. Major muscles of the body are

attached to the bones.attached to the bones.

4. 4. BloodBlood cells are formed cells are formed in in red marrowred marrow of some of some bones.bones.

BonesBones

TheThe adultadult skeleton has skeleton has 206206 bones bones ((babybaby has has 270270).).

JointsJoints

Any place where Any place where twotwo or more bones or more bones meetmeet

LigamentsLigaments: tough : tough

bands of bands of tissuetissue that that

hold hold bones togetherbones together

at the jointsat the joints