Muslim Saints and Mystics Episodes from the Tadhkirah al-Awliya of Farid al-Din Attar

8/9/2019 Muslim Saints and Mystics Episodes from the Tadhkirah al-Awliya of Farid al-Din Attar

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Muslim Saints and Mystics Episodes from the Tadhkirah

al-Awliya of Farid al-Din Attar

Translated by

Mohammed Abdul Hafeez


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© MOHAMMED ABD! HAFEE"

First #ublished $%&%'()$(

All ri*hts reser+ed, o part of this publication may be reproduced or storedin a

retrie+al system. or transmitted in any form or by any means. electronic or

other/ise. /ithout /ritten permission from the publisher,

#ublished by

Mohammed Abdul Hafeez

H,o, $0-$$-$0'$'($

Al-Madina 1otta*e

Saleemna*ar colony

Hyderabad-2)))&0

3ndia

e-mail 4 hafeezan/ar5yahoo,com

Copyright © 2011 Author Name All rights reserved.ISBN-97-1-2!7-"#$"7-7

mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


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1ontents 3ntroduction6666666666,666666,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,+

$, 3mam 7afarAl-sade8,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,6, 66666,,(%

(, O/ais al-9arani 666,,6666666666666&&

2, Muhammad 3bn :ase 666,,,6666666666,,%%

;, Abu Hazem Al-Ma


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0$, Ali ibn Sahl al-Esfahani 666,,,666666666,$&=

0&, Abu Hamza al-horasani 666,,66666666,,,$%)

0%, Ahmad ibn Masru8 66666666666666$%(

02, Abd Allah al-Ma*hrebi 666,,666666666,,$%%

00, Abu Ali 7urani 666,,666666666666,,,$%0

0?, Abu Muhammed 7ariri 666,,666666666,,,$%=

;$, Abu Ba


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3ntroduction

Abu Hamid bin Abu Bakr Ibrahim Farid al-Din Attar was born inad 1145 or 1146 in Nishapur provin! o" Iranian #horasan anddi!d ira 1$$1% &h!r! is disa'r!!m!nt ov!r th! !(at dat!s o" hisbirth and d!ath) but s!v!ral sour!s on*rm that h! liv!d almosta hundr!d +!ars% Di,!r!nt stori!s ar! told about th! d!ath o"Attar% n! ommon stor+ is as "ollows% H! was aptur!d b+ a.on'ol% n! da+ som!on! am! alon' and o,!r!d a thousandpi!!s o" silv!r "or him% Attar told th! .on'ol not to s!ll him "orthat pri! sin! th! pri! was not ri'ht% &h! .on'ol a!pt!d

Attar/s words and did not s!ll him% 0at!r) som!on! !ls! am!alon' and o,!r!d a sak o" straw "or him% Attar ouns!l!d th!.on'ol to s!ll him b!aus! that was how muh h! was worth% &h!.on'ol soldi!r b!am! v!r+ an'r+ and ut o, Attar/s h!ad% o

h!di!d to t!ah a l!sson% Attar) muh b!tt!r-

od

and the paths to Him throu*h mystical poetry, !ittle about Attar is


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certain only of the fact that he /as born in ishapur in north-eastern #ersiaI he

passed $& years of his youth in Mashad. and spent much of his life collectin* the

poetry of other Sufi mystics,

He /as the son of a prosperous chemist. and *ot an ecellent education in

Arabic. theosophy and medicine, He helped his father in the store and on his

father@s death. too< o+er its o/nership, The people he helped in the pharmacy used

to confide their troubles in Attar and this affected him deeply, E+entually. he

abandoned his pharmacy and tra+elled /idely to ufa. Mecca. Damascus.

Tur


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&) birds to find their supreme so+erei*n. the simur*h, This /or< /as modelled on

the treatise on the birds composed half a century earlier by another Sufi master.

Ahmad >hazali d, $$(0 1EG. founder of the School of !o+e@ in Sufism, This epic

masterpiece has also enoyed se+eral musical and theatrical adaptations in the

:est. /hile its stories are common subects of illustration in #ersian miniature

paintin*, Attar@s most celebrated /or


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of ideas. literary themes. and style. Attar@s influence /as stron*ly felt not only in

#ersian literature but also in other 3slamic literatures, His *reat prose /or


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stylistic. lin*uistic and historical *rounds. as spurious, Attar@s /or


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The Jalley of 9uest.@ /here ascetic means are adoptedI then follo/s KThe Jalley

of !o+e.L /hich may be compared to Dante@s. earthly paradiseI then follo/ The

Jalleys of no/led*e@. Detachment@. nity@. and Amazement@I and finally.

The Jalley of Annihilation of the Self @is reached, This is the supreme state of

di+ine union /ith >od, Sufism /as meant to be an all-encompassin* effort to li+e

in a meanin*ful. reli*ious frame of mind,

Attar died fleein* the Mon*ol hordes under >en*his han, 7ust before his death.

Attar met a youn* poet. Cumi. to /hom he *a+e some of his philosophical poems,

Cumi perpetuated and added to the philosophical de+elopment of Sufism and the

understandin* of Attar, This is solid e+idence that Cumi met Attar as a youn* boyas Cumi@s family abandoned the city of Bal


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Modern Times $?00G, For a discussion of the Sufism of Attar. see A, 7, Arberry.

#"fism' An Acco"nt of the Mystics of )slam $?2)G. and 3dries Shah. The #"fis

$?0%G, 3n ())(. an international conference entitled Farid al-Din Attar and the

#ersian Sufi Tradition@ /as held by the 3ran Herita*e Foundation in collaboration

/ith the 1enter of ear and Middle Eastern Studies at the School of Oriental and

African Studies SOASG. and the ni+ersity of !ondon,

The conference. /hich /as con+ened by Dr !eonard !e/isohn. author. translator

and researcher in the area of 3slamic studies and a specialist in #ersian lan*ua*e

and Sufi literature. and 1hristopher Shac


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to its source in the other /orld can be eperienced durin* the present life in mystic

union attainable throu*h in/ard purification, By eplainin* his thou*hts. the

material used is not only specifically Sufi. but also from older ascetic le*acies,

Althou*h his heroes are for the most part Sufis and ascetics. he also introduces

stories from historical chronicles. collections of anecdotes. and all types of hi*hly-

esteemed literature, His talent for perception of deeper meanin*s behind out/ard

appearances enables him to turn details of e+eryday life into illustrations of his

thou*hts, The idiosyncrasy of Attar@s presentations in+alidates his /or


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)nscri(tion on Attar0s tomb as translated by Garcin de Tassy

>od is Eternal6Here in this *arden of a lo/er Eden.Attar perfumed the

soul of the humblest of men, This is the tomb of a man so eminent that

the dust stirred by his feet /ould ha+e ser+ed as collyrium to the eye of the firmament6and of /hom the saints /ere disciples63n the year of

the Hira 2=0 he /as pursued by the s/ord of the army /hich de+oured

e+erythin*. bein* martyred in the massacre /hich then too< place6 K

3ncrease. O !ord. his merit6May the *lory be /ith Him /ho dies not

and holds in his hands the


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Asrarnameh

Elahinameh

Mosibatnameh

Manteq-"0ttair

B"lb"lnameh

&eydarnameh

Mokhtarnameh. and

$hosrownameh,

3n the preface to the Memorial@ M"slim #aints and MysticsG. Attar lists his

reasons for /ritin* the boood /hereby He

confirms and reinforces the disciple. if his heart be deected,@

2, Accordin* to the #rophet. Mercy descends at the mention of the pious@4 per-

ad+enture. if one spreads a table on /hich mercy falls li


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Arabic. /herefore most people are unable to profit by themI and the Sayin*s of the

Saints. /hich form a commentary on the oran and the Traditions. /ere li


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a commentary on the oran and Traditions. /hich are the best of all /ords, Any

one /ho reads it properly /ill percei+e /hat passion must ha+e been in the souls

of those men to brin* forth such deeds and /ords as they ha+e done and said,

$2, A further moti+e /as the hope of obtainin* their intercession hereafter and of

bein* pardoned. li


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;, Abu Hazem al-Ma


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;(, Abu Omeru a8il

;&, 7afer 7ildi

;%, Abul hair 9atah

;2, Abu Abdallah Mohamed Bin Hussain

;0, Abu 3sha8ue >arzoni

;;, Abul hasan 9ar8ani,

;=, al-Shebli

;?, Abu asser Sira

=), Abul Abbas 9asab

=$, Ebrahim al-hau/as

=(, Memshad al-Dina/ari

=&, Abu 3shau8e 3brahim Shebani

=%, Abu Ba


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?, Cabe@a al-Ada/iya

$),Al-Fozail 3bn 3yaz

$$,Ebrahim 3bn Adham

$(,Beshr 3bn al-Hareth

$&,Dho l-un al-Mesri

$%,Abu azid al-Bestami

$2,Abd Allah 3bn al-Mobara


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0=,3bnhafif

;),al-Halla

;=,al-Shebli

=$,Ebrahimal-hau/as

Tadhkerat al-Awliya is a bio*raphy of Muslim saints and mystics, 3n /hat is

considered the most compellin* entry in this boo


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Cumi@s Mausoleum in unya.Tur


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Times,

Farid al-Din Attar is considered one of the pre-eminent mystical poets of the

#ersian literary tradition, The duration of his life is uncertain. thou*h he can be

placed in the t/elfth and thirteenth centuries 1,E, Born in ishapur in /hat is today

3ran. Attar apparently /as a pharmacist. but little information about his personal

life is


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phase. that of old a*e. /as coincidental /ith a con+ersion to Shi@ism, Ho/e+er.

in $?%$. the #ersian scholar afisi /as able to pro+e that the /or


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the #rophet, He /as descendant of Ali Bin Abi Talib CAG and the #rophet@s

family,:e all praise him due to his *reatness, As already mentioned abo+e that to

/rite the details about the /or


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thou*ht that Sunnat 7amat follo/ers of the #rophetG ha+e enmity /ith the family

members of #rophet, But the fact is that the members of Sunnat 7amat are the

follo/ers of the #rophet@s family members,

So /e must remember that e+ery one /ho has faith in the #rophet. should also

lo+e and ha+e faith in the #rophet@s family members, :hen 3mam Al-Shafe@i /as

imprisoned on the char*e of enmity /ith the #rophet@s family members. he uttered

some couplets at that time, The meanin* of one of the couplet is as follo/s4 K3 am

friend of the holy #rophet Muhammed peace be upon himG and his family

members so if this is enmity then all human bein*s and ins should be /itness on

this enmity,L

:ho is a SunniP 3n its real meanin* Sunni is one /ho accepts the *reatness of

the #rophet@s family members, 3f it is not compulsory . the rule of faith to


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:hen some persons as


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s/allo/ you /ith your seat,L So /hen 3 heard this 3 /as afraid of the python and 3

did not


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of the #rophet. it is not suitable for the #rophet@s family member to /ear such a

dress,L Then he cau*ht his hand and too< it inside of the dress of his shoulder and

sho/ed him the inner dress /hich /as made of ute and scratched his hand, He

told him. KThis dress is for Allah and other is for the man


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sorry for his mista


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there,L Allah says. K3s somebody /ho /ill reply the needy person@s callPL 7a@far

al-Sadi8 told him. K:hen he /as callin* others for His help. then he /as false. and

ad+ice him to ta


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Ammara for the sa


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(,

O/aise of 9arni

&&


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About Sohail emeni. the prophet says that he is superior to his follo/ers due to

his


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raG /ent to oofa Ba*hdadG and at the time of deli+erin* sermon Omer Farou8

raG re8uested the people of ad to stand and as


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Oh Allah. 3 /ill not /ear the dress until you accept my recommendation for all

Muslims and for this the prophet has sent his dress and Omer Farou8 raG and Ali

3bn Talib raG ha+e done their /or


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friendship, He sho/ed his teeth and said that he had bro


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He left that place and reached oofa, After that nobody has seen him. but

Huban@s son Harm /hen he heard about the *reatness of recommendation of

O/aise of 9arni. he /as anious to see him, He /ent to oofa to see him. and

searched for him and by chance found him on the ri+er Farat /here he /as doin*

ablution and /ashin* his clothes,

He said. K3 reco*nized you due to your *reatness and /hat 3 ha+e heard about

you,L He paid salam to himI he replied and loo


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is under your pillo/, :hen you /a


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Allah until the time of noon prayer, He /as busy /ith his /or< until the time of

net prayer and in this /ay he /as +ery busy until net mornin* prayer,

For three days he did not eat or drin< anythin* or e+en slept, On fourth ni*ht he

slept for some time and then /o


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the shroud and the *ra+e ha+e


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&, :hen 3 as


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such a hi*h position, Such *reatness is due to the od,

:hom >od li


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as per the teachin*s, So in this /ay he /as a perfect pious personality of his time,

He /as al/ays a contented person, May Allah bless him and there /as no person

li


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second time by 9utaiba bin Muslim. he told him KHe /anted to eplain about

ascetic condition but could not eplain the same . because it /ill be praise for

himself or be a complain a*ainst Allah,L

One day he sa/ his son in happy mood and so he as


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He /as leader of sincere. pious and >od fearin* persons, He follo/ed Mashai8

learned personsG and li+ed simple life, He /as amon* famous sufies of his time

due to his /orship and obser+ation, He li+ed for a lon* time so he met many

learned persons, Amon* them is one Abu Osman Ma


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a+oid /ill reach us, For the other thin* for /hich /hate+er /e try to *et. but it

/ill not reach us,

He said K 3f he /ill not pray .then he /ill face many difficulties due to

non acceptance of prayers,L He said KOh 4 person. you are product of this time so

you prefer sayin* than actions. and this is the time for the pride of


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=,

taiba al->hulam

He /as amon* pious personalities of innermost 8ualities and /ho attained

%?


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perfection, His teacher /as Hasan of Basra, He /as popular amon* the pious as

/ell as the *eneral persons, Once he /as /al


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a*o some *uests /ere in his house /ho too< some soil from the nei*hbor@s /all

/ithout the permission of the o/ner, So from that time till no/ /hen e+er 3 loo


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Samma< as


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His name is oman and his father@s name is Thabit, His position is +ery hi*h in

mystic


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reply the 8uestion of the /omen .but should use her name as his patronymic name

as Abu Hanifa, He promised to do so, She called the /omen before her, :hen the

/omen came there. she *a+e a cup to each /oman and told them to put some mil


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but Sha@bi. /ho /as teacher of Abu Hanifa /as absent in that meetin* due to his

old a*e,

1aliph Mansur sent an a*reement throu*h his ser+ant to Sha@bi to si*n it as

/itness as he /as the qa* i ud*eG of the city of Ba*hdad, He si*ned and stamped

it, All other learned people also si*ned it, :hen that paper /as brou*ht before Abu

Hanifa for his si*nature as /itness on it. he as


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Sufyan ran from the /ay. hid himself in the boat and as


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ha+e felt sorry,L

3t /as reported that one person /as his debtor and his house /as near the funeral

place, Once Abu Hanifa@s disciple died and he /ent there for his funeral prayer, At

that time the /eather /as +ery hot and there /as no shado/ ecept near the /all

of his debtor@s house, The persons as


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sleep in the ni*ht,

:hen he /as as


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Their opinion /as different in some problems,

3t /as reported that a rich man had enmity /ith 1aliph Osman Bin Affan and he

used to call him an unbelie+er, :hen he heard this he as


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your *enerosity is /ell-


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The


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$?,

3MAM Al-Shafe@i

0(


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He /as master in both 3slamic la/ and in the mystic


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of the #rophet but he is a sun of


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Al-Shafe@i says. KHe sa/ the #rophet in his dream and #rophet as


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*o. other/ise he used to send the person bac< to 3mam Mali< for corrections,

3mam Mali< /as reconsiderin* his obections and corrected the defects if any, He

/as happy /ith the action of 3mam Al-Shafe@i, Once there /ere some differences

bet/een caliph Harun al-Cashid and his dear /ife "ubaida, So she told him that

he is a hellish man, Harun al- Cashid replied her that if he is a hellish man then he

/ill di+orce her, He left her . but due to his etreme lo+e for her. he /as /orried to

sol+e this matter and so he called all the learned persons of Ba*hdad in his court

and as


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5After determination of sin7 any (erson who avoids it d"e to fear of Allah then his

dwellin, will be in the heaven46

All the learned men praised his /ise decision and commented that if he is so

cle+er in the youn* a*e. then ust ima*ine his status in his youth ,

3t /as reported that he ne+er put any ille*al morsel in his mouth durin* his life

time, Once he camped before the army camp and for this mista


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payment, After the arri+al of mon


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Shafe@3. such persons /ill not become an unbelie+er. instead there is se+ere

punishment for such persons, :hen 3mam Al-Shafe@i as


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places. mos8ues. bazaars and schools but he could not find it, 3n his search he /ent

to a monastery and found one *roup of mystic persons /ho /ere sittin* there, One

person told him that the past time /ould ne+er come bac< a*ain. so ta


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(),

3MAM Ahmed Bin Hanbal

;$


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His status in the /orship and in the fear of Allah is +ery *reat, He /as /ise and

+ery intelli*ent and his prayers /ere al/ays accepted by Allah, Some of his

enemies filed accusations a*ainst him. /hich /ere later found false and baseless ,

Once his son /as eplainin* the tradition that Allah


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his belt and disappeared suddenly, :hen the court@s men sa/ this miracle they

freed him immediately,

After a fe/ days. he died, 3n spite of hard punishments and hardships he ne+er

accepted that the 9ur@an is a creature, :hen he /as freed from the royal court.

some people as


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*old and there /as a di+ine call in /hich /as heard . KHe is our dear friend but if

he /ants to ruin the entire /orld then 3 can do the same, So you should be *rateful

for meetin* such a *reat friend of mine, But after this. you /ill not see him a*ain,L

Durin* his stay in Ba*hdad. he ne+er ate bread and he said. KThis land /as *i+en

for trust of Muslim soldiersL, He used to brin* flour from Mosil and ate the bread

made of that flour, His son Saleh /as qa*i ud*eG of 3sfahan for a period of one

year, He used to obser+e fastin* durin* the day and /as busy in /orship durin* the

ni*hts, He ne+er slept more than t/o hours durin* the ni*hts, He constructed a

room before his house and he used to li+e in that room for any needy person /ho

should +isit and should not return /ithout approachin* him, He /as a +ery pious

9azi ud*eG,

Once 3mam Hanbal@s ser+ant prepared some bread by usin* some yeast from his

son@s


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him, He used to +isit him daily to hear the traditions, But one day. he /as absent in

his meetin*, Sufyan Thauri sent his ser+ant to his house to en8uire the reason of his

absence , :hen the ser+ant reached his house. he sa/ that he /as na


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silent and left the place /ithout collectin* his basin e+en thou*h he cleared the

dues of the shop


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mos8ues in trust of Allah. he eplained . KThey are mista


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and do not as< /hat 3 need,L Then Allah told me. KOhQ AhmedQ This is hea+en no/

enter into it,L Thus he entered hea+en,

(&,

Abu Solaiman al-Dara@i

;=


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He /as a famous saint and /as master in 3slamic la/ and mystic


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He said he used to eat bread /ith a spread of salt on it but one day he ate bread

/ith salt and sesame , For this he *ot punished for one year and due to this

punishment there /as no peace in his /orship,

He used to borro/ some money from his friend for his daily epenses and one

day that friend told him /hen your desires /ill endP Since that day he stopped

as


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:et dream is a curse and is due to too much eatin*,Too much eatin* /ill cause

the follo/in* si problems, There /ill be no interest in /orship, Matters of

/isdom /ill not be remembered,There /ill be no


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/hich


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need of desires for us, One /ho suffers difficulties in /orship then the same source

/ill become sal+ation for him,L He told K othin* is better than endurances,L

There are t/o


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Somebody as


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He /as *reat /orshiper and mystic saint as /ell as a *reat preacher, He /as

popular in pri+ate as /ell as in public,

Maruf ar8i /as a *reat admirer of his *ood preachin*, The caliph Haroun Al-

Cashid /as also his *reat admirer . /ho told him KOh Haroun. honour of

mysticism is a *reat honour,L

He used to mention the meanin* of humility /hich is as follo/s, KThe man

should


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his last days he told KOh 4Allah at the time of doin* sin 3 used to lo+e your belo+ed

friends so for this reason help me and for*i+e me,L :hen the persons as


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He /as a famous saint and he /orshiped a lot and de+oted much attention to

mystic eercises durin* his time, He used to act upon the traditions strictly so he

/as called !isan Casool /hich means the ton*ue of the prophet,

Once he /as *oin* on the camel and 3sa8ue Bin "aheriya /as holdin* the

camel@s bridle until they reached aishapur, He /as /earin* a /oolen shirt and

a felt cap and he /as carryin* a ba* of boo


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disobedience of Allah,L

He reached the house of Muhammed Bin Aslam and due to the Friday prayer

preparations . he did not in+ite him into his house. but Abdullah Bin "aher stayed

outside on his horse bac< /aitin* for him till the end of his Friday prayer,

:hen he came out of his house. Abdullah Bin "aher *ot do/n from his horse and


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Some body as


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hate man


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He also said KTo li+e in the /orld in such a /ay that life should become eternal,L

Once /hen he /as /eepin* blood passed from his eyes instead of tears, So the

people as


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8ualities in him and as per the sayin* of a /riter. he /as s/eet basil of Syria,

He /as a disciple of Suleiman Darai and he also ac8uired


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remembrance of Allah, One /ho li


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for lon* time he did not ta


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attac< me /ith their


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/as /arnin* from Allah,

Once 3 sa/ a man in the un*le /ho /as tra+elin* /ithout any con+eyance and

there /as nothin* /ith him so 3 thou*ht that there is no *reater person than him as

he had complete faith in Allah, :hen 3 as


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:hat e+er a Dar/esh Mystic personG *ets is his food and /hich e+er thin* that

co+ers his body is his dress, The place /here he resides is his house,

He died in the desert of Basra and after many years a cara+an passed by and

noticed that a man is standin* /ith his staff and loo


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He said KAs


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/omen and he told this and died,

%),

Mansur ibn Ammar

He /as a *reat saint from 3ra8 /ho /as famous for re+elation and preachin*, For

$))


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this reason many saints described his 8ualities, The reason of his fame is that once

he found a paper on the /ay on /hich /as /ritten Bis Milla Hirrehman Hirrahim,

3n the name of Allah the most beneficent and mercifulG, For the sa


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poetry and the meanin* of /hich is as follo/s 4

K One /ho is not pious . but he is ad+isin* others for the pious path is li


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(, The /isdom spea


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Due to his lon* life he met many saints and he sa/ the periods of many pious

persons, He /as famous for his /isdom and physio*nomy, So the *reat pious

person Suleiman Dari called him the detecti+e of heart, He left behind many of his

sayin*s,

Some body as


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*rateful for the *race of Allah, He said KBelief is the *ift of li*ht of Allah /ith

/hich one can obser+e the affairs of the net /orld as there /ill be no curtains for

him,L He ad+ised for the /orship of Allah by


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pious mystic persons of his time, He left many of his sayin*s after him, Fathe

Mouseli says /hen he met him he told him KDue to the blessin* of Allah. man *ot

the follo/in* four thin*s,L

$, Eyes

(, Ton*ue

&, Heart

%, Air

For the than


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%=,

Abd Allah 3bn al-7alla

He belon*s to a *reat cate*ory of mystic persons, He met *reat personalities li


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Abu Torab and "annon Masri, He *ot mystic


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same, One /ho performs the prayers in the early times is called /orshiper, One

/ho loo


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He /as a follo/er of famous mystics and he


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human bein*s,

3t is *ood if there is seizure of the con+ent but the deed is left, But it is difficult if

there is the seizure of deed but the con+ent is left, 3f there is seizure of both.

con+ent and deed then it /ill be +ery dan*erous and /ill be a +ery difficult to

control ,

He said it /ill not be difficult for the other *roups to cross the path/ay of

paradise ecept the mystics to /hom there /ill be accountability for their

innermost state . and for other the *roups there /ill be accountability as per the

3slamic la/,

So the situation /ith mystics /ill be tou*h and it /ill be +ery difficult for them

to pro*ress,

Somebody asod, The heart of a pious

person is the mirror in /hich there /ill be al/ays a+ailable the reflection of the

manifestation,

The si*n of nearness of Allah is in /hich one should

feel the /ildness from all other thin*s other than Allah, 3t is better for the mystic

to be


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==

should disclose only the *ood deeds, 3t is not *ood to interfere in the insinuation,

But in the fire of dan*er and re+elation. it is permissible, To


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/orship and in miracles, He li+ed durin* the period of 7unaid of Ba*hdad, He

/as friend of 3bn Atta and Abdullah Bin 7ala,

There /as patch on a mystic @s dress and a ti*er tried to attac< him in the

un*le, But /hen the ti*er reached near him. it


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He said that the rich man suffices on his /ealth. so the mystic @s trust in Allah is

more than enou*h for him, The mystic learns piety /hen he ta


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life and pleasures,

He *ained


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;, To ta


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$, To feel peace /ith the thin*s *uaranteed by Allah,

(, To be content /ith the a+ailable thin*s,

&, To be patient on difficulties,

%, To act upon the fundamental pillars of 3slam,

2, To spend life as sla+es,

0, To


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$, 3n comfort and peace /e should not for*et death,

(, Durin* the period of happiness /e should thin< life as an enemy,

&, To be busy al/ays in the remembrance of Allah,

%, To re*ret for the loss of *race,

2, To be happy in the condition of presence,

He said to increase special prayers in addition to con*ressional prayers on

re*ular basis and to demand for le*al pro+ision is an obli*ation,

2&,

Abu a8ub Bin 3ssac ehra/an

He /as a *reat pious person and he /as a +ery handsome person amon* the sufi

$$?


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saints, He *ot


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/ill al/ays remain poor because he loo


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e+ery thin* depends upon it,

Other than truth e+ery thin* is false, Ceal


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He /as a nati+e of Shinizia and he died in Ba*hdad, He /as a famous mystic and

abstinent person and recei+ed


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that he heard a di+ine call /hich said4 KAs you loo


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company of other pious persons /ho are better than him .and lea+e him for Allah@s

*race,

20,

Abu Abd Allah Muhammad

3bn Fazl

$(2


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&, To see< thin*s /hich /e do not


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$, !o+e

(, Fear

&, Modesty

%, Cespect

He said that /e can find selflessness of the mystic at the time of indifference.

and the bra+e person@s selflessness at the time of need, To


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Miracles and

piety,

He met many *reat pious personalities of his time, He left his nati+e place

Busani and li+ed in 3ra8 for many years, But /hen he returned the people called

him hypocrite so he /ent to ishapur and he li+ed there till his death, Once a

+illa*er lost his don


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could not destroy nor could the creatures


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$, Solititude

(, 3ndi+idualization

&, >ood manners

For the abo+e reason the sufis called him the of respectful pious person,

He *ot


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Some one as


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$, To accept unity of Allah,

(, To tal< /ith


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Allah@s remembrance and as


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0),

Abd Allah 3bn Manazel

He /as famous shai


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sin*le person,

Once he told Abu Ali Sha8fi to be ready for death, So Abu Ali told him you

should first try sleepin* /hile


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ser+itude /ill not see< for the peace and pleasure, He said that the real ser+ant is

one /ho /ill not


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0$,

Ali Sohail Asfahani

3t /as famous about him that he has the


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Omer Bin Osman came to see him /hen /as in debt of &).))) Dirhams and he

paid off his debit amount, He used to mention that /orship is a si*n of di+ine help,

The si*n of *race is to lea+e the opposition. and the si*n of /a


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Allah /ill calls him he /ill lea+e this /orld, Shai


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Muta/a


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He used to /ear the pil*rims robe throu*h out the year and used to say that

li+in* /ith man


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horasan,

He /as 9utb hi*hest cadre in spiritual pi+otG of his time and /as trained by the

9utub Madar hi*hest cadre in spiritual pi+ot at aisG, Some persons as


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He said 4

$,The


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$, 3n the out/ard

(, 3n the 3nnermost

As he /as a teacher of the shei


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The *reat person is one /ho beha+es /ell /ith man


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He said the follo/in* are the real tu/hidG unity of Allah,

$, Beem fearG

(, Ca@a hopeG

&, !o+e

:ith Beem /e can control the sins and /ith Ca@a /e can do *ood deeds and

/ith lo+e /e can do a lot of /orship, One /ho has fear /ill not /orry about

difficulties and troubles,

The people of Ca@a /ill demand for more,The people of lo+e /ill not reduce

their remembrance of Allah,

The Beem is li


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$, The Jisible


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himG and prophet Moses peace be upon himG /ere standin* and also there /ere

other prophets /ho /ere also present there, :hen 3 approached before the holy

prophet to loo< at him. he turned bac< his head so 3 as


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(, To /atch the attributes of Allah

One /ho follo/s his soul is li


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the di+inityG,

There /ill be no death for such persons /ho li+e /ith the li*ht of Allah,

The Arif pious personG /ill remember Allah from the be*innin* and the *eneral

persons /ill remember durin* the time of difficulty, He said that the prophet

/itnessed the di+inity /ith the help of Allah, So /ith the help of Allah and throu*h

Allah. he *ot eternity from time and space because he *ot lost in the attributes of

Allah and became free from time and space,

;$,Abu Ba


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(, Tarid SolitudeG,

3n Ha8i8at truth G and Marifat


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*race of Allah and he can able to perform the prayers in the standin* position, 3nthat ni*ht he sa/ the prophet in the dream and he told him that no/ he is fit and/ell then the prophet told him that it /as due to *ratitude of the cat in the court of Allah and so for this reason he /as reco+ered from his illness,One day he /as present in his house alon* /ith his disciples and there /ere sunrays /hich /ere comin* from a hole in the house and in that sun rays there/ere many thousands particles /ere seen in the condition of +ibration , He thenas


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and the 9azi ud*e G /as +ery an*ry /ith him in this matter, But he told him thatit is told by Allah that this community is >aire Maaire Mu


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sources to reach them are a+ailable throu*h the prophets for the follo/in* thin*s,$, Marifat The


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afir infidel G,One /ho /ill loo< at his personality and i*nore the personality of AllahG thenhis identification /ill become un-


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no difference at all, :here there is eistence of Tauhid unity of *odG is there andat that place men should not able to refuse it , 3f so it /ill be called the refusal of the di+ine po/er ,And if the men@s declaration is affirmati+e in this matter and if so there /ill be

problem for Tauhid unity of *od G, From this it is clear that man is not ha+in*ability of ne*ati+e or positi+e in this matter , He told on the earth and sraceG,&, ecessity,%, Options,So it is re8uired the lan*ua*e of heart than the lan*ua*e of ton*ue /hich /illattract His attention, He told such person is called man of the coura*e in /hoseheart and soul there /ill be presence of lo+e of Allah is there, ot comparin*a*ainst this and not to blame the Satan and it is *ood to control one@s soul andto under*o hardships in this matter,As the Satan says KOh 4 man my face /as made mirror and presented before youand your face /as made mirror and presented before me , :hen 3 see you then 3/ill /eeps myself and /hen you see me then you /ill smile ,L So it is *ood

to learn Mysticism from Satan /ho ne+er prostrate other than Allah nor heaccepted the censure of the /orld and follo/ed their /ay, Due to this reason /eshould


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a /ay that there should be no doubt of t/o thin*s on the /ay of Allah, Becauseit /ill be called shir< infidelityG, 3t means that your ton*ue should not


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$, "uhad AsecticismG,(, :aru #iousnessG,&, Ta/a


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then the /isdom /ill be run a/ay from there, Because the /isdom is incapableand from it the


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He told one /ho /ill follo/ faithfulness then he /ill not ta


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/ill be finished and become nothin* upon reachin* in the court of Allah, He toldnobody should not /a*e /ar /ith the nature,He told one /ho /ill do /orship for the desire of the hea+en and thin< himself doin* the /or< of Allah but actually he /ill not belon*s to the persons /ho/or


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there /ill be no attribute of humility in him, He told the person /ho /ill


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polytheism G and infidelity as /ell as from the sins,(, Second. such persons to /hom Allah /ill *rants his li*ht of blessin* and dueto this help they /ill be free from the small and bi* sins,&, Third. such persons to /hom Allah /ill *rants his ifayat sufficiencyG and/ith the help of this they /ill be free from careless persons and bad ideas,

He told to thin< lo/ the Dar/esh Mystic G person and to become an*ry soon isdue to follo/in* of the soul , He told if one /ho /ill follo/ his soul thenser+itude /ill not there so he /ill claim for the pro+idence, The person /ho


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do*s are in it and there are also fe/ numbers of an*els /ho are there in the prison and /ho despite of their desire of release they could not *et release fromthere, 3ts meanin* is that Allah created fe/ *ood persons and many bad personsand all of them are


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;(,

Abu Omeru a


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but this is the only /ay to re*ain your lost health and /ill become a normal and

*ood person a*ain,L :hen she heard this she left her house in the mid ni*ht in

hurry to see her father for the early reco+ery of her health soon, :hen her father

sa/ her in his

house he as


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pleasure of obli*ations ,

%, 3t is bi* problem to follo/ inordinate appetites,

2, 3f there is no decency in the loo


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;&,

7affer 7ildi

He /as a famous friend of 7unaid of Ba*hdad, He follo/ed 3slamic urisprudence

and the mystic /ay in the best possible manner,

He /as also perfect in the


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he as


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after/ards. and for this reason he is a/ay from the ri*ht path,L

He said KFor the patience of one minute . such a person /ill be eli*ible for the

benefits of both /orlds,L

He said KTrust is the matter in /hich one should be *rateful for any thin*

a+ailable for him. or not in both these conditions one should not feel any

difference

and be happy and if any thin* is not a+ailable. and also there should be *rief if any

thin* is a+ailable /ith him and so he should be in the same condition in both

situations and not feel any difference at all,L

He has one *em /ith him and once it fell into Ti*ris ri+er, He


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the


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:hen they learned that he /as Shai


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(, From the place of ifa8,enimityG

A person /ill al/ays en*a*e in the deeds of enmity and differences and other lo/

and mean acts,

He said KTo ma


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;2,

Abu Abdallah Mohammed Bin Hussein

He /as one of the famous Shei


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persons of the /orld,L

;0,Abu 3sha8ue >arzoni

He /as


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education so he /ill used to reach the school daily first from other students andno other pupil could not come before him,He used to complete his daily lessons first from other students, So he /as becomefirst ran< and best student in the school, He soon became perfect in many


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constructed a bi* mos8ue in /hich there /ere three ro/s of the prayer carpets

/ere a+ailable ,

One he sa/ the prophet in his dream that he /as ma


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more than him, But such popularity and fame /hich is not a+ailable to him despite

of his mastery on many


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Once one 7e/ +isited him and told him he is Muslim and stayed /ith him as his

*uest in the house for some period of time, Due to his fear of disclosin* his

reli*ion he hid himself behind the pillar of the house but daily he used to pro+ide

him food pro+isions re*ularly, After stay of some days /ith him he /as as


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He told for the pious person the lo/est punishment for him to taarzon city no/ there are fe/ Muslims persons are there and there are

many fire /orshippers are there but one time /ill come then there /ill be many

Muslims in this place and fe/ fire /orshippers /ill be there,

After his sayin* t/enty four thousand fire /orshippers accepted the reli*ion of

3slam due to his propa*ation and endea+ours, He told it is matter of coura*e that

one person /ho /ill ta


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there, And if 3 am not deser+ed for our fa+our then send me to the hell in a

such /ay that nobody could not see me there and for this reason my enemies

may not be pleased in this matter, K

He told one /ho is not ha+in* control on his feelin*s of se then he should marry

soon so that he could control this problem smoothly , And for him if there is no

difference of /all and /omen then he /ould ha+e marry some /omen, But his

condition is similar to that person /ho is dro/nin* into the ri+er /ater and for him

there is no escape from there, He told that person is most unluc


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person and /ho /ill continue to ta


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At the time of his death he told his disciples that he is *oin* to lea+e this /orld

soon so he /ant to ad+ise them to the follo/in* thin*s so they should hear and

act upon them,

$, To obey his successor,

(, To read 9uran in the mornin* time,

&, To loo< after the tra+elers,

%, To li+e /ith lo+e and cooperation /ith all,

Durin* his life time he entered the names of all his disciples and admirers in one

re*ister and in his last ad+ise he told them to


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He used to ta


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Shei


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sincerely, So you should remember Abul Hasan because Abul Hasan /ill

remember Allah for your sa


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that person /as as


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*round /ith his feet /ith full force and due to this reason the shrine /alls /ere

be*an mo+in* so Abu Saeed re8uested him to stop this as there /as possibility of

fallin* the buildin* as the earth and s


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reason in this matter so he told them that it is *ood deed that not to tal< before

shei


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ho/ he /ill become *reat upon /earin* his dress, So /hen that person heard his

remar


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the holy prophet, Because Abu !ahab and Abu 7ahal sa/ the prophet but their

misfortune /as not *one from them, So he told him to taraceG

because ecept the four caliphs and the companions nobody /as seen the prophet

and for this point he can refer the follo/in* +erse from the holy 9uran and its

meanin* is mentioned as follo/s, KOh I #rophet you /ill see to the persons /ho

/ill loo< at you but they could not see you at all,L So /hen Mahmud heard this

+erse he /as +ery happy in this matter and he /as re8uested him for his further


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and in the last Mehmud of >azni /as +ictorious in this *reat historic of /ar in

3ndia /hich /as opened a *ate /ay to 3slam in 3ndia,

3n the ni*ht Mehmud sa/ in his dream in /hich Abul Hasan 9ar8ani told him K

Oh 4 Mehmud you as


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*ranted him his permission and he /as en*a*ed himself in the ser+ice of his

mother, :hen his brother commenced his /orship and in its be*innin* he /as

heard a di+ine call in /hich it /as told that K :e ha+e *ranted Our mercy on your

brother and for his sa


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in the unity of *odG so that nothin* /ill be there ecept :ahidanitthe belief in the

unity of *odG and in this /ay he /ill not be there then ho/ the an*els /ill brin*

the punishment on him,

Once in the ni*ht durin* prayer time he heard a di+ine call in /hich it /as told

do you desire that /e should disclose /hate+er :e


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He told e+en thou*h he /as not ha+in* basic education but due to


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A*ain he told the persons that /ho used to


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he /ould die instead of the man


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He told the man


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He used to pray in his hymn K Oh 4Allah 3 do not ha+e confidence in

asceticism ./orship.


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He told if there /ere no hell and hea+en /ere made by Allah so that it can be find

out that ho/ many lo+ers of Allah are there and also find out the total number of

persons /ho /ill /orship Allah to be free from the hell, He told he used to pray

Allah to free the man


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after that he /ill proceeded to/ards the hea+en, One /ho is not ha+in* faith in this

matter then that person should not come to/ards him and con+ey Salam to him,

He told Allah *ranted him such a thin* /ith /hich he /as died, And after this

Allah /ill *i+e him such a life in /hich there /ill be no 8uestion of death /ill be

possible, He told if he /ould say somethin* before the learned persons of eishapur then they /ill discontinue their preachin* and lea+e their pulpits, He

told he has truce /ith the creatures and the 1reator and there /ill be no /ar

a*ainst them,

He told if he /ould feel no dan*er of the creatures then he /ould epress the

fact that he /as reached the status and le+el of Bayazid and also he /ould tell the

thin* /hich Bayazid /as told to Allah, He told further that he /as also reached

there /here the thin


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He told on the day of ud*ment Allah /ill call him to come near to Him and /ill

as< him /hat he /ill demand there and then he /ill re8uest Him Allah G to brin*

the persons /ho /ere /ith him in the /orld and also he /ill demand for the

persons /ho +isited his tomb upon his death and the persons /ho heard his name

or not, Then at that time Allah /ill pass commandment in this matter as he Abul

Hasan G /as obeyed His orders in the /orld so no/ He Allah G /ill accept his

re8uest there, Then due to the commandment of Allah all those persons /ill be

brou*ht there ,

So at that moment the prophet /ill say to him if he /ant then he /ill pro+ide a

place before him but he /ill reply to him that as in the /orld he follo/ed him so

here also he /ill follo/ him and /ill be obedient of him there,

Then due to command of Allah the an*els /ill spread a floor of li*ht on /hich he

Abul Hasan 9ar8aniG /ill stood there, The prophet /ill brin* such *reat pious

persons and /hose records brea


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matterL, K Oh 4 Allah he sacrificed all of his thin*s on our /ay and also he

spent the thin*s belon*s to ou AllahG, Oh 4 Allah 3 pray ou to finish my

eistence so that ou only remainL, He told that he passed forty steps and his

first step /as from the s


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He told the secret /hich are in the hearts of pious person are there if they /ill

re+eal one of it then the creations of s


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He told due to


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He told the pious persons should lea+e the /orld in such a /ay that the /orld

should not


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the belief in the unity of *od G and finish his eistence , He told there are t/o

names of


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%, They do not ha+e much relation /ith the man


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He told if Allah /ill *rant the hi*hest place in the another /orld to somebody

there due to his status and position then he should not desire that his friends /ill

also *et such *reat and superior position li


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He told Allah created ?? /orlds for the pious person and /idth of one /orld is

from the east to /est and from empyrean to nether re*ions, The description of

about other ?= /orlds is +ery difficult and tou*h tas< and there is no capability

/ith anybody to describe about them, He told the eample of pious person is li


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&, To


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the see


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He told 3f there /ill be one drop from ocean of mercy of Allah and if it /ill fall

on any person in the /orld then that person /ill not desire anythin* and e+en he

/ill not tal< or hear from anybody, He told to follo/ the enmity is /orst thin*

in the /orld, He told e+en thou*h the prayer and fastin* are *ood deeds but to ta


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is His messen*er, 3ts meanin* is that upon findin* the personality of Allah the

persons /ill be dro/n into the ocean of surprise so that they could not e+en

remember the 3slamic creed, He told search the company of such pious persons

/ho /ere burn do/n themsel+es by the fire of lo+e of Allah and they /ere dro/n

into the ocean of *rief,

He told Dar/esh is one and in him there /ill be no action of peace is a+ailable

nor there should be


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and upon loo


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He told if you once caused sorro/ to Allah then re*ret Him in your entire life,

Because if Allah /ill for*i+e you by His


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(, Fear,

&, To spend life /ith Allah,

%, To choose suitable and a*reeable condition on the /ay of Allah ,

He told Allah allotted some /or


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the status and position of disciples /ill be increased as per the ser+ice and care of

his Murshid Sufi Master G , He told the people /ill do fishin* in the /aters but

the pious people /ill do fishin* on the earth, But the people /ill ta


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all lo*ics are useless and nothin* , He told /hen the lo+ers /ill find Allah and

then they /ill *et lost in this matter,

He told the /ritin*s on the Tablet is meant only for the creations and it does not

relates to the pious persons , He told to bear *rief and /orries in the /orld because

due to its sa


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consciousness and he left the /orld /ith consciousness and Shibli came into the

/orld in the condition of un-consciousness and he left the /orld in the condition

of un-consciousness, He told if these persons /ill be as


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hardships and troubles to tra+el from East to :est to see the pious person of

Allah /hich hardhsipsG are less than the loo< of pious persons, He told his soul is

in demand of one drau*ht of cold /ater since %) years but he is not allo/in* him,

He told since ;) years he is in the company of Allah and spent the time in such

a /ay that durin* this period he ne+er follo/ed his soul there, He told he has a

desire to eat brinal since forty years but he could not eat it, But one ni*ht due to

ad+ise of his mother he ate the brinal and in the same ni*ht somebody


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He told one ni*ht Allah told him in his dream that did he /ant Him AllahG to

become his friendP,So he replied that Him AllahG no in this respect, A*ain there

/as a di+ine call in /hich it /as told that did he ha+e any desire to become his

friendP So he replied no in this matter, A*ain it /as told that the persons /ho /ere

passed a/ay from the /orld and they ha+e their desires that Allah /ould become

their friend but /hy he did not li


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Some persons sa/ him in their dreams and as


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;?,

Abu asser Sira

He /as a *reat man of


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/ill be fire /hich can burn e+ery thin* ecept the lo+e of Allah,L

There are three


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=)

Abul Abbas 9asab

He /as amon* truthful persons of his time and due to piety and sanctity he /as

perfect to find the defects of the soul, The people used to call him K Spiritualist of

the


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He said that the master is li


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the /orld and they also left peace and pleasure of another /orld for the pious

persons. and in this /ay such persons left all thin*s ecept Him and they are proud

that Allah *ranted them status of ser+itude in His court of pro+idence , 3n this /ay.

Allah *ranted honour to his sla+es ,L He said Kntil there /ill be problems of me

and you.are there then there /ill be insinuation and /orship /ill be appear, 3f such

differences /ill be o+er then insinuation and /orship /ill

disappear automatically,L He said KThose /ho


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Allah, 3ts meanin* is that on the Day of 7ud*ement. prophet Adam peace be upon

himG /ill be proud of him as he belon*s to his *eneration and also it /ill be of

coolin* for the eyes of last prophet of Allah as he is amon* his mmat nationG,L

He told KOn the Day of 7ud*ement his fla* /ill be bi**er than all other fla*s and

unless all prophets from prophet Adam peace be upon himG to prophet Moses

peace be upon himG come under his fla*. he /ill not a*ree ,L The author of the

boo< says that this sayin* is similar to the sayin* of Bayazid Bustami /hich isa+ailable in the boo< that his fla* is bi**er than the fla* of prophet Moses peace

be upon himG, He said KMy asceticism@s lo/est status is that if he too< the spade in

his hand and stri


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difficult for him to lea+e his place and to *o to the mos8ue for prayerL, But he

thou*ht a*ain about the 3slamic Shariah and /ent to the mos8ue for the

con*ressional prayer,

(&(


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=(,

Memshad Denuri

He /as a famous saint for piety and mysticism, He *ained


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the houses of the city dro/ned but since his shrine /as on hi*her le+el. there /as

no dama*e and all the people of the city /ent there for shelter and stayed there,

At that time he sa/ that person /ho came o+er sittin* on his prayer mat /hich

/as floatin* on the /ater, So he as


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(,Some people /orship idols of their /ealth,

&,Some people /orship idols of their /i+es and children,

%,Some people /orship their industry and business,

2,Some people /orship their #rayers and "a


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&, For the /aste of the present time /hich is a+ailable /ith him,L

He said such time is better for us /hen /e are near to Allah and a/ay from the

creations, To clear such thin*s from the heart /hich are li


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He said K Mysticism is in bet/een choice and un-choice and the name of it is

called epression, To lea+e un-necessary thin*s is also called mysticism, To lea+e

thin*s /hich are li


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=&,

Abu 3sha8ue 3brahim Shebani

He /as a famous shei


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ordered punishment by cannin* ()) times and imprisonment, So he /as

imprisoned for the many years for the abo+e reason and once Shei


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and so Allah /ill create troubles for him and his position /ill *o do/n in

man


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=%,

Abu Ba


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there is no path from man


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the other /orld and /ithout /hich there /ill be no reachin* to/ards Allah,

He said KThe uni+erse is a +eil and an enemy to me. but /hile in them 3 can not

do any thin* and 3 am helpless,L

He said K3n any /or< if there is hypocrisy and sho/ . one should not be proud of

it,L

He said KAl/ays be coura*eous in life because it is important and all results

depend upon it, One can *et e+erythin* /ith coura*e . as only coura*e is the

feelin* that ma


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=2,

Abu Hamza Mohammad Bin

3brahim Ba*hdadi

He follo/ed the solitude /ay of life but he /as respected *reatly by shei


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lo+e for the unity of Allah,L

But /hy he did such an act /hich is similar to the act of s/eet ma


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$, He /ill face insult after respect

(, He /ill face po+erty after riches

&, He /ill become un


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=0,

Abu Ali Da8a8

He /as a perfect personality in mystic


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Once. one dar/esh /as present in his ser+ice and sa/ he /as /earin* a Tabri

turban /hich /as +ery beautiful and he li


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preachin* and one person from that *atherin* as


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be able to control the Satanic apprehensions from the human heart,L

Once his disciple /ho /as a business man became ill so he /ent to see him and

as


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Once he /as /earin* a *ood loo


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He also told me another e+ent of a sla+e /ith /hom his master /as an*ry and

remo+ed him from ser+ice but upon the recommendation of some persons his

master for*a+e his mista


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/ant to *et it for the net /orld then one should


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that place due to his passion he said KOh4 Allah 3 s/ear in the name of Thy *race

that if 3 /ould ha+e


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could reach the /ay /hich leads to/ards Allah, 3n the be*innin* one /ho /ill not

follo/ the perfect teacher and master /ill not *et the


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status and position then his coura*e /ill demand that upon attainin* status that he

should lea+e the same,

He said KThe thin* /hich is *i+en by Allah /ithout demand /ill enli*hten the

soul,L

He said KOne /ho has spent all his life in disobedience of Allah and if Allah

*i+es him a palace on the Day of 7ud*ement . he /ill feel sorry . and /hen he

remembers his disobedience. then his pleasure of hea+en /ill become hell for him,And one /ho did one *ood deed /ith truthfulness in his /hole life. Allah /ill

send him to hell and /hen he remembers his deed. the fire of hell /ill become

cold for him, So that person /ill feel the pleasure of hea+en in hell,L

He said K3f any person demands the +isible thin*s . he /ill be accounted for it

.but if any person /ho does not demand the in+isible thin*s. then he /ill not be

accounted for it,L

He said K3f Allah brin*s punishment on any person this is also His si*n of po/er

and nature because man


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*ood for you to re-sell it to others because this purchase and sale is not le*al . nor

/ill it *i+e benefit the other persons,L

He said KThere are three


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/ill *i+e for them for their cause, And to ac8uire


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KOh Allah. treat me li


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=;,

Abu Ali Sa8fi

He /as a leader of shei


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She replied there /ere many people a+ailable in her locality but no one is ready to

carry the bier of this person as he /as a biseual , For this reason all of them

tried to i*nore this funeral ecept these three persons and myself, :hen 3 heard

this story 3 /as shoc


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For the ri*hteous persons the follo/in* four thin*s are +ery important4

$, Truth in sayin*s

(, Truth in friendship

&, Truth in trust

%, Truth in actions

He said K The


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== ,

Abu Ali Ahmed Cudbari

He faced many difficulties in his efforts and in obser+ation but he /as perfect in

/orship and miracles, He spent most of his life in E*ypt but he /as from

Ba*hdad, He *ot fa+our from 7unaid and /as trained by Abul Hasan and died in

the year &(= in E*ypt, He once said upon death of one dar/esh that he tried to putsome soil on his forehead but the dar/esh opened his eyes and told him KOh 4 Abu

Ali .one /ho blessed me . before Him you try to insult me. so he as


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/orld is called Sufism,L

A sufi is one /ho e+en after ten days of star+ations /ill not be un*rateful to

Allah. and to lea+e all the doors ecept the door of Allah is called Sufism,

And he said KSufi is one /ho if Allah /ill dis*race him $)) times he /ill still

be at His door and /ill ne+er brea< his relationship /ith Allah,L

He said there must be a balance bet/een hope . and fear because these t/o

thin*s are li


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$, 3llness of temperament

(, To follo/ al/ays one habit

&, Bad company

The meanin* of illness is to use ille*al and doubtful thin*s,

The illness of habit is to hear and bac< bitin*,

The illness of company is to

Documents

Muslim Saints and Mystics Episodes from the Tadhkirah al-Awliya of Farid al-Din Attar