Mussolini’s ExecutionMussolini was taken prisoner by the partisans and was joined by his mistress, Clara Petacci. A few days later they were shot to death. In April of 1945, their bodies were hung at an Esso gas station along with the bodies of other fascist leaders.

(2)Italy was the soft unberbelly

Took over (6)300,000 men to capture Italy

Mussolini and his mistresswww.hfcsd.org/ww2/WW%202%20Timeline/Road%20to%20War/The%20Rise%20of%20Mussolini%20in%20Italy.ppt

The Yalta and Potsdam Conferences-(7)TEHRAN, IRAN

- HOW TO SPLIT UP EUROPE AND TAKE CONTROL OF WORLD

Chapter 14 part 3 Strategic Bombing• In 1942, Britain’s Royal Air Force (RAF)

and the U.S. Air Force started dropping an average of 3,500 tons of explosives on Germany per month.

• By May of 1945, they were averaging (3)53,000 tons of explosives per month.

• (4)The Air was now controlled by allies due to these bombings

• With air control Allies took back Paris on (20)Aug.25th 1944

• This caused an oil shortage, destroyed the railroad system, and destroyed aircraft factories in Germany.

Operation OverlordSlide 2 of 8

• This was the code name for the allied invasion of France.

• General Dwight D. Eisenhower was chosen as the commander of this operation.

• 1.5 million soldiers, 12,000 airplanes, and 5 million tons of equipment were sent to England to be used.

• This invasion was nicknamed D-Day.• The date for the allied invasion was (9)June

6th 1944.• The landing was going to happen on the

French beaches of (8)Normandy.

Gen. Eisenhower Gives the Orders for D-Day [“Operation

Overlord”]

Gen. Eisenhower Gives the Orders for D-Day [“Operation

Overlord”]

D-Day (June 6, 1944)D-Day (June 6, 1944)

Normandy Landing

(June 6, 1944)

Normandy Landing

(June 6, 1944)

Higgins Landing Crafts

German Prisoners

Taking Back the PacificSlide 3 of 8

• Many famous battles took place between the U.S. and Japan between 1942-1945.

1. Midway 4. Marshall Islands

2. Coral Sea 5. Guam3. Guadalcanal 6. Okinawa

• General Douglas MacArthur was responsible for capturing Japanese strongholds in the Pacific.

• The battle of (16)Leyte Gulf was the longest naval battle in history.

LEYTE GULF

Battle of The BulgeSlide 4 of 8

• Hitler tried to cut off Allied supplies coming through Antwerp Belgium.

• The attack began on (21)December 16th 1944.

• Weather during the battle was cold with six inches of snow.

• Many soldiers fought in Hedgerows or (19)giant dirt walls

• This attack put a bulge in the allied defense lines.

• Bastonge was a key city in the battle due to the roads that intersected there.

• Finally after heavy fighting the Germans began to withdraw on Jan. 8th 1945.

The Battle of the Bulge:Hitler’s Last Offensive

The Battle of the Bulge:Hitler’s Last Offensive

Dec. 16, 1944to

Jan. 28, 1945

Truman Becomes PresidentSlide 5 of 8

• On (25)April 12th 1945 while vacationing in Warm Springs Georgia, FDR died of a stroke.

• Vice President (26)Harry S. Truman became the 33rd President of the U.S.

• Truman was from the state of Missouri.

V-E DaySlide 6 of 8

• Soviet forces raced toward Berlin from the east.

• U.S. forces raced toward Berlin from the west.

• April 30th 1945, (22)Hitler committed suicide.

• May 7th 1945 Germany surrendered.• (24)May 8th 1945 was declared V-

E day which stood for Victory in Europe Day.

V-E Day (May 8, 1945)V-E Day (May 8, 1945)

General Keitel

Hitler Commits Suicide April 30, 1945

Hitler Commits Suicide April 30, 1945

The Führer’s Bunker

Cyanide & Pistols

Mr. & Mrs. Hitler

The Manhattan Project• Japanese would become so desperate to win that

they started to become Kamikaze or (18)Divine Wind pilots which was their code for (17)suicide bombers

• 32)The American program to build an atomic bomb was code named the Manhattan Project. It was headed by Leslie R. Groves.

• The nuclear reactor was built at the University of Chicago.

• The bomb was built in Los Alamos New Mexico.• J. Robert Oppenheimer led the team in the

bombs construction.• Also had world’s best physicist (31)Leo Szilard

on board as well• Uranium for the bomb was purified at the Oak

Ridge National Lab in TN.• The world’s (33)first atomic bomb was tested

on July 16th 1945.

The Manhattan Project:Los Alamos,

NM

The Manhattan Project:Los Alamos,

NM

Dr. Robert Oppenheimer

I have become death,

the shatterer of worlds!

I have become death,

the shatterer of worlds!

Major GeneralLesley R. Groves

Dropping The BombSlide 8 of 8

• August 6th 1945 a B-29 bomber named the Enola Gay dropped the first atomic bomb on the Japanese city of (34)Hiroshima.

• The bomb was code named Little Boy.

• August 9th a second bomb was dropped on the city of (35)Nagasaki.

• September 2nd, 1945 Japan signed the official surrender papers on the American battleship Missouri in Tokyo Bay.

Tinian Island, 1945Tinian Island, 1945

Little Boy Fat Man

Enola Gay Crew

Col. Paul Tibbets & the A-Bomb

Col. Paul Tibbets & the A-Bomb

Hiroshima – August 6, 1945

Hiroshima – August 6, 1945

© 70,000 killed immediately.

© 48,000 buildings. destroyed.

© 100,000s died of radiation poisoning & cancer later.

Nagasaki – August 9, 1945

Nagasaki – August 9, 1945

© 40,000 killed immediately.

© 60,000 injured.© 100,000s died of

radiation poisoning& cancer later.

Japanese A-Bomb Survivors

Japanese A-Bomb Survivors

Shadows left – nothing more

What do you see???

V-J Day in Times Square, NYC

V-J Day in Times Square, NYC

The Nuremberg Trials • While Europe rebuilt itself, the

surviving (39)22 members of the Nazi leadership was put on trial by an international military tribunal for “crimes against humanity.”– Hitler, Heinrich Himmler (architect

of the Holocaust), and several others had already committed suicide and cheated the hangman.

• Started first (38)International Military Tribunal

Postwar Japan • Much like Europe, Japan was in

shambles as well, having been firebombed repeatedly, let alone the results of the two atomic bombs.

Occupation Brings Deep Changes

• The greatest change to impact Japan was in regards to the Emperor himself. During WWII, he was God on earth, and over one million Japanese sacrificed their lives for his sake, as an honorable death for the emperor was a direct pass to heaven.– Despite this fact, after

WWII, Emperor Hirohito was no longer a divine (God-sent) ruler and his power was reduced sharply.

(40)25 japanese leaders would be convicted or war crimes and put to death

WW II Casualties: Europe

WW II Casualties: Europe

Each symbol indicates 100,000

dead in the appropriate theater

of operations

WW II Casualties: AsiaWW II Casualties: Asia

Each symbol indicates 100,000

dead in the appropriate theater

of operations

WW II Casualtie

s

WW II Casualtie

s

Country Men in war Battle deaths Wounded

Australia 1,000,000 26,976 180,864

Austria 800,000 280,000 350,117

Belgium 625,000 8,460 55,5131

Brazil2 40,334 943 4,222

Bulgaria 339,760 6,671 21,878

Canada 1,086,3437 42,0427 53,145

China3 17,250,521

1,324,516 1,762,006

Czechoslovakia — 6,6834 8,017

Denmark — 4,339 —

Finland 500,000 79,047 50,000

France — 201,568 400,000

Germany 20,000,000

3,250,0004 7,250,000

Greece — 17,024 47,290

Hungary — 147,435 89,313

India 2,393,891 32,121 64,354

Italy 3,100,000 149,4964 66,716

Japan 9,700,000 1,270,000 140,000

Netherlands 280,000 6,500 2,860

New Zealand 194,000 11,6254 17,000

Norway 75,000 2,000 —

Poland — 664,000 530,000

Romania 650,0005 350,0006 —

South Africa 410,056 2,473 —

U.S.S.R. — 6,115,0004 14,012,000

United Kingdom 5,896,000 357,1164 369,267

United States 16,112,566

291,557 670,846

Yugoslavia 3,741,000 305,000 425,000

1. Civilians only.2. Army and navy figures.3. Figures cover period

July 7, 1937 to Sept. 2, 1945, and concern only Chinese regular troops. They do not include casualties suffered by guerrillas and local military corps.

4. Deaths from all causes.5. Against Soviet Russia;

385,847 against Nazi Germany.

6. Against Soviet Russia; 169,822against Nazi Germany.

7. National Defense Ctr., CanadianForces Hq., Director of History.

7 Future American Presidents Served in World War II

7 Future American Presidents Served in World War II

The U.S. & the U.S.S.R. Emerged as the Two

Superpowers of the later 20c

The U.S. & the U.S.S.R. Emerged as the Two

Superpowers of the later 20c

United Nations was reduced to 5

permanent members : (37)EnglandFranceChinaUSSRUSA

All future world meetings would now be held in (36)WASHINGTON D.C.

FOOD FOR THOUGHT?

• Did we do the right thing in using the atomic bomb to end the war; or should we have continued fighting knowing that many thousands more American soldiers would have died?

• Explain your answer / position in no less than

3 sentences.

Ch 14 sec 4&5 – Tech Time- be sure to put your name on your e-mail1- African Invasion 26- Harry Truman

2- Italy 27- Terrain & Tunnels3- 53,000 28- Napalm4- The Air 29- Base Near Japan5- Victor Emmanuel 30- European in power6- 300,000 31- Leo Szilard7- Tehran . Iran 32- Project to build Atom Bomb8- Normandy 33- 1st atom bomb test9- June 6th, 1945 34- Hiroshima10- Utah , Omaha, Gold, Sword, Juno 35- Nagasaki11- American Forces in D-day 36- Washington DC12- Getting off boats & into position 37- Britain, France, China, USSR , USA13- Amphibious tractor 38- International Military Tribunal14- Fly farther with more weapons 39- Prosecuted & Executed15- Philippine Islands 40- 25 Japanese leaders tried & executed16- Leyte gulf17- Dive bomb/ suicide18- Divine Wind19- Dirt Walls20- August 25th,194421-December 16th, 194422- Hitler committed suicide23- Karl Doenitz24- May 8th,194525- April 12th, 1945 warm springs GA