My Brother Martin

By Christine King Farris

illustrated by Chris Soentpiet

Day 1 Day 4Day 2 Day 5Day 3Vocabulary DefinitionsVocabulary SentencesAdditional Resources

Study Skills• Genre: Biography• Comprehension Skill: Cause and

Effect• Comprehension Strategy:

Answer Questions• Comprehension Review Skill:

Fact and Opinion• Vocabulary: Word Structure—

Endings

Genre: Biography A biography is the story

of a real person’s life as told be someone else. In this biography, a sister shares childhood memories of her younger brother. Why do you think she chose to tell about these experiences?

SummaryFew people know about what Martin Luther King, Jr. was like as a child. His older sister, Christine, tells stories of their childhood, full of love and fun. She remembers when her little brother “M.L.” told their mother, “One day, I am going to turn this world upside down.”

Comprehension Review Skill- Fact or Opinion

• A fact is a statement that can be proven either true or false.• An opinion is a statement based on someone’s judgment, belief, or way of thinking.

Day 1 - Question of the Week

• How can words change people’s lives?

Vocabulary - Say It

• ancestors• avoided• generations

• minister

numerous pulpit shielding

More Words to Know

confronted injustice

nourishingdemonstrating

integratesympathy

Comprehension Strategy Answer Questions

• Good readers can answer questions about what they read.• Sometimes the answer to a question will be in one place in the text and sometimes it will be in several places.• Sometimes you must combine what you read with what you already know.

Listen to the Story

Comprehension SkillCause and Effect

• The effect is what happens. • The cause is why it happens.• Clue words such as because, so,

therefore, and as a result can signal causes and effects.

• Sometimes one effect becomes the cause of another effect, which causes another, and so on. This is called a chain of events.

Practice Cause and Effect

1.CauseJack’s textbooks are old and damaged.

2.Effect CauseJack’s mother complains to the principal, who cannot help.

3.Effect CauseShe visits a lawyer, and he files a lawsuit for her.

Practice Cause and Effect

4.EffectA judge decides in Jack’s favor.

5.When do you think this fictional story takes place? Use the information from the text and your prior knowledge to answer the question.The story probably takes place in the early days of the Civil Rights Movement.

1. Why is it important to rimember the lessons of history.

2. If we don’t remember history we may make the same mistakes.

What is a Conjunction?

• A conjunction is like glue. It helps things to stick together.

• A conjunction joins words, phrases, and sentences, which are called clauses.

What is a Conjunction?• Conjunctions join two or more

words. Example: I went to the store to buy

eggs, milk, and bread.

What is a Conjunction?• Conjunctions can join two

prepositional phrases.

Ex. I went skiing down the hill and past the trees.

What is a Conjunction?• Conjunctions can connect two clauses or

sentences. • When two sentences are joined, a

comma MUST be placed before the conjunction.

Ex. I played cards for awhile, but then I played chess.

Types of Conjunctions• One type of conjunction is the coordinating

conjunction. • They connect words, phrases, and clauses,

which are sentences. • They connect things of equal value. (This means that they would connect a noun

with another noun or a prepositional phrase with another prepositional phrase.)

Types of Conjunctions

• There are seven coordinating conjunctions:

and but or for

nor yet so

Spelling Words Schwa

• stomach• memory• Canada• element• mystery

science remember forget suppose iron

Spelling Words Schwa

• gravel• difficult• fortune• giant• architect

normal notify privilege cement yesterday

Different dictionaries may show different vowels for the schwa sound.

CHALLENGE

• ridiculous• syllable

• magnificent• asparagus• cinnamon

Day 2 - Question of the Day

•What new or surprising information about Martin Luther King, Jr. does this biography give?

Vocabulary Skill:Word Structure—Endings

• Sometimes the ending –ed or

–ing is added to a verb or the ending –s is added to a noun.

• If a word with one of these endings seems hard for you, try the following:

Vocabulary Skill:Word Structure—Endings

–Cover the ending and identify the base form of the verb or noun.–Do you know this word? If you do, think about its meaning. Picture the action the verb describes.–If you do not, check the words around the word. Try to find clues that can help you figure out the meaning.–Check to see if the meaning makes sense in the sentence.

ancestors

people from whom you are descended, such as your great-grandparents

avoided

kept away from; kept out of the way of

generations

periods of about thirty years, or the time from the birth of one generation to the birth of the next generation

minister

member of the clergy; spiritual guide; pastor

numerous

very many

pulpit

platform or raised structure in a church from which the minister preaches

shielding

protecting; defending

confronted

faced boldly, opposed

injustice

lack of justice, fairness, lawfulness

nourishing

keep well-fed and healthy; producing health and growth

demonstrating

taking part in a parade or meeting to protest or to make demands

integrate

to make public places available to people or all races on an equal basis

sympathy

agreement; approval; favor

Weekly Fluency Check -Phrasing

●Read aloud “A Class of One”. Explain that you will group words that make sense together.

● Partners read aloud p. 651, paragraph 1, three times. Group words into meaningful phrases. Give each other feedback.

3. Violence is dramatic, and nonviolence is often effectiver.

4. Its diffecult not to fight back when others are fighting you.

Let’s Review . . .The conjunction is the seventh of the eight parts of

speech. Just for the record, here are all eight:

• Noun• Pronoun• Adjective• Verb• Adverb• Preposition• Conjunction• Interjection

First, let's start with a basic definition: Conjunctions are words that join words or

groups of words.

There are two main types:coordinating conjunctionssubordinating conjunctions

Coordinating conjunctions include:

• And• Or• But• For• Nor

These conjunctions connect words, phrases, and clauses of equal value.

Let’s practice . . .

Write 3 sentences that include coordinating conjunctions.

Do they connect words, phrases, and clauses of equal value?

Independent Clauses:Clauses of equal value are called independent clauses and

can stand on their own as separate sentences.

Example:John is running in this race and I am carrying his water

bottle.

Each clause can stand alone:John is running in this race.I am carrying his water bottle.

Double check your sentences - conjunctions connect words, phrases, and clauses of equal value.

Subordinating conjunctions:

Subordinating conjunctions introduce dependent clauses.

Dependent clauses cannot stand alone as a single sentence.

In fact, the clause is dependent on the rest of the sentence for its meaning.

Dependent Clauses:Dependent Clauses cannot stand alone as a single sentence.The clause is dependent on the rest of the sentence for its

meaning.

Example:Since I will not be home, Tina will answer the phone.

"Since I will not be home" doesn't make sense by itself.It is dependent on the rest of the sentence for its meaning.

Most commonly used subordinating conjunctions include:

• Although *When• Because *Before• As *If• While• Until• Whether• Since• After• So that

Subordinating Conjunctions

Now let’s practice . . .

Subordinating conjunctions introduce dependent clauses.

With a partner, come up with at least 3 examples of sentences that include Subordinating Conjunctions that introduce Dependent Clauses.

Group Work

• Readers & WB 254• Spelling Day 2• Language Arts Day 2• Tri-Fold Section 2• SmartBoard- Vocabulary Review

Day 3 - Question of the Day

•How do Martin Luther King, Jr. s’ experiences show the power or words to change the world?

Review Questions1.What is an opinion about Martin’s

father?

2.What is the main idea of the selection?

3.Is it a fact or an opinion that the King children played with two white boys?

4.How were the King’s children and the two white boys alike?

5.What was the result of the King’s losing their friends?

Review Questions6. Why did Martin Luther King, Jr. tell

his mother that he would “one day (…) turn the world upside down?”

7. What did M.L. and his father have in common?

8. Why did the father refuse to buy shoes from a store owner?

9. What does the sentence, “These stories were as nourishing as the food that was set before us,” mean?

Review Questions

10. What was M.L. ‘s dream?

11. Why did the author write the story?

12. How does the picture on page 654 show the difference that M.L. made?

Ministers often preach from behind a pulpit.

Ministers often preach from behind a pulpit.

Martin Luther King, Jr. made numerous speeches about equality.

Martin Luther King, Jr. made numerous speeches about equality.

Slaves lived without freedom for many generations.

Slaves lived without freedom for many generations.

In the 1960s, schools were forced to integrate public schools.

In the 1960s, schools were forced to integrate public schools.

Norman Rockwell’s

“The Problem We All Live With”

Many white students stood outside integrated schools demonstrating their anger of having to go to school with colored people.

Many white students stood outside integrated schools demonstrating their anger of having to go to school with colored people.

Very few white people had sympathy for colored families.

Very few white people had sympathy for colored families.

The Underground Railroad was one way of shielding runaway slaves.

The Underground Railroad was one way of shielding runaway slaves.

Link

Slaves who had run away avoided places where they could be recognized by anyone.

Slaves who had run away avoided places where they could be recognized by anyone.

5. Men, woman, but children fought for rights of black Americans.

6. They marched threw the streets, in protest.

Group Work

• SmartBoard- Reading Review• Partner Read & WB 257-258• Spelling Day 3• Language Day 3• Tri-Fold Section3

Day 4 - Question of the Day

Why do you think poems by young people were paired with the biography of Martin Luther King, Jr.?

7. Rev. King dream that the world would be a more good place.

8. Parts of his dream comed true, there is still work to be done.

Conjunction QuizFind the conjunctions in the following sentences.Label them “C” for coordinating or “S” for subordinating.

1. He listened to the man's story and reported it to the policeman on duty.

2. I haven't seen my brother since he left for college.

3. Your aunt or your uncle will pick you up from school today.

4. Tom, Jane, Sue, and Tim will be going on the trip.

Conjunction QuizFind the conjunctions in the following sentences.Label them “C” for coordinating or “S” for subordinating.

5. I remember the old school book, for it was once mine.

6. Sarah did not feel well, but she went to class anyway.

7. Although the old man was hungry, he never said a word to anyone.

8. I think I heard that on the television or radio, although I am not sure.

Group Work

• Reading Computer Test• Essay Questions• Tri-Fold Section 4• Language Day 4

Essay Questions1. How does the last picture show the

changes that M.L. made in the world?2. What was the dream that M.L. had?3. What did the author mean when she

said the stories her parents told “were as nourishing as the food that was set before us”?

Day 5 - Question of the Week

• How can words change people’s lives?

Research Skill Note Taking

• As you read, take notes to help you understand and remember the text.

• Notes should be brief and focus on the most important information. Use keywords, phrases, or short sentences.

• Paraphrase, or restate, someone’s idea using your own words.

Research Skill Note Taking

• Synthesize, or combine, information from different parts of the text or from tow or more texts. Look for ideas that go together. Add your own thoughts.

• Record findings in an organized way, such as a graphic organizer, a summary, or an outline. Include information about sources you read.

Research Skill Note Taking

1. How is this article organized?chronologically

2. Paraphrase the first sentence in the article.Both Cesar Chavez and Dr. King understood the value of equal rights.

3. Why is it important to take note of the fact that Chavez was a migrant worker? It led him to do the work he did as an a adult fighting for civil rights.

4. Is the detail about Chavez joining the U.S. Navy important enough to include in your notes? Why or why not?No, because the article doesn’t focus on what he did in the navy.

Research Skill Note Taking

5. What did Chavez do with the Community Service Organization? He spoke out against discrimination and encouraged voting.

6. What methods of peaceful protest did Chavez use? strikes, fasts, urging people to stop buying certain products

7. Why is it important to write down only the most important ideas when note-taking?If I wrote down every idea and every detail, I wouldn’t be able to focus on the author’s main ideas.

Research Skill Note Taking

8. When taking notes for a report, it is important to write down the title and author of the book or article you are reading. Why do you need to do this? I might need to go back to what I was reading to check for more information.

9. Describe a graphic organizer you might use to organize your notes.I would draw a web. I would put Cesar Chavez in a center circle and write important details about his life in surrounding circles.

10.Copy a section of your notes from the article in the lines below.born in 1927, Arizona; worked as migrant farmer; fought for rights of Latinos

9. King was a great american, and a day is named in her honor.

10. At our school we always reads on of Kings speeches.

Group Work

• SmartBoard- Timeline of Martin Luther King, Jr

• Note Taking Quiz• Reading WB 259-260• Language Arts Day 5• Tri-Fold Section 5• Writing Assignment

Writing Assignment• Write and announcement

promoting some fictional event using as many of the spelling words as possible.• The event may be a play, a

contest or a sporting event.

Additional Resources

• Time Line• Bio-Cube- Online writing• Vocabulary Game• SmartBoard- Vocabulary Review• SmartBoard- Reading Review• Brain Pop- Conjunctions• Main Idea