Mystical Philosophy

8/11/2019 Mystical Philosophy

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Desiderio Valacco

From Zarathustra toKen Wilber: Lives and Works ofProminent Mystical Philosophers


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able of !ontents

"ntroduction: he Definition of Mystical Philosophyand its First #e$innin$s..............................................................7

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1.1. ZOROASTRIAN RELIGION1.1.1 Zarathustra Mystical Prophet o the A!cie!t Persia ........................1"

1.#. GREE$ AN% &ELLENI' P&ILOSOP&( O) T&E ANTI*+IT(1.#.1. Orpheus a!, Pytha-oras The )irst Mystical Philosophers o! the

Europea! Soil............................................................................................1#1.#.#. PreSocratics/ Socrates a!, Plato.....................................................101.#.. Reli-ious Mysticis2 o the Stoic 'lea!thes.......................................131.#.0. Represe!tati4e o the Stoic Mo!is2 Posi,o!ius5555555555.131.#.6. Miracleor8er Apollo!ius o Tya!a5555555555555555191.#.:. Plutarch;s Isis and Osiris..................................................................#"1.#.7. Ploti!us The Greatest Pa-a! &elle!ic Philosopher..........................#11.#.3. The E!i-2atic &er2es Tris2e-istus.................................................#61.#.9. Ia2a!,ria........................................71.0.. Gre-ory;s ;Mysticis2 o Li-ht;...........................................................0"1.0.0. Mysterious )i-ure o Pseu,o%io!ysius Areopa-ite55555555..0#

1.6. &E?RE@ RELIGION1.6.1. Alle-oric I!terpretatio! o the &oly Scripts a!,ria.....00

1.:. &IN%+ISM1.:.1. Pata!ali;s Yoga-Sutras....................................................................06

1.7. ?+%%&ISM BIN%IANC1.7.1. The E!li-hte!e, O!e Gautha2a ?u,,ha.......................................0:1.7.#. Dara(a!a ?u,,his2......................................................................07

1.7.. Teachi!- o! E2pti!ess o the Philosopher Na-aru!a.......................091.7.0. Asa!-a the )ou!,er o (o-acara....................................................09

2


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1.7.6. ?o,hi,har2a the )ou!,er o 'ha! ?u,,his2...............................61

1.3. TAOISM1.3.1. The )ou!,er o Taois2 LaoTse.......................................................61.3.#. Tra!sce!,e!talis2 o 'hua!-Tu..................................................60

1.3.. The ;%ar8 Teachi!-; o Taoist @a!- Pi.............................................60

1.9. 'ON)+'IANISM1.9.1. 'o!ucius The &ar2o!y o the 'os2ic a!, Social Or,er...............6:1.9.#. The 'o!ti!uators o 'o!ucious; @or8 Me!cius a!, &su!Tse........6:

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#.1. '&RISTIANIT(#.1.1. Ma>i2us the 'o!essor....................................................................63#.1.#. Eriu-e!a/ the Philosopher o the 'aroli!-ia! Re!aissa!ce5555569#.1.. ?ya!ti!e Polyhistor Michael Psellus555555555555555.:1#.1.0. St. Dictor 'e!ter o Europea! Mystical Philosophy55555555:#.1.6. Mysticis2 o the $!i-hts Te2plar5555555555555555...:3#.1.:. Alperi2e!talMetho,......................................................................................................:9#.1.7. ?o!a4e!tura;s Iti!erary o Path to Go,55555555555555.7

#.1.3. ;%octor Illu2i!atis; Ra2o! Lull........................................................76#.1.9. Rhi!ela!, Mysticis2 o Ec8hart a!, Tauler55555555555577#.1.1". Pletho! Restorer o Plato!is2 i! the @est55555555555.79#.1.11. ;Lear!e, I-!ora!ce; o Nicolas o 'ues5555555555555531#.1.1#. )lore!ti!e Aca,e2y555555555555555555555553#.1.1. Ger2a! Mystical Philosophy o 1:th 'e!tury5555555555..37#.1.16. =oh! %ee;s 'o22u!icatio! ith A!-els555555555555590#.1.1:. Patrii;s Lo4e Philosophy55555555555555555555..9:#.1.17. %ella Porta a!, ?ru!o To Naples; Great Me!555555555.93#.#. ISLAM#.#.1. Sprea,i!- o Isla2/ Suis2 a!, Ge

#.. &E?RE@ RELIGION#..1. I!terpretatio! o Seer =etirah


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#..#. Mystical Poet Solo2o! i

#.:. )AIT& O) SI$.:.1. Mysticis2 o Si8h )aith5555555555555555555551#

#.7. 'ON)+'IANISM#.7.1. 'os2ic &ierarchy o 'ha!-Tsai5555555555555555...16#.7.#. Neo'o!ucia! 'hu &si55555555555555555555516#.7.. The Great Lear!i!- o @a!- (a!-2i!-5555555555555.1:

#.3. '&AN ?+%%&ISM B'&INESEC#.3.1. The Si>th Patriarch o 'ha! ?u,,his2 &ui Ne!-...........................13

#.9. ZEN ?+%%&ISM B=APANESEC#.9.1. =apa!ese Mystical Philosopher $u8ai55555555555555.10"#.9.#. ;Pure La!,; o &o!e! a!, Ri!ai o Eisai5555555555555101#.9.. Soto Teachi!- o %o-e! a!, Lotus School o Nichire!555555..10#

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.1. '&RISTIANIT(.1.1. Mystical Theolo-y o Shoe2a8er ?oeh2e555555555555106

.1.#. 'a2


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.1.1. Sui 'o!4ert Re!e Gue!o! a!, his )olloers...............................171

.#. ISLAM.#.1. Mo,er! Suis..............................................................................179

.. &E?RE@ RELIGION..1. ?aal She2 To4 a!, &asi,is2.........................................................131..#. Ne &asi,is2 o Marti! ?u


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6.#.#. ;Le !ou4el ho22e; o Louis ,e Sai!tMarti!....................................##06.#.. LiteraryScie!tiic Mysticis2 o Goethe...........................................##:

6.. T&EOSOP&I'AL SO'IET(6..1. Theosophical Society......................................................................##96..#. Oshoots o Theosophical Society A!troposophical Society/Rosicrucia! )elloship/ the Arca!e School a!, $rish!a2urti..................#0"

6.0. GOL%EN %[email protected]. Gol,e! %a!.................................................................................#096.0.#. Oshoots o Gol,e! %a! Or,o Te2plis Orie!tis/ Society o theI!!er Li-ht a!, Israel Re-ar,ie................................................................#6#

6.6. P&ILOSOP&I'AL RESEAR'& SO'IET(6.6.1. Ma!ly P. &all;s Secret Teachi!- o all A-es.....................................#:"

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:.1. &OLISTI' S'IEN'E:.1.1. Scie!tiicMystical Philosophy o &olis2.........................................#:0

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"ntroduction: Definition of the Mystical Philosophyand its First #e$innin$s

Tal8i!- a


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esti2atio!s i!to serious co!si,eratio!. So/ Gree8 historio-rapher &er2ipussays that Zarathustra li4e, i4e thousa!, years thousa!, years


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e4i,e!ce a


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spirits/ hile i! &i!,u reli-io! ;,e4as; ha4e the 2ea!i!- o ,i4i!e spirits/spirits o li-ht.

Zarathustra;s reli-io! passe, ro2 -e!eratio! to -e!eratio!/


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1.#. GREE$ AN% &ELLENI' P&ILOSOP&( O) T&E ANTI*+IT(1.#.1. Orpheus a!, Pytha-oras The )irst Mystical Philosophers o! theEuropea! Soil

Althou-h so2e co!si,er Pytha-oras the irst 2ystical philosopher o!Europea! soil/ he as prece,e,


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So/ philosopher a!, 2athe2aticia! Pytha-oras ou!,e, a uite particularco22u!ity/ o scie!tiic a!, reli-ious2ystical character/ i! $roto! i!souther! Italy/ i! the seco!, hal o the :th ce!tury ?'. Oi!- to the lac8 oritte! or8s


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o! its ,eepest le4el o 2athe2atical !atureJ that philosophy is the 2ea! ospiritual puriicatio!J that soul ca! asce!, to the u!io! ith ,i4i!ity Bi!hat is relecte, the 2ystical character o their philosophyCJ that certai!sy2


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to! that as i! i22e,iate pro>i2ity o Pytha-oras; !ati4e Sa2os. )ro2preser4e, ra-2e!ts o his o!ly or8 O! the &ature it is o


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O Socrates/ e ,o !ot posses a!y ritte! or8/


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@he! i! the !e>t year he retur!e, to Athe!s/ Plato estat te!ty years he has


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u!io! o 2a! ith the supre2e -o,'reator/


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%uri!- the #!, a!, 1st ce!tury ?' ca2e o! a perio, o ,eca,e!ce i! Gree8philosophy/ ater Gree8 to!sstates lost their political i!,epe!,e!ce/ u!,erMace,o!ia! rule. The ce!ter o Gree8 philosophy is !ot Athe!s a!y2ore/ a!,ria/ a!, also to Ro2e/ capital o the -reat statei! e>pa!sio!. So/ it is !ote, that the irst Gree8 philosophers/ ho


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Ba!, Tarsus is Paul;s pose, to attac8s o hise!e2ies/ althou-h he ha, alays ,o!e -oo,J he as accuse, or practici!-sorcery a!, ille-al artJ he e!t 4olu!tarily to e2peror %o2itia! to Ro2e/

ho a!te, to e>ecute hi2/ a!, i!ally/ ater his ,eath he appeare, i!2iraculous ay to his ,isciples %a2is a!, %e2etrius. Philostratus citesse4eral or8s that Apollo!ius o Tya!a rote/


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place ta8es also a collectio! o arou!, :" essays/ u!,er the title )oralia.This collectio! i!clu,es popular e,ucatio!al treatises ritte! pre,o2i!a!tlyi! a or2 o ,ialo-ues a!, ,iatri


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i2ately at a-e o#6/ he set out to Ale>a!,ria/ here he atte!,e, lectures o ,iere!tphilosophers/ !ot i!,i!- a!y o the2 i! accor, ith his taste/ u!til he ca2eupo! the school o A22o!ius Saccas. I! this school Ploti!us re2ai!e, orthe !e>t te! years/ a!, the! i! #0/ olloi!- his ,esire to ,eepe! the

8!ole,-e o easter! philosophies/ oi!e, the e>pe,itio! o e2peror Gor,ia!III to Persia. &oe4er/ the e>pe,itio! !e4er reache, its ,esti!atio!/ t te! years the philosopher ,i, !ot rite a!ythi!-/ respecti!- the 4ohe 2a,e ith his ello ,isciples Ori-e! a!, &ere!ius at A22o!ius; schooli! Ale>a!,ria. Ori-e! as thereore at the sa2e ti2e a co!,uctor o his o!catechetic school/


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is orse/ ha4e to see8 the happi!ess o the re2ai!i!- hole/ a!, !ot o!ly oso2e part o it. &olistic is also Ploti!us; 4isio! o aesthetics/ si!ce he!air!ess ta8es so2ethi!- that is u!iue/ a!, hat has si2ilar parts/ it -i4esthe sa2e to the hole.

Ploti!us u!,ersta!,s 2atter as eter!ally recepti4e o


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'ite, Ploti!us; ,escriptio! o the 2ystical 4isio! i2plies a ra,icalcoi!ci,e!ce o o!esel ith the O!e. The O!e -i4es that/ hich he hi2sel,oes !ot posses 2ultiplicity. @hile the su


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Tris2e-istus B#!, ce!tury ?'C. The other &er2etic script/ hich are relate,to philosophy a!, theolo-y/ a!, hich )estu-iere calls later scripts ,ateappro>i2ately ro2 #!, a!, r, ce!tury A%. )ro2 the irst -roup o scripts/the 2ost i2porta!t is i"er 2er$etis Tris$egisti, te>t o astrolo-ical su


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recei4i!- Go, a!, shari!- his esse!ce/ says the 1#th treatise/ O! *o$$onIntelligence. Asclepius is or8 i! Lati!/ or so2e ti2e it has


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character i2porta!t are i!e o! #(thagoras, #rotrepticus, 8e ani$a a!,especially 8e )(steriis Aegiptioru$, philosopher;s


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=ulia! the Apostate u!,erstoo, Su! i! three ,iere!t @ays astra!sce!,etal/ the! as &eliosMithras/ a!, i!ally as the 4isi


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The lar-est part o Proclus; opus co2prise, the co22e!taries o #ar$enidesa!, Ti$aeus, thereore co22e!taries o ,ialo-ues hich reaso! a


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yet ha, i!lue!ce o! 2e,ie4al philosophic thou-ht/ tha!8s to u!8!o!'hristia! author/ ho ha,/ i! i2itatio! o Proclus/ 2a,e or8s oe>ceptio!al i2porta!ce or 'hristia! theolo-y a!, philosophy. A


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1.. ROMAN P&ILOSOP&( O) T&E ANTI*+IT(1..1. Ro2a! Stoics

Philo;s you!-er co!te2porary/ Ro2a! Stoic Se!eca Bi2ately i!0 ?' i! 'or,o


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As his pre,ecessor Se!eca/ so the !e>t -reat Stoic philosopher Epictetusi!ter2itte!tly i!cli!e, to 2ysticis2 i! his teachi!-. I! ,isti!ctio! ro2Se!eca/ ho


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This is yet a!other proo o e2peror;s -reat ethics. As it says o!e o thepro4er


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O other or8s/ it coul,


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1.0. '&RISTIANIT(1.0.1. The )irst 'hristia! Philosopher =usti!

I! the


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other/ NeoPlato!ic/ as ou!,e, a!,ria as also i!lue!tial the sect o G!ostics. Its 2ost pro2i!e!treprese!tati4es ere ?asili,es a!, Dale!ti!us/ their teachi!- prese!ts a8i!, o theosophical eclecticis2/ hich


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the2 o! path o ,oi!- hat is -oo,. &oe4er/ it is !ot -oo, to !e-lectphilosophy. Reli-ious teachi!-/ thereore/ accor,i!- to 'le2e!t/ has tosources/ a!, perect 'hristia!/ that accor,i!- to the philosopher is i,e!ticalith true G!ostic/ 2ust !ot !e-lect either o the2. &e uotes the thou-ht oPlatoJ that e coul, -et !ear to Go,/


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philosophers/ ho spea8 a


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'hristia! theolo-ia! a!, philosopher Gre-ory o Nyssa as i2ately at the sa2e ti2e as the e2peror =ulia! the Apostate/ i!'appa,ocia/ i! Asia Mi!or. It is 4ery li8ely that there ere !o co!tacts


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'hurch riter/ theolo-ia! a!, philosopher. Ma!y o his or8s ,eal ithsue-etic i!terpretatio!s he alays too8up alle-ories/ a!, 2ystical 2ea!i!-s hi,,e! ts. &e tau-ht that the soul 2ust raise her a


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possi


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1.6. &E?RE@ RELIGION1.6.1. Alle-oric I!terpretatio! o the &oly Scripts a!,ria

I! the 1st ce!tury a real re4i4al o 2ystical philosophy occurre,/ as i! thatti2e acte, 2a!y 2ystically orie!te, philosophers a!,Kor philosophers thatat least partly i!cli!e, toar, 2ysticis2. O!e o such as Philo oAle>a!,ria/


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1.:. &IN%+ISM1.:.1. Pata!ali;s Yoga-Sutras

I!,ia! philosopher Pata!ali li4e, 2ost pro


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percei4e the si2ilarity ith the Stoic school. Ze!o !a2ely co!si,ere, thatpassio!s are irratio!al a!, u!!atural 2o4e2e!ts o the soul a!, ise 2a!2ust -et ri, o the2.

1.7. ?+%%&ISM BIN%IANC1.7.1. The E!li-hte!e, O!e Gautha2a ?u,,ha

?u,,hist reli-io! as/ opposite to 'o!ucia!is2/ alrea,y ro2 the


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8!ole,-e. &e sutre2e asti!-. ?ut/ e4erythi!- that heacco2plishe, as/ that he rui!e, his health. &e realie,/ that he 2a,e a2ista8e/ a!, that


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1.7.#. Dara(a!a ?u,,his2

Re!eal o 2ystical philosophy i! 1st ce!tury has !ot cau-ht o!ly theterritory o Ro2a! E2pire/


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Ta!tris2 ,e4elope, i! the


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A you!-er co!te2porary o =ulia! the Apostate a!, Gre-ory o Nyssa i!I!,ia as a ?u,,hist 2ystical philosopher Asa!-a. &e as


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The -oal o 'ha! ,iscipli!e is to ta8e !e 4iepoi!t/ to o


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1.3. TAOISM1.3.1. The )ou!,er o Taois2 LaoTse

Taois2 is philosophic teachi!- that also ori-i!ate, i! the :th ce!tury ?'/li8e others aore2e!tio!e,. HTao is the hi,,e! ar,e! o all thi!-s/ ite!riches the -oo, a!, reects the e4il/ says Tao-te-ing,


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spo!ta!eous ay/ si!ce or Taoists it is the pri!ciple o acti!- o the hole!ature/ a!, it shoul,


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1.3.. The %ar8 Teachi!- o Taoist @a!- Pi

'hi!ese NeoTaoist philosopher @a!- Pi/


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1.9. 'ON)+'IANISM1.9.1. 'o!ucius The &ar2o!y o the 'os2ic a!, Social Or,er

I! ,isti!ctio! ro2 Taoists/ ho searche, or the har2o!y


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the hu2a! !ature. Reli-ious 2essa-e that as o!ly i2plicitly co!tai!e, i!'o!ucius/


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#.1. '&RISTIANIT(#.1.1. Ma>i2us the 'o!essor

The i2usta8es the roa, to Ro2e/ here he is sustai!e, i2us ill years later/ he!Ma>i2us as alrea,y 3"o,, years ol,. &e as !ot o!ly a!athe2atie,/


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Ma>i2us the 'o!essor has alays


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his a2ily. Later their e>a2ple as olloe,


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Eriu-e!as ce!tral or8/ #eriph(seon Balso 8!o! u!,er the title 8edi%isione naturaeC as ritte! i! 3:"s. I! this or8/ ritte! i! the or2 o a,ialo-ue/ it is 4ery o


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o! the sce!e ,uri!- the !e>t 1#thce!tury. I! o!e or,/ Psellus as the 2ostpoerul perso!ality o the Europea! cultural lie o the 11thce!tury.

Alrea,y as a chil, Michael Psellus shoe, a ,isti!cti4e prope!sity toar,the acuisitio! o 8!ole,-e/ a!, especially toar, the is,o2 o the

a!tiuity. Althou-h he e>tre2ely appreciate, is,o2 o ol,/ he alays 8!eho to stay ithi! the


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the2 a hole ra!-e o se!seless char-es/ li8e pa-a!s ha, ascri


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?er!ar, o 'lair4au> as


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o earthly thi!-s/ a!, aterar,s e ill


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reache, isti!- 8!ole,-e. &u-os hu-est or8 is 8esacraa$entis christiane !idei BO! Sacra2e!ts o 'hristia! )aithC. I! it he,iscusses !u2erous sua2ple creatio!/ a!-els/ sacra2e!ts/

aith/ 'hurch hierarchy/


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Ben@a$in )a@or ha4e also a certai! 4alue or the 2ystical philosophy. They,eal ith 2ystical co!te2platio! a!, alle-orical prese!tatio! o theta


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Marshal/ 'o22a!,er o the $i!-,o2 o =erusale2/ %raper/ re-io!alco22a!,ers/ co22a!,ers o the houses/ the! o course 8!i-hts as the 2osti2porta!t ele2e!t o the or,er a!, ser-ea!ts/ co22issio!e, or the lo-isticsupport. I! course o the ti2e there as ou!,e, a stratu2 o oi!e,2e2a2ple ,uri!- the crusa,e. The co!!ectio! o Te2plarith 2ysticis2 a!, 2ystical philosophy as !ot ust throu-h theperso!ality o ?er!ar,/


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throu-h Ger2a!y a!, ?ohe2ia/ oste!si


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It see2s that i! course o ti2e people


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scholastic the2es/ thereore 2ai!ly hat he ha,


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Ro-er ?aco! ha, co!ti!ue, to rite i! Paris Balthou-h he a!te, to retur!to O>or,CJ e4e!tually i! 1#73 the Ge!eral o )ra!cisca! Or,er Blater PopeNicholas IDC =ero2e o Ascoli i2priso!e, hi2. Philosophers ,octri!e asco!,e2!e, a!, reecte,/ si!ce it co!tai!s 2a!y suspicious !o4elties. I!

1#9# ?aco! has or,/ re2ai!i!- acti4e i! his researches u!til his ,eath.

The lie opus o Ro-er ?aco! co2prises a


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the )ra!cisca! School/ i! that ti2e alrea,y a-e,. ?o!a4e!tura ha, years later he -ra,uate,. Aterar,s/ heco!ti!ue, o! the sa2e u!i4ersity/ as a lecturer/ u!til 1#6:J the! thereoccurre, a 8i!, o a!i2osity toar, lecturer2o!8s.

?o!a4e!tura as appoi!te, -e!eral o )ra!cisca! Or,er i! )e


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re2ai!e, o! the hea, o the )ra!cisca! Or,er u!til May/ 1#70J to 2o!thslater he ,ie,. I! his secretarys ,iary Bhich as ,isco4ere, i! 19"6C it isritte! that he has iste!ce cha!-e, ith lo4e toar, Go,. &e ,eci,e, to


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rou-h a


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a!, li4ely 2a!!er the thou-ht o the author/ as ell as his 2ysticale>perie!ce. I! Ec8harts ser2o! e ca! ote! co2e upo! the citatio!s ophilosophers li8e Se!eca or A4ice!!a/ hich -i4e e4i,e!ce acel


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that he lay ,o! his lie or his rie!,s.C Arou!, 107 Tauler retur!e, toStras


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co2pa!io!ship/ o! his our!ey to Italy/ there ere !u2erous philosophers/theolo-ia!s a!, scie!tists/ ho


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hi2 o4er the


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'usa spea8s o Go, as o the u!ity o all the opposites Bcoi!ci,e!tiaoppositoru$C. The ai2u2 or hi2 is at the sa2e ti2e 2i!i2u2too/


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e>celle!t e,ucatio!. It as the so! o the perso!al physicia! o the Me,icia2ily/ Marsilio )ici!o.

Italia! 2ystical philosopher Marsilio )ici!o as


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the or, 2a-ic alo!e is a2


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alle-oric a!, occultC. Pico rites this or8 i! the or2 o se4e!ol,u!,ersta!,i!- o the e4olutio! a!, Nature/ ro2 the ele2e!tary 8i!-,o2s tohea4e!ly orl,s. The !e>t or8/ 8e ente et uno BO! ?ei!- a!, +!ityCe>plai!s his state2e!t a


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aithul ,isciple )ra!cesco Za!oli 'atta!i. Gra,ually -etti!- arther ro22ystical philosophy Bhich as i! ocus i! )ici!os ti2eC aca,e2ics perie!ce, its e!, i! 16##/ he! a !u2


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'o2pete!t Ma! =oha!!es Reuchli!C poi!te, out the !ee, o =es to possestheir o! sacre, pressio! o their reli-ious i,e!tity.Reuchli! has


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sy2pathy a!, har2o!y


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secrets to co22o! rie!,s a!, secrets o hi-her or,er to -reat rie!,sC. So/the or8 ha, t #0 years/ -ai!i!-a -reat reputatio! a2o!- those ho ha, -otte! a cha!ce to rea, it. A-rippaas soo! co2pelle, to ith,ra ro2 a positio! o lecturer at the u!i4ersityi! %le/ accuse, or preachi!- heresy. Si!ce the E2peror Ma>i2ilia! I as

ell,ispose, toar, hi2/ he se!t hi2 as a! a2a2ple/ he ha, release, so2e o2a! ro2 accusatio! oitchcrat a!, i22e,iately ca2e i!to co!lict ith the I!uisitor o Met. I!16#0 he ca2e to Lyo!/ here he


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i!terpretatio! o the e!tire 2ystical philosophy/ u!til the!. This or8 isists has soul/ as the part o the u!i4ersal @orl, Soul. Thisis relecte, i! 2a-ical traits o her


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hi2 ro2 t year he e!t to Spo!hei2/ here Trithe2iustau-ht hi2 o alche2y a!, 2a-ic. This 2eeti!- as 4ery e!li-hte!i!- or theyou!- physicia!/ as ro2 Trithe2ius/ he lear!e, a


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Althou-h he ha, !o or8s 4olu2i!ous as A-rippas 8e occulta philosophia,Paracelsus i! the course o his lie co2pose, a


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loer ele2e!ts/ so the o!ly those truly air a!, ,i4i!e re2ai!. =ust the o!esho ha, carrie, throu-h this alche2ical process i! the2 ca!


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pro4i,e, his help i! !a4i-atio!/ pa!sio!. It as ust hi2 ho irst use, the ter2 ?ritish E2pire.?esi,e the !a4i-atio!/ o hich he ill later rite a perti! carto-raphy/ too. %uri!- his stu,ies i! ?el-iu2/ he -ot acuai!te, a!,associate, ith Gerar, Mercator/ the -reatest carto-rapher a!, -eo-rapher

o that ti2e. %ee possesse, a hu-e collectio! o !a4al 2aps a!, !a4i-atio!i!stru2e!ts/ as ell.

)ro2 ti2e to ti2e %ee tra4ele, across the Europe. I! 16: i! A2ster,a2 heca2e upo! the


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4isio!s o uture e4e!ts/ li8e the e>ecutio! o the *uee! Mary Stuart a!, thear ith Spa!ish Ar2a,a. ?eore each sQa!ce %ee praye, or Go,s help/ i!acuiri!- the true 8!ole,-e a!, u!,ersta!,i!- ,i4i!e la/ so there is !o,ouclusi4ely ,ealt ith hite or ,i4i!e 2a-ic.

Ater his or8 o! the reor2 o =ulia! cale!,ar/ %ee set out ith $elley orEurope. I! )ra!ce %ee 2et a Polish !o


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oul,


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I! 1677 he is i! to! Mo,e!a a!, there he rites a or8 o 2ysticalcharacter e!title, D a$orosa !iloso!ia BA Lo4e PhilosophyC. I! it/ the ce!trali-ure is !e %ioti2a Tarui!ia Mola/ ho e2


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I! the pa!,e, throu-hout the Europe/ ro2 Spai! to Ger2a!y/Austria a!, $i!-,o2 o Naples. %ella Porta as e!atraor,i!ary e,ucatio!/


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the2es ro2 the eco!o2y/ alche2y a!, che2istry a!, physics. Oeco!o2ical the2es there are a-riculture/ cattleperi2e!ts/ optics

a!, 2a-!etis2. I! the or8 )agia naturalis it is 4isi


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i2petus character. &e e!tere, 4ery early the %o2i!ica! Or,er/ that is/ a


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he arri4es to Pra-ue. &e has a support o the E2peror Ru,olph II/


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roots/ lo4e a!, hate/ rie!,ship a!, uarrel are o!e a!, sa2e thi!-. The-reatest -oo,/ that is a!te, the 2ost/ the 2ost perect perectio! a!,-reatest pose, his support o the'oper!ica! helioce!tric syste2. ?ut/ hile 'oper!icus li2its his teachi!- tosolar syste2/ ?ru!o e>te!,s it to the hole u!i4erse/ hich he ,ee2i!i!itely


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%eath o Gior,a!o ?ru!o ,e!ote, the e!, o a


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#.#. ISLAM#.#.1. Sprea,i!- o Isla2/ Suis2 a!, Ge


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'hristia! teachi!-/ also so2e i!lue!ces ro2 Zoroastris2 a!, NeoPlato!is2. 'ertai! si2ilarity ith Zoroastris2 ca! iste!ce oSheyta!/ as alle! a!-el a!, e ca! co2pare hi2 ith Zoroastria! Ahri2a!Jthe seco!, si2ilarity is the e>iste!ce o -i!s or e4il spirits/ co2para


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&e as

1'7


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)ra!8ish e2peror/ so it is possi


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practically ist a!, act or a!other ce!tury a!, a hal. %uri!- thisti2e/ still pre4aile, tolera!ce a!, ree,o2 o thou-ht a!, to !o!Musli2sere accessi


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characteristics o 2ysticis2/ as it is a! eclectic co2


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asserts that all the thi!-s i! the orl, su


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#.#.6. Sui 'o!4ert alGhaali

AlGhaali Bi! Isla2ic orl, 8!o! as A


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perectio! o his o! !atureJ seco!,/ that 2a! lo4es his


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The 2issio! o &assa!iSaa2ple/ a-ai!st the co22o! e!e2y/ Tur8sSelu8sC. Althou-h Assasi!s BNiariC ,isappeare, i! political se!se i! 1th

ce!tury/ ater the ,eeat ist as 2i!ority reli-ious -roup. A lar-e parto Is2aili Niari escape, to I!,ia/ here they ou!,e, their co22u!ity/ stille>isti!- !oa,ays.

Is2aili Niari ha,


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Moses/ =esus a!, Moha22a,/ ho -a4e hi2 their spiritual i!structio!s.This e!li-hte!2e!t co2pelle, hi2 to ,e,icate hi2sel e!tirely to thespiritual path. Later/ i! the course o his lie/ I

Ai2ately 6/ Ite!si4e spiritual 8!ole,-e. I! thatti2e i! Spai!

prophets as i!terpreters o o!e -e!eral pri2or,ial reli-io!. So he says i!9utuhat3 There is !o 8!ole,-e e>cept that ta8e! ro2 Go,/ or he alo!e isthe $!oer5 the prophets/ i! spite o their -reat !u2I! Iist outsi,e or aists is a part/


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percei4e the u!i4erse as the proectio! a!, relectio! o the i2a-e o Go,. I!Sui poetry there are reue!t allusio!s o! theories o Pytha-oras a!, Plato/a


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#.. &E?RE@ RELIGION#..1. I!terpretatio! o Seer =etirah


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i! hich ca!

supporte, hi2.

A perio, o 2isortu!e i! his lie perie!ce, a8i!, o a tur!i!- poi!t i! his lie/ as ro2 that ti2e he ,e4ote, hi2selal2ost co2pletely to philosophy. @hat i

A2o!- i


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Isla2ic philosophy a!, 2ysticis2/ e4e! 'hristia! parts i! the !orth/ li8eLeo!. Philosophers li8e al)ara


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G!osticis2 or e>a2ple/ so i! $a


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Europe. Lurias thou-ht -a4e !ot o!ly a !e spiritual i2petus to the popular=eish reli-io!/


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Sha!8aras 2ysterious ,eath/ at the a-e o #. Accor,i!- to o!e 4ersio! hecli2


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acco2plishe, successully


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This our!ey has


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si2ilar ay/ Europea! alche2ists i,e!tiie, 2ercury ith the process otra!s2utatio! o the 2atter a!, spirit ro2 the i!erior a!, tra!sie!t/toar, the superior a!, sta


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#.6. TI?ETAN ?+%%&ISM#.6.1. Reor2er o Ti


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2ai! characteristics o all ?u,,hist Ta!tra syste2s a!, e>plai!e, the,iere!ces


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#.:. )AIT& O) SI$.:.1. Mysticis2 o Si8h )aith

@hilst i! the @est )ici!o e!,ea4ore, to 2a8e a philosophical a2al-a2atio!o 'hristia!ity a!, NeoPlato!is2/ at the sa2e ti2e i! the East/ i! I!,ia/spiritual teacher a!, his co!te2porary !a2e, $a


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$a


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Ater he ha, spe!t !early all o his lie tra4eli!-/ he retur!e, to Pu!a< a!,settle, i! $arthapur. Ma!y pil-ri2s pai, hi2 a 4isit/ to liste! to his hy2!sa!, ser2o!s. A!, he preache, a society ithout castes/ ithout ,ieri!- opeople accor,i!- to their


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#.7.#. Neo'o!ucia! 'hu &si

The Su!- ,y!asty perio, i! 'hi!a


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'hi!ese Neo'o!ucia! philosopher @a!- (a!-2i!- as ists a! allper2eati!- u!ity hich co2prehe!,s hea4e!/ earth a!, i!,i4i,ual 2a!.

&e retur!e, to Na!8i!- i! 1610/ to ta8e o4er a positio! o u!ctio!ary i! the-o4er!2e!t. &is philosophic i,eas alrea,y attracte, pu


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#.3. '&AN ?+%%&ISM B'&INESEC#.3.1. The Si>th Patriarch o 'ha! ?u,,his2 &ui Ne!-

I! I!,ia o the 7thce!tury/ the 2ost pro2i!e!t ?u,,hist philosopher is%har2a8irti/ o!e o the -reatest ?u,,hist philosophers ater Na-aru!a.&oe4er/ i! ,isti!ctio! ro2 Na-aru!a/ he has !ot up-ra,e, ?u,,histteachi!- i! a 2ystical ayJ he put e2phasis o! episte2olo-y a!, lo-ic.Appro>i2ately at the sa2e ti2e as the I!,ia! philosopher/ i! :3 as th Patriarch o 'ha! ?u,,his2 &ui Ne!-/ i! a s2all &si!

'hou/ i! the south o 'hi!a. )or hi2/ %.T. Suu8i Bo!e o the lea,i!- orl,sauthorities o 'ha!Ze! ?u,,his2C says that he playe, the 2ost i2porta!trole i! the history o Ze!. Dirtually/ he as a ou!,er o Ze! i! a true se!se/hich ,iere, ro2 other ?u,,hist sects. So/ &ui Ne!- ste2s ro2 poor4illa-e a2ilyJ i! a,,itio!/ he as illiterate/ a!, that ,i, !ot -i4e hi2 so2eperie!ce, e!li-hte!2e!t. The 2a!/ ho recite,sutra/ e!coura-e, you!- 2a! to loo8 or the )ith Patriarch &u!- =e!. To

the 2o!astery Tu!- 'hia!/ i! the !orther! pro4i!ce 'hi 'hou/ le, a aylo!-er tha! a thousa!, 8ilo2eters/


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2i!, is a istsK Nor the sta!, o a 2irror ists. &is ,isciples practice, socalle, Sitti!- 'ha! B=apa!ese Zae!C/ hich he ,escri


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#.9. ZEN ?+%%&ISM B=APANESEC#.9.1. =apa!ese Mystical Philosopher $u8ai

I! 3thce!tury Bi! hich ?u,his2 i! I!,ia starte, to ,ecli!eC i! =apa! as


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Ze! teachi!-s/ e4e!


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Pure La!,C


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@he! he ha, realie, that there he has !ot 2uch to lear!/ he 2o4e, to$e!i!i Te2ple i! $yoto/ ou!,e, t si> years he as his ,e4ote, ,isciple a!, the! he 2a,e a ,ecisio! to -o

to 'hi!a/ to perect 2ore spiritually. @he! he sai, this to Myoe!/ he !oto!ly ca2e upo! appro4al/ presse, his ill to oi! his,isciple/ so they to-ether set out o! a our!ey to 'hi!a.

So/ i! 1## %o-e! a!, Myoe! reache, the atherla!, o 'ha! ?u,,his2.%o-e! e!tere, ith -reat e!thusias2 i!to 'hi!-te ssu Te2ple o! the2ou!t Tie! tu!-/ here years a-o Eisai ha,


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the i,ea o hongau ho$on teachi!- o the ori-i!al e!li-hte!2e!t/ hatill later ti!-e his o! teachi!-.

%eci,i!- to reor2 thorou-hly Te!,ai ?u,,his2/ he i!tro,uce, to histeachi!- otos-sutras, hich he co!si,ere, i,eal or $appo perio,/ i.e. perio,

o ,eca,e!ce/ i! hich ori-i!al teachi!-s o ?u,,ha -et ,ar8e!e, a!, lost.I! 1#6/ he! ,ie, his co!te2porary %o-e!/ Nichire! ,eci,e, to e>pou!,pu


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3& M'("!)L P*"L+(+P*,-( +F *, M+D,-. )2,

.1. '&RISTIANIT(.1.1. Mystical Theolo-y o Shoe2a8er ?oeh2e

O!e o the 4ery peculiar perso!alities o the 2ystical philosophy o the 17th

ce!tury is =a8o< ?oeh2e. This sele,ucate, 2ystical philosopher as


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8!ole,-e/ accor,i!- to the philosopher/ is the -reatest treasure that 2a!ca! collectJ it relates also to the 8!ole,-e a


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criticis2 toar, the lo le4el o e,ucatio! o the Luthera! cler-y/ he ,re o!a hatre, o the 'hurch authorities/ so i! 1::6 he as


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O!e o to -reat E!-lish 2ystical philosophers9o the 17thce!tury/ &e!ryMore/ as


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8ialogues, The I$$ortalit( o! the Soul, nchiridiu$ )etaph(sicu$,nchiridiu$ thicu$.

The or8 *on@ectura *a""alistica B1:6C prese!ts a co!!ectio!


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carrie, o4er to his so!/ ho oul, sho his e>ceptio!al tale!ts alrea,y i!his chil,hoo,. I! 1:1 the a2ily 2o4e, to Paris. )ather too8 care or little?laise a!, his to sisters/ as 2other ha, ,ie, he! he as o!ly three yearsol,.

)ather Etie!!e ,eci,e, to ,e,icate all his care to so!s e,ucatio!. So he ha,,eci,e, that ?laise shoul, !ot lear! yet 2athe2atics/


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critically poi!te, a-ai!st =esuits/ ho ha, -otte! a co!si,era


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co!4erte, to $al4i!is2. Aterar,s he 2o4e, to Netherla!,s/ here heco!ti!ue, to teach at Lei,e! u!i4ersity. This to! as the! a reu-e or !eco!4erts/ persecute, i! their cou!tries. &ere Geuli!c> ,ie,/ too early/ i! his06thyear/ !ot recei4i!- to 2eet the pu


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si2ulta!eously reecti!- his pa!theis2. Accor,i!- to spiritualist 4ie/ theorl, i! its esse!ce co!sists o spiritual e!tities/ hilst


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staye, i! Netherla!,s a!, )ra!ceJ aterar,s he spe!t a year i! Ger2a!y.O! his our!eys Se,e!


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Se,e!


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retur!e, to his ho2eto!/ here he assiste, or so2e ti2e his ather/ courtphysicia! o the ?a4aria! Elector. &oe4er/ it see2s that soo! he ha, -otte!


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truth or 4irtue. The scie!ce ollos ro2 the aith/


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u!,ersta!, hi2 at least a little. It as Eliphas Le4i/ a 2a! ho oul,perie!ce, certai! ac8!ole,-e2e!ts. So/ scie!tists percei4e, his2athe2atical or8 i! 2ore a4ora


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ha, t e years he rote a! essayo! Scottish poet Ro


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as the precise portrait o the E!-lish custo2s o the 2i, Dictoria! era.These to riters ,e4elope, i! the course o their li4es a co2prehe!si4ecorrespo!,e!ceJ it oul,


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The or8 as pu


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that thou-ht/ accor,i!- to so2e i!e4itat 17 years. =ust here ,i, ori-i!ate so2e o his


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li4i!- or2 2a,e o su


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I! 1339 'arl ,u Prel pu


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a!, politics. The special e2phasis i! his acti!- he put o!to the e!,ea4or,irecte, toar, the reu!io! o the separate, 'hristia! churches.

I! 133: Solo4ie4 is i! Za-re a!, 'atholic aith. O!e o the


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I! 19#6 ?er,yae4 set out or Paris a!, alo!- ith hi2 his Reli-iousPhilosophical Aca,e2y that he ha, estat year he startsa !e 2a-ai!e !a2e, #ath. &e ,i, esta


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e2phasis is o! spiritual/ so accor,i!-ly he co!si,ers Bi! a8e o ?er,yae4Cthat a! i,eal or,er coul,


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Gue!o!s olloer/ Italia! 2ystical philosopher =ulius E4ola/ i! ,isti!ctio!ro2 his teacher acti4ely supporte, totalitaria! re-i2e a!, co!seue!tly heprese!ts Bli8e or e>a2ple 'roleyC o!e o those ,ar8 spots i! otherise


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pagano. I! this or8 he criticies 'atholic 'hristia!ity/ hich he co!si,ers,epri4e, o pure spirituality a!, o sacral tra,itio!. &e plea,s or retur! topolytheis2 o the pre'hristia! era/ i! hich ha, acte, i!,i4i,ualie, or2so ,i4i!e poers heroes. ?ut/ alrea,y i! 2i,thirties he -a4e up the ra,icala!ti'atholicis2/ 2oreo4er/ he attac8s Rose!


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later i! ?olo-!a/ here he as tra!serre, i! 1903. O!ly i! 1961 he ,i,retur! to his ho2e i! Ro2e.

I! the postar perio, E4ola puuality/li8e those i! Ta!tris2/ Taois2/ as ell as i! $a


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or8s/ i2pose, clusi4ely i! his ree ti2e Beither early i!

the 2or!i!- or late i! the e4e!i!-C. Althou-h he as o a stro!- hauste, hi2. I! 19:0 he

177


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as i!ally retire,. &e retur!e, to ?u,apest a!, i! pe!sio! rote a!otherto !o4els a!, a collectio! o essays. &e ,ie, i! 19:3 ro2 perie!ce a posthu2ous ac8!ole,-e2e!t a!, ,eser4e, a2e.?esi,es ?er,yae4/ he is pro


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I! the


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2e!tal/ 2arital a!, social pro


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@ith his si!cerity a!, si2plicity soo! he o! o4er 2a!y a,here!ts. &etau-ht the2 ho true reli-ious practice ,oes !ot co!sist o!ly o scholastictheolo-ical 8!ole,-e/


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he ca2e i!to a co!tact/ alrea,y as a


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8!o!


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.0. &IN%+ISM.0.1. The Pio!eer o Neo&i!,u Mo4e2e!t Ra2 Mohu2 Roy

I! the course o 13thce!tury I!,ia! philosophy has e>perie!ce, so2e 8i!, osta-!atio!. It is ti2e o ?ritish colo!ial co!uest o I!,ia a!, as itsater2ath the i!tro,uctio! o E!-lish e,ucatio!al syste2. ?y 4ery I!,ia!soccurre, a ,i4er-e!ce i! relatio! to the accepta!ce o orei-! i!lue!ceJhilst o!es stri4e, at all costs to preser4e the ol, or2s o culture a!,i!stitutio!s/ others


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Soo! Roy let Murshi,aperie!ce, a ierce critiue ro2 'hristia!s/ tooJ ore>a2ple priest Marsh2a! calle, hi2 a alsiier o Gospels.

Ne4ertheless/ there ere !ot all o! the 'hristia! si,e so !e-ati4ely ,ispose,

toar, Roys 4isio! o reli-io!. &e ou!, his allies a2o!- ?ritish a!,A2erica! 'hristia!s +!itaria!s. I!! 13#1 i! 'alcutta there ha,


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e2i!e!t -uestJ he as also recei4e, i! au,ie!ce


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,e4ote, -roup o 1: you!- olloers/ le,


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+!ortu!ately/ his precocious ,eath Balrea,y i! 19"#C pre4e!te, therealiatio! o his lies 2issio!/ the pio!eer or8 o!


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I! o!e o his speeches/ that i! Ma,ras/ Di4e8a!a!,a spo8e a


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I! spite o his too short lieti2e/ Di4e8a!a!,a oere, a lot to the spiritualthou-ht o #"thce!tury a!, his tsor each stu,e!t o &i!,u practice o (o-a. )our 8i!,s o yo-a 8ar2a/


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tra4ele, a lot ith his ather throu-hout !orther! I!,ia $ash2ir a!,&i2alayaJ these our!eys ere also ulille, ith lear!i!-.

Ta-ore ha, co!ti!ue, his e,ucatio! at ?e!-al Aca,e2y a!, i! 1377 he setout or a stu,y to E!-la!,/ here he e!rolle, Lo!,o!s +!i4ersity 'olle-e.

Ater o!e year o stu,yi!- la he let the u!i4ersity a!, retur!e, to I!,ia.Ta-ore pu


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riter/ Ta-ore also 2et ith 2a!y


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e!t to E!-la!, alrea,y at se4e!/ to-ether ith to el,er


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As the re4olutio!ary e!thusias2 ha, -ro! stro!-er/ co!seue!tly 2orea!, 2ore lea,ers o 2ilita!t 2o4e2e!ts ere either e>ecute, or se!te!ce,to lo!-sta!,i!- i2priso!2e!t. So/ the 2artyrs ere create,/ i! this ay. Othe pure 2artyr,o2 also rote Auro


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%uri!- his acti4ity i! Po!,ichery/ Auro


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earliest a-e he a,opte, pri!ciples o !o!4iole!ce toar, li4i!- cel/ he as ust a!

a4era-e pupil. So/ he a2i!atio! at ?o2t year Ga!,hi ha, ,eparte, to E!-la!, a!, there he e!rolle, Lo!,o!+!i4ersity 'olle-e/ here he stu,ie, la/ li8e Ta-ore ,i, so2e te! yearsa2pleay o clothi!- or atte!,i!- ,a!ci!- lesso!s. ?ut/ at the sa2e ti2e here2ai!e, aithul to &i!,u pri!ciples o a


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Tila8s ,eath/ Ga!,hi ca2e o!to the hea, o the I!,ia! Natio!al 'o!-ress.The! he starte, a ca2pai-! or the reusal o cooperatio! ith ?ritish/i!citi!- I!,ia!s to pro,uce clothes o! their o! a!, to


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I! a,,itio! to the act that he as the 2ost pro2i!e!t i-ure o I!,ia!2o4e2e!t or the i!,epe!,e!ce/ Ga!,hi as also a ,e4ote, stu,e!t o the&i!,u philosophy. &is opus i!clu,es or8s pu


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Sri Sri2a, A.'. ?ha8ti4e,a!ta Sa2i Pra


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@est ha, orie!te, his e>plorati4e spirit toar, the stu,y o the structure othe physical u!i4erse a!, ,isco4ery o !e co!ti!e!ts/ Sri 'aita!ya i! theEast ha, le, re4olutio! orie!te, toar, the i!!er 2a!/ toar, theu!,ersta!,i!- o the spiritual !ature o 2a!/ says Pra


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physics. I! 1901 he


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I! the irst hal o the se4e!ties there ere peror2e, scie!tiic researches asi! the co!!ectio! ith i2pro4e2e!t o the i!,i4i,ual health a!, selactualiatio!/ so those relate, to the i!lue!ce o iel,s o -roup 2e,itatio!Bso calle, Maharishi eectC. Na2ely/ Maharishi has oresee! that -roup2e,itatio! oul, ha4e a a4ora


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O all the -reat 2e! o 2o,er! Neo&i!,uis2/ Sathya Sai ?a


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o ?a!-alore. I! a,,itio!/ a hu-e hu2a!itaria! proect ,i, e!a


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.6. ?+%%&ISM BIN%IANC.6.1. Osho E!li-hte!2e!t


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I! 1970 Oshos co22u!ity Blater calle, Osho I!ter!atio!al 'o22u!eC2o4es to Pu!e/ to! ith 2uch 2ore pleasa!t cli2ate/ i! ,isti!ctio! ro2hot a!, hu2i, Mu2


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.:. ZEN ?+%%&ISM B=APANESEC.:.1. &a8ui! Great Ma! o Mo,er! A-e Ze!?u,,his2

?etee! 1tha!, 13thce!tury =apa!ese Ze! ?u,,his2 ha,


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e>ercises/ li8e sitti!- 2e,itatio! Bae!C. %uri!- the ti2e spe!t at the te2pleE!-a8ui/ Suu8i li4e, a 2o!astery lie.

I! the !i!eties o the 19thce!tury Soye! Sha8u i!4ite, Suu8i to the +!ite,States. I! the


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i22erse, i! O!e. The O!e is All a!, All is O!e. The O!e per2eates All a!,All is i! O!e.

211


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4& .,W -,L"2"+.(

0.1. ?A&AI RELIGION0.1.1. ?ahaullah )ulill2e!t o Messia!ic E>pectatio!sF

I! 1300 it as e>pecte, co2i!- o Messiah !ot o!ly i! 'hristia! orl,#/


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t our a!, the hal years. )ro2this to! ?ahaullah se!t a hole ro o epistles to Europea! rulers a!, alsoto Pope Pius I/ to Persia! Shah a!, Tur8ish Sulta!. I! 13:3/ as the ?ahaico22u!ity ile o!ce

a-ai!/


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reli-ious tra,itio!s/ so it is a 8i!, o 2etaphilosophical pere!!ialphilosophy/ hich tra!sce!,s the ceptio! othe La o lo4e hich is eter!al a!, i22uta


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0.#. S'IENTOLOG(0.#.1. Scie!tolo-y 'hurch o L. Ro! &u


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I! 190: &u


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&ut ei-ht years cruisi!- the Me,iterra!ea! Sea. O! these4oya-es &u


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Russia! Ortho,o> 'hurch/ Luthera! 'hurch a!, others. So2e o theseco22u!ities co!si,er Scie!tolo-y a-!ostic a!, e4e! sata!ic reli-io!.&oe4er/ these accusatio!s are pro


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5& (,!-, (+!",",( +F *, M+D,-. )2,

6.1. ROSI'R+'IAN SO'IET(6.1.1. Ro


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There are so2e co!tro4ersies co!cer!i!- the act/ hether )lu,, as the2e2


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It spea8s a


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6.#. )REEMASONR(6.#.1. Mystical Philosophy o )ree2aso!ry

Lo!,o!/ to! i! hich 2ystical philosopher Se,e! a!, St. Peters


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)ichte. &e also steps out a-ai!st o!esi,e,!ess o the reli-ious e,ucatio!/especially i! respect o the outer a!, !atio!alist or2 o reli-io!. O! theco!trary it is !ecessary to respect reli-io!s a!, custo2s o other !atio!s/si!ce they ha4e ri-ht ust li8e a!y other. Accor,i!- to )ichte/ Maso! is !otreli-ious/


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Or,er. I! Lyo!/ Sai!tMarti! rites his irst or8 8es erreurs et de la %0ritGBO! Errors a!, the TruthC. The


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us/ the te!t o 'o4e!a!t a!, &ea4e!ly =erusale2


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oul, 2arry i! 13":. i! 1737 Goethe lea,s -eolo-ical a!, perie!ces/ 4iepoi!t/lo4e a!, hatre,/ aspiratio! or the perect 8!ole,-e/ 2a-ic a!, spiritual i!-e!eral. Goethe has create, i! 9aust a i-ure hich re2i!,s 4ery 2uch ohi2sel alo!e/ o his i!te!si4e i2pulse toar, 8!ole,-e/ as the part o hisartistic a!, scie!tiic -e!ius. I! this or8 2ytholo-y ca2e i!to poerule>pressio!. I! Goethes co!ceptio! it has a 2a-ical poer. She is 4eryi2porta!t or a si!-le i!,i4i,ual/


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Goethe ,i,


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6.. T&EOSOP&I'AL SO'IET(6..1. Theosophical Society

The i,ea o spiritual u!i4ersalis2/ hich


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aterar,s she set out or Ti


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u!i4ersal is,o2. Isis ?n%eiled at the sa2e ti2e prese!ts a settli!- oaccou!ts ith i!alli


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the WorldDs Religions hilst thir,/ li8e i! the irst 4olu2e co2pares scie!ceith secret ,octri!e.The Secret 8octrine ,eli!eate, the sche2e o e4olutio!i! relatio! to the u!i4erse a!, 2a!8i!, a!, it is


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Ater the ar 'olo!el Olcott retur!s to Ne (or8/ here he oul, i!ish hisstu,ies i! la. I! 13:3 he as a,2itte, to the Ne (or8 ?ar a!, specialie,or cases relate, to i!sura!ce/ custo2s a!, re4e!ue. O4er the !e>t 1" years&.S. Olcott oul, peror2 his layers practice/ ha4i!- such clie!ts as


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,eath. O! his 4oya-e o! the ship


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the! it as 8!o! that A!!ie ?esa!t has e>celle!t rhetoric s8ill a!, thatshe alrea,y achie4e, success as a riter. Soo! ater the ,eath o ?la4ats8y/A!!ie ?esa!t has pu


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*hristianit( a!, )(sticis$.The or8 Occult *he$istr( is i!teresti!-


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?y the e!, o 1339/ Lea,t year he2eets A!!ie ?esa!t. Their close colla


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so2e pro2i!e!t 2e2


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itsel ith the 2atter.#7The or8 )onad also ,eals ith 2e,itatio! a!,achie4e2e!t o the hi-her states o co!scious!ess.

The !e>t or8 )asters and the #ath spea8s o -reat teachers a,epts/ ospiritual ay that each olloer o the Path has to pass/ o ,e-rees o

i!itiatio!s a!, o the hierarchy o the i!itiate,. The 2idden i!e in9ree$asonr( re4eals ,etails ro2 the history o )ree2aso!ry/ structure oMaso!ic lo,-es/ rituals a!, cere2o!ies a!, i!itiatio!s i!to loer a!, hi-her,e-rees. I! his last i2porta!t or8 The *haras Lea,


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@ie!erNeusta,t/ ro2 137# u!til 1379. &e passe, the i!al e>a2 ith a!e>celle!t -ra,e.

Ater he i!ishe, the -ra22ar school/ Stei!er e!rolle, the &i-h Tech!icalSchool i! Die!!a/ here he stu,ies 2athe2atics a!, !atural scie!ce. ?ut/

i! a,,itio! to this stu,y/ he atte!,s si2ulta!eously lectures i! philosophyat Die!!a u!i4ersity. As he re2ar8e, i! his auto


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pu


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that 2a!s spiritual ,e4elop2e!t co!ti!ues ater his ,eath/


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I! his ar,e!t ,esire or ,eepe!i!- his 8!ole,-e i! theosophy/ &ei!,el ha,i! 19"7 set out to Ger2a!y/ to perie!ce/ i! hich he recei4e, ro2 a hi-hly e4ol4e, spiritual


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School. This school is ,eeply i!ter!atio!al i! its spiritual ,eli


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i!clu,es ti2e a!, space a!, hich ca!


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e!title, The 9irst and ast 9reedo$. &e pai, co!si,era


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i!tellectual a!alysis or i!trospecti4e ,iscer!2e!t. &e ,ei!e, ree,o2 aspure u!,irecte, oistthe co2plete har2o!y !ot o!ly i!si,e us/


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6.0. GOL%EN %[email protected]. Gol,e! %a!

I! the !i!eties o 19thce!tury a!other her2etical or-a!iatio! playe,i2porta!t role i! the orl, o 2ysticis2 a!, 2ystical philosophy. It as theher2etical society !a2e, Gol,e! %a!. It as esta


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Arica ith his you!-est ,au-hter a!, her a2ily. &e ,ie, i! 19#6 i!%urts i!

co!!ectio! ith Gol,e! %a! a!, pu


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Such a -ui,a!ce o the Or,er ro2 the ,ista!ce has !ot relecte, a4ora


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a2e a!,er 'roleyC as


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As it as aore2e!tio!e,/ 'roleys a2


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The seco!, hal o the te!ties 'roley spe!t 2ai!ly i! Paris. I! 19#3 hissecretary


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practical e>ercises there is a special e2phasis o! 8!ole,-e o the$a


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&e


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O! his retur! to A2erica/ Re-ar,ie stu,ie, psychotherapy a!, the stu,yi!clu,e, )reu,ia!/ =u!-ia! a!, Reichs 2etho,s a!, tech!iues. I! 193he pupose,practical e>ercises o cere2o!ial 2a-ic o Gol,e! %a!/ step


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6.6. P&ILOSOP&I'AL RESEAR'& SO'IET(6.6.1. Ma!ly P. &all;s Secret Teachi!- o all A-es

I! the course o te!ties a!, thirties he! i! Europe hel, pro2i!e!t roles

Gue!o!/ E4ola a!, others/ i! A2erica appeare, a! i2porta!t spiritualteacher !a2e, Ma!ly Pal2er &all. This A2erica! o 'a!a,ia! ori-i! ha,i2pose, hi2sel alrea,y as you!- 2a! a!, later


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Seriously tac8li!- the ,e2a!,i!- or8/ &all ha, collecte, i! the course ote!ties a co!si,erats o those or-otte! a!cie!t sa-es a!,i!ally i! 19#3 he pu


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6& .,W (!",.!, ).D M'("!"(M

:.1. &OLISTI' S'IEN'E:.1.1. Scie!tiicMystical Philosophy o &olis2

The last uarter o #"thce!tury as characterie, as ell


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as philosophy/ especially the2es li8e ori-i! o the u!i4erse/ !ature a!,,irectio! o the e4olutio! o lie a!, co!scious!ess/ as ell as the 2ea!i!- ocha!-es a!, tra!sor2atio!s i! 2o,er! culture a!, ci4iliatio!s. Soo!Laslo -ai!e, a Ph.%. ,e-ree at Sor


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lecturer at Sa!ta 'ru +!i4ersity i! 'alior!ia. I! the irst hal o these4e!ties 'apra co!ti!ues the research at the I2perial 'olle-e i! Lo!,o!. I!this perio, there ori-i!ate, Tao o! #h(sics, pio!eer or8 i! the iel, o !escie!tiic2ystical philosophy. Ater 'apras or,s/ he -ot the irsti!spiratio! i! 19:9/ o! the


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Ater Tao o! #h(sics )rito 'apra rote se4eral i2porta!t or8s/ li8e TheTurning #oint, The We" o! i!e a!, 2idden *onnections, plicit as i! his irst or8. To,ay/ 'apra is ,irector ohis 'e!ter or Ecoliteracy i! ?er8eley/ 'alior!ia a!, he is also a te2porarylecturer at Schu2aher 'olle-e i! E!-la!,. &is i!terests are or a lo!- ti2e

,irecte, toar,s holistic/ ,eep ,eli


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Shel,ra8e the!


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'hristia! 2ystic. &e re4i4e, the a!cie!t 2ystical teachi!-s i! a 2o,er!holistic spirit. &e spea8s i! a4or o the i!terrelatio!ship o all reli-io!s/social ustice/ ,epe!,e!ce o the spirit o! co!scious!ess o the ecolo-icalsurrou!,i!-s/ e2i!is2 a!, accepta!ce o ho2ose>uality.

Matthe )o> as


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O 'hopras !eer or8s/


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I! the seco!, hal o the ei-hties @il


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the secrets o the u!i4erse/ e shoul,


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#:.'&OPRA/ %eepa8 St4ara!e ,ra4la/ Me,ici!s8a 8!i-a/ ?eo-ra,Za-re.ht2

60.&AMDAS/ ?ela =as2i! i 2asli!a/ 'eres/ Za-re


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6:.&ARDE(/ A!,re Deli8i 2isti[ari/ D?Z/ Za-re The Rosicrucia! 'os2o'o!ceptio!/

httpKK.rosicrucia!.co2KrccKrcc"".ht25%. &ERA$LIT S4e,o[a!st4a )ra-2e!ti/ Matica hr4ats8a/ Za-re


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%%. ORIGEN %e Pri!cipiis/httpKK.!ea,4e!t.or-KathersK"01#.ht2

39.ORIGENE %io !ostro Pa,re/ 'itt] Nuo4a/ Ro2a/ 1993.9".OS&O ?ieli lotos/ No4a ar8a/ Za-retsKPlutarchKMoraliaKIsisa!,OsirisgKho2e.ht2l

1".POTI_/ %a2ir Ta!i s4iet 2a-i8e/ No4a ar8a/ Za-re


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11&.SOLOD=OD/ Dla,i2ir S2isao lu


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Al)ara


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)o>/ Matthe #:7/ #:3/ #:9Ga!,hi/ Mahat2a 19/ 19:/ 197/ 193/ 199/ #:GeGichtel/ =oha!! 10:/ 107Goethe 169/ ##:/ ##7/ ##3/ #:7Gre-ory o Nyssa 0"/ 01/ 0#/ :"Gue!o!/ Re!X BA


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Muhaiya,,ee!/ ?aa 179/ 13"Mulor,/ Pre!tice 1:6/ 1::/ 1:7Na-aru!a 09/ 13Nichire! 10#/ 10/ 100Nicholas o 'usa 09/ 77/ 31/ 3#/ 3/ 1"/ 10:/ 1:3

Olcott/ &e!ry S. ##9/ #"/ #1/ ##/ #/ #0/ #6/ #:Ori-e! #1/ ##/ #0/ 9/ 0"/ 01/ 00/ 60/ 63Orpheus 1#Osho #":/ #"7Paracelsus 91/ 9#/ 9/ 1:/ #19/ ##1/ #:1/ #:9Pascal/ ?laise 109/ 16"/ 161Pata!ali 06/ #"Patrii/ )ra!cesco B)ra!e PetriVC 9:/ 97/ 93Philo o Ale>a!,ria 00/ 119Picatri> BGhayat alha8i2C 11"/ 111/ 1#1Pico ,ella Mira!,ola 36/ 3:/ 37/ 9"/ 97/ 99Plato 3/ 9/ 1"/ 10/ 16/ 1:/ 17/ #1/ ##/ #6/ #7/ "/ 1/ 6/ 3/ 01/ 00/ 60/ :#/:/ 3"/ 31/ 30/ 36/ 97/ 93/ 1"1/ 11"/ 116/ 113/ 103/ 1:9Pletho!/ Geor-ios Ge2istos 79/ 3"/ 31/ 3#/ 97Ploti!us 9/ 17/ #1/ ##/ #/ #0/ #6/ #:/ #7/ #3/ "/ 1/ 01/ 0#/ 60/ 66/ 69/1":/ 11"/ 11:/ 1#1/ 103/ 1:#Plutarch #"/ #1/ 6Porphyry 1/ #"/ #1/ ##/ #/ #0/ #6/ #7/ #3/ "/ 1/ 9/ 60/ 97Posi,o!ius 13/ 19Prel/ 'arl ,u 1:7/ 1:3Proclus 1"/ "/ 1/ 0#/ 0/ 63/ 3#/ 97/ 1":/ 1"9

Psellus/ Michael :1/ :#/ :/ 9"/ 97/ 1#:/ 16Pytha-oras 9/ 1#/ 1/ 10/ 16/ 1:/ #"/ #1/ #7/ 6/ 36/ 111/ 117/ #:1Ra2 Mohu2 Roy 136/ 13:/ 137/ 133/ 139/ 191Ra2a8rish!a 3/ 137/ 133/ 139/ 19"Ra2a!ua 1#:/ 1#7/ 1#/ 16Re-ar,ie/ Israel #6#/ #60/ #66/ #67/ #63/ #69Reuchli!/ =oha!!es 37/ 33Richar, a St. Dictor :7Ru2i 117/ 113Saa,ia ?e! =oseph 119Sai!tMarti!/ Louis ,e ##0/ ##6/ ##:Sathya Sai ?aSrila Pra


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Suu8i/ %aiset T. 13/ #"3/ #"9/ #1"Se,e!

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