ISO/TC 282 N 19

ISO/TC 282Water re-use

Email of secretary: chiba@jsa.or.jp Secretariat: JISC (Japan)

N019 Draft Strategic Business Plan TC282

Document type: Other draft

Date of document: 2013-12-09

Expected action: COMM

Action due date: 2014-01-15

Background: Dear members of ISO/TC282I am please to send you the draft Strategic Business Plan (SBP) of ISO/TC282.In order to discuss this draft SBP at our 1st meeting in Japan, I would like to ask you to send yourcomments back to me (chiba@jsa.or.jp) no later than 15th January, 2014. I would apologize forthis short consultation period.When you make comments, please use the ISO comment template and specify the relevant linenumbers.Best regards,Yusuke ChibaSecretary of ISO/TC282

Committee URL: http://isotc.iso.org/livelink/livelink/open/tc282

ISO/TC Strategic business plan

ISO/TC Strategic business plan template - Instructions 1 DRAFT PROPOSAL 2

3 IMPORTANT INFORMATION 4 5 Every newly established technical committee (TC) is required to prepare a strategic business plan (SBP) 6 within 18 months of its provisional establishment, in parallel with its standards development work. The SBP 7 of a TC covers the activities of any subcommittees under the TC. For existing TCs, it is proposed that in the 8 development of the SBP, the TC should identify the range of stakeholders that should be engaged based on 9 the subject area being standardized. Each active TC is required to prepare, maintain and regularly review its 10 own SBP. The SBP of a new TC must be formally agreed upon by the TC and then reviewed and approved 11 by the Technical Management Board (TMB). 12 13 See Annex SC.3 of the Consolidated ISO Supplement for details on the procedures to be followed for the 14

development, approval and review of SBPs. 15 16 NOTE: The SBP contains information on the scope, title, structure and work programme of the TC. These 17 elements should all have been previously approved by the relevant authority. Draft SBPs submitted to the 18 TMB for approval should not contain new or revised information in these areas – if the TC wishes to add or 19 revise these elements, separate approval must be sought. See the ISO/IEC Directives Part 1, 1.5.10 (title 20 and scope); 1.6.1 (sub-committees); 2.1.5.6 (work programme). 21 22 Main objective of the SBP: 23 The main objective of the SBP is to provide a concise and up-to-date overview of the committee’s work in a 24 user-friendly format for interested stakeholders. The types of stakeholders to be addressed in the SBP 25 include: 26 27

o The management layer of organizations and companies making a contribution to standardization; 28 o Standards developers and standards developing organizations; 29 o Regulators; 30 o Users of standards; 31 o The interested public. 32 33

The SBP should provide an analysis of important business, technological, environmental and social trends in 34 the field addressed by the work of the ISO/TC. It should also explain the linkages between these trends and 35 the priority areas in the standards development work of the committee. 36 37 Drafting instructions: 38 Information must be entered into this SBP template as indicated (in the header/footer and in fields marked 39 ‘click here to enter text’) for the Executive summary and sections 2 to 6. See the relevant drafting 40 instructions in each section for guidance on the content. 41 42 Please consider including graphical elements to represent market structures, information on trade or the 43 structure of the committee, where relevant. 44 45 Hyperlinks 46 In some cases, information – for example regarding the work programme, project target dates, the list of 47 published standards, the committee structure etc. – can be included dynamically via hyperlinks from the 48 SBP template to committee-specific information available from ISO's main website, ISO Online. Where this 49 is required, the need to add hyperlinks will be clearly indicated with red, underlined text. In addition to the 50 required hyperlinks given in this template, TCs may include hyperlinks pointing to other relevant sections on 51 ISO Online, or to their own databases with more detailed project information. 52 53 Once you have completed the draft SBP, please delete all blue-shaded boxes with ‘Drafting instructions’ 54 throughout the document. 55

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STRATEGIC BUSINESS PLAN (DRAFT) 56

ISO/TC 282 57 58 59 60

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 61 62 Drafting Instructions 63

64 The executive summary shall contain a concise description of 65 66 • The main fields and the overall size of the markets addressed by the committee (i.e. the committee's 67

environment) 68 • The benefits already realized and/or expected through the availability of the standards 69 • The main objectives and priorities in the work of the committee 70 71 This section shall normally not exceed one page. 72 73 3T 74 Committee's environment 75 76 There is a rapidly growing market on a global scale for water re-use which inevitably demands the standards 77 applicable world-wide. Today, water shortage is faced in many regions in the world, and the feasibility of 78 water re-use draws attention for various purposes. Meanwhile, the possibility of water re-use is rousing 79 concerns over human health, environmental and societal implications of water re-use across the world. This 80 has led to the increasing needs to specify various aspects of water re-use projects defined by appropriate 81 parameters. Consequently, in such projects, there are growing needs for the international standardisation 82 from supplier, user and regulator sides. Unless these needs are met by the activities of ISO, a great deal of 83 opportunities for the sustainable development based on water re-use will be lost. 84 85 Benefits 86 ISO/TC 282 standards will help: 87 • Facilitate the dialogue among stakeholders, including consumers, providers, public authorities, industries, 88 research departments, laboratories; 89 • Ensure consistency within a sector engaged in water re-use 90 • Provide guidelines for a healthy, hydrological, environmental and economic conscious design, operation, 91 monitoring and maintenance for water re-use of different kinds including irrigation, urban, environmental and 92 industrial uses. 93 • Provide methods and tools to evaluate the risk and performance of water re-use systems from multifaceted 94 aspects including human health, economics, environment and society. 95 • Implement the management system standard such as ISO 9000 and 14000 series for an organization 96 engaged in water re-use to achieve its objectives. 97 98 Main objectives and priorities in the work of the committee 99 ISO/TC 282 standards deal with: 100 • The definition of a terminology common to the different stakeholders; 101 • Specification of the elements to be considered for planning, designing, operation, monitoring and 102 maintenance of water re-use including for various fields including irrigation, urban, environmental and 103 industrial uses. 104 • Methods and indicators for risk and performance evaluation of water re-use system. 105 106 Water re-use comprises a sequence of the stages and operations involved in uptaking, conveyance, 107 processing, storage, distribution, consumption, drainage and other handling of wastewater, including the 108 water re-use in repeated, cascaded and recycled ways. 109 The standards and other deliverables to be developed in TC 282, in principle, are intended to cover 110 centralized and decentralised or on-site water re-uses, direct and indirect ones as well as intentional and 111

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unintentional ones, irrespective of whether the relevant organization is public or private. 112 1. INTRODUCTION 113

114 1.1 ISO technical committees and business planning 115 116 The extension of formal business planning to ISO Technical Committees (ISO/TCs) is an important measure 117 which forms part of a major review of business. The aim is to align the ISO work programme with expressed 118 business environment needs and trends and to allow ISO/TCs to prioritize among different projects, to 119 identify the benefits expected from the availability of International Standards, and to ensure adequate 120 resources for projects throughout their development. 121 122 1.2 International standardization and the role of ISO 123 124 The foremost aim of international standardization is to facilitate the exchange of goods and services through 125 the elimination of technical barriers to trade. 126 127 Three bodies are responsible for the planning, development and adoption of International Standards: ISO 128 (International Organization for Standardization) is responsible for all sectors excluding Electrotechnical, 129 which is the responsibility of IEC (International Electrotechnical Committee), and most of the 130 Telecommunications Technologies, which are largely the responsibility of ITU (International 131 Telecommunication Union). 132 133 ISO is a legal association, the members of which are the National Standards Bodies (NSBs) of some 140 134 countries (organizations representing social and economic interests at the international level), supported by 135 a Central Secretariat based in Geneva, Switzerland. 136 137 The principal deliverable of ISO is the International Standard. 138 139 An International Standard embodies the essential principles of global openness and transparency, 140 consensus and technical coherence. These are safeguarded through its development in an ISO Technical 141 Committee (ISO/TC), representative of all interested parties, supported by a public comment phase (the ISO 142 Technical Enquiry). ISO and its Technical Committees are also able to offer the ISO Technical Specification 143 (ISO/TS), the ISO Public Available Specification (ISO/PAS) and the ISO Technical Report (ISO/TR) as 144 solutions to market needs. These ISO products represent lower levels of consensus and have therefore not 145 the same status as an International Standard. 146 147 ISO offers also the International Workshop Agreement (IWA) as a deliverable which aims to bridge the gap 148 between the activities of consortia and the formal process of standardization represented by ISO and its 149 national members. An important distinction is that the IWA is developed by ISO workshops and fora, 150 comprising only participants with direct interest, and so it is not accorded the status of an International 151 Standard. 152 153

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2. BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT OF THE ISO/TC 155

156 2.1 Description of the Business Environment 157 158 The following political, economic, technical, regulatory, legal and social dynamics describe the business 159 environment of the industry sector, products, materials, disciplines or practices related to the scope of this 160 ISO/TC, and they may significantly influence how the relevant standards development processes are 161 conducted and the content of the resulting standards: 162 163 Drafting Instructions 164 165 Provide an appropriate list as described above. Describe any dynamics that may be relevant to your 166 specific ISO/TC, but do not feel compelled to describe dynamics in all of the categories in the series above if 167 they are not relevant. This list may include descriptions of: 168 169 • The state of the art in the field addressed by the scope of the ISO committee; 170 • Recent or expected technological changes and major innovations related to the industry sector, 171

products or materials addressed by the scope of the ISO committee; 172 • Recent or expected changes and major innovations in the disciplines or practices addressed by the 173

scope of the ISO committee; 174 • Categories of relevant stakeholders (for example, industry, government, public interest groups, 175

investors, lending institutions, employees, customers, suppliers, contractors, media, consumers, local 176 communities); 177

• The concerns and perceptions of relevant stakeholders; 178 • Social, safety, health, environmental or cultural issues related to the sector, products, materials, 179

disciplines or practices addressed by the scope of the ISO committee; 180 • Other relevant international, regional or national standards or voluntary initiatives; 181 • Real or potential technical barriers to trade related to the scope of the ISO committee, due to diverging 182

national, regional or other standards and/or technical regulations. If possible, an estimation of their 183 financial impact on trade should be provided. 184

• Other regulatory and legal issues, such as the existence of international, regional and national 185 legislation/regulations, product bans, coverage by patents, etc. 186

187 3T 188 189 2.1.1 Non-conventional water resources for “The Future We Want” 190 Resolution “The future we want” which was adopted by the General Assembly of United Nations in the 123rd 191 plenary meeting on 27 July 2012 involves the following statement; 192 193

123. We underline the need to adopt measures to address floods, droughts and water scarcity, 194 addressing the balance between water supply and demand, including, where appropriate, non-195 conventional water resources, and to mobilize financial resources and investment in infrastructure for 196 water and sanitation services, in accordance with national priorities. 197 124. We stress the need to adopt measures to significantly reduce water pollution and increase water 198 quality, significantly improve wastewater treatment and water efficiency and reduce water losses. In 199 order to achieve this end we stress the need for international assistance and cooperation. 200

201 The water produced by water re-use is recognized as a promising non-conventional water resource and 202 wide range of projects for water re-use are planned or in progress in the world. Improving wastewater 203 treatment sometimes highlightes the potential of treated wastewater use and promotes exploiting the non-204 conventional water resources. 205 206 2.1.2 Water Supply Crisis – One of the Major World Risks 207

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World Water Crisis is ranked as within the top five risks by likelihood and impact in the report “World 208 Economic Forum’s Global Risks 2013”, which was developed from an annual survey of over 1,000 experts 209 from industry, government, academia and civil society who were asked to review a landscape of 50 global 210 risks over the next 10 years. Water shortage is now recognized as one of the major threats which are likely 211 to give significant impacts on the global society and should be addressed very urgently. 212 213 2.1.3 Global Climate Change 214 Summary for Policy Makers of the Working Group I (WGI-12), contribution to the IPCC (Intergovernmental 215 Panel on Climate Change) Fifth Assessment Report (WGI AR5) “Climate Change 2013” describes the 216 following result of long-term climate model simulation. 217 Changes in the global water cycle in response to the warming over the 21st century will not be uniform. The 218 contrast in precipitation between wet and dry regions and between wet and dry seasons will increase, 219 although there may be regional exceptions. 220 Mean precipitation will likely decrease in many midlatitude and subtropical dry regions, while in many 221 midlatitude wet regions, mean precipitation will likely increase by the end of this century. This means that the 222 present water-stressed regions are likely to suffer from severer water shortage in the future. 223 224 2.1.4 The United Nations World Water Assessment Programme 225 The United Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP) is currently undertaking a project to 226 develop potential scenarios for the world’s water resources and their use up to 2050. 227 One of the most important development affecting water was the percentage of land area subject to droughts. 228 The participants estimated that this could increase by at least 50% for extreme events, 40% for severe 229 droughts and 30% for moderate ones by the 2040s. 230 Desalination was not viewed as a likely solution to water availability before the end of the 2040s. It was 231 considered likely that desalination could produce 25% of the drinking water for cities by the end of the 2040s, 232 and 5% of water used for food production by the middle of the century. 233 234 2.1.5 Green Technology for Green Economy 235 “The United Nations World Water Development Report 4 – Managing Water under uncertainty and Risk” is 236 discussing the water’s role in greening economies and growth. Water is an essential resource required for 237 sustaining life and livelihoods: safe water is required for drinking, hygiene and providing food; and adequate 238 water to produce energy and support economic activities such as industry and transportation. Recognizing 239 the centrality of water for sustainable development is crucial in the development of a green economy. New 240 approaches, such as planning for adaptation to uncertain futures, the adoption of green technologies, 241 improving the efficiency of water provision, and developing alternative water sources and forms of 242 management will play an essential role in enabling a cross-sectoral transition to a green economy. In this 243 context, water re-use and recycling, and rainwater harvesting are recognized as some promising green 244 technologies for greening economies and growth. 245 246 2.1.6 Recommendations from ISO/TMB 247 Final ITFWA (Implementation Task Force on Water) report to the ISO/TMB recommended that ISO/PC 253 248 Treated wastewater re-use for irrigation be transformed into a technical committee "Water re-use" with an 249 enlarged scope to include other kinds of re-use of treated wastewater. ISO/TMB in its resolution 19/2013 250 (quoted below), noting this recommendation, approved, in principle, the creation of a new TC to address 251 water re-use, which would also be responsible for : 1) the ISO 16075 series currently under development, 252 and 2) the contents of TS/P 232. This Strategic Business Plan addresses the resolutions of ISO/TMB. 253 254 TECHNICAL MANAGEMENT BOARD RESOLUTION 19/2013 255 256 Final report of the Implementation Task Force on Water (ITFWA) – Idea 2 257 258 The Technical Management Board, 259 260 Noting "Idea 2: Re-use for all kinds of uses: develop a coherent approach" in the ITFWA final report 261 recommending that: 262

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- ISO/PC 253 Treated wastewater re-use for irrigation be transformed into a technical committee entitled 263 "Water re-use" with an enlarged scope to include other kinds of re-use of treated wastewater, 264 - this new technical committee could have several subcommittees dealing with specific kinds of re-use of 265 treated wastewater, which could include the proposal from SAC (China) TS/P 232 on Treated wastewater 266 re-use in urban areas and noting the JISC proposal (Risk and performance evaluation of water re-use 267 system). 268 269 Approves, in principle, the creation of a new TC to address water re-use which would also be responsible 270 for: 1) the ISO 16075 series currently under development, and 2) the contents of TS/P 232, 271 272 Requests SII (Israel), SAC (China) and JISC (Japan) to work with ISO/CS (by end of February 2013) to 273 prepare a draft TS/P to address water re-use, and 274 275 Instructs ISO/CS to circulate the above TS/P to ISO members with a communication explaining that it 276 cancels and replaces TS/P 232 currently under ballot, further to the recommendations of the ITFWA. 277 278 In the ISO International Workshop on Water held on 25/26 July 2012 in Kobe, "Standard for the re-use of 279 water" was ranked as the second priority. 280 281 There are a lot of ISO deliverable applicable to water re-use, including ISO 9000, ISO 14000 and ISO 31000 282 series. But water re-use, to which most people have not been accustomed, involves many specific aspects 283 to consider. The international standardisation of water re-use is needed also to facilitate the application of 284 existing ISO deliverables as appropriate to the field of water re-use. 285 286 TECHNICAL MANAGEMENT BOARD RESOLUTION 108/2013 287 288 The Technical Management Board, 289 290 Noting the recommendations provided in the ITFWA analysis on "Idea 6: Water inside buildings: A need for 291 an analysis of existing work at ISO level" and the latest update on the ITFWA Synthesis of all comments 292 received from ITFWA members " Propositions for future work" (TMB WD 90/2013 Annex 4) 293 294 Further noting the update provided by committees on the implementation of TMB Resolutions 19 to 23, 295 296 Requests that the topics outlined in the analysis on Idea 6 be treated as follows: 297 • Priority 1: Topic 4 – Rainwater management (harvesting, green roofs) on buildings and properties to be 298 considered by ISO/TC 282 Water re-use 299 300 2.2 Quantitative Indicators of the Business Environment 301 302 The following list of quantitative indicators describes the business environment in order to provide adequate 303 information to support actions of the ISO/TC: 304 305 Drafting Instructions 306 307 Provide a list of relevant quantitative indicators. The intent of these indicators is to: 308 309 • understand trends in the sector, products, materials, disciplines or practices addressed by the scope of 310

the ISO committee (such trends may be only indirectly influenced by the ISO committee’s International 311 Standards, and are usually influenced by a variety of other factors); 312

• provide quantitative information that directly demonstrates the possible use and acceptance of the ISO 313 committee’s International Standards by the effected business community. 314

315 ISO/TCs with scopes related to specific industry sectors, products or materials may wish to consider 316

indicators such as: 317

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318 • Total international trade in the sector/products/materials (in US$) over the last 3 years; 319 • Imports and exports in the sector/products/materials (in US$) by major geographical regions and/or by 320

countries over the last 3 years; 321 • Total international trade in new sector/product/material growth areas (in US$) over the past three years; 322 • Estimated number of companies (world-wide) operating in the sector or producing the 323

products/materials over the past three years; 324 • Estimated employment (world-wide) in the sector over the last 3 years; 325 • Estimated percentage of products in the marketplace self-declared or certified to the ISO committee’s 326

International Standards over the past 3 years; 327 • Real examples of increased income and/or cost savings achieved through implementation of the ISO 328

committee’s International Standards; 329 • Estimated number of organizations (world-wide) requiring compliance with the ISO committee’s 330

International Standards by suppliers, contractors and other service providers; 331 • Estimated number of cases of governmental adoption of the ISO committee’s International Standards 332

into legislation, regulations or procurement requirements; 333 • Total number of the ISO committee’s International Standards cited as normative references in 334

International Standards of other ISO committees; 335 • Total number of national adoptions of the ISO committee’s International Standards. 336 337 338 ISO/TCs with scopes related to specific disciplines or practices (for example, units of measure, technical 339 drawings, terminology, banking, statistics, biological evaluation, sterilization, clinical laboratory practices, 340 management systems standards, etc.) may wish to consider indicators such as: 341 342 • Estimated number of organizations (world-wide) implementing or certified to the ISO committee’s 343

International Standards over the past 3 years; 344 • Estimated employment (world-wide) related to the disciplines/practices addressed by the scope of the 345

ISO committee over the past 3 years; 346 • Real examples of increased income and/or cost savings achieved through implementation of the ISO 347

committee’s International Standards; 348 • Estimated number of organizations (world-wide) requiring compliance with the ISO committee’s 349

International Standards by suppliers, contractors and other service providers; 350 • Estimated number of cases of governmental adoption of the ISO committee’s International Standards 351

into legislation, regulations or procurement requirements; 352 • Total number of the ISO committee’s International Standards cited as normative references in 353

International Standards of other ISO committees; 354 • Total number of national adoptions of the ISO committee’s International Standards. 355 356 3T 357 2.2.1 Wastewater: a resource to use 358 Wastewater is already being re-used in water-stressed countries (figure 1). 359 Farmers in peri-urban areas use streams for agriculture and aquaculture as in the past, but now increasingly 360 also use wastewater and the nutrients in it. Wastewater flows are typically more reliable than freshwater 361 sources and are rich in nutrients for the cultivation of high-value crops. 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373

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374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390

Figure 1 High Level of Wastewater Re-use in Water-stressed Countries, Various Years 391 Source: The United Nations World Water Development Report 3 – Water in a Changing world 392

393 Water pollution by industrial wastewaters is expected to increase in emerging market economies with 394 economic and industrial development. In the early years following the widespread introduction of 395 environmental regulations in developed countries, firms tended to invest in industrial wastewater treatment 396 and recycling which reduced industrial water consumption and effluent drastically. Treated wastewater from 397 industries should be recognized as promising water resource from perspectives of both conservation of 398 water resources and mitigation of water pollution. 399 By the growth in water re-use for wide range of applications, more freshwater can be allocated for uses that 400 require higher quality, such as for drinking, thereby contributing to more sustainable resource utilization. 401 402 2.2.2 Glowing Global Market of Water Re-use 403 Figure 2 and Figure 3 show the projection of annual additional capacity of desalination and water re-use 404 worldwide and regional growth in tertiary or better re-use capex market, respectively. Both figures are 405 quoted from “Municipal Water Reuse Markets 2010”, Global Water Intelligence. 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427

Figure 2 Annual additional tertiary and advanced capacity: Desalination versus Reuse 428 429 430

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431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448

Figure 3 Regional Growth in Tertiary or Better Re-use Capex, 2009 - 2016 449 450

Pursuant to the report, the market for water re-use is on the verge of major expansion. Over the last decade, 451 growth in this sector has been overshadowed by the accelerated growth of the desalination industry. Going 452 forward, however, the rate of growth in the water re-use sector will outpace desalination. Between 2009 and 453 2016 capital expenditure on advanced water re-use is expected to grow at a compound annual rate of 454 19.5% as the global installed capacity of high quality water re-use plants grows from 28 million m3/d to 79 455 million m3/d. 456 Global Water Intelligence made a recent assessment of certain wastewater technology markets for its Water 457 Technology Markets 2010 report. These include insight into the size and growth of the RO, UF/MF, UV, 458 ozone, chlorination and advanced oxidation markets. These technologies are keys to the water re-use 459 market. Figure 4 shows the market forecast to 2016 for low-pressure membrane. The steep increase in MBR 460 is seemingly due to the growing demand for water re-use, although the membrane has broader application 461 than re-use alone. The development of those key technologies is expected to contribute to the steady 462 growth in water re-use market. 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482

Figure 4 Market Forecast to 2016 for Low-pressure Membrane 483 484 485 486

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2.2.3 Global Market for Water Recycling & Re-use 487 “Global Market for Water Recycling & Reuse: Filtration Systems” published by SBI Energy in 2010 deals 488 with the water conservation technologies (WCTs), also referred to as water saving technologies, which 489 include water recycling or re-use systems; rainwater harvesting or storm water retention mechanisms and so 490 on. In 2009 the WCT market reached over $88 billion worldwide. The market’s exciting growth over the past 491 few years is expected to continue, with its water recycling and re-use sector alone experiencing a near 91% 492 increase in market value between 2009 and 2015. Some of the major factors fuelling the growth of the WCT 493 market include a growing global demand for fresh water, increasing drought in many areas of the world, 494 government economic incentives and project funding; more developed and less costly water conserving 495 technologies and a strengthening of international alliances to propel water conservation around the globe. 496 In the water recycling and re-use market, the total rainwater segment saw a 20% growth from 2008 to 2009, 497 reaching $1.2 billion in 2009. Total increase in market value from 2006 to 2009 totalled over 70% growth (or 498 an increase of $497 million), reflecting a significant incremental increase in growth each year at 18%, 19%, 499 19.5% and 20% respectively. 500 501 502

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3. BENEFITS EXPECTED FROM THE WORK OF THE ISO/TC 504 505 Drafting Instructions 506 507 Provide a list of specific benefits, in quantitative terms where possible, that have been realized or are 508 expected from the work of this ISO/TC. This list could include descriptions of: 509 510 • The main priorities in the work of the committee and how the priorities are related to trends in the 511

business, technological, environmental and social environment of the field addressed by the work of the 512 ISO committee; 513

• How the standards developed by the committee led to or are expected to lead to cost savings through 514 implementation of them; 515

• How the standards have removed or are expected to remove technical barriers to trade and open 516 markets in various regions of the world; 517

• How they responded to or are expected to address relevant social, safety, health or environmental 518 concerns; 519

• How they contributed or are expected to facilitate the harmonization of national and regional standards; 520 • How they supported or are expected to support the implementation of other International Standards; 521 • Whether standards are cited or are expected to be cited as normative references in other International 522

Standards. 523 524 3T 525 ISO/TC 282 standards will help bring following benefits to the stakeholders; 526 Since the water re-use including rainwater management (harvesting, green roofs) on buildings and 527 properties is a newly emerging arena, there can be many confusions or misunderstandings among 528 stakeholders. Some may be afraid of using water reclaimed from wastewater in spite of its safety assured 529 scientifically, while others may be too optimistic about using it thoughtlessly. Generally speaking, three 530 parties are involved in the water re-use project; users of the reclaimed water, suppliers of water re-use 531 services and the relevant public authority. Also industries, research departments, laboratories are included 532 in relevant interested parties. ISO/TC 282 standards will provide the common language to facilitate the 533 dialogue and mutual understanding among stakeholders and encourage and guide water re-use projects 534 undertaken by service suppliers under appropriate regulation by public authority as well as the utilization of 535 the reclaimed water by users in right manner. 536 Common perspectives and knowledge are needed within a sector involved in the water re-use project. For 537 example, the staff members of designing, manufacturing, procurement, operation and maintenance, 538 monitoring and even sales in a service providing company should have the common perspectives and basic 539 knowledge to be required for securing consistency in the water re-use project. The community of users of 540 reclaimed water can have more difficulties to argue whether to accept the reclaimed water or not. Some 541 members may have the feeling that the community is handicapped by the water re-use project. Common 542 perspectives and basic knowledge on water re-use can create the consistency and facilitate the consultation 543 within the community. ISO/TC 282 standards will provide such common perspectives and knowledge to 544 secure consistency within a sector. 545 546 The issues to be considered in a water re-use project vary mainly with the purpose and the source (waste) 547 water. Responding to the growing market for water re-use, rapidly emerging is the social needs for the 548 guidelines on a healthy, hydrological, environmental and economic conscious design, operation, monitoring 549 and maintenance for water re-use project for major purposes and technologies by means of typical source 550 water, one of which is municipal waste water. There are already such guidelines issued by governmental 551 agencies or international organizations. But most guidelines are specific to the country or too specialized in 552 one aspect of the re-use to be accepted by the communities. ISO/TC 282 standards are expected to guide 553 more practically the stakeholders toward the most appropriate solutions of water re-use in water scarce 554 communities and help wiser water re-use to be established in the society, possibly in conjunction with the 555 application of other International Standards or certification system. 556 557

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Intensive research and development activities are in progress and the scientific knowledge is accumulated in 558 industries as well as public research laboratories/institutes. Thus the information asymmetry in 559 communications between service suppliers and users has been a deep-rooted problem. Universal and 560 objective evaluation of risk and performance related to water re-use system is the fundamental key to the 561 problem. What should be shared is not the technical expertise but the system for securing the reliability of 562 risk and performance evaluation. To this end, ISO/TC 282 standards will provide methods and tools to 563 evaluate the risk and performance of water re-use systems from multifaceted aspects including human 564 health, economics, environment and society. Community survey and consultation methods are also included 565 to evaluate the potential impact of water re-use project on the community. 566 567 ISO/TC 282 standards will promote the international trade, facilitating the fair competition among suppliers 568 by providing common methods and indicators for performance evaluation of the facility system and its 569 service. It will be advisable to implement the management system standards such as ISO 9000, 14000 and 570 22300 series for the assurance of the service quality or reliability. ISO/TC 282 standards will help the 571 organizations engaged in water re-use implement those management system standards and get third party 572 certification, which can result in promoting the international fair trading.573

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4. REPRESENTATION AND PARTICIPATION IN THE ISO/TC 574 575 Countries/ISO member bodies that are P and O members of the ISO committee – replace this 576 example link with the link for the correct TC 577 578 4.2 Analysis of the participation 579 580 Drafting Instructions 581 Provide text that addresses the following issues (include graphical presentations, if appropriate): 582 583 • The participation among developed countries, developing countries and countries with economies in 584

transition, and the possible reasons for the lack of participation by any of them; 585 • The participation based on regions of the world, and the possible reasons for any imbalance; 586 • The lack of participation by specific countries or regions known to have significant business, trade or 587

experience in the field addressed by the scope of the ISO committee, and the possible reasons for this 588 lack of participation; 589

• The types of international organizations in liaison with the ISO committee; 590 • Specific ISO member bodies, international organizations or regions of the world that the ISO committee 591

would like to contribute to its work; 592 • Any identified lack of participation or representation of the concerns of significant companies or other 593

stakeholders via ISO member bodies, and the possible reasons for this lack of participation; 594 • Any efforts to improve representation and participation in the ISO committee, including actions to 595

encourage participating ISO member bodies to better incorporate the concerns of specific stakeholders 596 in their positions and delegations. 597

598 3T 599 ISO/TC 282 currently has 18 P-members (Austria ( ASI), Canada ( SCC), China ( SAC), Czech Republic 600 ( UNMZ), Ethiopia ( ESA), Egypt ( EOS), France ( AFNOR), Germany ( DIN), India ( BIS), Israel ( SII), Japan 601 ( JISC), Korea, Republic of ( KATS), Mongolia ( MASM), Peru ( INDECOPI), Portugal ( IPQ), Spain 602 ( AENOR), United States ( ANSI), Viet Nam ( STAMEQ)), and 17 O-members (Argentina ( IRAM ), Armenia 603 ( SARM ), Belgium( NBN), Colombia ( ICONTEC ), Denmark ( DS ), Finland ( SFS ), Iran, Islamic Republic 604 of ( ISIRI ), Lithuania ( LST ), Malaysia ( DSM ), Netherlands ( NEN ), New Zealand ( SNZ ), Poland ( PKN ), 605 Serbia ( ISS ), Singapore ( SPRING SG ), Switzerland ( SNV ), Thailand ( TISI ), United Kingdom ( BSI ). 606 Thus, most industrialised nations and a significant number of developing countries are represented in 607 ISO/TC 282 in spite of the beginning stage of the TC. More members from water-stressed countries are 608 expected to participate actively when the standardization activities are initiated and some outcomes are 609 presented in the future. 610 611 ISO/TC 282 calls for liaisons and has received some applications from relevant organizations which incules: 612 ISO/TC 190 Soil quality 613 ISO/TC 275 Sludge recovery, recycling, treatment and disposal 614 615 And additional potential liaisons can include: 616 ISO/TC 23/SC 18 Irrigation and drainage equipment and systems 617 ISO/TC 147 Water quality 618 ISO/TC 113 Hydrometry 619 ISO/TC 224 Service activities relating to drinking water supply systems and wastewater systems - Quality 620 criteria of the service and performance indicators 621

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5. OBJECTIVES OF THE ISO/TC AND STRATEGIES FOR THEIR ACHIEVEMENT 623 624 5.1 Defined objectives of the ISO/TC 625 626 Drafting Instructions 627 628 Provide text describing the objectives of the ISO committee. This section should identify priority areas in the 629 work of the committee and link the priorities in the committees' work with the major trends in the business, 630 technological, environmental and social fields and markets addressed by the committee. 631 632 In developing these objectives it is helpful to keep in mind the following key criteria, otherwise known as 633 “SMART targets”: Try to make your objectives Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Results-oriented, and 634 Time-bound. 635 636 Example of a possible objective: 637 The TC will elaborate a package of International Standards in the XXXXX sector including aspects 1, 2 and 638 3, but excluding aspects A, B and C (as aspects A, B, and C are not sufficiently developed yet for 639 standardization purposes), which will be available by 2005-05-31. International Standards concerning 640 aspects A, B and C will be developed once the state of the art is better defined. 641 642 3T 643 The ISO/TC 282 will elaborate a package of International Standards in the field of water re-use. 644 Initial interpretation under the guise of SMART headings is considered as follows: 645 646 Specific 647 Water re-use to be dealt with under ISO/TC 282 comprises a sequence of the stages and operations 648 involved in uptaking, conveyance, processing, storage, distribution, consumption, drainage and other 649 handling of wastewater, including the water re-use in repeated, cascaded and recycled ways. It covers both 650 centralised and decentralised or on-site water re-uses, direct and indirect ones as well as intentional and 651 unintentional ones. It includes technical, economic, environmental and societal aspects of water re-use. 652 Water re-use also includes rainwater management (harvesting, green roofs) on buildings and properties. 653 The following items are excluded from this TC: 654 the limit of allowable water quality in water re-use, which should be determined by the governments, 655

WHO and other relevant competent organizations. 656 any aspects which are not specific to water re-use, such as: 657

o management of drinking water and wastewater utilities, which is covered by TC 224, 658 o methods for the measurement of water quality, which are covered by TC 147. 659

660 Measureable 661 Initial targets of standardization will involve the development of International Standards in the following 3 662 categories: 663 (1) Treated wastewater use for irrigation 664 (2) Treated wastewater use in urban area 665 (3) Risk and performance evaluation of water re-use system 666 The development of ISO 16075 series "Guidelines for Treated Wastewater Use for Irrigation Projects" which 667 is now underway in PC 253 will be continued in item (1) in TC 282. 668 The standardisation works of "Guidelines for Health Risk Assessment and Treatment for Reclaimed Water 669 Use" and "Code for Reclaimed Water Quality" are now underway in cooperation among China, Korea and 670 Japan and will be prepared soon for the proposal to TC 282. 671 672 Achievable 673 There are sufficient amount of informative materials including guidelines and technical reports which 674 standardization work should make reference to. Representative guidelines are as follows: 675 • ISO/IWA 6:2008, Guidelines for the management of drinking water utilities under crisis conditions 676 • WHO: Guidelines for the Safe Use of Wastewater, Excreta and Greywater (2006) 677 • AQUAREC: Guideline for quality standards for water reuse in Europe, EVK1-CT-2002-00130, Work 678

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package , Deliverable D15 (2006) 679 • USEPA: Guidelines for Water Reuse (2012) 680 • WERF: Pathogen Risk Indicators for Wastewater and Biodolids (2009) 681 • Australian Guidelines for Water Recycling：Managing Health and Environmental Risks (2006) 682 • National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management, Government of Japan: Report of the 683

Microbial Water Quality Project on Treated Sewage and Reclaimed Wastewater (2008) 684 • Harold L. Leverenz, Takashi Asano: WATER REUSE- Issues, Technologies, and Applications, Metcalf 685

& Eddy (2006) 686 687

Results-oriented 688 In the program of work, standardisation for specific types of wastewater treatment and supply system for 689 popular water re-use may be prioritised, when it is preferred by the international communities. 690 Ex) standardisation of the methods to evaluate human health related risk reduction in some particular 691 process(es) for water re-use 692 Since the global market for water-reuse is exploding and the active research and development on water re-693 use technologies are in progress world-wide, this kind of standardization will be very likely to be proposed 694 and successfully implemented. 695 696 Time-bound 697 The first meeting of TC 282 will be held in Tokyo, Japan on the 23rd and 24th, January, 2014. In this 698 meeting, the major program of work will be discussed so that a consensus on the timetable may be achieved. 699 700 701 5.2 Identified strategies to achieve the ISO/TC’s defined objectives 702 703 Drafting Instructions 704 705 Provide text that addresses how the ISO committee has used or intends to use specific strategies to achieve 706 its objectives and how these objectives are related to the major market trends (see section 2) and the overall 707 priorities of the work of the committee. Such strategies may include: 708 709 • Prioritization of projects (for example, developing terminology standards first, then test methods, etc.); 710 • Use of available national, regional or other standards (such as CEN standards via the Vienna 711

Agreement) as source documents on which to base International Standards; 712 • The way in which the ISO committee work will be conducted (for example, correspondence, physical 713

meetings, teleconferences, e-mail, Internet, need for translation in meetings, etc.); 714 • Necessary co-operation and liaisons with other ISO committees and/or external standards developing 715

organizations; 716 • Use of the various ISO deliverables (International Standards, Technical Specifications, Publicly 717

Available Specifications, Technical Reports, International Workshop Agreements); 718 • Specific needs for pre/co-normative research to support the ISO committee’s work program should be 719

indicated so that an analysis can be made to detect any timing or funding difficulties; 720 • The specific structure of the ISO committee (TC, SCs, WGs) and why the ISO committee chose this 721

particular structure should be explained. 722 723 3T 724 Initial programme of work is supposed to be the standardisation on the subjects as follows: 725 726 (1) Treated wastewater use for irrigation 727

The development of ISO 16075 series "Guidelines for Treated Wastewater Use for Irrigation Projects" is 728 now underway in PC 253. The first 3 parts of the standards were sent for ballot on the DIS stage, while the 729 remaining part 4 will continue develop on the TC 282 frame. 730 In addition, standards on the following subjects at least are to be developed in the future. 731 a) Reserving (storage of treated wastewater re-use) 732 b) Readjustment of the irrigation equipments to the quality of treated wastewater 733 c) Parameters and monitoring procedures 734

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d) Field instrumentation for treated wastewater quality 735 736 (2) Treated wastewater use in urban area 737

a) Terms and definitions of treated wastewater use in urban area 738 b) The classification of treated wastewater use in urban area 739 c) Economic analysis and indicators of treated wastewater use in urban area 740 d) Technological selection of the engineering for treated wastewater use in urban area 741 e) Technological evaluation of the engineering for treated wastewater use in urban area 742 f) Code for design of treated wastewater use in urban area 743 g) Guidelines for the selection, evaluation and optimization of the treated wastewater use in urban area 744

745 (3) Risk and performance evaluation of water re-use system 746

a) Terms and definitions of risk and performance evaluation of water re-use system 747 b) Methods and indicators for risk evaluation of water re-use system 748 c) Methods and indicators for performance evaluation of water re-use system 749 This work should be conducted prior to or in parallel with the other works. 750 Since the performance of water re-use is often evaluated from the viewpoint of risk management, item b) is 751 closely linked to item c). 752

753 Following the TECHNICAL MANAGEMENT BOARD RESOLUTION 19/2013, establishment of a 754 Subcommittee for each of above items (1), (2) and (3) is assumed as an immediate plan. Meanwhile, a 755 Chairman’s Advisory Group is supposed to be created under TC282 to secure the coherence including 756 common terminologies within the TC, taking into consideration the suggestion to “develop a coherent 757 approach” in idea 2 “Re-use for all kinds of uses” in the Final ITFWA report to the ISO/TMB. 758 Subcommittee secretaries for items (1), (2) and (3) will be undertaken by Israel (SII), China (SAC) and 759 Japan (JISC), respectively. 760 761

762 763

Figure 5 Structure of TC 282 in the immediate plan 764 765 766 In addition to the immediate plan, a subcommittee on the subjest of industrial water re-use is expected to be 767 established at the next step. 768 769 770 771 772

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6. FACTORS AFFECTING COMPLETION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ISO/TC WORK 774 PROGRAMME 775 776 Drafting Instructions 777 778 Describe any factors that could negatively impact the completion or business community acceptance and 779 use of the standards developed by the ISO committee. Examples of such factors could include: 780 781 • ISO committee chairperson, secretary, convenor or project leader/editor positions are vacant; 782 • Expert resources are not sufficiently available (for certain projects); 783 • Specific expertise for a project is lacking, which could affect the project’s development as well as the 784

credibility of the resulting standard in the business community; 785 • Validation of a test method is dependent upon funding being available to undertake the necessary 786

pre/co-normative research; 787 • Legal/regulatory issues such as uncertainties regarding a possible EC Directive, which in turn may 788

necessitate modifications of the content and target dates for projects in the work program. 789 790 3T 791 Stakeholders of water re-use comprise the academic researchers, practitioners from industries, officials from 792 public authorities, users of the reclaimed water and so on. Those stakeholders are often divided into some 793 groups specific to the industries where water is re-used. Appropriate mixture of those stakeholders will be 794 the top priority key to the success in good work of standardisation. 795 796 The second priority key is the participation of the experts from water scarce areas in the world. Especially 797 participation from developing areas is desirable to develop more universal International Standards. 798 799 Since water re-use sometimes requires specific technical expertise, the discussion tends to be industry-800 oriented. But the International Standards cannot be successfully implemented without the supports from 801 users. The third priority key is the user-oriented attitude of the TC. 802 803 Special attention should be paid to the above factors in the management of the ISO/TC 282. 804

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7. STRUCTURE, CURRENT PROJECTS AND PUBLICATIONS OF THE ISO/TC 805

806

This section gives an overview of the ISO/TC’s structure, scope, projects and publications. All of this 807 information is updated regularly and is available on ISO’s website, ISO Online. 808 809 Scope of ISO/TC 282 810 Standardisation of water re-use of any kind and for any purpose. It covers both centralised and 811 decentralised or on-site water re-uses, direct and indirect ones as well as intentional and unintentional ones. 812 It includes technical, economic, environmental and societal aspects of water re-use. Water re-use comprises 813 a sequence of the stages and operations involved in uptaking, conveyance, processing, storage, distribution, 814 consumption, drainage and other handling of wastewater, including the water re-use in repeated, cascaded 815 and recycled ways. 816 The scope of ISO/PC 253 (Treated wastewater re-use for irrigation) is merged into the proposed new 817 committee. 818 819 Excluded: 820 • the limit of allowable water quality in water re-use, which should be determined by the governments, 821

WHO and other relevant competent organizations. 822 • any aspects which are not specific to water re-use, such as: 823 o management of drinking water and wastewater utilities, which is covered by TC 224, 824 o methods for the measurement of water quality, which are covered by TC 147, 825

826 827 828 829 The link below is to the TC’s page on ISO’s website: 830 ISO TC XXX on ISO Online (replace this link with a link to the correct TC page from the list) 831 832 Click on the tabs and links on this page to find the following information: 833

• About (Secretariat, Secretary, Chair, Date of creation, Scope, etc.) 834 • Contact details 835 • Structure (Subcommittees and working groups) 836 • Liaisons 837 • Meetings 838 • Tools 839 • Work programme (published standards and standards under development) 840

841 842 Reference information 843 844 Glossary of terms and abbreviations used in ISO/TC Business Plans 845 846 General information on the principles of ISO's technical work 847 848 849