nab thZnbmIWw pff n...Fd-Wm-Ipfw 15 07 2017-IÆq¿ i\n-bmgvN D®-bv v 1.30 apX¬ 3.15 hsc Be-pg 29 07 2017-CSp n i\n-bmgvN D®-bv v tImgn-t mSv 1.30 apX¬ 3.15 hsc]Ø-\w-Xn´ 19 08

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website: www.keralapsc.gov.in E-mail: [email protected] Circulation : 0471-2546270

Vol. 28 Issue12 Fortnightly Febuary 15, 2017 Page 24 ` 10

PSC Bulletin, Official Publication of Kerala Public Service Commission

SINCE 1985

]n.-F-kv.-kn. bpsS Adp-]Xmw hm¿jnIw ]am-Wn®v Hcp h¿jw \o≠p-\n¬°p∂ BtLmj]cn-]m-Sn-I-fpsS DZvLm-S\w s^_p-hcn 27 \v sshIp-t∂cw 4 a-Wn°v Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv]nFkvkn Bÿm-\Øv apJ-y-a¥n ]nW-dmbn hnP-b≥ \n¿h-ln°pw. BtLm-j-Øns‚`mK-ambn Xncp-h-\-¥]pcw, Fd-Wm-Ip-fw, tImgn-t°mSv F∂o aq∂v taJ-e-I-fn¬ skan-\m-dp-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-°pw.

F¬.-Un ¢m¿-°v-FIvkm-an-t\-j≥ sjU-yqƒ 2017-Pn√ Xob-Xnbpw ka-bhpwXncp-h-\-¥-]pcw 17˛06˛2017-ae-∏pdw i\n-bmgvN D®-bv°v

1.30 apX¬ 3.15 hscsIm√w 01˛07˛2017-Xr»q¿ i\n-bmgvN D®-bv°vImk-d-tKmUv 1.30 apX¬ 3.15 hscFd-Wm-Ipfw 15˛07˛2017-IÆq¿ i\n-bmgvN D®-bv°v

1.30 apX¬ 3.15 hscBe-∏pg 29˛07˛2017-CSp°n i\n-bmgvN D®-bv°vtImgn-t°mSv 1.30 apX¬ 3.15 hsc]Ø-\w-Xn´ 19˛08˛2017-]me-°mSv i\n-bmgvN D®-bv°v

1.30 apX¬ 3.15 hsctIm´bw 26˛08˛2017-hb-\mSv i\n-bmgvN D®-bv°v

1.30 apX¬ 3.15 hsc

XkvXn-I-am‰w hgnXncp-h-\-¥-]pcwsIm√w]Ø-\w-Xn´Be-∏pgtIm´bwCSp°nFd-Wm-Ipfw 05˛08˛2017-Xr»q¿ i\n-bmgvN D®-bv°v]me-°mSv 1.30 apX¬ 3.15 hscae-∏pdwtImgn-t°mSvhb-\mSvIÆq¿Imk-d-tKmUv

tIcf ]ªnIv k¿-ho-kv- I-Ωn-j-\p-am-bn- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-sf- _-‘n-∏n-°p-∂ I-Æn-bm-Wv- ]n.-F-kv.-kn- _p-f-f-‰n-≥.- 60 ˛- s‚- \n-d-hn¬- A-`n-am-\-tØm-sS- X-e- D-b¿-Øn- \n¬-°p∂- ]n.-F-kv.-kn-°v- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-fm-b- e-£°-W-°n-\v- bp-hm-°-tfm-Sv- kw-h-Zn-°p-hm-\p-f-f- D-]-I-c-W-am-bn- _p-f-f-‰n-\n-s\- Im-Wmw.- Im-em-Im-e-ß-fn¬- ]n.-F-kv.-kn- \-S-∏m-°p-∂ ]-cn-jv-°m-c-ßƒ,- Xo-cp-am-\-ßƒ- F-∂n-h- Im-e-Xm-a-kw-Iq-Sm-sX- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-sf-A-dn-bn-°p-I- F-∂-Xm-Wv- _p-f-f-‰n-\n-s‚- D-t±y-iw.- ]-e-t∏m-gpw- A-Pvv-R-X-aq-ew- H-cp- k¿-°m¿- tPm-en-X-s∂- \-jv-S-s∏-Sp-∂- k-¶-S-I-c-am-b- A-h-ÿ- D-≠m-Im-dp-≠v.- I-Ωn-j-\pw- C-hn-Sp-sØ- D-tZym-K-ÿ-cpw- \n- -lm-b-cm-bn-t]m-Im-dp-≠v- ]-e-t∏m-gpw.- ]-c-am-h-[n- bp-hm-°ƒ-°v-sXm-gn¬ e-`y-am-°p-I- F-∂- I-Ωn-j-s‚- e-£yw- km-£m-Xv-I-cn-°-W-sa-¶n¬ H-‰-Ø-h-W- c-Pn-kv-tS-j-≥ ap-X¬ dm-¶v-en-Ãv- X-øm-dm-°p-∂-Xp-h-sc-bp-f-f- k-¶o¿-Æ-am-b- ]-In-b- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- A-dn-™n-cn-°-Ww.- Iq-Sp-X¬- kp-Xm-cy-hpw- A-gn-a-Xn-c-ln-X-hp-am-bn- I-d-I-f-™-sX-c-s™-Sp-∏v- kw-hn-[m-\w- Iq-Sp-X¬ Im-cy-£-a-am-°p-∂-Xn-s‚- `m-K-am-bm-Wv,- C-S-bv-°n-sS-Nn-e ]-cn-jv-°m-c-ßƒ- A-\n-hm-cy-am-Ip-∂-Xv.- D-Zm-l-c-W-Øn-\v,- lmƒ-Sn-°-‰v- Uu-¨-tem-Uv-sN-øp-∂-Xn-\pw- H.-Sn.-hn- k¿-ń-^n-°-‰v- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ-°v- kz-bw- ]n-‚ v- Hu-´v- F-Sp-°m-≥kw-hn-[m-\w- D-≠m-°p-∂-Xp-sa-√mw- Zo¿-L-am-b- N¿-®-Iƒ-°pw- Iq-Sn-bm-tem-N-\-Iƒ-°pw- ti-jw- \-S-∏m-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- Cu- ]p-Xn-b- co-Xn-Iƒ- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ- a-\- n-em-t°-≠-Xv- I-Ωo-j-t‚-bpw-Iq-Sn- B-h-iy-am-Wv.- _p-f-f-‰n\n--s‚- ]-k-‡n-bpw- C-Xp-X-s∂-bm-Wv.-

H-cp- h¿-jw- \o-≠p-\n¬-°p-∂- h-P-Pq-_n-en- B-tLm-j-ßƒ-°v- Cu- am-kw- 27 \v- Xp-S-°-am-Ip-∂p.- B-tLm-jw,- B-tLm-jw- am-X-am-bn- Np-cp-ßm-sX- s]m-Xp-k-aq-l-Øn-\v- ]-tXy-In-®v- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ-°vv- ]-tbm-P-\-I-c-am-b- H-´-\-h-[n- ]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ-°m-Wv- Xp-S-°w-Ip-dn-°p-∂-Xv.- Un-Pn-‰¬-h¬-°-c-W-Øn-eq-sS- A-Xn-th-Kw- dm-¶p-en-Ãp-Iƒ- ]-kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-\p-f-f- i-a-ßƒ- B-cw-`n-®p-I-gn-™p.- D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-I-fp-sS- k-lm-bw- C-Xn-\m-h-iy-am-Wv.-

k¿-°m¿- tk-h-\-ta-J-e-bn-te-bv-°p- h-cp-∂-h¿- \o-Xn-t_m-[w- D-f-f-h-cpw- \-Ωp-sS- \m-Sn-s\- A-dn-bp-∂-h-cpw- B-I-Ww.- N-cn-X-t_m-[-an-√m-Ø-h¿-°v- \m-Sn-s\- tk-hn-°p-hm-\pw- B-hn-√.- Cu- Im-gv-N-∏m-Sm-Wv- _p-f-f-‰n-≥ X-øm-dm-°p-∂-h¿-°v- D-f-f-Xv.- bp-h-X-e-ap-d-sb- sXm-gn-en-s‚-bpw- kzm-i-b-Xz-Øn-s‚-bpw,- tk-h-\-Øn-s‚-bpw- ta-J-e-I-fn-te-bv-°v- \-bn-°p-∂ _p-f-f-‰n-≥ C-\n-bpw- sa-®-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-≥ \n-ß-fp-sS- \n¿-t±-i-ßƒ- R-ßƒ- hn-e-a-Xn-°p-∂p.-In-bm-fl-I-am-b- hn-a¿-i-\w- _p-f-f-‰n-≥ Ip-‰-a-‰-co-Xn-bn¬- ]-kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-hm-≥ k-lm-bn-°pw.- R-ßƒ-°v- A-dn-bn-°m-\p-f-f-Xp- am-X-a-√,- \n-ßƒ-°p- ]-d-bm-\p-f-f-th-Zn-Iq-Sn-bm-bn- ]n.-F-kv.-kn.- _p-f-f-‰n-\n-s\- Im-Wp-sa-∂p- ]-Xo-£n-°p-∂-p.

Bibhn\nabthZnbmIWw_pff‰n≥B¿. ]m¿hXntZhnsNb¿ t]gvk¨, FUn-t‰m-dn-b¬ t_m¿Uv, ]n.-F-kv.-kn- _p-≈-‰n≥

¢m¿-°v-kvs]jy¬

]mNo\ C¥ya[y-Ime C¥ykzX¥ `mcXwB[p-\nI C¥y

C¥-y-bnse kwc-£nX ]tZ-i-ßƒC¥-y-bpsS apØp-Iƒ

General English

Dƒ-s∏sS 1000 hkv-Xp-XIƒ-

Pq_nen BtLm-j-ßƒ°vs^_p.27- \v XpS°w

2 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2017 s^_p-hcn- 15

hm¿-jn-I hcnkwJy ˛ $ 200aWn-tbm¿U-dmbn Abt°≠ hnemkw:

]ªn-Iv- dn-tej≥-kv- Hm-ô-k¿,-tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-ho-kv- IΩnj≥,-

]´w- ]m-ekv- ]n.-H., Xn-cp-h\¥]p-cw-˛695004 h-cn-°m¿- _p-≈-‰n-≥ kw-_-‘n-®v- I-sØ-gp-Xp-tºm-gpw-

t^m- - sN-øp-tºm-gpw- _p-≈-‰n-\n-s‚- te-_-en-ep-≈ k-_v-kv-ssI-_¿- \-º¿- Ir-Xy-am-bn- kq-Nn-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.-

Pn-√m- X-e- tkm¿-ń-Mn-\m-bn- h-cn-°m¿- hn-em-k-Øn¬- Pn-√-bp-sS- t]-cpw- ]n-≥tIm-Upw- Ir-Xy-am-bn- tc-J-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv.-

Im-em-h-[n- Xo-cm-dm-Ip-∂- h-cn-°m¿-°v- A-Xp- kw-_-‘-am-b- A-dn-bn-∏v- B-dp- e-°w- ap-ºv- ap-X¬- dm-∏-dn-se- hn-em-k-Øn¬- Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øp-≠v.-

h-cn-kw-Jy- Hm¨-sse\m-bpw- hn-hn-[- ]n-F-kv-kn- Hm-ô-kp-I-fn¬- t\-cn- pw- kzo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.- Un-.-Un,- sN°,v-t]m-kv-‰¬- Hm¿-U¿- kzo-Im-cy-a√.-

hcn°mcpsS i≤bv°v

]Xm[n]kanXn sNb¿- t]gv -k¨-

io-aXn.- B¿- ]m¿-hXo-tZhn-

saw-_¿,- tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-∆o-kv- IΩn--j≥

]Xm[n]kanXn Aw-Kßƒ-

tUm.- ]n-.- kp-tcjv-Ip-am¿--saw-_¿,- tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-∆o-kv- IΩn--j≥

tUm.- Pn-\p- k°dn-b DΩ≥-saw-_¿, tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-∆o-kv- IΩn--j≥

AUz.- cLp-\m-Y≥-.- Fw.- sI.-saw-_¿,- tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-∆o-kv- IΩn--j≥

FUn-‰¿

km-Pp -tPm¿-Pv-skI´dn-,- tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-∆o-kv- IΩn-j≥ -

]ªnIv dntej≥kv Hmôk¿

sI.- B¿.- a-t\m-PvIpam¿ ]n-≈

t^m¨ : 0471 2546368 OR 9446412483

k¿°ptej≥ (]n.B¿.bqWn‰v): 0471 2546270

Bÿm\ Hmôkv F≥Iz-b-dnP\-d¬ F≥Iz-b-dn 0471 2546400,0471 2546401(]h¿Ø\ kabw cmhnse 8 apX¬ sshIp-t∂cw 6 aWn-h-sc).

tImƒ sk‚¿tImƒ sk‚¿: 0471 2444428, 0471 2444438,04712555538(]h¿Ø\ kabw cmhnse 10.15 apX¬ sshIp-t∂cw 5.15 aWn-h-sc).

taJem Hm- o-kp-IƒsIm√w: 0474 2745674, F-d-Wm-Ipfw: 0484 2317435,tImgn-t°mSv: 0495 2371500

Pn√m Hm- o-kp-IƒXncp-h-\-¥-]p-cw-: 0471 2448188/ 0471 2546402,sIm√w: 0474 2743624, ]Ø-\w-Xn´: 0468- 2222665,-B-e∏pg: 0477 2264134, tIm´bw: 0481 2578278,-C-Sp°n: 04868 272359,- F-d-Wm-Ipfw: 0484 2314500,Xr»q¿: 0487 2327505, ]me-°mSv: 0491 2505398,ae-∏pdw: 0483 2734308, tImgn-t°mSv: 0495 2371971,hb-\mSv: 04936 202539, IÆq¿: 0497 2700482,Imk¿tKmU:v 04994 230102

XncpØv2016 HIvtSm-_¿ 15 e°-Øn¬ t]Pv 18- se Phm-l¿em¬ s\lvdp Ign-™m¬ Imem-h-[n-bmb A©p-

h¿jw ]q¿Øn-bm-°n-b-tijw ho≠pw A[n-Im-c-ØnseØnb t\Xmhv F∂-Xns‚ DØcw a≥tam-l≥ knMvBWv.

2017 s^_p-hcn 1 e°-Øn¬ t]Pv 23- ¬ tZhkzw dnIq´vsa‚ v t_m¿Uv sNb¿am≥ sI.-]n.-tam-l-\≥F∂v sImSp-Øn-cp-∂Xv Fw.-cm-P-tKm-]m-e≥ \mb¿ F∂v XncpØn hmbn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

sX‰p kw -hn-®-Xn¬ tJZn-°p-∂p. icn-bp-Øcw i≤-bn¬s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv kpZ¿i-\≥ (dn- .-A-Un-j-W-¬ skI -dn, ]nFkvkn) apl-ΩZv \nkm¿, iymw IrjvW.

2017 P\p-hcn 16 \v tN¿∂IΩn-j≥ tbmK Xocp-am-\-ßƒ

kmt¶-XnI hnZ-ym- -ymk hIp-∏nse (t]m-fn-sS-Iv\n-°p-Iƒ) eIvN-d¿ C≥ Ce-IvSn-°¬ B‚ v Ce-IvtSm-WnIvkv XkvXn-I-bn-te°v Npcp-°-∏- nI Xøm-dm°pw. Bbp¿thZ saUn-°¬ hnZ-ym- -ymk hIp-∏n¬ eIvN-d¿ C≥ cN\m icocw (F≥.-kn. -F.˛Fkv.-kn.) XkvXn-I-bn-te°v Hm¨sse≥]co£ \SØpw. tIm-tfPv hnZ-ym- -ymk hIp-∏n¬eIvN-d¿ C≥ ayqknIv (F≥.-kn.-F. ap…ow) XkvXn-I-bn-te°v C‚¿hyq \S-Øpw. kl-I-cW hIp-∏n¬Pq\n-b¿ tIm∏-td-‰ohv C≥kvs]-IvS¿ (ss_-˛Sm-≥^¿) XkvXn-I-bpsS \nb-a\w kw_-‘n®v _lp.sI.-F.-Sn. bpsS hn[n \S-∏n-em-°pw


tIcf kwÿm\ PeKX-K-Xm-h-Ip-∏n¬ s]bn‚¿,hnhn[ hIp-∏p-I-fn¬ ss_‚¿ tKUv 2 (sIm√wPn√), hnhn[ hIp-∏p-I-fn¬ ssUh¿ tKUv 2 (F-®v.-Un.-hn) (Be-∏p-g, tImgn-t°mSv, IÆq¿ Pn√-I-fn¬) F∂o XkvXn-IIfn¬ Npcp-°-∏- n-I ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°pw.

tImtfPv hnZ-ym-`-ymk hIp-∏n¬ eIvN-d¿ C≥kwkvIrXw (\-ym-bw) (F≥.-kn.-F.- -ap-…ow), eIvN-d¿ C≥ Xangv (sSbn-\nwKv tImtf-Pp-Iƒ), eIvN-d¿C≥ hb-en≥ (]ń-I-PmXn/]ń-I-h¿§-°m-cn¬\n∂p≈ ]tX-yI \nb-a-\w) XkvXn-I-Ifn¬C‚¿hyq \S-Øpw.

In¿ØmUvkv kt_m¿Un-t\‰v k¿∆okv dqƒkv t`Z-KXn, C≥j-z-d≥kv saUn-°¬ k¿∆o-kn¬ kvs]j-y¬ dqƒkv t`Z-KXn, tIcf t]meokv kt_m¿Un-t\‰v k¿∆okn¬ tamt´m¿ Sm≥kvt]m¿´v hnMvF∂nh kw_-‘nv®pw ]ń-I-PmXn hnI-k\hIp∏n¬ ]tam-j≥ Cfhv \¬Ip-∂Xv kw_-‘n®k¿°m¿ \n¿t±ihpw AwKo-I-cn-®p.

hnhn[ Iº\n t_m¿Up-I-fn¬ A°u-≠‚ v/Pq\n-b¿ A°u-≠‚ v/Imj-y¿ (Im-‰-Kdn \º¿ 88/2015,89/2015) XkvXn-IIfn-te°v dm¶v enÃv Xøm-dm-°pw.

kmt¶-XnI hnZ-ym-`-ymk hIp-∏n¬ eIvN-d¿ C≥sa°m-\n-°¬ F©n-\o-b-dnßn¬ (]ń--I-PmXn/]ń-I-h¿§-°m-cn¬ \n∂p≈ ]tX-yI \nb-a-\w), s]mXp-a-cm-aØv hIp-∏n¬ Akn-Ã‚ v F©n-\o-b¿/slUvUm^v‰ vkv -am¿ F∂o XkvXn -IIfn -te°vHm¨sse≥ ]co£ \SØn dm¶v enÃv Xøm-dm-°pw.

tIcf tIm˛-Hm-∏-td-‰ohv I¨k-yq-tagvkv sÛ-tdj≥ enan-‰-Un¬ skbn¬kv Akn-Ã‚ v XkvXn-I-bn-te°v km[y-Xm-]- nI ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°pw.

^b¿ B‚ v sdkvIyq k¿∆o-kkv hIp-∏n¬^b¿am≥ (sS-bn-\n) (]ń-I-h¿§-°m-cn¬ \n∂p≈]tX-yI \nb-a-\w) XkvXn-I-bn-te°v H.-Fw.-B¿.]co£ \S-Øpw.

lb¿ sk°≥Udn hnZ-ym- -ymk hIp-∏n¬ shmt°-j-W¬ So®¿ (F≥.-kn.-F. -H.-_n.-kn.) XkvXn-I-bn-

]nF-kv-kn Adn-bn-∏v-

]n.-F-kv.-kn. sXc-s™-Sp∏n¬ hne°vtIcf ]ªnIv k¿∆okv IΩo-js‚ hnhn[ sXc-s™-Sp∏v \S-]-Sn-I-fn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂v jnwe.-

F≥, apl-ΩZv Aen a≥kn¬, Bbq¿, hø-\w.-]n.-H, sIm√w F∂ DtZ-ym-Km¿∞nbv°v ]-co£ lmfn¬ No^vkq]-≠v, AUo-jW¬ No v kq]≠v F∂n-h-tcmSv tami-ambn s]cp-amdn F∂ ImcW-Øm¬ 2017 P\p-hcn06 apX¬ c≠v h¿j-tØ°v hne-t°¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bncn-°p-∂p.

te°v c≠p XhW F≥.-kn.-F. hn⁄m-]\w ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn®n´pw tbmK-y-cmb DtZ-ym-Km¿∞n-Isf e -y-a-√m-Xn-cn-°p∂ kml-N-c-y-Øn¬ amXr-en-ÃnseAh-ti-jn-°p∂ a‰v ]n∂m° hn`m-K-Ønse A¿l-cmb DtZ-ym-Km¿∞n-I-sf-s°m≠v \nI-Øpw.


]n.-F-kv.-kn. ]co£-Iƒ \S-Øp∂ a‰v `mj-I-fn¬IqSn Hm¨sse≥ ]co£ \S-Øpw. H.-Fw.-B¿. ]co-£-I-fpsS Xm¬°m-enI DØc kqNnI kw_-‘n®]cm-Xn-Iƒ Hm¨sse≥ hgnbpw kzo-I-cn-°pw.

Fw.-F¬.-F. tlmÃ-ense Aan-\n-‰okv Akn-Ã‚ v,tIcf hm´¿ AtXm-dn-‰n-bn¬ πw-_¿, hnhn[Iº\nIƒ/t_m¿Up-Iƒ F∂n-h-bn-te-°p≈F¬.-Un.-kn. (]-ń-I-PmXn/]ń-I-h¿§-°m¿°m-°vth≠nbp≈ ]tX-yI \nb-a-\w) XkvXn-IIfn-te°v km[-y-Xm-∏- nI Xøm-dm-°pw.

tIcf hm´¿ AtXm-dn-‰n-bn¬ AknÃ‚ v F©n-\o-b¿ (`n-∂-ti-jn-°mcn¬\n-∂p≈ ]tX-yI \nb-a-\w), ap\n-kn-∏¬ tIma¨ k¿∆o-kn¬ sh‰n-\dnk¿P≥, πmt‚-j≥ tIm¿∏-td-j-\n¬ Akn-kv‰‚ vamt\-P¿ 3 (F≥.-kn.-F.- -F-kv.-kn), ssUh¿ (X-kvXn-I-am‰w hgn-bp≈ \nb-a-\w) XkvXn-I-I-fn-te°v Npcp-°-∏- nI Xøm-dm-°pw.

arK-ime ImgvN-_w-•mhv hIp-∏nse Iyq-td-‰¿ 2,^nj-dokv Un∏m¿´vsa‚n¬ AZ¿ dnk¿®v Akn-Ã‚ v (kp-thm-f-Pn), saUn-°¬ hnZ-ym- -ym-k h-Ip-∏n¬ U‚¬ sslPo-\nÃv, C≥j-z-d≥kv saUn-°¬k¿∆okv Un∏m¿ vsa‚n¬ FIvkvtd sSIv\o-j-y≥tKUv 2, tlman-t-bm-∏-XnIv saUn-°¬ tImtf-Pp-I-fn¬ FIvkvtd sSIv\o-j-y≥, lm¿_¿ F©n-\o-b-dnwKv hIp-∏n¬ ko\n-b¿ sa°m-\n°v,Um^v‰vkv-am≥ tKUv 2/Hmh¿kn-b¿ tKUv 2 (C-e-IvSn -°¬), tIcf hm´¿ AtXm-dn -‰n -bn¬Um^vSvkv am≥ tKUv 2 (]- n-I-PmXn/]ń-I-h¿§-°m-cn¬ \n∂p≈ ]tX-yI \nb-a-\w), tIcf tÃ‰‰vUKvkv B‚ v ^m¿a-k-yq- n-°¬kn¬ sÃt\m-Km-^¿ tKUv 2 F∂o XkvXn-I-I-fn-te°v dm¶v enÃvXøm-dm-°pw,

C¥-y≥ knÃwkv Hm v saUn-kn≥ hIp-∏n¬ saUn-°¬ Hmô-k¿ (kn≤) XkvXn -I -bn -te°vHm¨sse≥ ]co£ \S-Øpw.

]cn-ÿnXn˛Im-em-h-ÿm hy-Xn-bm\ hIp∏n¬F≥h-tbm¨sa‚¬ Hmô-k¿ XkvXn-I-bn -tebv°v Npcp-°-∏-ń-I-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬C‚¿hyq \SØn dm¶v ]ńI Xøm-dm-°pw.

tImtfPv hnZ-ym- -ymk hIp-∏n¬ eIvN-d¿ C≥ tem(]ń-I-h¿§-°mcn¬ \n∂p≈ ]tXyI \nb-a-\w)XkvXn-I-bn-te°v C‚¿hyq \-S-Øpw.

tIcf tÃ‰v tIm -Hm-∏-td-‰ohv _m¶v enan-‰-Un¬¢m¿°v tKUv 1 (skm-ssk‰n hn`mKw F≥.-kn-F.--]- n-I--Pm-Xn, hni-z-I¿Ω, F¬.-kn./F.-sF) XkvXn-

II-fn-te°v D≈ Hgn-hp-Iƒ amXr dm¶v enÃnseP\-d¬ hn`m-K-Øn¬ \n∂pw \nIØpw.-

(tijw- t]Pv- 24˛¬-)

2017 s^_p-hcn 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 3

EXAMINATION PROGRAMME - APRIL 2017Sl Date &No. Time Name of Post, Department & Syllabus Category No.

Sl Date &No. Time Name of Post, Department & Syllabus Category No.

1 01/04/2017 CIVIL EXCISE OFFICER 307/16Saturday (NCA NOTIFICATION) PTA - OBC

01.30 PM* EXCISE DEPARTMENTto Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the

03.15 PM qualification prescribed for the post.Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala Part II : General English Part III : Mental Ability & Simple ArithmeticMaximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)(Medium of Questions-English)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 18/03/2017

2 01/04/2017 CIVIL EXCISE OFFICER 308/16Saturday (NCA NOTIFICATION) KKD - OX


03.15 PM qualification prescribed for the post.Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala Part II : General English Part III : Mental Ability & Simple Arithmetic(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)(Medium of Questions-English)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 18/03/2017

3 01/04/2017 CIVIL EXCISE OFFICER 309/16Saturday (NCA NOTIFICATION) H N - KKD


03.15 PM qualification prescribed for the post.Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala Part II : General English Part III : Mental Ability & Simple ArithmeticMaximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)(Medium of Questions-English)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 18/03/2017

4 01/04/2017 CIVIL EXCISE OFFICER(TRAINEE) 340/16Saturday Tvpm,KLM,PTA

01.30 PM* EXCISE DEPARTMENT ALP, KTM, IDKto Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the EKM,TSR, PKD

03.15 PM qualification prescribed for the post. MPM, KKD,Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance WYND, KNR, in Kerala Part II : General English Part III : Mental Ability & Simple Arithmetic KGD(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)(Medium of Questions-English)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 18/03/2017

5 01/04/2017 CIVIL EXCISE OFFICER(TRAINEE) 341/16Saturday (BY TRANSFER) KLM,PTA,ALP

01.30 PM* EXCISE DEPARTMENT KTM,IDK,MPMto Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the KKD,WYND

03.15 PM qualification prescribed for the post. KNR,KGDMain Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala Part II : General English Part III : Mental Ability & Simple Arithmetic(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)(Medium of Questions-English)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 18/03/2017

6 01/04/2017 WOMEN CIVIL EXCISE OFFICER 310/16Saturday (NCA NOTIFICATION) MUSLIM

01.30 PM* EXCISE DEPARTMENT KLM,KTMto Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the TSR,KNR


7 01/04/2017 WOMEN CIVIL EXCISE OFFICER 311/16Saturday (NCA NOTIFICATION) SC -ALP



8 01/04/2017 WOMEN CIVIL EXCISE OFFICER 312/16Saturday (NCA NOTIFICATION) VISWAKARMA

01.30 PM* EXCISE DEPARTMENT MPMto Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the


9 01/04/2017 WOMEN CIVIL EXCISE OFFICER 313/16Saturday (NCA NOTIFICATION) SIUC N

01.30 PM* EXCISE DEPARTMENT KNR,EKMto Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the


10 01/04/2017 WOMEN CIVIL EXCISE OFFICER 314/16Saturday (NCA NOTIFICATION) DHEEVARA

01.30 PM* EXCISE DEPARTMENT EKMto Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the


COMMON TEST FOR Sl.No.1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9&10 ABOVE

11 04/04/2017 ASSISTANT ENGINEER 048/16Tuesday THE KERALA AGRO INDUSTRIES CORPORATION LIMITED

10.30 AM* Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on theto qualification prescribed for the post.

12.15 PM Part I : Questions based on Degree in Mechanical/ Agricultural EngineeringMain Topics:- Basic thermodynamics, Engineering Mechanics,Strength of Materials,Theory of Machine, Fluid Mechanics and Machines, Machine designPart II : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)(Medium of Questions- English)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 22/03/2017

12 05/04/2017 ASSISTANT ENGINEER(MECHANICAL) 280/16Wednesday IRRIGATION10.30 AM* Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the

to qualification prescribed for the post.12.15 PM Main Topics:- Part I : Questions based on Degree in Mechanical

Engineering Part II : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)(Medium of Questions- English)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 23/03/2017

13 06/04/2017 ASSISTANT ENGINEER(ELECTRONICS) 506/13Thursday PUBLIC WORKS Further details10.30 AM* Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the regarding main

to qualification prescribed for the post. topics are12.15 PM Main Topics:-Part I : Questions based on Educational Qualification available on

Part II : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala the website(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)(Medium of Questions- English)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 24/03/2017

14 07/04/2017 JUNIOR DATA ENTRY OPERATOR 500/15Friday THE KERALA MINERALS & METALS LIMITED 9348

10.30 AM* Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on theto qualification prescribed for the post.

12.15 PM Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala Part II : Questions based on Technical Qualification(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)(Medium of Questions- English)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 25/03/2017

15 11/04/2017 ELECTRICIAN 287/16Tuesday ANIMAL HUSBANDRY KNR

10.30 AM* Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualificationto prescribed for the post.

12.15 PM Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in KeralaPart II : Questions based on Technical Qualification(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)(Medium of Questions- Malayalam/ Tamil/ Kannada)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 29/03/2017

16 12/04/2017 REPORTER GRADE II (MALAYALAM) 270/14Wednesday LEGISLATURE SECRETARIAT10.30 AM* DICTATION TEST

to A passage in Malayalam of 375 words will be dictated in 5 minutes (75 words per12.05 PM minute) and the candidates have to take down the passage in Shorthand, then to

write the passage in Longhand using ink within one hour.Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 30/03/2017

17 18/04/2017 TRADESMAN (TURNING) 325/14Tuesday (NCA NOTIFICATION) MUSLIM

10.30 AM* TECHNICAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT TSRto Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the

12.15 PM qualification prescribed for the post.Main Topics:- Part I : Questions based on Technical QualificationPart II : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

4 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2017 s^_p-hcn- 15



(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)(Medium of Questions- Malayalam/ Tamil/ Kannada)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 05/04/2017

18 18/04/2017 TRADESMAN (TURNING) 76/16Tuesday (NCA NOTIFICATION) MUSLIM

10.30 AM* TECHNICAL EDUCATION DEPARTMENT IDKto Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the

12.15 PM qualification prescribed for the post.Main Topics:- Part I : Questions based on Technical QualificationPart II : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)(Medium of Questions- Malayalam/ Tamil/ Kannada)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 05/04/2017

COMMON TEST FOR SL.No.17&18 ABOVE

19 19/04/2017 DRAFTSMAN(CAD)ARCHITECTURE 421/14Wednesday TECHNICAL EDUCATION Further details10.30 AM* Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification regarding main

to prescribed for the post. topics are12.15 PM Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala available on

Part II (a): Technical Mathematics (b): Basic Civil engineering the website(c): Basic Mechanical Engineering (d): Basic Electrical Engineering(e): Basic Electronics Engineering Part III : Core subject (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions- English)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 06/04/2017

20 20/04/2017 LABORATORY ASSISTANT 49/16Thursday KERALA LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT BOARD LIMITED10.30 AM* Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the

to qualification prescribed for the post.12.15 PM Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

Part II :Questions based on Diploma in MLT course (Maximum Marks : 100)(Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions- English)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 07/04/2017

21 26/04/2017 PHARMACIST GRADE II (HOMOEO) 286/16Wednesday HOMOEOPATHY Tvpm - EKM10.30 AM* Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification

to prescribed for the post.12.15 PM Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in

Kerala Part II : Questions based on Nurse cum PharmacistTraining Course (Homoeopathy) (Maximum Marks : 100)(Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) (Medium of Questions- English)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 12/04/2017

22 26/04/2017 PHARMACIST GRADE II (HOMOEO) 322/16Wednesday (NCA NOTIFICATION) SC10.30 AM* HOMOEOPATHY PTA ,MPM

to Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the12.15 PM qualification prescribed for the post.

Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs &Renaissance in Kerala Part II : Questions based on Nurse cumPharmacist Training Course (Homoeopathy)(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)(Medium of Questions- English)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 12/04/2017

23 26/04/2017 PHARMACIST (HOMOEO) 342/16Wednesday INSURANCE MEDICAL SERVICES EKM, TSR10.30 AM* Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification

to prescribed for the post.12.15 PM Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

Part II : Questions based on Nurse cum Pharmacist Training Course(Homoeopathy)(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)(Medium of Questions- English)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 12/04/2017

24 26/04/2017 PHARMACIST GRADE II (HOMOEO) 388/16Wednesday (NCA NOTIFICATION) SIUC N10.30 AM* HOMOEOPATHY IDK,EKM


Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in KeralaPart II : Questions based on Nurse cum Pharmacist Training Course (Homoeopathy)(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)(Medium of Questions- English)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 12/04/2017

25 26/04/2017 PHARMACIST GRADE II (HOMOEO) 389/16Wednesday (NCA NOTIFICATION) OX10.30 AM* HOMOEOPATHY KKD


Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in KeralaPart II : Questions based on Nurse cum Pharmacist Training Course (Homoeopathy)(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)(Medium of Questions- English)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 12/04/2017

26 26/04/2017 PHARMACIST GRADE II (HOMOEO) 390/16Wednesday (NCA NOTIFICATION) DHEEVARA10.30 AM* HOMOEOPATHY KKD

to Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the qualification12.15 PM prescribed for the post.

Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs &Renaissance in Kerala Part II : Questions based on Nurse cumPharmacist Training Course(Homoeopathy)(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)(Medium of Questions- English)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 12/04/2017

27 26/04/2017 PHARMACIST GRADE II (HOMOEO) 391/16Wednesday (NCA NOTIFICATION) LC -KLM10.30 AM* HOMOEOPATHY



28 26/04/2017 PHARMACIST GRADE II (HOMOEO) 392/16Wednesday (NCA NOTIFICATION) DHEEVARA10.30 AM* HOMOEOPATHY MPM


Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs &Renaissance in Kerala Part II : Questions based on Nurse cumPharmacist Training Course (Homoeopathy)(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)(Medium of Questions- English)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 12/04/2017

29 26/04/2017 PHARMACIST GRADE II (HOMOEO) 527/16Wednesday (NCA NOTIFICATION) LC10.30 AM* HOMOEOPATHY PTA, ALP

to Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the EKM, TSR12.15 PM qualification prescribed for the post. PKD, KKD

Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & KNRRenaissance in Kerala Part II : Questions based on Nurse cumPharmacist Training Course (Homoeopathy)(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)(Medium of Questions- English)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 12/04/2017

30 26/04/2017 PHARMACIST GRADE II (HOMOEO) 528/16Wednesday (NCA NOTIFICATION) VISWAKARMA10.30 AM* HOMOEOPATHY KTM



31 26/04/2017 PHARMACIST GRADE II (HOMOEO) 529/16

Wednesday (NCA NOTIFICATION) LC10.30 AM* HOMOEOPATHY KTM,WYND


Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs &Renaissance in Kerala Part II : Questions based on Nurse cum

Pharmacist Training Course(Homoeopathy)(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)(Medium of Questions- English)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 12/04/2017

32 26/04/2017 PHARMACIST GRADE II (HOMOEO) 530/16Wednesday (NCA NOTIFICATION) OX10.30 AM* HOMOEOPATHY MPM, KNR


Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs &Renaissance in Kerala Part II : Questions based on Nurse cumPharmacist Training Course(Homoeopathy)(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)

(Medium of Questions- English)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 12/04/2017

33 26/04/2017 PHARMACIST GRADE II (HOMOEO) 531/16Wednesday (NCA NOTIFICATION) DHEEVARA10.30 AM* HOMOEOPATHY KNR

to Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the

12.15 PM qualification prescribed for the post.Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in KeralaPart II : Questions based on Nurse cum Pharmacist Training Course(Homoeopathy)(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)(Medium of Questions- English)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 12/04/2017

COMMON TEST FOR Sl.No.21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32 & 33 ABOVE

2017 s^_p-hcn 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 5


1 03/04/2017 ENVIRONMENTAL OFFICER 98/14Monday ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE Further details

10.00 AM* Syllabus : An Objective Type Test based on thequalification regarding mainto prescribed for the post. topics are

12.15 PM Main Topics:- Part I : Questions based on Educational Qualification available onPart II : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala the website(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 Hour 15 Minutes)( Medium of Questions: English)ONLINE EXAMINATIONCandidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 25/03/2017

2 10/04/2017 SUPERINTENDENT (FINANCE) 367/15Monday KERALA AGRO MACHINERY CORPORATION LIMITED Further detailsBatch - I Syllabus: An Objective Type Test based on the qualification regarding main

10.00 AM* prescribed for the post. topics areto Main Topics:- Part I: General Knowledge, Current Affairs & available on

12.15 PM Renaissance in Kerala Part II: Questions based on Educational qualification the websiteBatch - II (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 Hour 15 Minutes)

12.00 PM* ( Medium of Questions: English)to ONLINE EXAMINATION

02.15 PM Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 01/04/2017

3 12/04/2017 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIST 009/16Wednesday ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE10.00 AM* Syllabus: An Objective Type Test based on the qualification prescribed

to for the post.12.15 PM Main Topics:- Part I : Questions based on Educational qualification

Part II : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 Hour 15 Minutes)( Medium of Questions: English)ONLINE EXAMINATIONCandidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 03/04/2017

4 17/04/2017 OVERSEER/DRAFTSMAN GRADE II 274/15Monday (ELECTRICAL) OBC

10.00 AM* (NCA NOTIFICATION)to PUBLIC WORKS/IRRIGATION

12.15 PM Syllabus: An Objective Type Test based on the qualification prescribed for the post.Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala Part II : Questions based on Educational qualification(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 Hour 15 Minutes)( Medium of Questions: English)ONLINE EXAMINATIONCandidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 07/04/2017

5 21/04/2017 JUNIOR TECHNICAL OFFICER(CIVIL) 45/14Friday (NCA NOTIFICATION) OBC

10.00 AM* KERALA FINANCIAL CORPORATIONto Syllabus: An Objective Type Test based on the qualification prescribed for the post.

12.15 PM Main Topics:- Part I: General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissancein Kerala Part II: Questions based on Degree in Civil Engineering

ONLINE EXAMINATION PROGRAMME - APRIL 2017


* Examination Time includes one hour as preparation time for the verification of Admission Tickets and original ID of the candidates appearing for the examination.

(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 Hour 15 Minutes)( Medium of Questions: English)ONLINE EXAMINATIONCandidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 12/04/2017

6 22/04/2017 INVESTIGATOR 193/16Saturday (ANTHROPOLOGY)/(SOCIOLOGY)Batch-I KERALA INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH,TRAINING AND

10.00 AM* DEVELOPMENT STUDIES OF SCHEDULED CASTES ANDto SCHEDULED TRIBES(KIRTADS)

12.15 PM Syllabus: An Objective Type Test based on the qualification prescribed for the post.Batch-II Main Topics:- Part I : Questions based on Masters Degree in Anthropology

12.00 PM* Part II: Questions based on Masters Degree in Sociologyto Part III: General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

02.15 PM (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 Hour 15 Minutes)( Medium of Questions: English)ONLINE EXAMINATIONCandidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 12/04/2017

7 24/04/2017 DENTAL HYGIENIST GRADE II 194/16Monday INSURANCE MEDICAL SERVICES

10.00 AM* Syllabus: An Objective Type Test based on the qualification prescribed for the post.to Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

12.15 PM Part II(a): Prosthodontics (b): Oral pathology (c) : Paedodontics(d): Oral Medicine &Radiology (e): Periodontics (f): Oral and MaxillofacialSurgery (g): Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics (h): Orthodontics(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 Hour 15 Minutes)( Medium of Questions: English)ONLINE EXAMINATIONCandidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time Registration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 15/04/2017

8 25/04/2017 MUSIC TEACHER (U P SCHOOL) 239/15Tuesday EDUCATION DEPARTMENT KKD

10.00 AM* Syllabus: An Objective Type Test based on the qualification prescribed for the post.to Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Kerala

12.15 PM Part II: Questions based on Educational Qualification(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 Hour 15 Minutes)( Medium of Questions: English)ONLINE EXAMINATIONCandidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 15/04/2017

9 28/04/2017 MUSIC TEACHER (HIGH SCHOOL) 530/13Monday EDUCATION DEPARTMENT PKDBatch-I Syllabus: An Objective Type Test based on the qualification prescribed for the post. KKD

10.00 AM* Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance in Keralato Part II: Questions based on Educational Qualification

12.15 PM (Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 Hour 15 Minutes)Batch-II ( Medium of Questions: English)

12.00 PM* ONLINE EXAMINATIONto Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One Time

02.15 PM Registration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 19/04/2017



34 27/04/2017 ASSISTANT DIRECTOR 02/15Thursday INDUSTRIES AND COMMERCE DEPARTMENT Further details10.30 AM* Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the regarding

to qualification prescribed for the post. main topics12.15 PM Main Topics:- Part I (a) : Civil Engineering (b): Mechanical Engineering are available

(c): Electrical Engineering (d): Electronics Engineering (e): Computer on theScience&Engineering (f): Chemical Engineering (g): Agriculture websiteEngineering (h) : Management Part II : General Knowledge, CurrentAffairs & Renaissance in Kerala(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)(Medium of Questions- English)Candidates can generate and download the Admission Tickets throughtheir One Time Registration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.infrom 18/03/2017 to 07/04/2017Candidates must bear in mind that the facility to generate admissiontickets will be disabled from the midnight of 07/04/2017.Permission for attending the test will be forfeited to candidates whofail to generate their Admission Tickets on or before 07/04/2017

35 29/04/2017 STAFF NURSE GRADE II 454/16Saturday HEALTH SERVICES TVPM, KLM

10.30 AM* Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the PTA, ALPto qualification prescribed for the post. KTM, IDK

12.15 PM Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance EKM, TSRin Kerala Part II (a) : Physics (b) : Chemistry (c) : Botany (d) : Zoology PKD, MPMPart III : Core Subject KKD, WYND(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes) KNR, KGD(Medium of Questions- English)Candidates can download the Admission Tickets through their One TimeRegistration Profile in the Website www.keralapsc.gov.in from 15/04/2017

36 29/04/2017 STAFF NURSE GRADE II 470/16Saturday (SR FOR SC) KNR

10.30 AM* HEALTH SERVICESto Syllabus: An Objective Type Test (OMR Valuation) based on the

12.15 PM qualification prescribed for the post.

Main Topics:- Part I : General Knowledge, Current Affairs & Renaissance

in Kerala Part II (a) : Physics (b) : Chemistry (c) : Botany (d) : Zoology

Part III : Core Subject

(Maximum Marks : 100) (Duration: 1 hour 15 minutes)

(Medium of Questions- English)

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COMMON TEST FOR Sl.No.35,36,37 & 38 ABOVE

6 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2017 s^_p-hcn- 15

]mNo\ C¥y301.- "an-en-µ ]m≥-tlm'- cNn-®Xv-

(F) \m-Km¿-Pp-\≥-- (_n) sa\m≥-U¿--(kn) Bcy-`S≥-- (Un) Chcm-cp-a√

302.- GXp-hw-i°m-cp-sS kw-`m-h\bm-Wv "Km-\v-[m-c Ie'-?(F) kpw-Khw-iw-- (_n) C≥-tUm- Ko-°p-Im¿-(kn) IWz-hw-iw-- (Un) iIhw-iw-

303.- Bcp-sS `cWIm-eØm-Wv- sk≥-dv-tXm-akv- C¥y-bn-seØn-bXv?-(F) sa\m≥-U¿ (_n) IUv-^n-kkv-(kn) cp-ZZm-a≥- (Un) tKm-t≠m-s^¿-Wkv-

304.- iIhw-iØn-se G‰hpw- ]ikv-X\m-b `cWm-[n-Im-cn-(F) I\n-jv-I≥- (_n) sa\m≥-U¿--(kn) cp-ZZm-a≥-- (Un) ]m-s°m-dkv-

305.- "NcIkw-ln-X'- F∂ Ir-Xn- F¥p-am-bn- _\v-[s∏ń-cn-°p-∂p-(F) hym-IcWw- (_n) cm-jv-SX¥w-(kn) sshZyw- (Un) tPym-Xnim-kv-Xw-

306.- thZmw-Kßfp-sS FÆw-(F) 4 (_n) 6(kn) 12- (Un) 18

307.- Bcy≥-am¿- C¥y-bn-em-Zy-am-bn- Ip-Sntbdn-b kv-Yew-(F) Im-iv-ao¿-- (_n) ]©m-_v-(kn) hw-KtZiw-- (Un) aK[

308.- C¥y-bn-se BZy- Xp-dap-Jw- F∂p- Icp-Xs∏Sp-∂,-kn-\v-[p- \m-Kcn-IXbp-sS `m-Kam-b kv-Yew-(F) lm-c∏ (_n) cw-Kv-]q¿-(kn) tem-Ø¬- (Un) tdm-Uv-Pn-

309.- kn-\v-[p- kw-kv-Im-c Im-eL´w-(F) 5000˛2500 _n-kn-- (_n) 7500˛5000 _n-kn-(kn) 2500˛1000 _n-kn- (Un) 3000˛1500 _n-kn-

310. sam-l≥-PZm-tcm-bpw- lm-c∏bp-am-bn- _\v-[s∏´p- \n¬-°p-∂ \Zo-XSw-(F) Kw-Km-kaXew- (_n) bap-\m- kaXew-(kn) kn-\v-[p-XSw-- (Un) _lv-a]p-Xm- kaXew-

311. "BKlam-Wv- k¿-h Zpx-Jßƒ-°pw- tlXp'- F∂mcp-]d™p?-(F) alm-Xv-am-Km-\v-[n-- (_n) io-\m-cm-bWKp-cp-(kn) io-_p-≤≥- (Un) alm-ho-c≥

312. Xm-sg∏dbp-∂hbn¬- icn-bm-b tPm-Sn- A√m-ØXv-sXcs™Sp-°p-I(F) Im-fn-Zm-k≥- ˛ taLktµiw-(_n) hn-jv-Wp-i¿-a≥- ˛ ]©X¥w-(kn) IYm-kcn-Xv-km-Kcw-˛tkm-atZh≥(Un) ar-Nv-OISn-Iw-˛ `h`q-Xn-

313. alm-ho-c≥- "ssP\'- aX [¿-tam-]tZiw- \SØm≥-D]tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂ `m-j(F) kw-kv-Ir-Xw-- (_n) ln-µn-(kn) ]m-Ir-Xw- (Un) Zm-hn-U `m-j

314.- a≤y- Gjy-bn¬-\n-∂pw- Bcy≥-am¿- C¥y-bn¬- h∂Xv-(F) 800 _n-kn- (_n) 6500 _n-kn-(kn) 2000 _n-kn- (Un) 3500 _n-kn-

315.- ln-µv- (C¥y)- cm-Py-sØ P\ßsf "ln-µp'- F∂v- BZy-am-bn- hn-tijn-∏n-®Xv-(F) Ko-°p-Im¿-- (_n) tdm-a°m¿-(kn) ssN\°m¿-- (Un) Ad_n-Iƒ-

316. Xm-sg X∂n-cn-°p-∂ ]m-No-\en-]n-Ifn¬- Ct∏m-gpw-C¥y-bn¬- \n-ehn-en-cn-°p-∂ en-]n-(F) tZh\m-Kcn- (_n) _m-lv-an-(kn) Kp-]v-Xen-]n-- (Un) kn-≤am-Xn-I

317. ]√hcm-Pm-°≥-am-cp-sS cWIm-esØ hm-kv-Xp-in¬-

]Iebp-sS ][m-\tIµw-(F) alm-_en-]p-cw- (_n) AP¥(kn) Ft√m-d- (Un) im-hf_etKm-f

318. GXp- kv-YesØ Atim-Ikv-Xw-`Øn¬-\n-∂m-Wv-\Ωp-sS tZio-b Nn-lv-\w- FSp-Øn-´p-≈Xv-(F) km-c\m-Yv-- (_n) km-©n-(kn) ]bm-K- (Un) ]m-Seo-]p-Xw-

319. Bcy- ´≥- P\n-®Xv- 476 FUn-bn¬- tIcfØn-se B¿-aIw- F∂ kv-YeØm-bn-cp-∂p.- Cu- kv-YeØn-s≥-dCt∏m-gsØ t]sc¥m-Wv?-(F) Xr-»q¿- (_n) sIm-Sp-ß√q¿-(kn) Ccn-ßm-e°p-S- (Un) ]m-e°m-Sv-

320.- C¥y-bn-seØn-b BZy-sØ bp-tdm-]y≥- BIaWIm-cn-(F) Zm-cn-bkv-- (_n) sskdkv-(kn) AeIv-km-≠¿-- (Un) ^n-en-∏v-

321.- lXn-Ipw-` in-em-teJØn¬-\n-∂v- GXp- cm-Pm-hn-s‚-]cm-Iaßsf°pdn-®m-Wv- Adn-hv- e`n-°p-∂Xv?-(F) Jm-cthe≥-- (kn) Atim-I≥--(Un) kap-ZKp-]v-X≥- (Un) cp-ZZm-a≥-

322.- Xm-sg∏dbp-∂hcn¬- Bscbm-Wv- "c≠mw- AeIv-km-≠¿'- F∂v- Ncn-XIm-c≥-am¿- hn-tijn-∏n-°m-dp-≈Xv?-(F) sa\m≥-U¿-- (_n) I\n-jv-I≥-(kn) ZaXn-b v- (Un) an-ln-cm-Ip-e≥-

323.- _p-≤aXØn-s≥-d GXp- hn-`m-KsØbm-Wv- I\n-jv-I≥- t]m¬-km-ln-∏n-®Xv?-(F) lo-\bm-\w- (_n) alm-bm-\w--(kn) hPm-b\w- (Un) sk≥- _p-≤aXw-

324.- NµKp-]v-X hn-Iam-Zn-Xy-s≥-d c≠mw- Xekv-Ym-\w-(F) DPv-Pbn-\n-- (_n) ]bm-Kv--(kn) cm-PKr-lw-- (Un) Cµ]kv-Yw-

325.- "tZho-NµKp-]v-Xw',- "ap-Zm-cm-£kw'- F∂n-hbp-sS I¿-Øm-hv-(F) Im-fn-Zm-k≥- (_n) `h`qXn--(kn) hn-im-JZØ≥- (Un) _m-W`´≥

326.- _p-≤s≥-d BZy- aX]`m-jWw- GXp- t]cn¬- Adn-bs∏Sp-∂p-(F) alm-`n-\n-jv-IaWw-- (_n) [¿-aNI]h¿-Ø\w-(kn) alm-]cn-\n¿-hm-Ww- (Un) Ajv-Smw-Kam¿-Kw-

327.- _n-kn- Bdmw- iXIØn¬- DØtc¥y-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂ alm-P\]Zßfp-sS FÆw-(F) 16 (_n) 32-(kn) 18 (Un) 6

328.- sam-l≥-tPm-Zm-tcm-bn-se DXv-J\\ ]h¿-Ø\ßƒ-°v- t\Xr-Xzw- \¬-In-bXv-(F) t\m¿-a≥- _u¨ (_n) Un- B¿- km-lv-\n--(kn) B¿- Un- _m-\¿-Pn-- (Un) Fkv- B¿- dm-hp-

329.-FXm-asØ _p-≤aXktΩf\Øn-\p-tijam-Wv- _p-≤aXw- lo-\bm-\w,- alm-bm-\w- F∂o- c≠p- hn-`m-Kßfm-bn- ]n-cn-™Xv?-(F) H∂m-asØ (_n) c≠m-asØ(kn) aq-∂m-asØ (Un) \m-em-asØ

330.- ]ikv-X Ncn-XIm-c≥- hn≥-k≥-dv - F kv-an-Øv-"C¥y≥- s\t∏m-fn-b≥'- F∂v- Bscbm-Wv- hn-tijn-∏n-®Xv?-(F) hn-Iam-Zn-Xy≥- (_n) kap-ZKp-]v-X≥-(kn) Atim-I≥- (Un) an-ln-cIp-e≥-

331.- NµKp-]v-X au-cy-s\ ssP\aXØn-te°v- aX]cn-h¿-Ø\w- \SØn-bXv-(F) `Z_m-lp- (_n) alm-ho-c≥-(kn) kv-Yq-e`Z≥- (Un) aJm-en-tKm-km-e

332.- salv-tdm-fn- kv-Xq-]Øn¬- GXp- Kp-]v-Xcm-Pm-hn-s\°p-dn-®m-Wv- hn-hcn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv-(F) Ip-am-cKp-]v-X≥- (_n) NµKp-]v-X≥ H∂m-a≥--(kn) kap-Z-Kp-]v-X≥- (Un) NµKp-]v-X≥- c≠m-a≥-

333.- "IYm-kcn-Xv-km-Kcw'- cNn-®Xv-(F) Im-fn-Zm-k≥- (_n) _m-W`´≥-(kn) tkm-atZh≥- (Un) hn-im-JZØ≥

334.- ]q¿-hao-amw-kbp-sS D]Pv-Rm-Xm-hv-(F) Pan-\n-- (_n) Ku-Xa≥-(kn) ]XPv-Ren-- (Un) I]n-e≥--

335.- kw-LIm-e tNm-f≥-am-cp-sS Nn-lv-\w-(F) hn-√v- (_n) a¬-kyw-(kn) ISp-h (Un) tXm-Wn-

336.-Bcp -sS hn -hn -[ P∑ßsf°p -dn -®m -Wv - Pm -

XIIYIfn¬- ]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv?-(F) alm-ho-c≥- (_n) io-_p-≤≥-(kn) io-Ir-jv-W≥-- (Un) CsXm-∂p-a√

337.- Nm-WIy≥- GXv- k¿-hIem-im-ebn-se A[ym-]I\m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂m-Wv- ]dbs∏Sp-∂Xv?-(F) \fµ (_n) X£in-e(kn) hn-Iain-e- (Un) Chsbm-∂p-a√

338.- Bcy≥-am¿- DSseSp-ØXv- B¿-Sn-Iv- ]tZiØm-sW∂hm-ZKXn- ap-t∂m-´v-sh®Xv-(F) am-Iv-kv-ap-≈¿- (_n) am-Iv-sUm-W¬-(kn) Zbm-\µv- kckz-Xn- (Un) _m-eKw-Km-[c Xn-eI≥-

339.- EtKz-ZØn-\v- FX aWv-Ueßfm-Wp-≈Xv-(F) 12 (_n) 8-(kn) 10- (Un) 18

340.- thZmw-Kßfn¬- G‰hpw- ][m-\s∏´Xm-bn- Icp-Xs∏Sp∂Xv-(F) tPym-Xn-jw- (_n) hym-IcWw-(kn) \n-cp-Iv-Xw- (Un) I¬-]w-

341.- Xm-sg∏dbp-∂hbn¬- GXp- cm-Phw-iØn-s≥-dXekv-Ym\am-bn-cp-∂p- h©n?-(F) tNc≥-am¿-- (_n) tNm-f≥-am¿-(kn) ]m-Wv-Uy≥-am¿-- (Un) ]√h¿-

342.- sslUm-kv-]kv- bp-≤w- GXp-h¿-jam-bn-cp-∂p-(F) _n- kn- 326 (_n) _n- kn- 261(kn) _n- kn- 58 (Un) F Un- 78

343.- ]n-Xr-lXy-bn-eq-sS knw-lm-k\w- ssIbS°n-b,- C¥ym-Ncn-XØn-se BZy- `cWm-[n-Im-cn-(F) _n-µp-km-c≥-- (_n) kap-ZKp-]v-X≥-(kn) alm-]Xv-a\µ≥- (Un) APm-XiXp-

344.Xm-sg∏dbp-∂hbn¬- GXp- acsØbm-Wv- kn-\v-[p-\Zo-XS \n-hm-kn-Iƒ- Bcm-[n-®n-cp-∂Xv-(F) B¬- (_n) tZhZm-cp-(kn) am-hv- (Un) sXßv-

345.Bbp¿-thZw- GXv- thZØn-s≥-d D]thZam-Wv-(F) EtKz-Zw-- (_n) bPp¿-thZw--(kn) km-athZw- (Un) AY¿-hthZw-

346. alm-`m-cXØn-se ]¿-hßfp-sS FÆw-(F) 108 (_n) 18(kn) 10- (Un) 24

347.- Im-fn-Zm-ks≥-d am-kv-‰¿-]o-kv- Bbn- IW°m-°s∏Sp-∂Xv-(F) EXp-kw-lm-cw-- (_n) hn-Itam¿-hio-bw-(kn) A`n-Pv-Rm-\im-Ip-¥fw--(Un) am-fhn-Im-Kv-\n-an-Xw-

348.-kw-Jym-Z¿-i\Øn-s≥-d D]Pv-Rm-Xm-hv-(F) I]n-e≥- (_n) ]XPv-Ren--(kn) Pan-\n- (Un) Ku-Xa≥

349.- C¥y-bn-se BZy-sØ sshbm-IcW≥-(F) hm-ev-ao-In- (_n) a\p-(kn) ]m-Wn-\n- (Un) hym-k≥

350.- Xm-t\iz-cØp-\n-∂pw- I\uPn-te°v- Xekv-Ym-\w- am-‰n-b `cWm-[n-Im-cn-(F) I\n-jv-I≥- (_n) hn-Iam-Zn-Xy-≥-(kn) Atim-I≥- (Un) l¿-j≥---

351.- Bcy≥-am-cp-sS BZy-Im-e kw-kv-Im-csØ°p-dn-®v- kq-N\ e`n-°p-∂Xv-(F) sam-l≥-PZm-tcm-bn¬-\n-∂v-(_n) in-em-en-Jn-Xßfn¬-\n-∂v-(kn) thZßfn¬-\n-∂v--(Un) ]p-cm-Wßfn¬-\n-∂v-

352.-^m-ln-bm≥- C¥y-bn-seØn-b Im-eL´w- ......- BWv-(F) _n-kn- 3˛mw- \q-‰m-≠v-(_n) FUn- 5˛mw- \q-‰m-≠v-(kn) _n-kn- 4˛mw- \q-‰m-≠v--(Un) FUn- 4˛mw- \q-‰m-≠v-

353._m-W`´≥- GXp- alm-cm-Pm-hn-s≥-d Bkv-Ym-\ Ihn-bm-bn-cp-∂p?-(F) NµKp-]v-X≥-- (_n) l¿-jh¿-≤\≥-(kn) kap-ZKp-]v-X≥- (Un) \cknw-lh¿-a≥-

354.]√h≥-am-cp-sS Xekv-Ym-\w-(F) Im-©o-]p-cw-- (_n) X©m-hq¿-(kn) alm-_en-]p-cw- (Un) a[p-c

355.-Xm-sg∏dbp-∂hcn¬- Bcm-Wv- ]p-cm-X\ \fµ k¿-hIem-im-ebp-am-bn- _\v-[s∏ń-cp-∂Xv-

2017 s^_p-hcn 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 7

(F) NµKp-]v-X hn-Iam-Zn-Xy≥--(_n) l¿-jh¿-≤\≥-(kn) I\n-jv-I≥- (Un) kap-ZKp-]v-X≥

356._p-≤aXØn-se BZy-sØ k\ym-kn-\n-(F) kw-Lan-X- (_n) btim-[-(kn) Ku-Xan- (Un) btim-[c

357.Atim-Is≥-d FXm-asØ in-em-teJØn-em-Wv-Ienw-Kbp-≤sØ°p-dn-®v- ]cm-a¿-iap-≈Xv-(F) H∂m-asØ- (_n) aq-∂m-asØ(kn) ]Øm-asØ- (Un) ]Xn-aq-∂m-asØ

358.-Im-¿-sebn-ep-≈ ]ikv-Xam-b ssNXy- (_p-≤aXBcm-[\m-ebw)- \n¿-an-®Xv- GXp-hw-i°m-cm-Wv-(F) Kp-]v-Xhw-iw-- (_n) ]p-jy-`q-Xn--(kn) iXhm-l\hw-iw-- (Un) hm-Im-SIhw-iw-

359.- sa\m-≥Usd _p-≤aXØn-te°v- ]cn-h¿-Ø\wsNbv-XXv-(F) \m-Km¿-Pp-\≥- (_n) atlµ≥-(kn) B\µ≥- (Un) Aiz-tLm-j≥

360.- GXp- hw-iØn¬-s∏´ cm-PIp-am-c\m-bn-cp-∂p- _p-≤≥?-(F) im-Iy-- (_n) au-cy-(_n) en-®m-hn- (Un) Kp-]v-X

361.- "]©kn-≤m-¥n-I',- "_r-lZv-kw-ln-X'- F∂n-h cNn-®Xv-(F) _lv-aKp-]v-X≥-- (_n) hcm-lan-ln-c≥-(kn) `ń- (Un) io-l¿-j≥-

362.- c≠mw- ssP\aX ktΩf\w- \S∂ kv-Yew-(F) ]m-Sen-]p-Xw- (_n) hf`n-(kn) sshim-en-- (Un) Im-iv-ao¿-

363.- Xm-sg∏dbp-∂hcn¬- Ip-jm-\hw-iØn-se `cWm-[n-Im-cn-(F) ]p-jy-an-X≥-- (_n) DKtk\≥-(kn) hnIam-Zn-Xy-≥- (Un) Im-Uv-ss^skkv- 1

364.- Xm-sg∏dbp-∂hbn¬- GXv- \Kcam-Wv- l¿-js≥-dIm-eØv- ][m-\ \Kcam-bn- am-dn-bXv?-(F) I\u-Pv- (_n) DPv-Pbn-\n--(kn) ]m-Seo-]p-Xw-- (Un) Atbm-≤y-

365.- icn-bm-b Iaw- Xn-cs™Sp-°p-I(F) _lv-aNcyw,- hm-\]kv-Yw,- k\ym-kw,- Kr-lkv-Ym-iaw-(_n) Kr-lkv-Ym-iaw,- _lv-aNcyw,- hm-\]kv-Yw,-k\ymkw-(kn) _lv-aNcyw,- Kr-lkv-Ym-iaw- hm-\]kv-Yw,-k\ymkw--(Un) _lv-aNcyw,- Kr-lkvYm-iaw,- k\ym-kw,- hm-\]kvYw-

366.- DPv-Pbn-\n- Xekv-Ym-\am-°n-b Kp-]v-Xcm-Pm-hv-(F) io-Kp-]v-X≥-- (_n) NµKp-]v-X≥- c≠m-a≥-(kn) kv-IµKp-]v-X≥- (Un) Ip-am-cKp-]v-X≥

367.Iu-Sey≥,- Nm-WIy≥- F∂o- t]cp-Ifn-epw- Adn-bs∏´Xv-(F) hn-jv-Wp-i¿-a (_n) hn-jv-Wp-Kp-]v-X≥-(kn) _lv-aKp-]v-X≥- (Un) NµKp-]v-X≥--

368.-GXp- thZØn-s≥-d D]thZam-Wv- K\v-[¿-hthZw?-(F) EtKz-Zw-- (_n) bPp¿-thZw--(kn) km-athZw-- (Un) AY¿-hthZw-

369._p-≤≥- P\n-® h¿-jw-(F) _n-kn- 563 (_n) _n-kn- 483(kn) _n-kn- 383- (Un) _n-kn- 261

370.-Pm-XIw- Xøm-dm-°p-∂ hn-Zy- C¥y-°m¿- Bcn¬-\n-∂p-am-Wv- ]Tn-®Xv-(F) Ko-°p-Im¿-- (_n) ]m¿-Yn-b≥-kv-

(kn) Ad_n-Iƒ- (Un) iI≥-am¿-371. kw-LIm-esØ cm-Phw-ißfn¬- GXn-s\°p-dn-®m-

Wv- saKkv-X\o-kv- BZyw- ]cm-a¿-in-®Xv-(F) ]m-Wv-Uy- (_n) tNm-f-(kn) tNc- (Un) aucy

372. kn-\v-[p- kw-kv-Im-cØn-s≥-d ]g°w- GItZiw- FXh¿-jam-Wv?-(F) 2500- (_n) 4500-(kn) 2000- (Un) 7000

373.-GXv- Ir-Xn-bp-sS bYm¿-Xv-Yt]cm-Wv- "Pbkwln-X'?-(F) cm-am-bWw- (_n) ]©X¥w--(kn) alm-`m-cXw-- (Un) A¿-Xv-Yim-kv-Xw-

374.-]m-Wv-Uy-Xekv-Ym-\am-b a[p-c GXp- \Zn-bp-sS Xo-cØm-Wv-(F) Im-thcn- (_n) Ir-jv-W-(kn) tKm-Zm-hcn-- (Un) sshK

375.-GXp- kw-kv-Ym-\sØ ¢m-kn-°¬- \r-Øcq-]am-Wv-`cX\m-Syw-

(F) Xan-gv-\m-Sv-- (_n) tIcfw--(kn) Hdo-k (Un) (I¿-Wm-SIw-

376.-\m-Sy-im-kv-Xw- cNn-®Xv-(F) `cXap-\n-- (_n) hym-k≥-(kn) Im-fnZm-k≥- (Un) Nm-WIy-≥--

377.- "\m-ev- Bcy-kXy-ßƒ'- GXp-am-bn- _\v-[s∏ń-cn-°p-∂p-(F) _p-≤aXw- (_n) ssP\aXw-(kn) ln-µp-aXw- (Un) kn-°p-aXw-

378.-]m-Wn-\n- GXp- \n-ebn-em-Wv- ]ikv-X\m-bn-cp-∂Xv-(F) Bkv-Ym-\Ihn-(_n) kw-kv-Ir-X sshbm-IcW≥-(kn) kw-kv-Ir-X \m-SIIr-Øv-(Un) `n-jKz-c≥-

379.-]q-Pyw- I≠p-]n-Sn-®Xv-(F) C¥y-°m¿-- (_n) Ad_n-Iƒ--(kn) Cu-Pn-]v-Xp-Im¿-- (Un) Ko-°p-Im¿-

380.- EtKz-Z Im-esØ aXØn-s≥-d Bcm-[\bp-sS ]tXy-IXbm-bn-cp-∂Xv-(F) ]Ir-Xn-- (_n) ]ip-]Xn-(kn) am-Xr-tZhX- (Un) Xn-aq-¿-Øn-

381.- -sam-l≥-PZm-tcm- kv-Yn-Xn- sNøp-∂Xv-(F) em¿-Jm-\ Pn-√ (_n) Pbv-k¬-k¿- Pn-√(kn) tam-≠v-tKm-adn- Pn-√ (Un) _n-°m-\n¿- Pn-√

382.- ]bm-Kv- Fhn-sSbm-Wv?-(F) a≤y-]tZiv- (_n) DØ¿-]tZiv--(kn) ]©m-_v-- (Un) _w-Kmƒ-

383. "cm-PXcw-Kn-Wn'- cNn-®Xv-(F) Im-fn-Zm-k≥- (_n) `m-k≥-(kn) I¬-lW≥-- (Un) _m-W≥-

384.- "AactIm-iw'- F∂ Ir-Xn- GXv- hn-Pv-Rm-\im-Jbp-am-bn- _\v-[s∏ń-cn-°p-∂p?-(F) KWn-Xw- (_n) hym-IcWw-(kn) sshZyw-- (Un) XXz-Nn-¥

385.- ssP\aXØn-se Xo¿-Xv-Y¶c≥-am-cp-sS FÆw-(F) 23 (_n) 18-(kn) 12 (Un) 24-

386.- kn-\v-[p-kw-kv-Im-c Im-eL´Øn-se P\ßƒ- ho-Sp-\n¿-an-°m≥- D]tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂Xv-(F) Cjv-Sn-I (_n) sNfn--(kn) XSn-- (Un) I√p-Iƒ-

387.- "_p-≤≥'- F∂ hm-°n-\¿-Xv-Yw-(F) tam-NI≥-- (_n) Io-gS°n-bbmƒ--(kn) Pv-Rm-\w- kn-≤n-®bmƒ-(Un) Ae™p-Xn-cn-bp-∂bmƒ-

388.-Kp-]v-Xcm-PkZ n-se `m-j(F) ln-µn- (_n) Xangv(kn) kw-kv-Ir-Xw- (Un) ]m-Ir-X`m-j

389.-Bcp-sS `cWIm-eØm-Wv- lyp-bm≥-km-Mv- C¥y-bn-seØn-bXv-(F) NµKp-]v-X≥- H∂m-a≥--(_n) hnIam-Zn-Xy-≥-(kn) NµKp-]v-Xau-cy-≥- (Un) l¿-jh¿-≤\≥

390.-hm-Im-SIhw-iw- kv-Ym-]n-®Xv-(F) ]r-Yzn-tk\≥-- (_n) cp-Ztk\≥-(kn) ]hctk\≥- a(Un) hn\v-[y-iIv-Xn-

391.- D]\n-jØp-Ifp-sS FÆw-(F) 4 (_n) 16(kn) 64- (Un) 108

392.- ssakq-dn-se im-hW_etKm-f F∂ kv-YeØv-ssP\k\ym-kn-bm-bn- Xs≥-d Ahkm-\Im-ew- Ign-®p-Iq-ń-b au-cy- NIh¿-Øn-(F) Atim-I≥-- (_n) _n-µp-km-c≥-(kn) NµKp-]v-Xau-cy-≥- (Un) Chcm-cp-a√

393.- "Xn-]n-SIßƒ'- GXp- aXhp-am-bn- _\v-[s∏ń-cn-°p-∂p-(F) _p-≤aXw- (_n) ssP\aXw--(kn) ln-µp-aXw-- (Un) kn-Jp-aXw-

394.-FUn- Bdmw- iXIØn¬,- ssP\aX K\v-Yßƒ-Fhn-sSsh®m-Wv- tIm-Uo-Icn-°s∏´Xv-(F) io-e¶- (_n) hf`n--(kn) ]m-Seo-]p-Xw-- (Un) Im-iv-ao¿-

395.- AeIv-km-≠¿-NIh¿-Øn- kv-Ym-]n-® AeIv-km-≠n-b \Kcw- GXv- cm-Py-Øm-Wv-(F) A^v-Km-\n-kv-Ym≥- (_n) Cdm-≥

- (kn) Cdm-Jv-- (Un) Cu-Pn-]v-Xv-396.- _u-≤K\v-Yßfn¬- "alm-`n-\n-jv-IaWw'- F∂Xv-

F¥ns\ kq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂p?-(F) _p-≤s≥-d P\\w- (_n) _p-≤s≥-d \n¿-hm-Ww-(kn) _p-≤s≥-d ]cn-Xym-Kw--(Un) _p-≤\v- t_m-t[m-Zbw- e`n-®Xv-

397.- au-cy-km-am-Py- Xekv-Ym-\w-(F) ]m-Seo-]p-Xw-- (_n) hn-Zn-i(kn) DPv-Pbn-\n-- (Un) ]p-cp-j]p-cw-

398.- Kp-]v-XIm-eØv- Po-hn-®n-cp-∂ [\z-¥cn- F¥p-am-bn-_\v-[s∏ń-cn-°p-∂p?-(F) sshZyw-- (_n) hym-IcWw-(kn) tPym-Xn-jw-- (Un) tPym-Xn-im-kv-Xw-

399.- iXklkkw-ln-X F∂dn-bs∏Sp-∂ K\v-Yw-(F) cm-am-bWw- (_n) a\p-kv-ar-Xn-(kn) alm-`m-cXw-- (Un) ]m-Wn-\o-bw-

400.- kn-\v-[p-\Zo-XS kw-kv-Im-cw- Is≠Øn-b h¿-jw-(F) 1921- (_n) 1931-(kn) 1941- (Un) 1911

DØc-ßƒ

301(a) 302(b) 303(c) 304(c) 305(c) 306(b)307(b) 308(c)

309(d) 310(c) 311(c) 312(d) 313(c) 314(c) 315(d) 316(a)

317(a) 318(a) 319(b) 320(c) 321(a) 322(c) 323(b) 324(a)

325(c) 326(b) 327(a) 328(c) 329(d) 330(b) 331(a) 332(d)

333(c) 334(a) 335(c) 336(b) 337(b) 338(d) 339(c) 340(d)

341(a) 342(a) 343(d) 344(a) 345(d) 346(b) 347(c) 348(a)

349(c) 350(d) 351(c) 352(b) 353(b) 354(a) 355(b) 356(c)

357(d) 358(c) 359(a) 360(a) 361(b) 362(b) 363(d) 364(a)

365(c) 366(b) 367(b) 368(c) 369(a) 370(a) 371(a) 372(b)

373(c) 374(d) 375(a) 376(a) 377(a) 378(b) 379(a) 380(a)

381(a) 382(b) 383(c) 384(b) 385(d) 386(a) 387(c) 388(c)

389(d) 390 (d) 391(d) 392(c) 393(a) 394(b) 395(d) 396(c)

397(a) 398(a) 99(c) 400(a)

(-tijw- t]Pv- 23¬-)-

\nb-a-ßfpw B ka-bsØ `c-Wm-[n-]≥amcpwdKp-te-‰nMv BIvSv hmd≥ tlÃnMvkv

]n‰vkv C¥y BIvSv hmd≥ tlÃnMvkv

1833-˛se Nm¿´¿ \nbaw hneyw s_‚nIv

hn[hm ]p\¿hn-hml \nbaw U¬lukn

hnIvtSm-dnb alm-dm-Wn-bpsS ]Jym-]\w Im\nMv ]`p

]pcm-X\ kvamcI kwc-£W \nbaw Igvk¨ ]`p

ant‚m˛tam¿en `c-W-]-cn-jvImcw ant‚m ]`p

due‰v BIvSv sNwkvt^m¿Uv ]`p

Kh.-Hm^v C¥y BIvSv, 1919 sNwkvt^m¿Uv ]`p

imcZ BIvSv C¿hn≥ ]`p

Kh.-Hm^v C¥y BIvSv, 1935 sh√n-MvS¨ ]`p

C¥y≥ C≥Un-s]≥U≥kv BIvSv au≠v_m-‰¨ ]`p

8 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2017 s^_p-hcn- 15

kzX¥ `mcXw201. sImfw-_n-b kvt]kv jń¬ XI¿∂v ac-W-a-S™

C¥-y≥ hwi-P-bmb _ln-cm-Im-i-bm-Xn-I:(F) _tN-µn-]m¬ (_n)I¬]\ Nuf(kn) kp\nXm hne-ywkv(Un)-C-h-cm-cp-a-√.

202. t]mPIvSv Btcm F¥p-ambn _‘-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p?(F) t]mÃ¬ kwhn-[m\w (_n) sdbn¬th(kn) Zn\-∏-X-ßƒ (Un) km£-cX

203.C¥-y-bnse BZ-ysØ `cW ]cn-jvImc IΩn-j≥\nb-an-°-s∏´ h¿jw:(F) 1963 (_n) 1964(kn) 1965 (Un) 1966

204.GXv cmP-y-amWv Nmµ-bm≥ ZuX-y-Øn¬ C¥-y-bp-ambnkl-I-cn-®-Xv?(F) ^m≥kv (_n) _n´≥(kn) djy (Un) bp.-F-kv.-F.

205.Xpº-bn¬ \n∂v BZ-ysØ tdm°‰v hnt£-]n-®-Xv:(F) 1963 \hw-_¿ (_n) 1957 HIvtSm-_¿(kn) 1975 G]n¬ (Un) 1974 sabv

206.H∂mw `c-W-]-cn-jvImc IΩn-js‚ A[-y-£-\m-bn-cp-∂-Xv:(F) Phm-l¿em¬ s\lp(_n) samdm¿Pn tZimbn(kn) em¬ _lm-Zq¿ imkvXn(Un) Kp¬k-cn-em¬ \µ

207. 2005˛¬ \nb-an-X-amb C¥-y-bnse c≠m-asØ `c-W-]-cn-jvImc IΩn-js‚ A[-y-£-\m-bn-cp-∂-Xv:(F) A¿Pp≥ knMv (_n) kmw ]ntSmU(kn) hoc∏ sambven (Un) ]W_v apJ¿Pn

208. cmjvSob am[-y-anIv in£m A`n-bm≥ Xmsg-∏-dbp-∂-h-bn¬ GXp-ambn _‘-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.?(F) ss]adn hnZ-ym-`-ymkw(_n) kmt¶-XnI hnZ-ym-`-ymkw(kn) sXmgn-e-[n-jvTnX hnZ-ym-`-ymkw(Un) sk°≥Udn hnZ-ym-`-ymkw

209.hn⁄m-\ IΩn-js‚ ]Ya sNb¿am-\m-bn-cp-∂-Xv:(F) kmw ]ntSmU (_n) \mcm-bW aq¿Øn(kn) sP.-F-kv.-h¿a (Un) cwK-\mYv ani

210. C¥y BZ-ysØ tdm°‰v hnt£-]-W-Øn\v D]-tbm-Kn® ss\Iv A∏ms® tdm°‰v e`n-®Xv GXv cmP-y-Øn¬ \n∂m-Wv?(F) ^m≥kv (_n) djy(kn) bp.-F-kv.F. (Un) _n´¨

211. XokvX, s^\n F∂o \Zn-I-fnse Pew ]¶-p-h-bv°p-∂Xv kw_-‘n®v C¥y Icm-dn¬ G¿s∏-´Xv GXvcmP-y-hp-am-bn-´m-Wv?(F) t\-∏mƒ (_n) _w•m-tZiv(kn) `q´m≥ (Un) aym≥am¿

212. Nn¬U≥kv ^nenw skmssk-‰n-bpsS BZy ]kn-U‚ v:(F) Im°m-km-tl_v Ite¬°¿(_n) ^k¬ Aen(kn) Phm-l¿em¬ s\lp(Un) lrZ-bv\mYv Ip≥kp

213. hni-zmk ]ta-b-sØ-Xp-S¿∂v A[n-Imcw \jvS-s∏´BZy C¥-y≥ ][m-\-a-¥n:(F) Cµn-cm-Km‘n (_n) samdm¿Pn tZimbn(kn) hn.-]n.-knMv (Un) Nc¨ knMv

214. kzm-X-¥-ym-\-¥cw G‰hpw HSp-hn¬ C¥-y≥ bqWn-b-t\mSv tN¿°-s∏´ \m´p-cm-P-y-ta-Xv?(F) Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿ (_n) sslZ-cm-_mZv(kn) Pp\-KVv (Un) Imivao¿

215. tZiob \yq-\-]-£ IΩn-j≥ \nb-an-°-s∏´ h¿jw:(F) 1991 (_n) 1992(kn) 1993 (Un) 1994

216. Fen-k-_Øv cmP-Ip-am-cn-bp-sS-hn-hm-l-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn 1947 \hw-_-dn¬ au≠v _m‰≥ ]`pCw•-≠n¬ t]mb-t∏mƒ BIvSnMv Kh¿W¿ P\-d¬Bbn ]h¿Øn-®-Xv.(F) tUm. cmtP-µ]-kmZv(_n)tUm.Fkv.-cm-[m-Ir-jvW≥(kn) Phm-l¿em¬ s\lp(Un) kn.-cm-P-tKm-]m-em-Nmcn

217. Atacn-°-≥ sF-Iy-\m-Sp-I-fn-te-°p-≈- kz-X-¥- C-¥-y-bpsS BZy Aw_m-k-U¿:(F) k¿°m¿ sI.Fw. ]Wn-°¿(_n) Bk^v Aen(kn) hnP-b-e£van ]WvUn‰v(Un) k¿Zm¿ sI.-Fw.-]-Wn-°¿

218. k¿Zm¿ h√-`v`mbv ]t´-ens‚ \nc-ym-W-tijw C¥-y-bpsS B-`-y-¥c a¥n-bm-b-Xv:(F) kn.-cm-PtKm-]m-em-Nmcn (_n) Pn.-_n.-]m¥v(kn) ssh.-_n.-N-hm≥ (Un) em¬_-l-Zq¿ imkvXn

219. Cµn-cm-Km-‘n-bpsS ImeØv ASn-b-¥n-cm-hÿ \S-∏n-em-°n-b-Xns\ A\pim-k\ ]¿hw (A-®-S-°-Øns‚ bpK-∏n-d-hn) F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-®-Xm-cv?(F) Pb-]-Imiv \mcm--b¨ (_n) _“m-\µ sdÕn(kn) \oew kRvPoh sdÕn (Un) hnt\m_m `msh

220.BWh ]co-£Ww \S-Ønb temIsØ FXm-asØ cmP-y-amWv C¥-y?(F) \mem-asØ (_n) A©m-asØ(kn) Bdm-asØ (Un) Ggm-asØ

221. \mj-W¬ Ko≥ ssS_-yq-W¬ \ne-hn¬ h∂ h¿jw:(F) 2010 (_n) 2011(kn) 2012 (Un) 2013

222.kz-X¥ C¥-y-bpsS ]Ya hntZi Imcy a¥n:(F) k¿Zm¿ ]t´¬ (_n) e£van F≥.-ta-t\m≥(kn) Phm-l¿ em¬ s\lp (Un) _¬tZhv knMv

223.kz-X¥ C¥-y-bnse BZy s]mXp Xnc-s™-Sp-∏n¬tIm¨Kkv ]m¿-ń-bpsS Nn”w FXm-bn-cp-∂p?(F) N¿° (_n) ssI∏Øn(kn) Ie-∏-tb-¥nb I¿j-I≥(-Un) \pIw h® Imf

224.hn[n-bp-ambn DS-ºSn F∂ Phm-l¿em¬ s\lp-hns‚ ]tbmKw FX-h-k-c-Øn-embn-cp-∂p?(F) ZWvUn- am¿®v (_n) 1947 HmKÃv 14/15(kn) Izn-‰n-¥ym kacw(Un)\n -l-I-cW ]ÿm\w

225. 1952˛¬ ]m¿e-sa‚w-K-amb ]ikvX mc-Xob tPymXnimkvX-⁄≥:(F) tlman Plmw-Ko¿ `m` (_n) taL-\mYv kml(kn) Fw.-Pn.-sI.-tat\m≥ (Un) hnIw kmcm- mbv

226.C¥y FU-yq-km‰v hnt£-]n-®-Xv:(F) 2004 sk]vXw-_¿ 20(_n) 2005 sk]vXw-_¿ 20(kn) 2004 HIvtSm-_¿ 2 (Un) 2005 HIvtSm-_¿ 2

227.C¥-y-bpsS BZ-ysØ hm¿Øm-hn-\n-ab D]-K-lw:(F) Bc-y`´ (_n) `mkvIc(kn) B∏nƒ (Un) C≥km‰v

228.Bc-y-`´ F∂ D]-Klw _ln-cm-Im-iØv FØn-°p-∂-Xn\v kmt¶-XnI klmbw \¬Inb cmP-yw:(F) ^m≥kv (_n) P∏m≥(kn) Im\U (Un) tkmhnb‰v bqWn-b≥

229.C¥y hn´p-t]mb Ah-km-\sØ bqtdm-]y≥ i‡nGXv?(F) t]m¿®p-K¬ (_n) _n´≥(kn) s\X¿e≥Uvkv (Un) ^m≥kv

230.GXv h¿j-amWv aZmkv kwÿm\Øns‚ t]cv Xan-gv\mSv F∂ t]cv am‰n-b-Xv?(F) 1973 (_n) 1969(kn) 1996 (Un) 1956

231. dq¿t°e Ão¬ πm‚ns‚ \n¿am-W-Øn¬ kl-I-cn®cmP-yw:(F) _n´≥ (_n) djy(kn) Im\U (Un) P¿a\n

232.C¥-y-bnse ]n‰vkv _¿Kv F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-Xv:(F.) ]nXw-]q¿ (_n) _mw•q¿(kn) Pwj-Uv]q¿ (Un) \yq-U¬ln

233.C¥-y-bnse sUtSm-bn‰v F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv:(F) [≥_mZv (_n) ]nXw-]q¿(kn) Pwj-Uv]q¿ (Un) apss_

234. 1956˛¬ kwÿm\ ]p\:-kw-L-S\bneqsS \ne-hn¬h∂ kwÿm\-ßfpsS FÆw:(-F) 14 (_n) 22(kn) 20 (Un) 15

235.FX tIµ `c-W-]-tZ-i-ß-fmWv 1956˛¬ ]p\:-kw-L-S-\-bn-eqsS \ne-hn¬ h∂-Xv?(F) 7 (_n) 8(kn) 6 (Un) 5

236. 1971 se Ct¥m/]mIv bp≤-k-a-bØv ]Xn-tcm[ a¥n-bm-bn-cp-∂-Xv:(F) F.-sI.-B‚Wn(_n) hn.-sI.-Ir-jvW-ta-t\m≥(kn) ic-Zv ]-hm¿ (Un) PKvPo-h≥ dmw

237.GXv h¿j-amWv cmtIjv i¿a _ln-cm-Im-iØvt]mb-Xv?(F) 1984 (_n) 1985(kn) 1986 (Un) 1987

238.]hv\m-dn¬ ]cw-[ma Biaw ÿm]n-®-Xm-cv?(F) Pb-]-Imiv \mcm-b¨(_n) tUm.-cm-tP-µ-]-kmZv(kn) hnt\m_m `msh (Un) _m_m BwsX

239.]Z-hn-bn-cns° A¥-cn® BZy tIµ-a-¥n:(F) iym-a-]-kmZv apJ¿Pn (_n) k¿Zm¿ ]t´¬(kn) hn.-]n.-ta-t\m≥ (Un) em¬ _l-Zq¿ imkvXn

240. apwss_-bn¬ ZmZ-dn\v kan-]-ap≈ ssNX-y- qan BcpsSA¥-y-hn-ia ÿe-am-Wv?(F) cmPohv Km‘n (_n) \c-knw-l-dmhp(kn) samdm¿Pn tZimbn (Un) _n.-B¿.-Aw-t_-ZvI¿

241. C¥-y-bpsS BZ-ysØ At‰m-anIv dnbm-IvS¿:(F) Bc-y-`´ (_n) Iman\n(kn) tcmlnWn (Un) A]vkc

242.GXv kwL-S-\-bv°mWv Xpº tdm°‰v hnt£-]WtIµw ka¿∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv?(F) sFI-y-cmjvS k` (_n) km¿°v(kn) bqWn-sk^v (Un) C‚¿t]mƒ

243.\m´p -cm -P-y -ß-fpsS kwtbm-P-\-Øn\v k¿Zm¿]téns‚ hew ssIbm-bn-cp∂ ae-bm-fn:(F) k¿.-kn.-i-¶-c≥\m-b≥ (_n) hn.-]n.-ta-t\m≥(kn) k¿Zm¿ sI.-Fw.-]-Wn-°¿(Un) ]\-ºn≈n tKmhn-µta-t\m≥

244. -G-Xv- cm-Py-am-Wv- A-‚m¿-ń-°- ]-cy-S-\-Øn-\m-bn- C-¥y-°v- Fw.-hn- t]m-fm¿- k¿-°nƒ- F-∂- hm-l-\w- \-¬Inb-Xv?(F) kzo-U≥ (_n) ^n≥e≥Uv(kn) t\m¿th (Un) Nnen

245.\mj-W¬ t]meokv A°m-Zan BcpsS t]cn¬ \ma-I-cWw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p?(F) em¬ _lm-Zq¿ imkvXn (_n) hn.-hn.-Kncn(kn) k¿Zm¿ ]t´¬ (Un) Phm-l¿em¬ s\lp

246.C¥y BZ-ysØ A‚m¿ń° ]c-y-S\w \S-Ønbh¿jw:(F) 1982 (_n) 1983(kn) 1984 (Un) 1985

247. `qZm\ ]ÿm\w Bcw-`n® ÿew:(F) Im°n-\U (_n) t]m®w-]≈n(kn) X©m-hq¿ (Un) hnP-b-hmU

248. 1959˛¬ GXv \K-c-Øn-emWv C¥-y-bnse BZ-ysØsSen-hn-j≥ kwt]-jWw \S-Øn-b-Xv?(F) apwss_ (_n) sIm¬°Ø(kn) \yq-U¬ln (Un) sNss∂

249.C¥-y-bnse G‰hpw henb tNcn-bmb [mcmhn GXvkwÿm-\-Øm-Wv?(F) DØ-¿]-tZiv (_n) alm-cmjvS(kn) I¿Wm-SIw (Un) _olm¿

250._p≤≥ Nncn-°p-∂p. F∂ t]cn¬ C¥y BWh]co-£Ww \S-Øn-bXv FXmw ]©-h-’c ]≤-Xn-°m-e-Øm-Wv?(F) H∂v (_n) c≠v(kn) aq∂v (Un) \mev

251. `mc-Xob P\-kwLw ÿm]n-®-Xm-cv?(F) hn.-Un.-k-h¿°¿ (_n) F.-_n.-hm-Pvt]bv(kn) iym-a-]-kmZv apJ¿Pn(Un) Zo≥Z-bm¬ D]m-[-ymb

252.Hmƒ C¥y tdUntbm BIm-i-hmWn F∂ t]cv kzo-I-cn® h¿jw:(F) 1957 (_n) 1958(kn) 1959 (Un) 1960

253.C¥-y-bnse GXv k¿h-I-em-im-e-bmWv BZ-y-ambnkz¥w tdUntbm tÃj≥ ÿm]n-®-Xv?(F) U¬ln k¿h-I-em-ime(_n) Ct·m(kn) k¿Zm¿ ]t´¬ k¿h-I-em-ime

2017 s^_p-hcn 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 9

_nńjv C¥y-bnsesshtkm-bn-am¿

1858 Im\nMv ]`p1862 F¬Pn≥ H∂m-a≥1864 k¿ tPm¨ temd≥kv1869 tatbm ]`p1872 t\m¿Øv_qIv ]`p1876 en´¨ ]`p1880 dn∏¨ ]`p1884 U^-dn≥ ]`p1888 em≥UvkvUu¨ ]`p1894 F¬Pn≥ ]`p c≠m-a≥1899 Igvk¨ ]`p1905 ant‚m ]`p1910 lm¿Un©v ]`p1916 sNwkvt^m¿Uv ]`p1921 doUnMv ]`p1926 C¿hn≥ ]`p1931 sh√n-MvS¨ ]`p1936 en≥enXvtKm ]`p1943 thh¬ ]`p1947 au≠v_m‰¨ ]`p

(Un) ]Sv\ k¿h-I-em-ime254. 1984˛¬ Hm∏-td-j≥ ªqÃm¿ ]≤-Xn°v A\p-aXn

\¬Inb C¥-y≥ ][m-\-a-¥n:(F) cmPohv Km‘n (_n) Cµn-cm- Km‘n(kn) samdm¿Pn tZimbn (Un) Nµ-ti-J¿

255.C¥-y-bn¬ ]n≥tImUv kwhn-[m\w \ne-hn¬ h∂h¿jw:(F) 1972 (_n) 1973(kn) 1974 (Un) 1975

256.]mIn-kvXm-\n¬ \n∂p≈ \pg™p Ib-‰-°msc ]pd-Øm-°m≥ 1999˛¬ Im¿Kn-en¬ \S-Ønb ssk\nI\S-]-Sn:(F) Hm∏-td-j≥ ªmIv X≠¿(_n) Hm∏-td-j≥ ImIvSkv(kn) Hm∏-td-j≥ Kwò¿ (Un) Hm∏-td-j≥ hnPbv

257. tKmhsb t]m¿®pKokv `c-W-Øn¬ \n∂v tamNn-∏n-°m≥ C¥y 1961˛¬ \S-Ønb ssk\nI \S-]-Sn:(F) Hm∏-td-j≥ t]mtfm(_n) Hm∏-td-j≥ kotdm Ah¿(kn) Hm∏-td-j≥ tSmP≥ tlmgvkv(Un) Hm∏-td-j≥ hnPbv

258.B\-I-fpsS kwc-£-Wm¿∞w t]mPIvSv Fen-^‚ vBhn-jvI-cn® h¿jw:(F) 1991-˛92 (_n) 1994(kn) 1973 (Un) 1972

259.ISp-h-I-fpsS kwc-£-Wm¿∞w t]mPIvSv ssSK¿ \S-∏m-°nb h¿jw:(F) 1971 (_n) 1974(kn) 1972 (Un) 1973

260.knwl-Øn\v ]Icw ISp-hsb C¥-y-bpsS tZiob arK-ambn AwKo-I-cn® h¿jw:(F) 1973 (_n) 1970(kn) 1971 (Un) 1972

261. BZ-ysØ C¥-y≥ ]kn-U‚ v Xnc-s™-Sp∏v \S∂h¿jw:(F) 1951 (_n) 1952(kn) 1953 (Un) 1954

262. cmPohv Km‘n h[w kw_-‘n® ]tX-yI At\-z-jW kwLsØ \bn-®-Xv:(F) Un.-B¿.-Im¿Øn-tb≥(_n) APnXv tUmh¬(kn) hnPb-Ip-am¿ (Un) tlm¿ankv Xc-I≥

263.C¥-y-bn¬ Iym-_n-\‰v a¥n-bmb BZy knJv aX-ÿ≥:(F) skbn¬ knMv (_n) hn.-]n.-knMv(kn) Nc¨ knMv (Un) _¬tZhv knMv

264.C¥-y-bn¬ kv]oUv t]mÃv Bcw`n® h¿jw:(F) 1984 (_n) 1985(kn) 1986 (Un) 1987

265. cmPohv Km‘n h-[n-°-s∏´ ÿew:

(F) \yq-U¬ln (_n) ios]-cpw-]p-Xq¿(kn) AtaTn (Un) apwss_

266.Xmsg-∏-d-bp-∂-h-bn¬ G‰hpw HSp-hn¬ C¥-y-tbmSvtN¿°-s∏-´-Xv:(F) Nµ-\-K¿ (_n) ]pXp-t®cn(kn) tKmh (Un) kn°nw

267.bqWn-th-gvkn‰n Km‚ vkv IΩn-j≥ cq]-h-XvI-cn-®-t∏mƒ tIµ hnZ-ym-`-ymk a¥n-bm-bn-cp-∂-Xv:(F) kn.-cm-P-tKm-]m-em-Nmcn (_n)lpa-bq¨ I_o¿(kn) auem\m A_pƒ Iemw BkmZv(Un) tUm. Awt_-ZvI¿

268.C¥y Xt±-io-b-ambn \n¿an® BZ-ysØ D]-K-lw:(F) C≥km‰v 1 F (_n) C≥km‰v 1 _n(kn) C≥km‰v 2 F (Un) C≥km‰v 2 _n

269. 1993˛se apwss_ Iem]w At\-z-jn® IΩn-j≥:(F) h¿a IΩn-j≥ (_n) ioIrjvW IΩn-j≥(kn) Pbn≥ IΩn-j≥ (Un) I]q¿ IΩn-j≥

270.C¥-ybv°p shfn-bn¬ BZ-y-ambn C¥-y≥ t]mtÃm-ôkv ÿm]n-®Xv Fhn-sS-bm-Wv?(F) A‚m¿ń° (_n) Fh-dÃv(kn) bp.-F-kv.-F. (Un) UotKm Km¿jy

271. Iman\n dnbm-IvS¿ ÿm]n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv Fhn-sS-bm-Wv?(F) cmhXv`´ (_n) tSmws_(kn) I¬∏m°w (Un) IqS-¶pfw

272.C¥-ybpsS anssk¬ hnt£-]-W-Ød Fhn-sS-bm-Wv?(F) Nmµn-∏q¿ Hm¨ ko (_n) s]mJvdm≥(kn) Im¿Kn¬ (Un) BhUn

273.X]m¬ Ãmºn¬ ]X-y-£-s∏´ BZy C¥-y≥ h\n-X:(F) aocm-_mbn (_n) Qm≥kn dmWn(kn) aZ¿ sXtck (Un) Cµn-cm-Km‘n

274.C¥y-bn¬ ]©m-bØv cmPv kwhn-[m\w \ne-hn¬h∂ h¿jw:(F) 1958 (_n) 1959(kn) 1960 (Un) 1961

275.AUvan-d¬ tKm¿jvtImhv F∂ I∏¬ C¥-y°vssIam-dnb cmP-yw:(F) bp.-F-kv.-F. (_n) ^m≥kv(kn) djy (Un) _n´¨

276. cq]w-sIm≠ \mƒap-X¬ aZy \ntcm-[\w \ne-hn-ep≈C¥-y≥ kwÿm\w(F) lcn-bm\ (_n) cmP-ÿm≥(kn) ]©m_v (Un) KpP-dmØv

277.C¥-y-bpsS BZ-ysØ InXn-tam-]-Klamb Bc-y-`´hnt£-]n® Xob-Xn:(F) 1975 G]n¬ 19 (_n) 1974 sabv 18(kn) 1976 G]n¬ 19 (Un) 1976 sabv 18

278. cmtIjv i¿Ω _ln-cm-Im-iØv t]mb t]S-Iw:(F) At∏mtfm 11 (_n) tkmbpkv Sn˛11(kn) sImfw-_nb (Un) Ne-©¿

279.en_¿lm≥ IΩn-j≥ F¥n-s\-°p-dn-®mWv At\-z-jn-°p-∂-Xv?(F) tIµ kwÿm\ _‘-ßƒ(_n) _m_vdn akvPnZv XI¿°¬(kn) Cµn-cm-Km‘n h[w (Un) apwss_ Iem]w

280.C¥-y-bn¬ h\ atlm-’hw Bcw`n-®-Xv?(F) _¬tZhv knMv (_n) kn.-cmPtKm]m-em-Nmcn(kn) sI.-Fw.-ap≥jn (Un) samdm¿Pn tZimbn

281. GXv cmP-y-Øn-\mWv C¥y am\p-jnI ]cn-K-W-\-bpsSt]cn¬ Xo≥ _nKm tImdn-tUm¿ hn´p-sIm-Sp-Ø-Xv?(F) _w•m-tZiv (_n) t\∏mƒ(kn) `q´m≥ (Un) aym≥am¿

282.C¥-y≥ X]m¬ Ãmºn¬ NnXw A®-Sn-°-s∏´ BZyhntZ-in:(F) t_U≥ ]h¬ (_n) sl≥dn Up\m‚ v(kn) eqbn _bv¬ (Un) F_-lmw en¶¨

283.C¥-y≥ \m-W-bØn¬ cq]w Bte-J\w sNøs∏´BZy hntZ-in:(F) tPm¿Pv hmjn-MvS¨ (_n) s\¬k¨ at≠e(kn) eqbn _bv¬ (Un) sl≥dn Uyp-\m‚ v

284. D]-t`m‡r kwc-£W \nbaw C¥-y-bn¬ \ne-hn¬h∂ h¿jw:(F) 1983 (_n) 1984(kn) 1985 (Un) 1986

285. aq∂mw [\-Im-cy IΩn-js‚ A[-y-£≥:(F) sI.-kn.-\n-tbmKn (_n) sI.-F-kv.-k-¥m\w(kn) Kp¬k-cn-em¬ \µ (Un) kpIp-am¿ sk≥

286.KpP-dm-Ønse tKm[ kw`hw \S∂ h¿jw:(F) 2001 (_n) 2002

(kn) 2003 (Un) 2004287.cmjvS-]Xn \nhmkv Fhn-sS-bm-bn-cp-∂p?

(F) \yq-U¬ln (_n) sslZ-cm-_mZv(kn) jnwe (Un) apwss_

288.cmjvS-]Xn \nebw Fhn-sS-bm-Wv?(F) \mKv]q¿ (_n) jnwe(kn) \yq-U¬ln (Un) sslZ-cm-_mZv

289.kwÿm\ ]p\:-kw-L-S\m IΩn-j-s‚ A[-y-£-\m-bn-cp-∂Xv:(F) sI.-Fw.-]-Wn-°¿ (_n) hn.-]n.-tat\m≥(kn) ^k¬ Aen (Un) ]´m`n koXm-cm-aø

290.C¥-y-bn¬ lcnX hnπ-h-Øn-eqsS G‰hpw IqSp-X¬t\ -ap-≠mb Im¿jnI hnf:(F) tKmXºv (_n) s\√v(kn) d∫¿ (Un) sXßv

291. C¥-y-bn¬ lcnX hnπ-h-Øn-eqsS G‰hpw IqSp-X¬t\ -ap-≠mb \mWy hnf:(F) Icnºv (_n) sXßv(kn) NWw (Un) Xn\

292.C¥-y≥ IpSpw-_m-kq-X-W-Øns‚ ]nXmhv F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv:(F) Un.-sI.-Im¿th (_n) B¿.-Un.-Im¿th(kn) cwK-\m-Y≥ (Un) kn.-kp-_-a-Wyw

293.kp]ow-tIm-SXn No v PÃn-kv, D]-cm-jvS-]-Xn, cmjvS-]Xn F∂o-Np-a-X-e-Iƒ \n¿h-ln® GI hy-‡n:(F) _n.-Un.-Pń (_n) Fw.-ln-Zm-b-Øp≈(kn) Inj≥ Im¥v (Un) i¶¿ Z-bm¬ i¿Ω

294.kz-X¥ C¥-y-bnse _n -Wn-te-°p≈ BZy ssl°-Ωn-j-W¿:(F) hn.-sI.-Ir-jvW-ta-t\m≥(_n) k¿Zm¿ sI.-Fw.-]-Wn-°¿(kn) sP.-F≥.-Zo-£nXv (Un) Bk^v Aen

295.C¥-y-bn¬ tImf\n `cWw ]cn-]q¿Æ-ambn Ah-km-\n® h¿jw:(F) 1958 (_n) 1959(kn) 1960 (Un) 1961

296.kz-X¥ C¥-y-bpsS BZ-ysØ ô¬Uv am¿j¬:(F) sI.-Fw.-I-cn-b∏ (_n) tdmbv Nu[cn(kn) Fkv.F®v.-.-F-^v.-sP.a-t\£(Un) F.-F-kv.-ssh-Zy

297.C¥-y-bn-em-Z-y -ambn Id-kvt]m-≠≥kv tImgvkvBcw`n® k¿∆-I-em-im-e:(F) k¿Zm¿ ]t´¬ k¿∆-I-em-ime(_n) sU¬ln k¿∆-I-em-ime(kn) sslZ-cm-_mZv k¿∆-I-em-ime(Un) ]Sv\ k¿∆-I-em-ime

298.kz-X-¥ C¥-y-bnse BZy _P‰v Ah-X-cn-∏n® [\-a-¥n:(F) tPm¨ aØmbn (_n) kn.-Un. tZivapJv(kn) B¿.-sI.-jäp-Jw-sjń(Un) samdm¿Pn tZimbn

299.GXv [\-a-¥n-bmWv kz-X¥ C¥-y-bnse BZ-ysØP\-d¬ _UvP‰v Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-Xv?(F) kn.-Un.-tZ-ivapJv (_n) B¿.-sI.-jäpJw sjń(kn) _¬tZhv knMv (Un) F≥.-hn.-Km-UvKn¬

300.kz-X-¥ C¥-y-bn¬ temIvk-`-bn-te°v \S∂ ]YaXnc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ tIm¨Kkv ]m¿ń°v FX ko‰p-I-fmWv e`n-®-Xv?(F) 364 (_n) 408(kn) 410 (Un) 273

DØc-ßƒ

201(b) 202(a) 203(d) 204(c) 205(a) 206(b) 207(c) 208(d)

209(a) 210(c) 211(b) 212(d) 213(c) 214(b) 215(b) 216(d)

217(b) 218(a) 219(d) 220(c) 221(a) 222(c) 223(d) 224(b)

225(b) 226(a) 227(c) 228(d) 229(a) 230(b) 231(d) 232(c)

233(b) 234(a) 235(c) 236(d) 237(a) 238(c) 239(b) 240(d)

241(d) 242(a) 243(b) 244(c) 245(c) 246(a) 247(b) 248(c)

249(b) 250(d) 251(c) 252(a) 253(c) 254(b) 255(a) 256(d)

257(d) 258(a) 259(d) 260(d) 261(b) 262(a) 263(d) 264(c)

265(b) 266(d) 267(c) 268(c) 269(b) 270(a) 271(c) 272(a)

273(a) 274(b) 275(c) 276(d) 277(a) 278(b) 279(b) 280(c)

281(a) 282(b) 283(c) 284(d) 285(a) 286(b) 287(c) 288(d)

289(c) 290(a) 291(a) 292(b) 293(b) 294(a) 295(d) 296(c)

297(b) 298(c) 299(a) 300(a)

10 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2017 s^_p-hcn- 15

501. tkesØ amºgw F∂-dn-b-s∏´ t\Xm-hv:(F) kn.-F≥. AÆm-Zpssc(_n) Pn.-kp-_-Wy Aø¿(kn) kn.-cm-P-tKm-]m-em-Nmcn(Un) C.-hn.-cm-a-k-zman \mbv°¿

502. `c-W-L-S\m \n¿amW k`-bn-te°v Xnc-s™-Sp∏v\S∂ h¿jw:(F) 1945 (_n) 1946(kn) 1943 (Un) 1944

503. Xmsg-∏-d-bp-∂-h-bn¬ C¥-y≥ C≥Un-s]≥U≥kvBIvSns‚ ASn-ÿm\w F∂v ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂-Xv:(F) au≠v_m-‰¨ ]≤Xn(_n) In]vkns‚ \n¿t±-i-ßƒ(kn) sska¨ IΩn-j≥ dnt∏m¿´v(Un) cmPmPn t^m¿ape

504. 1935˛se Kh. Hm^v C¥ym \nbaw hn`m--h\w sNbvXn-cp∂ sÛ-td-j-\n¬ Ah-in-jvSm[n-Im-c-ßƒ Fhn-sS-bmWv \n£n-]vX-am-bn-cp-∂-Xv?(F) sÛ-d¬ ePn-t…-®¿(_n) s]mhn≥j-y¬ sePn-t…-®¿(kn) Kh¿W¿ P\-d¬ (Un) ]hn-iym Kh¿W¿am¿

505. sska¨ IΩn-js\ \nb-an® _nńjv ][m-\-a-¥n:(F) Ãm≥en _mƒUvhn≥ (_n) ¢a‚ v B‰ven(kn) hn≥Ã¨ N¿®n¬ (Un) s\hn¬ tNw_¿sebv≥

506. Xmsg-∏-d-bp-∂-h-bn¬ GXns‚ hm¿jn-I-Øn-emWvIzn‰n¥ym ]ÿm\w Bcw`n-®-Xv?(F) Imt°mdn Sbn≥ Ih¿®(_n) Nn‰-tKmMv Bbp-[-ime ssItb-d¬(kn) `K-XvknMns‚ Xq°n-te-‰¬(Un) Pmen-b≥ hmem-_mKv Iq -s°me

507. 1942 HmK-Ãn¬ alm-flm-Km-‘nbpw tIm¨Kkv]h¿Ø-I-k-anXn AwK-ßfpw Fhn-sS-h-®mWv AdÃvsNø-s∏- -Xv?(F) \yq-sU¬ln (_n) t_mws_(kn) ]qs\ (Un) Al-Ω-Zm-_mZv

508. bqtdm-∏n¬ Cw•≠pw ^m≥kpw XΩn¬ \S∂ k]vX-h-’-c-bp-≤-Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ C¥-y-bn¬ \S∂bp≤w:(F) aq∂mw I¿Wm- nIv bp≤w(_n) \memw ssakq¿ bp≤w(kn) c≠mw Bwt•m admØm bp≤w(Un) aq∂mw Bwt•m admØm bp≤w

509. GXv tIkp-ambn _‘-s∏-´mWv cmtPµ emlncnXq°n-te-‰-s∏- -Xv?(F) Imt°mdn tIkv (_n) emtlm¿ tIkv(kn) Im¨]q¿ tIkv (Un) sU¬ln tIkv

510. Sn∏p-kp¬Øm-s\-Xnsc 1790˛¬ cq]w-sIm≠ XnI£nkJ-y-Øn¬ Cw•o-jp-Im¿°pw adm-Ø¿°pw H∏w ]¶m-fn-bm-b-Xv:(F) sslZ-cm-_mZv \nkmw(_n) Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿ cmPmhv(kn) I¿Wm-SnIv \mhm_v (Un) Xncp-ae \mbIv

511. I¬°- -bn¬ dn∏¨ tImtfPv ÿm]n-®-Xv:(F) _n]n≥ Nµ-]m¬ (_n) kn.-B¿.-Zmkv(kn) Ac-hn-µ-tLmjv (Un) kptc-µ-\mYv _m\¿Pn

512. sska¨ IΩn-j≥ cq]w sIm≠Xv Ft∏mƒ?(F) 1927 \hw-_¿ (_n) 1928 \hw-_¿(kn) 1929 \hw-_¿ (Un) 1930 \hw-_¿

513. Cw•o-jp-Im¿°v ]c-am-[n-Imcw e`n® BZ-ysØC¥y≥ - `q`m-Kw:(F) _wKmƒ (_n) aZmkv(kn) t_mws_ Zzo]v (Un) a®ven-]- Ww

514. C¥-y-bnse hnπh-Nn-¥-I-fpsS ]nXm-hmbn hmgvØ-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv?(F) hn]n≥ Nµ-]m¬ (_n) `KXv knMv(kn) Nµ-ti-J¿ BkmZv (Un) kqc-y-sk≥

515. htµ-am-Xcw F∂ DdpZp ]Xw Bcw- n-®-Xv:(F) Un.-C.-hmN (_n) emem- e-Pv]Xv dmbn(kn) Ac-hn-µ-tLmjv (Un) tKm]m-e-Ir-jvW -tKm-Je

516. ]mtZ-inI Imc-W-ßƒ sIm≠-√m-sX, bqtdm-∏nseHmkvSn-b≥ ]n¥p-S¿®m-h-Imi bp≤-Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ C¥-y-bn¬ \S∂ G‰p-ap- ¬:(F) H∂mw I¿Wm-SnIv bp≤w

(_n) c≠mw I¿Wm-SnIv bp≤w(kn) aq∂mw ssakq¿ bp≤w(Un) c≠mw Bt•m admØ bp≤w

517. ]X-]-h¿Ø-Is‚ I¿Ø-hyw \n¿∆-ln-®-Xn\v Pbn-en¬ t]mtI-≠n-h∂ BZy `mc-Xo-b≥:(F) alm-flm -Km‘n (_n) _me-Kw-Km-[c Xne-I≥(kn) ZmZm- mbv \h-tdmPn(Un) kptc-µ-\mY _m\¿Pn

518. 1782˛se km¬_mbv DS-º-Sn-bpsS e-ambn Ah-km-\n® bp≤w:(F) H∂mw I¿Wm-SnIv bp≤w(_n) H∂mw Bt•m˛a-dmØ bp≤w(kn) H∂mw ssakq¿ bp≤w (Un) H∂mw knJv bp≤w

519. Izn-‰n-¥ym ka-c-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°-cp-sX∂v lnµp-°-tfmSvBl-zm\w sNbvX lnµp alm-k` t\Xm-hv:(F) hn.-Un.kh¿°¿ (_n) sI.-_n.-sl-UvtK-h¿(kn) A∏mPn tPmjn (Un) Ch-cm-cp-a√

520. H∂mw temI alm-bp-≤-Øn¬ acW-s∏´ ssk\n-I-cpsS Hm¿a-bv°mbn \n¿Ωn® kvamc-Iw;(F) tK‰v th Hm^v C¥y (_n) C¥ym tK‰v(kn) tem´kv sSºnƒ (Un) Aa¿ Phm≥ tPymXn

521. BcpsS ip]m¿i ]Im-c-amWv I¬°- , t_mws_,aZmkv k¿h-I-em-im-e-Iƒ ÿm]n-°-s∏- -Xv?(F) sa°msf (_n) k¿ Nmƒkv hpUv(kn) hneyw l≠¿ (Un) tem¿Uv Ãm≥en

522. DWcq C¥y (thIv A]v C¥-y) F∂ ]pkvXIw cNn-®-Xv:(F) `KXv knMv (_n) ktcm-Pn\n \mbnUp(kn) B\n s_k‚ v (Un) ePv]Xv dmbn

523. sska¨ IΩn-js‚ HutZ-ym-KnI \maw:(F) C¥-y≥ Ãm‰q´dn IΩn-j≥(_n) tdmb¬ IΩn -j≥ t^m¿ C¥-y≥kv(kn) C¥-y≥ em IΩn-j≥(Un) C¥-y-≥ FU-yq-t°-j≥ IΩn-j≥

524. _nójv C¥ybpw C¥-y-bnse tÃ‰p-Ifpw XΩn¬\ne-\n¬°p∂ kmº-ØnI _‘w sØ°p-dn®v ]cn-tim-[n-°m≥ 1927˛¬ \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏´ kan-Xn:(F) sska¨ IΩn-j≥ (_n) _Sve¿ IΩn‰n(kn) l≠¿ IΩn‰n (Un) C…n-MvS¨ IΩn‰n

525. 1897˛¬- F¬-Pn-≥ ]- p- \n-b-an-®- £m-a- I-Ωn-j-s‚- A-[y-£--\m-bn-cp-∂-Xv:(F) k¿ sPbnwkv _n. eymƒ(_n) entbm-\m¿Uv tIm¿Sv\n(kn) sh¬_n ]`p (Un) kvSm®n

526. Xmsg-∏-d-bp-∂-h-bn¬ GXmWv B\n-s_-k‚ v Cw•o-jn-te°v ]cn- m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv?(F) alm- m-cXw (_n) K-h-XvKoX(kn) cmam-bWw (Un) thZ-ßƒ

527. 1858 \pw 1947 \pw at[y FX sshtkmbnam-cmWvC¥y `cn-®-Xv?(F) 15 (_n) 17(kn) 18 (Un) 20

528. 1857˛¬ Iem]w \S∂ ÿe-ß-fn¬ _nó-jp-Im¿BZyw Xncn-®p-]n-Sn-®-Xv:(F) Im¨]q¿ (_n) sU¬ln(kn) eIv\u (Un) Kzm-fn-tbm¿

529. Kth-jWw \S-Øp-∂-Xn\v Awt_-ZvIsd Ata-cn-°-bnse sImfw-_nb k¿h-I-em-im-e-bn¬ t]mIp-∂-Xn\v]n¥pW \¬In-b-Xv:(F) Imknw-_-km-dnse alm-cm-Pmhv(_n) _tdm-U-bnse sKbvIvhmZv(kn) tPm[v]q¿ alm-cm-Pmhv (Un) Imin \tciv

530. ^…p¬ lJv 1940˛¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n® ]mIn-kvXm≥ ]ta-b-Øns‚ IcSv BcmWv Xøm-dm-°n-b-Xv?(F) kn°-µ¿ lbmØv Jm≥(_n) d“Øv Aen (kn) apl-ΩZv Aen Pn∂(Un) enbm-JØv Aen Jm≥

531. 1943˛¬ ap…ow eoKv ]mIn-kvXm≥ Zn\-ambn BN-cn®Xob-Xn:(F) P\p-hcn 26 (_n) am¿®v 23(kn) Unkw-_¿ 16 (Un) Hm-KÃv 14

532. GXn-s\-Xn-sc-bp≈ ]Xn-I-cWw F∂ \ne-bn-emWvtamØn-em¬ s\lp Ncn-X-]-kn-≤-amb s\lp

dnt∏m¿´v Xøm-dm-°n-b-Xv?(F) apUn-am≥ IΩn‰n dnt∏m¿´v(_n) _Sve¿ IΩn‰n dnt∏m¿´v(kn) C…n-MvS¨ IΩn‰n dnt∏m¿´v(Un) sska¨ IΩn-j≥ dnt∏m¿´v

533. B[p-\nI C¥-y-bnse kmaq-lnI ]cn-jvIcW]ÿm-\-ß-fpsS ]`mX \£Xw F∂-dn-b-s∏- Xv?(F) tIihv Nµ-sk≥ (_n) tZth-µ-\mYv SmtKm¿(kn) cmPmdmw taml≥ tdmbv(Un) Cui-z-c-Nµ hnZ-ym-km-K¿

534. kz-tZ-in ]ÿm-\-Øns‚ KoX-am-bn-cp-∂-Xv:(F) P\-K-W-a\ (_n) kmsc Plmwsk AOm(kn) htµ-am-Xcw (Un) cLp-]Xn cmLh cmPmdmw

535. s]jhm¿, Im¨]q¿, ao-d‰v KqVm-tem-N-\-I-fp-a-mbn_‘-s∏´ kwL-S-\:(F) Ia-yq-WnÃv ]m¿ń Hm^v C¥y(_n) cmjvSob kzbw tkhIv(kn) C¥y≥ C≥Un-s]≥U≥kv eoKv(Un) A`n-\hv `mcXv skmssk‰n

536. 1857˛se Iem-]-Im-eØv h[n-°-s∏´ eIv\u-hnse_nójv dkn-U‚ v:(F) P\-d¬ hn≥Uvlmw (_n) sl≥dn temd≥kv(kn) lyqKv tdmkv (Un) tImfn≥ Imw]vs_¬

537. XpS¿®-bmb Bdp -h¿jw C¥-y≥ \mj-W¬tIm¨Kkv ]kn-U‚m-bn-cp∂ t\Xmhv:(F) ZmZm- mbv \h-tdmPn (_n) Phm-l¿em¬ s\lp(kn) auem\m A_pƒ Iemw BkZv(Un) k¿Zm¿ h√- v`mbv ]t´¬

538. F¥n-s\-Xnsc ]Xn-I-cn-°m-\m-Wv -KXv knMpw _Sp-tI-i-z¿ ZØpw tIµ \nb-a-\n¿amW k`-bn¬t_mw_v kvt^mS\w \S-Øn-b-Xv?(F) due‰v \nb-a-Øn-s\-Xnsc ]Xn-tj-[n-°m≥(_n) ]X-\n-b-a-Øn-s\-Xnsc ]Xn-tj-[n-°m≥(kn) ]ªnIv tk v‰n _n√n-s\-Xnsc ]Xn-tj-[n-°m≥(Un) emem ePv]Xv dmbn-bpsS ac-W-Øn¬ ]Xn-tj-[n-°m≥

539. GXv Xob-Xn -bn -emWv Km‘nPn \n -l-I-cW]ÿm\w Bcw`n-®-Xv?(F) 1920 HmKÃv 1 (_n) 1920 HmKÃv 15(kn) 1920 Pq¨ 9 (Un) 1920 Pqsse 9

540. C¥-y°v kzm-X-¥yw \¬Ip-∂-Xn-\p≈ XobXn 1948PqWn¬ \n∂v 1947 HmKÃn-te°v am‰n-bXv BcpsSG‰hpw hnhm-Z-]-c-amb Xocp-am-\-am-bn-cp-∂p?(F) k¿Zm¿ h√- v`mbv ]t´¬ (_n) alm-flm-Km‘n(kn) au≠v_m-‰≥ ]`p (Un) Phm-l¿em¬ s\lp

541. Ia-yq-WnÃv ]m¿- n-bpsS kwÿm-]-\-Øn\v Imc-W-amb1925˛se Im¨]q¿ ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ A[-y-£X hln-®Xv Bcm-Wv?(F) in¶m-c-thep sNń-bm¿ (_n) Fkv.-F.-Umt¶(kn) kX-y- SvI (Un) Fw.-F≥.-tdmbv

542. _ln-jvIrX mcXv F∂ ]kn-≤o-I-cWw Bcw- n-®Xv(F) tPym-Xn_ ^pse (_n) _n.-B¿. Awt_Zv-I¿(kn) PKvPo-h≥ dmw (Un) hntc-i-enwKw

543. C¥-y≥ ap…ow eoKv ]kn-≤o-I-c-n®n-cp∂ ]Xw:(F) C≥I-zn-em_v (_n) Ãm¿ Hm^v C¥y(kn) Izman Xcm\ (Un) C¥-y≥ and¿

544. cma-Ir-jvW-an-j-\p-ambn _‘-s∏ v ]h¿Øn® h\n-X:(F) B\n _k‚ v (_n) amUw Ima(kn) am¿K-c‰v t\m_nƒ (Un) amUw ªmhSvkvIn

545. BcpsS km∂n-[-y-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv C¥-y≥ tZiob]ÿm-\-Øn\v _lp-P-\-ap-t∂-‰-Øns‚ kz-`mhwssIh-∂-Xv?(F) B\n _k‚ v (_n) tKm]m-e-IrjvW tKmJse(kn) alm-flm-Km‘n (Un) _me-Kw-Km-[c Xne-I≥

546. F¥p-Ip‰w Btcm-]n-®mWv 1908˛¬ _me-Kw-Km-[c Xne-Is\ AdÃv sNbvX-Xv?(F) U•-kns‚ sIme-]m-XIw (_n) cmP-y-tZmlw(kn) Akw-ªn-bn¬ t_mwt_dv(Un) sSbn≥ Ań-adn

547. s_¿en-\n¬ ô C¥ym sk‚¿ ÿm]n-®-Xv:(F) sNºI-cm-a≥]n≈ (_n) amUw- Ima(kn) kp`mjv Nµ-t_mkv (Un) tkml≥knMv Iv\

548. alm-flm-Km-‘n-bpsS t\Xr-X-z-Im-eØv \S∂ ]t£m-

B[p-\nI C¥y

2017 s^_p-hcn 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 11

-ß-fn¬ HSp-hn-etØ-Xv:(F) \n -l-I-cW ]ÿm\w(_n) knhn¬ B⁄m-ew-L\ ]ÿm\w(kn) Izn-‰n-¥ym kacw (Un) Jnem- Øv kacw

549. `KXv knMns‚ PUw F°m-ehpw C¥-ybv°pw Cw•-≠n\panS-bn¬ Xqßn \n¬°pw F∂v ]kvXm-hn-®-Xv:(F) kp`mjv Nµ-t_mkv (_n) tamØn-em¬ s\lp(kn) alm-flm- Km‘n (Un) Phm-l¿em¬ s\lp

550. Xmsg-∏-d-bp-∂-h-bn¬ GXv ]hn-i-y-bn-emWv 1937˛se Xnc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ tIm¨K-kn\v `qcn-]£w e`n-°m-Ø-Xv?(F) _wKmƒ (_n) ]©m_v(kn) kn‘v (Un) Ch-sb√mw

551. `K-Xvkn-Mn-s\bpw c≠v kl-t]m-cm-fn-I-sfbpw Xq°n-te-‰-cp-sX∂ Km‘n-Pn-bpsS Bh-iyw \ncm-I-cn®sshtkm-bn:(F) en≥enXvtKm (_n) sh√n-MvS¨(kn) C¿hn≥ (Un) doUnMv

552. 1931˛se Idm®n ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®, auen-Im-h-Imi-ß-sfbpw kmº-ØnI \b-sØbpw kw_-‘n® Ncn-X-]-kn-≤-amb ]ta-b-Øn-s‚ IcSv Xøm-dm-°n-bXv Bcm-bn-cp-∂p?(F) k¿Zm¿ ]t´¬ (_n) alm-flm-Km‘n(kn) Phm-l¿em¬ s\lp (Un) kp`mjv Nµ-t_mkv

553. C-¥-ybv°v kzmX¥yw A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ Un°n t_¿Uv ]≤Xn Xøm-dm-°nb-Xm-cv?(F) Phml¿em¬ s\lp (_n) apl-Ω-Zen Pn∂(kn) alm-flm-Km‘n (Un) au≠v_m-‰≥ ]`p

554. 1764 HIvtSm-_¿ 22 \v C¥-ym-N-cn-X-Øn-ep≈ ]m[m-\-yw:(F) πmkn bp≤w (_n) hm≠n-hmjv bp≤w(kn) _Ivkm¿ bp≤w (Un) aq∂mw ]m\n-∏´v bp≤w

555. _n´s‚ B]-XvImew C¥-y-bpsS Ah-kcw F∂vA`n-]m-b-s∏´ t\Xm-hv:(F) Phm-l¿em¬ s\lp (_n) alm-flm-Km‘n(kn) `KXv knMv (Un) kp`mjv Nµ-t_mkv

556. _wKm-fnse Zzn- -cWw BcpsS _p≤n-bn-ep-Zn® Bi-b-am-bn-cp-∂p?(F) hmd≥ tlÃnMvkv (_n) an¿ Pm^¿(kn) tdm_¿´v ss¢hv (Un) hneyw s_‚nIv

557. πmkn bp≤-Øn¬ kndmPv DZv Zufsb ]n¥p-W®bqtdm-]-y≥ i‡n-tb-Xv?(F) tlmf≠v (_n) t]m¿®p-K¬(kn) ^m≥kv (Un) sU∑m¿°v

558. I¬°- -bnse kp]o-wtIm-S-Xn-bnse BZ-ysØ No vPÃn-km-bn-cp-∂-Xv:(F) FenPm Cw]n (_n) tdm_¿´v tNwt_gvkv(kn) hneyw tPm¨kv (Un) hmd≥ tlÃnwKvkv

559. 1937 HIvtSm-_¿ H∂n\v \ne-hn¬ h∂ sÛ-d¬tIm¿´v Hm^v C¥-y-bpsS BZysØ No^v PÃnkvBbn-cp-∂-Xv:(F) tamdnkv Kz-b¿ (_n) _qwô¬Uv(kn) F®v.-sP.-I-\nb (Un) tPm¨ sska¨

560. ]mIn-kvXms‚ c-W-L-S\m \n¿am-W-k- -bpsS A[-y-£-\m-bn-cp-∂-Xv:(F) Abq-_vJm≥ (_n) enbmJØv Aen-Jm≥(kn) apl-Ω-Zen Pn∂ (Un) CkvI-µ¿ an¿k

561. Xmsg-∏-d-bp-∂-h-bn¬ Km‘n-Pn-bp-ambn _‘-an-√mØ]t£m- -ta-Xv?(F) knhn¬ B⁄m-ew-L\ ]ÿm\w(_n) \n -l-I-cW ]ÿm\w(kn) kztZin ]ÿm\w (Un) Izn-‰n-¥ym ]ÿm\w

562. tIµ \nb-a-\n¿amW k -bn¬ Ccp-]-Øn-bmdv h¿jwAwK-ambn tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn-°pbpw tIµ \nb-a-\n¿ΩmW k -bpsS ]nXmhv F∂ A]-c-\m-a-Øn-\p-S-abm-IpIbpw sNbvX t\Xmhv:(F) tXPv _lm-Zq¿ k]p(_n) F≥.-Fw.-tPmjn(kn) Fw.-B¿. Pb-I¿ (Un) hnX¬`mbv ]t´¬

563. alm-flm -Km-‘n-bpsS \n -l-I-cW ]ÿm-\-Øn\vkam-]\w Ipdn® Xob-Xn:(F) 1922 s^_p-hcn 5 (_n) 1922 s^_p-hcn 22(kn) 1922 s^_p-hcn 12 (Un) 1922 am¿®v 10

564. Cu kmØms‚ k¿°m-cp-ambn GXv Xc-Ønepw GXvcq]-Ønepw D≈ kl-I-cWw ]m]-am-Wv. GXv Ah-k-c-Øn-emWv almflm Km‘n C]-Imcw ]d-™-Xv?(F) Izn-‰n-¥ym ]ÿm\w(_n) knhn¬ B⁄m-ew-L-\ ]ÿm\w(kn) h-y‡n kX-ym-Klw(Un) Pmen-b≥hm-em_mKv Iq -s°me

565. 1757 Pq¨ 23 \v C¥ym Ncn-XØn-ep≈ ]m[m-\-yw:(F) hm≠n-hmjv bp≤w (_n) πmkn- bp≤w(kn) _Ivk¿ bp≤w (Un) sh√q¿ Iem]w

566. I¬°´ aZ-k-bpsS ÿm]-I≥:(F) hneyw _‚nIv (_n) tIm¨hm-enkv ]`p(kn) hmd≥ tlÃnMvkv (Un) cmPmdmw taml≥ tdmbv

567. Ae-l-_mZv DS-º-Sn-bn¬ (1765) tdm-_¿ v ss¢hp-ambnH∏p-h® apKƒ NI-h¿Øn Bcv?(F) jm Bew c≠m-a≥ (_n) apl-ΩZvjm(kn) _lm-Zq¿ jm H∂m-a≥(Un) _l-mZq¿ jm c≠m-a≥

568. GXv \nb-a-]-Im-c-amWv sa°msf ]`p Xe-h-\mbnC¥-y-bnse BZ-ysØ tem IΩn-j≥ cq]-h-XvIr-X-am-b-Xv?(F) 1833˛se Nm¿´¿ \nbaw(_n) 1773˛se dKp-te-‰nMv \nbaw(kn) 1813˛se Nm¿´¿ \nbaw(Un) 1909˛se ant‚m tam¿en \nbaw

569. 1773˛¬ Ck¿Zmcn kº-Zmbw Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-Xm-cv?(F) tPm¨ tjm¿ (_n) tdm_¿ v ss¢hv(kn) hmd≥ tlÃnMvkv (Un) tIm¨hm-enkv ]`p

570. kzm-X-¥-y-k-ac ImeØv A\p-io-e≥ kanXn Fhn-sS-bmWv imJ-Iƒ Bcw`n-®-Xv?(F) _wKmƒ (_n) aZmkv(kn) t_mws_ (Un) ]©m_v

571. GXv sshtkm-bn-bpsS Ime-ØmWv sF®n-k¨ IΩn-j≥ \nb-an-°-s∏- -Xv?(F) dn∏¨ (_n) Igvk¨(kn) Im\nMv (Un) U -dn≥

572. Fs‚ \mSp-I-S-Ø-ens‚ IY (tÃmdn Hm^v ssaUot]m¿t -j≥) cNn-®-Xv:(F) _me-Kw-Km-[c Xne-I≥(_n) _lm-Zq¿ jm c≠m-a≥(kn) emem- e-Pv]Xv dmbn (Un) Ac-hn-µ-tLmjv

573. _nójv C¥-y-bnse Ah-km-\sØ sshtkm-bn-bmbau≠v_m-‰¨ ]`p A[n-Im-c-ta-s‰-SpØ Xo-b-Xn:(F) 1947 Pq¨ 3 (_n) 1947 s^_p-hcn 20(kn) 1947 am¿®v 24 (Un) 1946 Pqsse 15

574. ]c-am-[n-Im-c-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂ Ah-km-\sØ _wKmƒ\hm-_v:(F) Aen-h¿Zn Jm≥ (_n) ap¿jnZv Jpen Jm≥(kn) kndmPv DZv Zuf (Un) k¿^mkv Jm≥

575. Im\nMv ]`p-hns‚ ImeØv 1858 \hw-_¿ H∂n\vBUw-_-c-]q¿hw Z¿_m¿ \S∂ ÿew:(F) sU¬ln (_n) BK(kn) I¬°´ (Un) Ae-l-_mZv

576. alm-flm-Km‘n P\-IobhI-XvI-cn® Zcn-Z-\m-cm-b-W≥F∂ ]tbm-K-Øns‚ DZv`hw Bcn-em-Wv?(F) hnth-Im-\-µ≥ (_n) BZn-i-¶-c≥(kn) cmPmdmw taml≥ tdmbv (Un) Kpcp- \m-\mIv

577. C¥y≥ hnπ-h-Im-cn-I-fpsS ss__nƒ F∂dnb-s∏´_µn Pn_≥ F∂ ]pkvXIw cNn-®-Xv:(F) emem l¿Z-bm¬ (_n) k®n≥ k∂-ym¬(kn) `KXv knMv (Un) kqcy sk≥

578. Bc-y-k-am-P-Øns‚ ss__nƒ F∂-dn-b-s∏´ ]pkvX-Iw:(F) B\-µ-aTw (_n) Zp¿tK-i-\-µn\n(kn) kX-ym¿∞ ]Im-iw (Un) ]tY-¿]m-RvPen

579. C¥-y-bn¬ hIp∏p kº-Zmbw (t]m¿´vt^mfn-tbm)Bcw- n-®-Xv:(F) U¬lukn (_n) Im\nMv(kn) U -dn≥ (Un) Igvk¨

580. H∂mw temI alm-bp≤w s]mń-]p-d-s∏- -t∏mƒ Cw•≠vP¿a-\n-bvs°-Xnsc bp≤w ]Jym-]n® ka-bØv Cw•-≠ns‚ Bh-iyw C¥-y-bpsS Ah-k-c-amWv F∂v]kvXm-hn-®-Xv:(F) kn.-B¿.-Zmkv (_n) kp`mjv Nµ-t_mkv(kn) B\n- _-k‚ v (Un) _me-Kw-Km-[c Xne-I≥

581. GXv sshtkm-bn-bpsS Ime-ØmWv Ãm‰nÃn-°¬k¿th Hm^v C¥y ÿm]n-®-Xv:(F) Igvk¨ (_n) U -dn≥(kn) tatbm (Un) dn∏¨

582. \tcµ aWvUew (tNw-_¿ Hm^v ]n≥k-kv) DZvLm-S\w sNbvX h¿jw:(F) 1919 (_n) 1920(kn) 1921 (Un) 1922

583. 1915---˛¬ C¥-y≥ hna¨kv Atkm-kn-tb-j≥ ÿm]n-®-Xv:(F) B\n -s_-k‚ v (_n) sUmtdmØn Pn\-cm-P-Zmk(kn) kc-fm-tZhn Nu[p-dmWn (Un) amUw Ima

584. C¥y Ct∏mƒ \Ωp-tS-Xv GXv bp≤-Øn-\p-ti-j-amWv_nó-jp-Im¿ Cu ]kvXm-h\ \S-Øn-b-Xv?(F) _Ivk¿ bp≤w (_n) tdmln√ bp≤w(kn) c≠mw Bt•m˛admØ bp≤w

(Un) \memw Bwt•m -a-dmØ bp≤w585. K±¿ ]m¿ń-bpsS ÿm]I ]kn-U‚ v Bcm-bn-cp-∂p?

(F) emem l¿Z-bm¬ (_n) tkml≥knMv Ìv\(kn) B¿.-kn.- -c-Z-zmPv (Un) `mbn ]c-am-\µv

586. BcpsS ]¶m-fn-Ø-amWv knhn¬ B⁄m-ew-L-\]ÿm-\sØ it≤-b-am-°n-Øo¿Ø-Xv?(F) I¿j-I¿ (_n) hnZ-ym¿∞n-Iƒ(kn) h\n-X-Iƒ (Un) hy-h-km-bn-Iƒ

587. BcpsS Ime-L- -Øn-emWv aq∂mw Bwt•m˛_¿aokvbp≤w \S-∂-Xv?(F) Im\nMv (_n) U¬lukn(kn) U -dn≥ (Un) Igvk¨

588. C¥-y-bn-te-°p≈ hym-]mc km[-y-X-Iƒ Is≠-Øp-Ibpw ]pkvXI-Øn-eqsS AXv bqtdm-∏n¬ P\-i-≤-bn¬s∏-Sp-Ø-pIbpw sNbvX k©m-cn:(F) h¿tØa (_n) en≥tjm- ≥(kn) \yq-l-m^v (Un) hm≥doUv

589. Bcy alnfm kamPw ÿm]n-®-Xv:(F) cam-_mbn (_n) kc-fm-tZhn Nu[p-dmWn(kn) Zp¿Km- mbv tZivapJv (Un) ktcm-Pn\n \mbnUp

590. adm-Ø¿°v A¥na ]cmPbw kΩm-\n® _nójv c-Wm-[n-Im-cn:(F) U¬lukn (_n) hneyw s_‚nIv(kn) tlÃnMvkv ]`p (Un) sh√…n

591. e≠-\n¬h®v aZ≥em¬ Zn≥K sIme-s∏-Sp-ØnbIgvk¨ sshen hln-®n-cp∂ ]Zhn:(F) skI- dn Hm v tÃ‰v t^m¿ C¥-y-bpsS AssU-z-k¿(_n) skI- dn Hm^v tÃ‰v t^m¿ C¥y(kn) ap≥ ]-©m_v Kh¿W¿(Un) sshtkm-bn-bpsS \n¿hm-lI kan-Xn-bnse \nb-a-Im-cy AwKw

592. s]cnbm¿ F∂ A]-c-\m-a-Øm¬ Adn-b-s∏´ t\Xm-hv:(F) Icp-Wm-\n[n (_n) kn.-cm-P-tKm-]m-em-Nmcnkn) Pn.-F-kv.-A-ø¿ (Un) C.-hn.-cm-a-k-zman \mbv°¿

593. lm¿Un©v t_mw_v tIkn¬ h[-in-£bv°v hn[n-°-s∏- -Xv:(F) dmjv _nlmcn t_mkv (_n) a\n-µ-\mYv _m\¿Pn(kn) `mbn _m¬ apIpµv (Un) tkml≥knMv Iv\

594. ]mIn-kvXms‚ `c-W-L-S\m \n¿amW k`-bpsSBÿm\w Fhn-sS-bm-bn-cp-∂p?(F) C…m-am-_mZv (_n) emtlm¿(kn) dmh¬]n≠n (Un) Idm®n

595. 1904˛¬ aZmkv lnµp Atkm-kn-tb-j≥ ÿm]n-®-Xm-cv?(F) B\n s_k‚ v (_n) Fkv.-k-X-y-aq¿Øn(kn) sI.-Im-a-cmPv (Un) Pn.-kp-_-a-lvWy Aø¿

596. cmjvS-Kpcp F∂ A]-c-\m-a-Øn¬ Adn-b-s∏- -Xm-cv?(F) almflm Km‘n (_n) kptc-µ-\mYv _m\¿Pn(kn) ZmZm- mbv \h-tdmPn (Un) Uª-yp.-kn.-_m-\¿Pn

597. I¬°´ sslt°m-S-Xn-bpsS BZy No^v PÃn-km-bn-cp-∂Xv:(F) tamdnkv Kz-b¿ (_n) FenPm Cw]n(kn) _m¿sWkv ]otIm°v(Un) tdm_¿´v tNwt_gvkv

598. C¥-y≥ \mj-W¬ tIm¨K-kns‚ BZy ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ ]s¶-SpØ h\nXm ]Xn-\n-[n-I-fpsS FÆw:(F) 6 (_n) 72(kn) 12 (Un) h\n-X-Iƒ ]s¶-Sp-Øn√

599. aIvsUm-W¬ IΩn-j≥ \nb-an-°-s∏- Xv BcpsS Ime-Øm-Wv?(F) Im\nMv (_n) Igvk¨(kn) en´¨ (Un) U¬lukn

600. kzman i≤m-\-µns‚ bYm¿∞ t]cv:(F) almfl ap≥jndmw (_n) ap¬i-¶¿(kn) hotc-i-z¿ ZØ (Un) \tcµ \mYv

DØc-ßƒ

501(c) 502(b) 503(a) 504(c) 505(a) 506(a) 507(b) 508(a) 509(a)

510(a) 511(d) 512(a) 513(c) 514(a) 515(b) 516(a) 517(d) 518(b)

519(a) 520(b) 521(b) 522(c) 523(a) 524(b) 525(a) 526(b) 527(d)

528(b) 529(b) 530(a) 531(b) 532(d) 533(c) 534(c) 535(a) 536(b)

537(c) 538(c) 539(a) 540(c) 541(a) 542(b) 543(b) 544(c) 545(c)

546(b) 547(c) 548(c) 549(d) 550(d) 551(c) 552(c) 553(d) 554(c)

555(d) 556(c) 557(c) 558(a) 559(a) 560(c) 561(c) 562(b) 563(c)

564(d) 565(b) 566(c) 567(a) 568(a) 569(c) 570(a) 571(d) 572(c)

573(c) 574(c) 575(d) 576(a) 577(b) 578(c) 579(b) 580(c) 581(c)

582(c) 583(b) 584(c) 585(b) 586(c) 587(c) 588(b) 589(a) 590(c)

591(a) 592(d) 593(c) 594(d) 595(a) 596(b) 597(c) 598(d) 599(c)

600(a)

12 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2017 s^_p-hcn- 15

C¥-y-bnsekwc-£nX]tZ-i-ßƒ]cn-ÿnXn kwc-£WØn\v ]m[m\yw sImSp-°p-∂ cmjvS-ß-fn-sem-∂mWv `mc-Xw. AtimI NI-h¿Øn-bpsS -Imew apX¬°p-Xs∂ Chn-SpsØ c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ Poh-Pm-e-ß-tfmSv A\p-Iº \nd™ kao-]-\-amWv kzoI-cn-®n- p-≈-sX∂v ImWmw. AXpsIm≠p-Xs∂ \ΩpsS cmPysØ \nc-h[n kwc-£nX ]tZ-i-ß-fpsS FÆw A\-h-[n-bm-Wv. Ah-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ hnh-c-ßƒ ka-K-ambn ChnsS ]cn-N-b-s∏-Smw.

B¿ kn kptcjvIpam¿ [email protected]

*- -1970 I-fn¬- C-¥y-bn-se- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\-ß-fp-sS- F-Æw-sh-dpw- A-©m-bn-cp-∂p.-

*- -1972˛¬- C-¥ym- K-h- -sa-‚ v- ssh¬-Uv- sse- v- s]m- -£-≥ B-Iv-Sv- ]m-km-°n.-

*- -B-‘m-]-tZ-in-se- ]m-]n-tIm-≠- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\w- 2008˛¬-ÿm-]n-X-am-bn- I-Sp-h,- ]p-≈n-∏p-en,- kmw-_m¿,- ]p-≈n-am-≥ F-∂n-h- C-hn-sS- Im-W-s∏-Sp-∂p.- 1012.-85 N.-In.-ao-‰-dm-Wv- hn-kv-Xo¿-Æw.-

*- -B-‘m-]-tZ-in-se- Ip-U-∏- Pn-√-bn-se- knw-lm-N-e- \n-c-Iƒ,- Nn-‰q¿- Pn-√-bn-se- Xn-cp-a-e- \n-c-Iƒ- F-∂n-h-bn-em-bn- ÿn-Xn- sN-øp-∂- io- sh-¶-tS-iz-c- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\-Øn-s‚- hn-kv-Xo¿-Æw- 353 N-Xp-c-i- In-tem-ao-‰-dm-Wv.-

*- -A-cp-Wm-N¬- ]-tZ-in¬- 1986˛¬- B-cw- n-®- au-fn-Mv- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\-Øn-\v- 483 N-Xp-c-i- In-tem-ao-‰-dm-Wv- hn-kv-Xo¿-Æw.- C-Xv- Zn-lm-Mv- -Zn-_m-Mv- _-tbm-kv- n-b¿- ]-›n-a- m-K-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.-

*- -I¿-Wm-S-I-Øn-se- _-µn-∏q¿- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\w- B-cw- n-®-Xv- 1974˛¬- B-Wv.- 874.-20 N.-In.-ao- hn-kv-Xo¿-Æ-ap-≠v.-

*- -1974˛¬- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\-am-bn- ]-Jym-]n-°-s∏- - _m-\¿-L-- I¿-Wm-S-I- kw-ÿm-\-Øn-em-Wv.- 260.-55 N.-In.-ao.- hn-

kv-Xo¿-Æ-ap-≠v.-*- -Pm¿-J-Wv-Un¬- tOm- m-\m-Kv-]q¿- ]o-T- q-an-bn-em-Wv- t_-Sv-

e- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.- 1986˛¬- B-cw- n-®p.- hn-kv-Xo¿-Æw- 226 N.-In.-ao.-

*- -I-≠¬-°m-Sp-Iƒ-°v- ]-kn-≤-am-b- `n- m¿-I¿-Wn-I- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- H-Un-j-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -ss_-k- - (cm-Pv-_m-cn-)- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- Xn-]p-c-bn-em-Wv.- 2007˛¬- ÿm-]n-X-am-bn.-

*- -ªm-°v- _-°v- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- Kp-P-dm-Øn-em-Wv.- ku-cm-jv-S-bn-se- `m¬- ta-J-e-bn-em-Wv- Cu- ]m¿-°v.-

*- -1992˛¬- ÿm-]n-X-am-b- _-Iv-km- ssS-K¿- dn-k¿-hv- ]-›n-a-_w-Km-fn-em-Wv-;- 760 N.-In.-ao.- hn-kv-Xo¿-Æ-ap-≠v.-

*- -B-¥-am-≥ \n-t°m-_m¿- 1992˛¬- B-cw- n-®- Imw-]v-s_¬-t_- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°n-\v- 426.-23 N.-Io.-ao- hn-kv-Xo¿-Æ-ap-≠v.-

*- -N-t≠m-en- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- 2004¬- a-lm-cm-jv-S-bn¬-ÿm-]n-X-am-bn.- 317.-67 N.-Io.-ao.- B-Wv- hn-kv-Xo¿-Æw.-C-Xv- k-lym-Zn- ssS-K¿- dn-k¿-hn-s‚- `m-K-am-Wv.-

*- -Xn-]p-c-bn-se- ¢u-U-Uv- se-t∏-Uv- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°n-s‚-hn-kv-Xo¿-Æw- 5.-08 N.-In.-ao- am-X-am-Wv.-

*- -I-iv-ao¿- am-≥ Im-W-s∏-Sp-∂- C-¥y-bn-se- G-I- ]-tZ-i-am-Wv- P-Ωp- Im-iv-ao-cn-se- U-®n-Kmw- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.-1981˛¬- ÿm-]n-X-am-b- ]m¿-°n-\v- 141 N.-In.-ao.- hn-kv-Xo¿-Æ-ap-≠v.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- c-≠m-a-sØ- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\-am-Wv- 3162 N.-In.-ao.- hn-kv-Xo¿-Æ-ap-≈- sU-k¿- v- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- (cm-P-ÿm-≥)- P-bv-k¬-a-dm-Wv- G-‰-hpw- A-Sp-Øp-≈- \-K-cw.-

*- -Zn-_p- ssk-tJm-h- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- A-k-an-em-Wv.-*- -C-¥y- -t\m-∏mƒ- A-Xn¿-Øn-°p- k-ao-]w- D-Ø-c-]-tZ-in-

em-Wv- Zp-[z- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.-*- -tI-c-f-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\-am-Wv- 1978˛¬-

ÿm-]n-X-am-b- C-c-hn-Ip-fw.- hw-i-\m-i- o-j-Wn- t\-cn-Sp-∂- h-c-bm-Sp-Iƒ-°v- ]-kn-≤-am-Wn-Xv.-

*- -B-¥-am-≥ \n-t°m-_m-dn-em-Wv- K-em-Øn-b- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.-

*- -D-Ø-c-Jm-Wv-Un¬- 2390 N.-In.-ao.- hn-kv-Xo¿-Æ-Øn¬- hym-]n-®p-In-S-°p-∂- Kw-tKm-Xn- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- Xp-S-ßn-b-Xv- 1989˛¬- B-Wv.-

*- -G-jym-‰n-Iv- knw-l-ßƒ-°v- ]-kn-≤-am-Wv- Kp-P-dm-Øn-se-Kn¿- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.- 1965˛¬- B-cw- n-®p.-

*- -Im-≠m-ar-K-ßƒ-°v- ]-kn-≤-am-b- tKm-cp-am-c- \m-j-W¬-]m¿-°v- ]-›n-a-_w-Km-fn-em-Wv.-

*- -kzm-X-¥y-k-a-c-tk-\m-\n-bm-bn-cp-∂- tKm-hn-µv- h-√- v- ]-¥n-s‚- kv-a-c-Wm¿-Yw- \m-a-I-c-Ww- sN-ø-s∏- - tZ-io-b-tZym-\-am-Wv- D-Ø-cm-J-Wv-Un-se- tKm-hn-µv- ]-ip-hn-lm¿- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°.v- 1955˛¬- ÿm-]n-°-s∏- p.-

*- -ln-am-N¬- ]-tZ-in-em-Wv- tK-‰v- ln-am-e-b-≥ \m-j-W¬-]m¿-°v.- 1984¬- ÿm-]n-X-am-b- ]m¿-°v- bp-s\-kv-tIm- ss]-Xr-I- tI-µw- Iq-Sn-bm-Wv.- Kp-Km-a¬- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v-a-lm-cm-jv-S-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -C-¥y-bn¬- \-K-c-]-tZ-i-Øv- ÿn-Xn- sN-øp-∂- A-]q¿-hw-\m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°p-I-fn-sem-∂m-Wv- sN-ss∂-bv-°v- k-ao-]-ap-≈- Kn-≠n- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\w.- sh-dpw- 2.-70 N.-In-ao-‰-dm-Wv- hn-kv-Xo¿-Æw.-

*- -X-an-gv-\m-Sn-s‚- Xo-c-]-tZ-i-Øm-Wv- Kƒ- v- Hm- v- am-∂m¿-a-ssd-≥ \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.-

*- -O-Øn-kv-K-Vn-em-Wv- Kp-cp- Lm-kn-Zm-kv- (k-Rv-P-bv-)- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\w.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\-am-Wv- P-Ωp- -I-iv-ao-cn-se- sl-an-kv- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- (4400 N.-In.-ao.-)-

*- -B-bn-cw- D-tZym-\-ßƒ- F-∂v- t]-cn-\¿-Y-ap-≈- l-km-cn-_m-Kv- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- Pm¿-J-Wv-Un-em-Wv.-

*- -C-µ¿-In-e- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- ln-am-N¬- ]-tZ-in-em-Wv.-*- -C-µn-cm-Km-‘n- ssh¬-Uv- sse- v- km-Mv-Nz-dn- B-≥Uv- \m-

j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- X-an-gv-\m- n-em-Wv.-*- -C-µm-h-Xn- \-Zn-bn¬- \n-∂v- t]-cp- e- n-®- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\-

am-Wv- O-Øn-kv-K-Vn-se- C-µm-h-Xn- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.-*- -I-≠m-ar-K-ßƒ-°v- ]-kn-≤-am-Wv- _w-Km-fn-se- P¬-Z-]-

c- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.- tSm¿-k- \-Zn-bp-sS- Xo-c-Øm-Wv-]m¿-°v.-

*- -1936˛¬- sl-bv-en- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- F-∂- t]-cn¬- B-cw- n-®- D-Zym-\w- ]n¬-°m-e-Øv- cmw-Kw-K- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\-am-bn- am-dn.- C-t∏mƒ- Pnw- tIm¿-_-‰v- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.- C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- ]-g-°-ap-≈- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°m-Wn-Xv.-

*- -Pnw- tIm¿-_-‰v- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°n-eq-sS- H-gp-Ip-∂- \-Zn-bm-Wv- cmw-Kw-K.-

*- -l-cn-bm-\-bn-em-Wv- I-te-k¿- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v-*- -a-t[y-¥y-bn-se- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\-ß-fn¬- G-‰-hpw- h-ep-Xm-

Wv- a-[y-]-tZ-in-se- I-≥l- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.- hn-t\m-Z-k-©m-cn-I-fp-sS- C-jv-S- e-£y- ÿm-\-ß-fn-sem-∂m-Wn-Xv.-dp-Uv- bm¿-Uv- In-πn-ßn-\v- Pw-Knƒ- _p-°v- F-∂- t\m-h-se-gp-Xm-≥ ]-tNm-Z-\-am-b-Xv- I-≥l- h-\-ß-fm-Wv.-

*- -O-Øn-kv-K-Vn-em-Wv- Imw-K¿-L-ń- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.-C-Xv- Im-K¿- hm-en- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- F-∂pw- A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.-

sl-an-kv- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v-

2017 s^_p-hcn 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 13

*- -tIm- -Io-‰v- h-\-Øn-\n-S-bn-se- h-\w- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Im-kp- _-“m-\-µ- sd-Õn- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- sX-e-¶m-\-bn-em-Wv.- 1.-6 N.-In-ao.- am-X-am-Wv- hn-kv-Xo¿-Æw.-

*- -tem-I-sØ- H-‰-s°m-º-≥ Im-≠m-ar-K-ß-fn¬- aq-∂n¬- c-≠p- `m-K-sØ- Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂- Im-kn-cw-K- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\w- A-k-an-em-Wv.- 1974˛¬- ÿm-]n-X-am-b- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- tem-I- ss]-Xr-I-∏- n-I-bn¬- ÿm-\w- t\-Sn-bn- p-≠v.-

*- -s]m-ßn-°n-S-°p-∂,- tem-I-sØ- G-I- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\-am-Wv- a-Wn-∏q-cn¬- tem-‡-Iv- X-Sm-I-Øn-ep-≈- sI-bv-_pƒ-emw-Pm-thm- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.- hw-i-\m-i- o-j-Wn- t\-cn-Sp-∂- kmw-Km-bn- am-\p-Iƒ-°v- ]-kn-≤-am-Wn-Xv.-

*- -tem-I- ss]-Xr-I-∏- n-I-bn¬- C-Sw-]n-Sn-®- tI-h-e-tZ-hv- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- cm-P-ÿm-\n-em-Wv.- -c-Xv-]q¿- ]-£n- k-t¶-Xw- F-∂m-bn-cp-∂- ]-g-b-t]-cv.-

*- -ap-ºv- Im-©-≥Pw-K- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- F-∂-dn-b-s∏- n-cp-∂- Jm-Mv-sN-µv- tkm-M- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- kn-°n-an-em-Wv.- tem-I- ss]-Xr-I-∏- n-I-bn¬- Cu- ]m¿-°v- Dƒ-s∏-Sp-∂p.-

*- -ln-am-N¬- ]-tZ-in-se- Jn¿-Kw-K- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\w- B-cw-`n-®-Xv- 2010˛¬- B-Wv.-

*- -P-Ωp- -Im-iv-ao-cn-em-Wv- In-jv-Xz¿- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.-*- -Ip-tZ-ap-Jv- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- I¿-Wm-S-I-Øn-em-Wv.-*- -am-[-h-dm-hp- kn-‘y-bp-sS- kv-a-c-Wm¿-∞w- \m-a-I-c-Ww- sN-

ø-s∏- - am-[-hv- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- a-[y-]-tZ-in-em-Wv.-*- -ku-Øv- B-¥-am-≥ Pn-√-bn-em-Wv- a-lm-flm-Km-‘n- a-ssd-

≥ \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.-*- -ssl-Z-cm-_m-Zv- \-K-c-Øn-em-Wv- a-lm-ho¿- l-cn-W-h-\-ÿ-

en- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- (sX-e-¶m-\- kw-ÿm-\w-)-*- -tem-I- ss]-Xr-I-∏- n-I-bn¬- ÿm-\w-]n-Sn-®- am-\-kv- tZ-

io-tbm-Zym-\w- A-k-an-em-Wv.-*- -t^m-kn-ep-Iƒ-°v- ]-kn-≤-am-b- am-≠v-e- πm-‚ v- t^m-kn¬-

kv- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- a-[y-]-tZ-in-em-Wv.-*- -Kp-P-dm-Øn-se- Kƒ- v- Hm- v- I-®n-em-Wv- a-ssd-≥ \m-j-

W¬- ]m¿-°v.-*- -C-Sp-°n- Pn-√-bn-se- D-Sp-º-≥ tNm-e- Xm-eq-°n-em-Wv- a-Xn-

sI- m-≥ tNm-e- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.-*- -an-Un¬- _- - - sF-e-≥Uv- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- B-¥-am-

≥ \n-t°m-_m-dn-em-Wv.-*- - -K-hm-≥ a-lm-ho¿- km-Mv-Nz-dn- B-≥Uv- sam-√w- \m-j-W¬-

]m¿-°v- tKm-h-bn-em-Wv.-*- -au-≠v- lm-cn-b-‰v- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- B-¥-am-≥ \n-t°m-

_m-dn-em-Wv.-*- -sX-e-¶m-\-bn-em-Wv- ar-K-h-\n- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.-*- -ssS-K¿- km-Mv-Nz-dn- Iq-Sn-bm-b- ap-Xp-a-sse- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-

°v- X-an-gv-\m- n-em-Wv.- C-Xv- I¿-Wm-S-I-hp-am-bpw- tI-c-f-hp-am-bpw- A-Xn-cv- ]-¶n-Sp-∂p.-

*- -Zm-cm-lv,- Nw-_¬,- P-hm-l¿- km-K¿- F-∂o- h-\y-Po-hn- k-t¶-X-ßƒ- tN¿-Øv- cq-]-h-Xv-I-cn-®- Zm-cm-lv- \m-j-W¬-]m¿-°v- cm-P-ÿm-\n-em-Wv.-

*- -X-an-gv-\m- n-se- ap-Ip¿-Øn- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- h-c-bm-Sp-I-fp-sS- kw-c-£-W-Øn-\v- ]-kn-≤-am-Wv.- \o-e-Kn-cn- _-tbm-kv- n-b¿- dn-k¿-hn-s‚- `m-K-am-Wn-Xv.-

*- -ap¿-se-≥ \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- an-tkm-d-an-em-Wv.-*- -A-cp-Wm-N¬- ]-tZ-in-se- B-Zy-sØ- ]m¿-°m-Wv- \w-Z- -

\m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.-*- -A-k-an-se- \-ta-cn- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- A-cp-Wm-N¬- ]-

tZ-in-se- ]-lp-bn- h-\y-Po-hn- k-t¶-X-hp-am-bn- A-Xn¿-Øn-]-¶n-Sp-∂p.-

*- -tem-I- ss]-Xr-∏- n-I-bn¬- C-Sw-]n-Sn-®- \-µm-tZ-hn- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- D-Ø-cm-J-Wv-Un-em-Wv.-

*- -]-£n-I-fp-sS- hn-]p-e-am-b- km-∂n-[yw- sIm-≠v- i-t≤-b-am-b- \-h-K-thm- - \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- a-lm-cm-jv-S-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -]-›n-a-_w-Km-fn-se- Um¿-Pn-en-Mv- Pn-√-bn-em-Wv- \n-tbm-d-hm-en- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.-

*- -t\m-I-Iv- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- ta-Lm-e-b-bm-Wv.- G-jy-≥B-\,- I-Sp-h,- lq-ep-°v- Ip-c-ßv- Xp-S-ßn-b- C-hn-sS- Im-W-s∏-Sp-∂p.-

*- -t\m¿-Øv- _- - - sF-e-≥Uv- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- B-¥-am-≥ \n-t°m-_m-dn-em-Wv.-

*- -\m-Km-em-≥Un-em-Wv- C-‚m-Mn- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.-*- -a-[y-]-tZ-in-em-Wv- Hmw-Im-tc-iz¿- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.-*- -A-k-an-em-Wv- H-cm-Mv- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.-*- -C-Sp-°n- Pn-√-bn-em-Wv- ]m-ºm-Spw-tNm-e- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-

°v.- tI-c-f-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- sN-dn-b- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\-am-Wn-Xv.-

*- -a-[y-]-tZ-in-se- ]-∂- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- ssS-K¿- dn-k¿-hp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv.-

*- -sX-e-¶m-\-bn-se- ]m-]n-tIm-≠- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- ssP-h- ssh-hn-[yw- sIm-≠v- k-º-∂-am-Wv.-

*- -dp-Uv- bm¿-Uv- In-πn-Mn-s‚- Pw-Knƒ- _p-°v,- A-_pƒ- -k¬- c-Nn-®- A-bv-\n- A-Iv-_-dn- F-∂n-h-bn¬- ]-cm-a¿-in-°-s∏-Sp-∂- ]-tZ-i-am-Wv- s]-©v- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.-

*- - m-hv-Mv-]p-bn- ªq- au-≠-≥ \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- an-skm-d-an-em-Wv.-

*- -ln-am-N¬- ]-tZ-in-em-Wv- ]n-≥ hm-en- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.-*- -D-Ø-c-J-Wv-Un-se- cm-Pm-Pn- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- \m-a-I-c-

Ww- sN-bv-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xv- kn.-cm-P-tKm-]m-em-Nm-cn-bp-sS- kv-a-c-Wm¿-∞-am-Wv.-

*- -Qm-≥kn- dm-Wn- e-£v-an- m-bn-bp-sS- Hm¿-a-bv-°m-bn- t]-cn-ń-cn-°p-∂- dm-Wn- Qm-≥kn- a-ssd-≥ \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v-B-¥-am-≥ \n-t°m-_m-dn-em-Wv.-

*- -cm-Po-hv- Km-‘n- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- \-K¿-tlm-sf- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- I¿-Wm-S-I-Øn-se- Ip-S-Iv,- ssa-kq¿- Pn-√-I-fn-em-Wv.-

*- -d- -Xw-t_m¿- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- cm-P-ÿm-\n-em-Wv.- k-hm-bv- am-t[m-]q¿- sK-bnw- km-Mv-N-dn- F-∂- t]-cn¬- 1955˛¬-B-cw- n-®p.- 1973˛¬- t]m-P-Iv-Sv- ssS-K-dn¬- Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn.-1980˛¬- tZ-in-tbm-Zym-\w- ]-Z-hn- e- n-®p.-

*- -B-¥-am-≥ \n-t°m-_m-dn-em-Wv- km-Un¬- ]o-°v- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v-

*- -km-enw- A-en- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- A-Y-hm- kn-‰n- t^m-d-Ãv- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- P-Ωp- Im-iv-ao-cn-se- io-\-K-dn-em-Wv.-

*- -a-[y-]-tZ-in-em-Wv- k-Rv-P-bv- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.- a-[y-]-tZ-iv- kw-ÿm-\w- hn- -Pn-®v- O-Øo-kv-K-Vv- kw-ÿm-\w-cq-]-h-Xv-I-cn-®-t∏mƒ- h-en-sbm-cp- `m-Kw- kw-ÿm-\-Øm-Ip-I-bpw- Kp-cp- Lm-kn-Zm-kv- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- F-∂v-]p-\¿-\m-a-I-c-Ww- sN-ø-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.-

*- -ap-ºv- t_m-dn-hn-en- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- F-∂-dn-b-s∏- n-cp-∂- k-Rv-P-bv- Km-‘n- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- a-lm-cm-jv-S-bn¬- ap-ss_- \-K-c-Øn-s‚- ]m-¥-]-tZ-i-Øm-Wv.- _p-≤-a-X- ]-T-\- tI-µ-am-bn-cp-∂- Im-t™-cn- Kp-l-Iƒ- Cu- ]m¿-°n-\p-≈n-em-Wv.-

*- -km-Xv-]p-c- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- a-[y-]-tZ-in-em-Wv.-*- -]m-e-°m-Sv- Pn-√-bn-em-Wv- ssk-e-‚ v-hm-en- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-

°v-*- -ln-am-N¬- ]-tZ-in-em-Wv- knw-_¬-_m-c- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-

°v-*- -a-Wn-∏q-cn-em-Wv- jn-cq-bn- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.-*- -knw-en-]m¬- tZ-in-tbm-Zym-\w- H-Un-j-bn-em-Wv.-*- -]-›n-a- _w-Km-fn-em-Wv- knw-Km-en-b- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.-*- -ku-Øv- sF-e-≥Uv- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- B-¥-am-≥ \n-

t°m-_m-dn-em-Wv.- C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- sN-dn-b- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\-am-Wn-Xv- (0.-03 N.-In.-ao-)-

*- -io-sh-¶-tS-iz-c- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- B-‘-]-tZ-in-em-Wv.- ]q¿-h-L- -Øn-se- ti-jm-N-ew- \n-c-I-fn-em-Wv- Cu-tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\w.-

*- -]-£n-I-fp-sS- km-∂n-[yw-sIm-≠v- i-t≤-b-am-b- kp¬-Øm-≥]q¿- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- ln-am-N¬- ]-tZ-in-em-Wv.-

*- -bp-s\-kv-tIm- ss]-Xr-I-∏- n-I-bn¬- Dƒ-s∏- - kp-µ¿-_-≥kv-

sU-k¿- v- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v-

alm-flm-Km-‘n- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- ˛ B-¥-am-≥ \n-t°m-_m-¿-

14 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2017 s^_p-hcn- 15

\m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- ]-›n-a-_w-Km-fn-em-Wv.-tdm-b¬- _w-Kmƒ- I-Sp-h-I-fp-sS- hn-lm-c-tI-µ-am-Wn-hn-Sw.-

*- -hm¬-ao-In- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v- _n-lm-dn-se- sh-Ãv- N-ºm-c-≥ Pn-√-bn-em-Wv.-

*- -Kp-P-dm-Øn-em-Wv- h-≥kv-Z- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v.-

*- -a-[y-]-tZ-in-em-Wv- h-≥hn-lm¿- \m-j-W¬-]m¿-°v.-

*- -tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\-ß-fn-√m-Ø- F-I- C-¥y-≥kw-ÿm-\w- ]-©m-_m-Wv.-

*- -tI-c-fw,- I¿-Wm-S-Iw,- X-an-gv-\m-Sv- F-∂o- kw-ÿm-\-ß-fn-em-bn- ÿn-Xn- sN-øp-∂- \o-e-Kn-cn-bm-Wv- C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- _-tbm-kv- n-b¿- dn-k¿-hv- (1986).- C-¥y-bn¬-\n-∂p-≈- bp-s\-kv-tIm- _-tbm-kv- n-b¿-dn-k¿-hp-I-fn¬- B-Zy-tØ-Xpw- \o-e-Kn-cn-bm-Wv- (2000).-

*- -Kƒ- v- Hm- v- am-∂m¿- (X-an-gv-\m-Sv-),- kp-µ¿-

b¿- dn-k¿-hv- Kp-P-dm-Øn-se- Kym-≥`m-c-Øn-bpw- (12,-454 N.-In.-ao-)- G-‰-hpw- sN-dp-Xv- Zn-_p- -sk-bv-tJm-h-bp-am-Wv.-

*- -]-tXy-I- kw-c-£-W-tam- ]-cn-N-c-W-tam-B-h-iy-am-b- k-ky-ß-tfm- P-¥p-°-tfm-D-≈- C-S-ß-fpw- a-‰p- ]-cn-ÿn-Xn- ]m-[m-\y-ap-≈- ]-tZ-i-ßƒ-°m-Wv- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\- ]-Z-hn- \¬-Ip-∂-Xv.- Cu- `m-K-Øv- bm-sXm-cp- hn-[-Øn-ep-≈- a-\p-jy- C-S-s]-S-ep-I-fpw- C-hn-sS- A-\p-h-Z-\o-b-a-√.-

*- -Po-h-Pm-e-ß-fp-sS- I¿-i-\-am-b- kw-c-£-Ww- D-d-∏p-h-cp-Øp-I-bm-Wv- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\-ß-fp-sS-e-£yw.-

*- -tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\-Øn-\p- k-am-\-am-b- kz- m-h- k-hn-ti-j-X-I-fm-Wv- h-\y-Po-hn- k-t¶-X-ßƒ-°pw- D-≈-sX-¶n-epw- Cu- ]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬- \n-b-¥n-X-am-bn- a-\p-jy- C-S-s]-S-ep-Iƒ- A-\p-h-Zn-°m-dp-≠v.- tIm¿,- _-^¿,- hn-t\m-Z- k-©m-cw- F-∂o- ta-J-e-I-fm-bn- kw-c-£n-X- ]-tZ-i-ß-sf- Xn-cn-°m-dp-≠v.-

*- -a-lm-cm-jv-S-bn-se- tK-‰v- C-¥y-≥ _-Ãm¿-Uv- h-\y-Po-hn- k-t¶-X-Øn-\m-Wv- cm-Py-Øv-hn-kv-Xo¿-Æ-Øn¬- H-∂mw-ÿm-\w.-

I¨k¿th-j≥˛I-a-yq-Wn‰n dnk¿hp-Iƒ

* Pohn-I-fp-tS-bpw- k-ky-ß-fp-tS-tbmkw-c-£-W-Øn-\v- P-\-]-¶m-fn-Ø-tØm-sS- \-S-∏n-em-°p-∂- ]-≤-Xn-I-fm-Wv- I-ayq-Wn-‰v- dn-k¿-hp-Iƒ.- 1972 -se- h-\y-Po-hn- \n-b-a-Øn-\v- 2002˛¬- h-cp-Øn-b- t -Z-K-Xn- ]-Im-c-am-Wv- I-ayq-Wn-‰n- dn-k¿-hp-Iƒ- \n-e-hn¬-h-∂-Xv.- h-\y-Po-hn- k-t¶-X-ßƒ-°pw- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\-ßƒ-°pw- k-an-]-tØm,- c-≠v-kw-c-£n-X- ]-tZ-i-ßƒ-°v- C-S-bn-tem- D-≈- ]-tZ-i-ßƒ- I- -k¿-th-j-≥ dn-k¿-hp-I-fm-bn- kw-c-£n-°m-dp-≠v.- h-\y-Po-hn-k-t¶-X-Øn-\v- ]p-d-tØ-°v- Po-hn-Iƒ- D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂- h-gn-Øm-c-Iƒ,- Po-hn-I-fp-sS-tZ-im-S-\- ÿ-e-ßƒ- Xp-S-ßn-b-h-epw- kw-c-£n-°p-∂-Xn-\v- I-ayq-Wn-‰n- dn-k¿-hp-Iƒ-]-tbm-P-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.- I-ayq-Wn-‰n- dn-k¿-hp-Iƒ- ]q¿-W-am-bpw- k¿-°m¿- D-S-a-ÿ-X-bn-ep-≈- q-an-bn-em-bn-s°m-≈-sa-∂n-√.-

*- -2007˛¬- ]-©m-_n-se- tIm-tjm-]q¿- Ow-_v,- em¬-h-≥ F-∂n-hn-S-ß-fn-epw- I¿-Wm-S-I-Øn-se- sIm-°-c-s_-√q-cn-epw- tI-c-f-Øn-se- I-S-ep-≠n-bn-epw- I-ayq-Wn-‰n- dn-k¿-hp-Iƒ- B-cw- n-®p.-

*- -B-‘m-]-tZ-in-se- sX-e-¶m-\-bn-epw- B-bn- hym-]n-®p- In-S-°p-∂- 3296 N.-In.-ao.- hn-kv-Xo¿-Æ-ap-≈- km-K¿- -io-ssi-ew- ssS-K¿- dn-k¿-hn-\m-Wv- C-¥y-bn-se- I-Sp-hm-kw-c-£-W- tI-µ-ß-fn¬- hn-kv-Xo¿-Æ-Øn¬- H-∂mw- ÿm-\w.- D-Ø¿-]-tZ-in-se- Pnw- tIm¿-_-‰v- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°n-s‚- _- ¿-tkm-Wm-b- A-a-≥K-Vv- ssS-K¿-dn-k¿-hm-Wv- G-‰-hpw- hn-kv-Xo¿-Æw- Ip-d-™-Xv- (80.-6 N.-In.-ao).

IS¬ IS¬Øockwc-£nX ]tZ-i-ßƒ

* IS-ep-amtbm IS-tem-c-ß-fp-amtbm _‘-s∏´ ]-tZ-i-ß-fm-Wv- a-ssd-≥ s]m- -Iv-S-Uv- G-cn-b.- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\-ß-fpw- h-\y-Po-hn- k-t¶-X-ß-fpw- I-ayq-Wn-‰n- dn-k¿-hp-I-fp-sam-s°- C-Xn¬- Dƒ-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v.-

*- -h-\-hpw- h-\y-Po-hn-I-fp-am-bn- _-‘-s∏-ń-´p-≈- Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-ßƒ- X-S-bp-I- F-∂- e-£y-tØm-sS- 2007˛¬- \n-e-hn¬- h-∂-ssh¬-Uv- sse-^v- ssIw- I-¨-tSmƒ-_yq-tdm-bp-sS- B-ÿm-\w- \yq-U¬-ln-bm-Wv.-

*- -0.-01 N.-In.-ao.- am-Xw- hn-kv-Xo¿-Æ-ap-≈- ]n-‰n- h-\y- Po-hn- k-t¶-Xw- e-£-Zo-]n-em-Wv.-C-Xv- ]-£n-I-fp-sS- X-mhf--am-Wv.

Nne kp]-[m\ h\-y-Pohn kt¶-X-ßƒ\mKm¿Pp\ io ssiew ˛ B-‘-]-tZiv]Jpbn ssSK¿ \nk¿hv ˛ Acp-Wm-N¬ ]tZivKcw-]m\n h\-y-Pohn kt¶Xw ˛ AkwKuXw _p≤ h\-y-Pohn kt¶Xw ˛ _nlm¿kpJv\m XSmIw ˛ NWvUn-K-Vv\¬ ktcm-h¿ ˛ KpP-dmØv]e-amhp h\-y-Pohn kt¶Xw ˛ Pm¿JWvUv]c-iv\mYv h\-y-Pohn kt¶Xw ˛ Pm¿JWvUvLS-]` ]£n kt¶Xw ˛ I¿Wm-S-Iw._“-Kncn h\-y-Pohn kt¶Xw ˛ I¿Wm-SIwcwK-Xn´p ]£n kt¶Xw ˛ I¿Wm-SIwXtUm_ ssSK¿ t]mPIvSv ˛ alm-cmjvSknPp h\-y-Pohn kt¶Xw ˛ taLm-eb`n´m¿I¿WnI kt¶Xw ˛ HUnjNn¬° ]£n kt¶Xw ˛ HUnjKln¿amX h\-y-Po-hn kt¶Xw ˛ HUnj\µ≥ Im\≥ h\-y-Pohn kt¶Xw ˛ HUnjlcnsI XSmIw ˛ ]©m_vau≠v A_p h\-y-Pohn kt¶Xw ˛ cmP-ÿm≥kcnkvI ssSK¿ \nk¿hv ˛ cmP-ÿm≥thS≥X-ß¬ ]£n kt¶Xw ˛ Xan-gv\mSv\mKm¿Pp\ kmK¿˛io-ssiew ssSk¿ dnk¿hv ˛ sXe¶m\˛B-‘-]-tZivXrjvW h\-y-Pohn kt¶Xw ˛ Xn]pcNµ-]` h\-y-Pohn kt¶Xw ˛ DØ¿t]tZiv_Ivkm ssSK¿ dnk¿hv ˛ _wKmƒ

_-≥kv- (_w-Kmƒ-),- \-µm-tZ-hn- (D-Ø-cm-J-Wv-Uv-),- t\m-I-Iv- (ta-Lm-e-b-),- ]-Nv-a-Vn- (a-[y-]-tZ-iv-),- kn-enw-]m¬- (H-Un-j-),- tK-‰v- \n-t°m-_m¿- (B-¥-am-≥ \n-t°m-_m¿-),- A-N-\-Iv-a¿- -A-a¿- I-Wv-U-Iv- (O-Øn-kv-K-Vv-),- A-K-kv-Xy-a-e- (tI-c-fw- -X-an-gv-\m-Sv-)- F-∂n-h-bm-Wv- C-¥y-bn-se-a-‰v- bp-s\-kv-tIm- _-tbm-kv- n-b¿- dn-k¿-hp-Iƒ.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- C-X-c- _-tbm-kv- n-b¿- dn-k¿-hp-I-fm-Wv- am-\-kv- (A-kw-),- Zn-lm-Mv- -Zn-_m-Mv- (A-cp-Wm-N¬- ]-tZ-iv-),- tK-‰v- dm-≥Hm- v- I-®v- (Kp-P-dm-Øv-),- tImƒ-Uv- sU-k¿-v- (ln-am-N¬- ]-tZ-iv-),- Im-©-≥ Pw-K- (kn-

°nw-),- Zn-_p- -kn-tJm-h- (A-kw-),- ti-jm-N-ew- a-e-Iƒ- (B-‘-]-tZ-iv-),- ]-∂- (a-[y-]-tZ-iv-)- F-∂n-h.-

*- -B-Zy-am-bn- t]m-P-Iv-Sv- ssS-K-dn¬- Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv- (1973)- Pnw- tIm¿-_-‰v- \m-j-

W¬- ]m¿-°m-Wv.- tI-c-f-Øn¬- \n-∂v- B-Zy-am-bn- Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv- s]-cn-bm¿- ssS-K¿- dn-k¿-hv.-

*- -X-Æo¿-Ø-S- kw-c-£-W-am-Wv- dw-km¿- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- e-£yw.-

*- -dw-km¿- ]- n-I-bn¬- C-¥y-bn¬- \n-∂v- B-Zy-am-bn- Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn-b- X-Æo¿-Ø-S-ßƒ-Nn¬-°- X-Sm-I-hpw- tI-h-e-tZ-hv- (sIm-bn-em-Un-tbm-)- tZ-io-tbm-Zym-\-hp-am-Wv.-

*- -dw-km¿- ]- n-I-bn¬- Dƒ-s∏-Sp-∂- C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- kw-c-£n-X- ]-tZ-i-ß-fn-sem-∂m-Wv- th-º-\m-Sv- Im-b¬.-

*- -C-¥y-bn¬- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- I-Sp-h-I-fp-≈-Xv- I¿-Wm-S-I-Øn-em-Wv.-

*- -t]m-P-Iv-Sv- ssS-K-dn-\p- Io-gn-ep-≈- ssS-K¿-dn-k¿-hp-I-fp-sS- ta¬-t\m- w- h-ln-°p-∂-Xv- \m-j-W¬- ssS-K¿- I- -k¿-th-j-≥A-tXm-dn-‰n-bm-Wv.- 2006 sk-]v-Xw-_¿- \m-en-\v- \n-e-hn¬- h-∂- Cu- k-an-Xn-bp-sS- A-[y-£-≥ tI-µ- h-\w- ]-cn-ÿn-Xn- h-Ip-∏v-a-¥n-bm-Wv.-

*- -ssh¬-Uv- sse- v- C-≥Ãn-‰q- v- Hm- v- C-¥y- sU-dm-Uq-Wn-em-Wv.-

*- -1992˛¬- B-Wv- m-c-X- k¿-°m¿- t]m-P-Iv-Sv- F-en- -‚ v- B-cw- n-®-Xv.- B-\-I-sf-bpw-A-h-bp-sS- B-hm-k-tI-µ-ß-sf-bpw- ]-cn-c-£n-°p-I- F-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS-ap-Jy-e-£yw.- C-¥y-≥ h-\y-Po-hn- kw-c-£-W- \n-b-a-Øn-s‚- H-∂mw- ]- n-I-bn¬-Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bm-Wv- B-\-Iƒ-°v- kw-c-£-Ww- D-d-∏m-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.-

*- -C-¥y-bn¬- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- B-\-I-fp-≈-Xv- I¿-Wm-I-S-I-Øn-em-Wv.-

*- -C-¥y-bn¬- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- \m-j-W¬-]m¿-°p-I-fp-≈- kw-ÿm-\w- a-[y-]-tZ-ipw-tI-µ- -c-W-]-tZ-iw- B-¥-am-≥ dn-t°m-_m-dp-am-Wv.-

*- -C-¥y-bn¬- h-\y-Po-hn- k-t¶-X-ßƒ- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X-ep-≈- kw-ÿm-\w- a-lm-cm-jv-S-bpw- tI-µ- -c-W- ]-tZ-iw- B-¥-am-≥\n-t°m-_m-dp-am-Wv.-

*- -tI-c-f-Øn-se- I-Sp-hm- k-t¶-X-ßƒ- s]-cn-bm-dpw- (C-Sp-°n- Pn-√-)- ]-d-ºn-°p-f-hpw-(]m-e-°m-Sv- Pn-√-)- B-Wv.-

*- -a-\p-jy-\pw- ]-Ir-Xn-bpw- X-Ωn-ep-≈- _-‘w- Iq-Sp-X¬- i-‡-am-°p-∂-Xn-\v- bp-s\-kv-tIm- hn- m-h-\w- sN-bv-X- am-≥ B-≥Uv-_-tbm-kv- n-b¿- t]m-Km-an-s‚- m-K-am-bm-Wv- 1971˛¬- _-tbm-kv- n-b¿- dn-k¿-hv- F-∂- ]-≤-Xn-°v- Xp-S-°-an- -Xv.- _-tbm-kv-^n-b¿- dn-k¿-hn¬- Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv- h-f-sc- hn-im-e-am-b- q-]-tZ-i-sØ-bm-Wv.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- _-tbm-kv- n-

ssk-e-‚ v-hm-en- \m-j-W¬- ]m¿-°v-

2017 s^_p-hcn 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 15

* B[p-\nI mc-X-Øn¬ kp]-[m-\-ambHcp ]¶p hln® P\-hn- m-K-amWv knJp-Im¿.

Kpcp \m\m°v (1469˛1539)* _m_-dp-sS- k-a-Im-en-I-\m-bn-cp-∂- Kp-cp-

\m-\m-°v- (1469˛-1539)- B-Wv- kn-Jv- a-Xw- ÿm-]n-®-Xv.-

*- -]-Xn-\-©pw- ]-Xn-\m-dpw- \q-‰m-≠p-I-fn¬-

C-¥y-bn-ep-S-\o-fw- kzm-[o-\w- sN-ep-Øn-b- a-X- \-thm-∞m-\-Øn-s‚- kzm-[o-\- -e-am-bn-´m-Wv- Cu- a-Xw- cq-]w-sIm-≠-Xv.-kn-Jv- a-X-Øn-s‚- A-Sn-ÿm-\w- G-I-ssZ-

h- hn-izm-k-am-Wv.- _nw-_m-cm-[-\-sb-bpw-Xo¿-Ym-S-\-sØ-bpw- A-Xv- F-Xn¿-Øp.-

*- -X¬-h-µn- F-∂- ÿ-e-Øm-Wv- Kp-cp- \m-\m-°v- P-\n-®-Xv.

Kpcp AwKZv (1504- 1552)* 1539- apX¬ 1552 hsc Kpcp.* se” F∂mWv c≠m-asØ knJv

Kpcphmb AwK-Zns‚ bYm¿Y t]cv.Kpcp-apJn en]n°v am\-I-cq]w \¬Ip-Ibpw P\-Io -b -h -X vI -cn -°p -IbpwsNbvXp.

Kpcp Aa¿\mYv (1479- 1574)* 1552- apX¬ 1574 hsc Kpcp.kXn kº-Zm-b-sØbpw ]¿Z-sbbpw

FXn¿Øp. Xo¿Ym-S\ \nIpXn Hgn--hm-°m≥ AIv_¿ NI-h¿Øn-tbmSv Bh-iy-s∏-´p.

Kpcp cmwZmkv (1534˛1581)* 1574- apX¬ 1581hsc Kpcp.* AarXkc v \n¿an-®-Xv AIv_-dpsS

ka-Im-en-I-\m-bn-cp∂ Kpcp cmwZmkvBWv.

Kpcp A¿P≥tZhv (1563- 1606)* 1581 apX¬ 1606 hsc Kpcp.* Kpcp cmwZm-kns‚ aI≥.* knJv aXKŸ-amb BZnKŸv tImUo-

I-cn-°-s∏-´Xv A¿P≥ tZhns‚ Ime-Øm-Wv. kn-Jv- a-X-Øn-s‚- km-º-Øn-I-`-Z-X-bv-°pw- A-t±-lw- A-Sn-Ø-d- ]m-In.-

*- -Kp-cp- A¿-P-\p-am-bp-≈- _-‘w- tam-ln-®v- em-tlm-dn-se- Zn-hm-\m-bn-cp-∂- N-µv- jm-A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- a-I-sf- Kp-cp-hn-s‚- ]p-X-\v- hn-hm-lw- I-gn-®p-sIm-Sp-°m-≥ B-K-ln-®p.- A¿-P-≥tZ-hv- Cu- \n¿-t±-iw- \n-cm-I-cn-®p.- Ip-]n-X-\m-b- Zn-hm-≥ Kp-cp-hn-s\-Xn-sc- Xn-cn-bp-I-bpw- Kp-cp-hn-s‚- h-[-in-£-bv-°v- Iq- p-\n¬-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.-P-lmw-Ko¿- cm-Py-tZm-l-°p-‰w- Np-a-Øn-bm-Wv- A¿-P-≥ tZ-hn-s\- h-[n-®-Xv.-

Kpcp l¿tKm-hnµv (1595- -1644)* 1606 apX¬- 1644 h-sc- Kp-cp-*- -A¿-P-≥ tZ-hn-s‚- a-I-≥.-*- -B-flo-b- t\-Xm-hv- F-∂-Xn-ep-]-cn- cm-jv-

So-b- t\-Xm-hm-bn- D-b¿-∂- B-Zy-sØ- Kp-cp-hm-Wv- l¿-tKm-hn-µv.- ssk-\n-I- ]-

h¿-Ø-\-ß-fn¬- G¿-s∏- - B-Zy-sØ- kn-Jv- Kp-cp-hpw- A-t±-l-am-Wv.-

*- -A-\p-bm-bn-I-fp-sS- C-S-bn¬- [o-tcm-Zm-Ø-X-bpw- k-a-tcm-’p-I-X-bpw- A-t±-lw-t]m-’m-ln-∏n-®p.-

*- -Kp-cp-hn-s‚- A-\p-bm-bn-Iƒ- A-t±-l-Øn-\v- k-Ωm-\-am-bn- bp-≤- km-a-Kn-I-fpw- Ip-Xn-c-I-fpw- a-‰pw- Im-gv-N- h-bv-°-W-sa-∂v-\n¿-_-‘-am-°n.- Ip-S,- hmƒ,- ap-Z- Xp-S-ßn-b- cm-P-Io-b- Nn-”-ßƒ- Kp-cp-hn-s‚-]-Z-hn-°v- am-‰p-Iq-ń.- kz-b-c-£-bv-°p-th-≠n- H-c-p sNdnb tk\sb At±lwk÷-am-°n.

l¿ dmbn (1630- 1661)*- -apKƒ cmP-Ip-am-c≥ Zmcbv°v A`bw

\¬In.

l¿ Inj≥ (1656- 1664)* 1661 apX¬ 1664 hsc Kpcp.* tIhew Bdp hb- p-≈-t∏m-ƒ Kpcp

]Z-Øn¬ Ah-tcm-[n-X-\mb l¿ Inj-\mWv G‰hpw ]mbw Ipd™ knJvKpcp. hkq-cn-Zo\w ]nSn-s] v l¿ Inj≥ac-W-s∏- -Xn-\m¬ tXPv _lm-Zq¿ Kpcp-]-Z-Øn¬ Ah-tcm-[n-°-s∏-´p.

tXPv _lm-Zq¿ (1621- 1675)* 1665 apX¬ 1675 hsc Kpcp.* Hudw-K-ko-_ns‚ aX-\-b-Øn-s\-Xn-

cmbn Kpcp tXPv _lm-Zq¿ i_vZ-ap-b¿Øn-b-Xn¬ Ip]n-X-\mb Hudw-K-ko_v At±-lsØ Xs‚ cmP-[m-\n-bn-te°v hnfn-°p-Ibpw C…mw aXw kzoI-cn-°m≥ \n¿_-‘n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.tXPv _lm-Zq¿ AXv \nc -kn -®p.XpS¿∂v Hudw-K-ko_v At±-lsØh[n-®p. CXv knJp-Im-cpsS a\- n¬

a[y-Ime C¥y

knJv i‡nbpsSDZ-bhpw hnIm-khpw

a[y-Ime C¥ym Ncn-X-Øn-se bp≤-ßƒ(hn-P-bn-bpsS t]cv BZyw)

H∂mw Xmt\-iz¿ bp≤w (1191) ]rYzn-cmPv Nulm≥-˛-ap-l-ΩZv tKmdn

c≠mw Xmt\-iz¿ bp≤w (1192) ap-l-ΩZv tKmdn˛]rYzn-cmPv Nulm≥-

Nµvhm¿ bp≤w (1194) apl-ΩZv tKmdn-˛-P-bvNµv

H∂mw ]m\n-∏´v bp≤w (1526) _m_¿-˛-C-_mlnw tem[n

J\z-bp≤w (1527) _m_¿˛dmW kwK

Ntµcn bp≤w (1528) _m_¿˛ta[n\n dmbn

tKmK bp≤w (1529) _m_¿-˛-A-^vKm≥ tk\

Nuk bp≤w (1539) tj¿jm kqcn-˛-lp-a-bq¨

I\uPv bp≤w (1540) tj¿jm kqcn-˛-lp-a-bq¨

c≠mw ]m\n-∏´v bp≤w (1556) AIv_¿-˛-slap

Xfn-t°m´ bp≤w (1565) _mlva\n cmPyw-˛-hn-P-b-\-Kcw

lm¬Un-L´v bp≤w (1576) AIv_¿-˛-dmWm ]Xm]v

I¿Wm¬ bp≤w (1739) \mZn¿jm ˛apl-ΩZv jm

H∂mw I¿Wm-ńIv bpZv[w (1745-˛48) ^©v CuÃn¥ym Iº-\n-˛

-Cw-•njv CuÃn¥ym Iº-\n-

c≠mw I¿Wm-ńIv bpZv[w (1749-˛54) -Cw-•njv CuÃn¥ym Iº-\n-˛

^©v CuÃn¥ym Iº-\n-

aq∂mw I¿Wm-ńIv bpZv[w (1756-˛63) -Cw-•njv CuÃn¥ym Iº-\n-˛

^©v CuÃn¥ym Iº-\n-

πmkn bp≤w (1757) tdm_¿´v ss¢hv˛ kndmPv DZv Zuf

hm≠n-hmjv bp≤w (1760) _nń-jp-Im¿-˛-^-©p-Im¿

aq∂mw ]m\n-∏´v bp≤w (1761) A^vKm≥Im¿-˛-a-dm-Ø¿

_Ivkm¿ bp≤w (1764) _nń-jp-Im¿- (sl-IvS¿ a¨tdm)˛

-_w-Kmƒ,-A-h[v \hm-_p-amcpsSbpw

jm Bew c≠mas‚bpw kwbp‡-tk\

BI-a-W-Im-cnbpw kztZ-ihpwapl-ΩZv _n≥ Imknw Atd_ya“qZv Kkv\n A^vKm-\n-ÿm≥sN¶n-jvJm≥ awtKm-fnbXnaq¿ Dkvs_-°n-ÿm≥\mZn¿ jm t]¿jyAl-ΩZv jm A_vZmen A^vKm-\n-ÿm≥

A]-c-\m-a-ßƒ_p≤n-am-\mb hnUvVn apl-ΩZv _n≥ Xp•Iv

sshcp-[y-ß-fpsS k¶-e\w apl-ΩZv _n≥ Xp•Iv

]nim-Nns‚ lrZ-b-ap≈ ]pWy-hm-f≥ apl-ΩZv _n≥ Xp•Iv

Pohn-°p∂ k∂ymkn Hudw-K-ko_v

\mW-b-\n¿am-Xm-°-fn¬ cmP-Ip-am-c≥ apl-ΩZv _n≥ Xp•Iv

\n¿an-Xn-I-fpsS cmP-Ip-am-c≥ jmP-lm≥

e£ ZmXmhv IpØ-_v±o≥ sF_Iv

]mh-ßfpsS XmPva-l¬ _o_n In aJv_c

XmPva-l-ens‚ ap≥Kman lpa-bq-Wns‚ ih-Ip-Socw

XmPva-l-ens‚ Um^v‰v CØn-amZv DZv Zuf-bpsS ih-Ip-Socw

Ccp-]Xmw \q‰m-≠nse XmPv tem´kv sSºnƒ (sU¬ln)

16 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2017 s^_p-hcn- 15

apK-f¿s°-Xnsc HSp-ßmØ sshcmKywD≠m-Ip-∂-Xn\v Imc-W-am-bn.

* _olm-dnepw Ak-anepw knJv aXw]N-cn-∏n-®p.

tKm_nµv knMv (1666- 1708)* 1675 apX¬- 1708 h-sc- Kp-cp.-*- -]-Øm-a-sØ-bpw- a-\p-jy-cq-]-Øn-se- A-

h-km-\-sØ-bpw- kn-Jv- Kp-cp-hm-bn-cp-∂-tKm-_n-µv- kn-Mv- tX-Pv- _-lm-Zq-dn-s‚- a-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p.- X-s‚- cm-Py-tØm-Spw- ]n-Xm-hn-t\m-Spw- ap-K-f¿- sN-bv-X- sIm-Spw-N-Xn-°v- ]-Xn-Im-cw- sN-øp-sa-∂v- A-t±-lw-B-Zy-ta- Xo-cp-am-\n-®p.-

*- -kn-Jp-Im-sc- G-tIm-]n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\pw- ]-´m-f-®n-´-bn¬- A-h-sc- ]-cn-io-e-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\pw- A-t±-lw- i-≤- ]-Xn-∏n-®p.-

*- -kn-Jv-Im-cp-sS- hn-Jym-X- kw-L-S-\-bm-b-J¬-k- 1699˛¬- ÿm-]n-®-Xv- tKm-_n-µv-kn-Mm-Wv.- ap-K-f¿-s°-Xn-sc- Xp-S¿-®-bm-b- G-‰p-ap- -ep-Iƒ-°v- A-t±-lw- t\-Xr-Xzw-\¬-In.-

*- -kn-Jp-Im-cp-sS- B-lm-cw,- h-kv-X-[m-c-W-co-Xn,- B-cm-[-\m-ap-d- F-∂n-h- A-t±-lw-]-cn-jv-I-cn-®p.-

*- -kn-Jp-Im-cp-sS- t]-cn-s\m-∏w- kn-Mv- F-∂v-tN¿-°p-∂- co-Xn- B-cw-`n-®-Xv- tKm-_n-µv-kn-Mm-Wv.- I¿-j-I- P-\-X- F-∂-Xn¬-\n-∂v- ssk-\n-I- k-ap-Zm-b-am-bn- kn-Jp-Im-sc- cq-]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv- C-t±-l-am-Wv.-

*- -X-\n-°p-ti-jw- B-Zn-K-Ÿ-sØ- Kp-cp-ÿm-\-Øv- Im-Wm-≥ A-t±-lw- \n¿-t±-in-®p.-

*- -ap-Kƒ- K-h¿-W¿- h-ko¿-Jm-≥ A-b-®- ]-jv-Xq-¨-Im-cm¬- tKm-_n-µv- kn-Mv- h-[n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv.-

*- -a-tX-X-c- Im-cy-ß-fn¬- kn-Jv-Im¿-°p- t\-Xr-Xzw- \¬-Ip-∂-Xn-\v- _-µm- _-lm-Zq-dn-s\- t\-Xm-hm-bn- \n-b-an-®n-´m-Wv- tKm-_n-µv- kn-Mv- a-c-W-a-S-™-Xv.- ap-K-f-cpw- _-µm- _-lm-Zq-dp-am-bn- \n-c-h-[n- kw-L-´-\-ßƒ- D-≠m-bn.-

*- -1716˛¬- ap-K-f¿- _-µm-sb- Io-g-S-°p-I-bpw-h-[n-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.- ]-t£,- kn-Jp-Im-cp-sS- a-t\m-ho-cyw- C-Xp-sIm-≠v- X-I¿-∂n-√.- \m-Zn¿-jm-bp-sS- Im-e-Øv- ]-©m-_n¬- \n-e-hn-en-cp-∂- cm-jv-So-b- A-cm-P-I-Xzw- kn-Jp-Im¿- ]-tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øn.-1758˛¬- A-h¿- em-tlm¿- ]n-Sn-s®-Sp-Øp.-1764 \pw- 1799 \pw- C-S-bv-°v- ]-©m-_n-se- ]-_-e- cm-jv-So-b- i-‡n-bm-bn- kn-

Jp-Im¿- D-b¿-∂p.- ]-¥-t≠m-fw- kn-Jv-]-[m-\n-Iƒ- tN¿-∂v- a-[y- ]-©m-_v- ap-gp-h-≥ ho-Xn-s®-Sp-Øp.- ]-sØm-≥]-Xmw-i-X-I-Øn-s‚- Xp-S-°-Øn¬- c-Rv-Pn-Xv- kn-Mv- C-h-sc- Hm-tcm-cp-Ø-sc-bm-bn- B-I-an-®v- Io-g-S-°n- H-cp- Ip-S-°o-gn-em-°n.- A-ß-s\- ]-©m-_v- H-cp- G-Io-Ir-X- kn-Jv-cm-Py-am-bn- cq-]w-sIm-≠p.- kn-Jv- bp-≤-ß-fp-sS- ^-e-am-bn- Im-e-I-ta-W- ]-©m-_v-_n-ń-jv- km-am-Py-Øn-s‚- `m-K-a-m-bn.

cRvPnXv knMv* kn-Jv- km-am-Py-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- cm-

Pm-hm-Wv- c-Rv-Pn-Xv- kn-Mv- (`-c-W-Im-ew-1799˛-1839).-

*- -Kp-P-≥hm-e-bn-se- H-cp- sN-dn-b- kn-Jv- k-ap-Zm-b-Øn-s‚- t\-Xm-hm-bn-cp-∂p- c-Rv-Pn-Xv- kn-Mv.- 1780˛¬- B-Wv- c-Rv-Pn-Xv- kn-Mn-s‚- P-\-\w.- ]-©m-_v- knw-lw- F-∂-A-]-c-\m-a-Øn¬- A-dn-b-s∏- n-cp-∂- A-t±-l-Øn-\v- B-[p-\n-I- C-¥ym- N-cn-X-Øn¬-H-cp- kp-]-[m-\- ÿm-\-am-Wp-≈-Xv.-

S-°n- a-lm-cm-Pm-sh-∂- ]-Z-hn- kzo-I-cn-®p.-A- v-Km-\n-ÿm-\n-se- A-ao¿- km-a-≥jm-c-Rv-Pn-Xv- kn-Mn-s\- em-tlm-dn-s‚- -c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bm-bn- Aw-Ko-I-cn-®p.- 1802˛¬- A-ar-Xv-k¿- Io-g-S-°n-b- A-t±-lw- a-‰p- ]-[m-\n-I-sf- H-s∂m-∂m-bn- X-s‚- A-[o-\-X-bn¬- sIm-≠p-h-∂p.-

*- -1806,- 1809 h¿-j-ß-fn¬- c-Rv-Pn-Xv- kn-Mv-Cw-•n-jp-Im-cp-am-bn- c-≠v- D-S-º-Sn-I-fn¬-G¿-s∏-´p.- -

*- -Zp-cm-\n- cm-P-hw-i-Øn-s‚- i-‡n-£-bw-ap-X-se-Sp-Ø- c-Rv-Pn-Xv- kn-Mv- kn-‘p-hn-\pw- k-Xv-e-Pn-\pw- a-t[y-bp-≈- h-S-°-≥]-©m-_v- ap-gp-h-≥ 1818˛-Hm-sS- X-s‚- A-[o-\-X-bn-em-°n.- ssk-\n-I-am-bn- i-‡n-bm¿-Pn-®- kn-Jp-Im¿- ]n-∂o-Sv- I-iv-ao-cpw-

hw-i-hpw- -c-W-ta-J-e-bpw-]-c-am-c-hw-iw- -amƒ-h-tkm-f-¶n- -Kp-P-dm-Øv-A-tlmw- -A-kw-tk-\-hw-iw- -_w-Kmƒ-Im¿-tIm-S-hw-iw- -I-iv-ao¿-In-g-°-≥ Kw-Km-hw-iw- -H-Un-j-tN-c-hw-iw- -tI-c-fw-tNm-f-hw-iw- -X-an-gv-\m-Sv-]m-Wv-Uy-hw-iw- -X-an-gv-\m-Sv-

]WvUn-X≥amcpw ]pc-kvI¿Øm-°fpwsX∂men cma≥ IrjvW-tZ-h-cm-b¿A-√-km-\n- s]-±-Æ- -Ir-jv-W-tZ-h-cm-b¿-N-µ-h-c-Zm-bn- -]r-Yzn-cm-Pv- Nu-lm-≥

s^-bv-kn- -A-Iv-_¿-A-_pƒ- ^m-k¬- -A-Iv-_¿-_-Zu-Wn- -A-Iv-_¿-

^n¿-Zu-kn- -a-lv-aq-Zv- K-kv-\n-_o¿-_¬- -A-Iv-_¿-Xp-f-ko-Zm-kv- -A-Iv-_¿-

Xm-≥sk-≥ -A-Iv-_¿-

a-[y-Im-e- C-¥y- -]-Zm-h-en-ta-a-ep-Iv- -sh-fp-Ø- A-Sn-a-

kp-_- -]-hn-iy-an¿- _-£n- -an-en-´-dn- Un-∏m¿-´v-sa-‚ v-an¿- k-am-≥ -k-ssπ- Un-∏m¿-´v-sa-‚ v-

]¿-Km-\- -G-I-tZ-iw- 100 hn-t√-Pp-Iƒ-k¿-°m¿- -H-cp- Iq-´w- ]¿-Km-\-Iƒ-û-Pv-Zm¿- -k¿-°m-cn-s‚- Np-a-X-e-°m-c-≥

Zn-hm-≥˛-C-˛-hn-km-c-Øv- -[-\-h-Ip-∏v-Zn-hm-≥˛-C-˛-A¿-kv- -ssk-\n-I- Im-cy- a-¥m-e-bw-hn-em-b-Øv- -kq-^n-bp-sS- B-flo-b- ta-J-e-

*- -a-lm-kn-Mv- F-∂p- t]-cp-≈- c-P-]p-X- hw-i-P-\m-b- H-cp- kn-Jv- ]-[m-\n-bpw- cm-Pv-Iu-dp-am-Wv- c-Rv-Pn-Xv- kn-Mn-s‚- am-Xm-]n-Xm-°ƒ.-

*- -c-Rv-Pn-Xv- kn-Mn-\v- ]-¥-≠v- h-b- p-≈-t∏mƒ- ]n-Xm-hv- a-cn-®-Xn-\m¬- cm-Pv-Iu-dm-Wv- a-I-\p-th-≠n- `-c-Ww- \-S-Øn-b-Xv.-

*- -1799˛¬- c-Rv-Pn-Xv- kn-Mv- em-tlm¿- Io-g-

* knJp-Im-cp-sS- kzm-X-¥yw- \n-e-\n¿-Øp-∂-Xn-\v- Cw-•n-jp-Im-cp-am-bn- H-cp- A-¥n-a- k-a-cw- A-\n-hm-cy-am-bn- h-∂p.- Cw-•n-jp-Im-cp-am-bn-´p-≈- A-Xn¿-Øn- X¿-°-ßƒ- Im-e-I-ta-W- H-cp- bp-≤-Øn¬- I-em-in-®p.- 1845˛-46¬- lm¿-Un-©v- ]-`p-hn-s‚- Im-e-Øv- H-∂mw- kn-Jv- bp-≤w- \-S-∂p.- 1846 s^-_p-h-cn- 20˛-\v- _n-ń-jv-ssk-\yw- em-tlm¿- Io-g-S-°n.- Xp-S¿-∂v-em-tlm-dn¬- h-®p-≠m-bn- D-S-º-Sn- ]-Im-cw- H-∂mw- kn-Jv- bp-≤w- A-h-km-\n-®p.-

c≠mw knJv bp≤w* 1848 apX¬- 1849 h-sc- \-S-∂- c-≠mw- kn-

Jv- bp-≤-Øn¬- Cw-•n-jp-Im¿- kn-Jp-Im-sc- ]-cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øn.- 1849 am¿-®n¬-

Ah-km-\-sØ......Cw]o-cn-b¬ apK-f-cn¬ Ah-km-\sØ NI-h¿Øn Hudw-K-ko_v

Ah-km-\sØ apKƒ `c-Wm-[n-Imcn _lm-Zq¿ jm c≠m-a≥

Ah-km-\sØ knJv Kpcp tKmhnµv knMv

Ah-km-\sØ t]jz `c-Wm-[n-Imcn _mPn dmhp c≠m-a≥

abq-c-knwlm-k-\-Øn-en-cp-∂- A-h-km-\- ap-Kƒ- cm-Pm-hv- -ap-l-Ω-Zv- jm-

A-h-km-\-sØ- tem-[n- kp¬-Øm-≥ -C-_m-lnw- tem-[n-

A-h-km-\-sØ- A-Sn-a- kp¬-Øm-≥ -ssI-Jp-_m-Zv-

A-h-km-\-sØ- kp¬-Øm-t\-‰v- hw-iw- -tem-[n-

hn-P-b-\-K-c-Øn-se- A-h-km-\-sØ- hw-iw- -A-c-hn-Up-

apƒ- m-\pw- tZ-cm-P-Øpw- ssI-∏n-Sn-bn-sem-Xp-°p-I-bpw- s]-j-hm¿- Xm-gv-h-c-bn¬-]q¿-W-am-bpw- B-[n-]-Xyw- ÿm-]n-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.- F-¶n-epw- A-^v-Km-\n-Iƒ-°v- sN-dn-b- I-∏w- \¬-In- hn-t[-b-Xzw-]-I-Sn-∏n-®n-cp-∂p.-

*- -bq-tdm-]y-≥ Ir-Xn-Iƒ- ]-Im-cw- c-Rv-Pn-Xv- kn-Mn-\v- A-£-cm- ym-k-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p.-_m-ey-Im-e-Øv- a-kq-cn- tcm-Kw- ]n-Sn-s]- v-A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- ap-Jw- hn-Ir-X-am-Ip-I-bpw-H-cp- I-Æv- \-jv-S-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂p.- [o-c-\m-b- tbm-≤m-hv,- Hm-P- p-≈- Im-bn-Im- ym-kn- F-∂o- \n-e-I-fn¬- tim- n-®-A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- _p-≤n-Iq¿-a-X-bpw- Hm¿-a-i-‡n-bpw- k-hn-ti-j-am-bn-cp-∂p.-

*- -X-s‚- a-¥n-am-sc-bpw- D-tZym-K-ÿ-sc-bpw-Xn-c-s™-Sp-°p-∂-Xn¬- A-t±-lw- Im-Wn-®- hn-th-Iw- ]-iw-k-\o-b-am-bn-cp-∂p.-tI-c-fo-b-\m-b- i-¶-c-\m-Y- tPm-’y¿- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- a-¥n-am-cn¬- D-∂-X-ÿm-\o-b-\m-bn-cp-∂p.-

*- -c-Rv-Pn-Xv- kn-Mn-s‚- Im-e-Øv- apƒ-´m-≥kn¬-°v- hy-h-km-b-Øn-s‚- ]-[m-\- tI-µ-am-bpw- A-ar-Xv-k¿- H-cp- hm-Wn-Py- tI- sU¬-lu-kn- ]-`p- H-cp- hn-fw-_-c- ]-

Im-cw- ]-©m-_v- ap-gp-h-\pw- _n-ń-jv- km-am-Py-Øn¬- e-bn-∏n-®p.- Zn-eo-]v- kn-Mn-s\- s]-≥j-≥ \¬-In- A-[n-Im-c-`-jv-S-\m-°n.- ]-©m-_n-s‚- e-b-\-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-_n-ń-jv- C-¥y-≥ cm-Pym-Xn¿-Øn- A-^v-Lm-≥ ]¿-h-X-\n-c-Iƒ- h-sc- hn-I-kn-®p.-]-©m-_n-s‚- `-c-W-Øn-\m-bn- k¿- sl-≥dn- tem-d-≥kn-s‚- A-[y-£-X-bn¬- H-cp- I-Ωn-j-≥ \n-b-an-°-s∏- p.- 1853˛¬- Cu-I-Ωn-j-s\- ]n-cn-®p-hn- v- k¿- sl-≥dn- tem-d-≥kn-s\- ]-©m-_n-s‚- No-^v- I-Ωn-j-W-dm-bn- \nb-an-®p.

ap-Kƒ- N-I-h¿-Øn-am-cpw-Im-e-L- -hpw-

_m-_¿- -1526˛-1530

lp-a-bq-¨- -1530˛-1540,- 1555˛-56

A-Iv-_¿- -1556˛-1605

P-lmw-Ko¿- -1605˛-1627

jm-P-lm-≥ -1628˛-1658

Hu-dw-K-ko-_v- -1658˛-1707

]pc-‘¿ k‘n (1665) apK-f¿ (P-bvknMv H∂m-a≥)-˛-in-hPnA-en-\-K¿ k‘n (1757) kndmPv DZv Zuf-˛-tdm-_¿´v ss¢hvAe-l-_mZv k‘n (1765) tdm_¿´v ss¢hv-˛jm Bew c≠m-a≥aZmkv k‘n (1769) _nń-jp-Im¿-˛-ssl-Z-cen]pc-‘¿ k‘n (1776) _nńjpIm¿-˛-a-dm-Ø¿km¬_mbv k‘n (1782) _nńjpIm¿-˛-a-dm-Ø¿awK-em-]pcw k‘n (1784) _nńjpIm¿˛Sn∏p kp¬Øm≥io-cw-K-]-´Ww k‘n (1792) _nńjpIm¿˛Sn∏p kp¬Øm≥emtlm¿ k‘n (1809) _nń-jp-Im¿-˛-kn-Jp-Im¿

µ-am-bpw- D-b¿-∂p.-*- -1839˛¬- c-Rv-Pn-Xv- kn-Mv- ]-£m-Lm-Xw-

Im-c-Ww- a-c-W-s∏-´p.- Xp-S¿-∂v- ]-©m-_n¬- B-`y-¥-c-bp-≤w- s]m-ń-∏p-d-s∏-´p.-c-Rv-Pn-Xv- kn-Mn-s\- ]p-X-≥am-cm-sW-∂p-]-d-™v- ]-e-cpw- A-h-Im-in-I-fm-bn- ap-t∂m-´p-h-∂p.- 1844˛¬- kn-Jv- J¬-k- A-©p- h-b- p-am-Xw- ]m-bw- sN-∂- Zn-eo-]v- kn-Mn-s\- cm-Pm-hm-bn- AwKo-I-cn-®p.

H∂mw knJv bp≤w

2017 s^_p-hcn 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 17

a[y-Ime C¥y

* Ggmw- \q-‰m-≠n¬- sX-t°- C-¥y-bn-em-Wv-(X-an-gv-\m-Sn-s‚-bpw- tI-c-f-Øn-s‚-bpw- `m-K-ßƒ-)- -‡n- ]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚- Xp-S-°w.-I-ta-W- C-Xn-s‚- B-i-b-ßƒ- D-Ø-tc-¥y-bn-te-°pw- hym-]n-®p.-

*- -kp¬-Øm-t\-‰v- Im-e-L- -Øn-em-Wv- D-Ø-tc-¥y-bn¬- -‡n-]-ÿm-\w- h-f¿-∂p- hn-Im-kw- ]m-]n-®-Xv.-

*- - -‡n-]-ÿm-\w- ]-e- tZ-i-ß-fn¬- ]-e- co-Xn-bn-em-Wv- ]-N-cn-®-Xv.- ssh-jv-W-h¿,-ssi-h-hn- m-Kw,- i-‡n- hn- m-Kw- F-∂n-h--‡n-]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚- h-I-t -Z-ß-fm-Wv.-

*- - -K-h-Xv-Ko-X,- `m-K-h-X- ]p-cm-Ww,- ]-Zv-a-]p-cm-Ww- ap-X-em-b-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p- `-‡n-]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚- hn-ip-≤- K-Ÿ-ßƒ.-

*- -I¿-a-am¿-§w,- ⁄m-\-am¿-§w- F-∂n-h-bv-s°m-∏w- B-flo-b- tam-£-Øn-\p-≈- D-]m-[n-bm-bn- -‡n- am¿-K-sØ- -K-h-Xv-Ko-X-\n¿-t±-in-°p-∂p.-

*- -\m-b-\m¿-am¿- in-h-s\-bpw- B-gv-hm¿-am¿-hn-jv-Wp-hn-s\-bpw- B-cm-[n-®p.-

*- -sX-t°- C-¥y-bn-se- 12 B-gv-hm¿- k-∂ym-kn-I-fn¬- G-I- h-\n-X-bm-Wv- B-≠mƒ.-Xn-cp-∏m-ssh,- \m-®n-bm¿,- Xn-cp-sam-gn- F-∂o- ]m-No-\- X-an-gv- Ko-X-kw-ln-X-I-fp-sS-c-N-bn-Xm-hm-Wv- B-≠mƒ.- X-an-gv-\m-Sv- Pn-√-bn-se- cm-a-\m-Y-]p-cw- Pn-√-bn-ep-≈- io-hn-√n-]p-Øq-cn-em-Wv- B-≠mƒ- P-\n-®-Xv.-

*- -a-X-Øn-se-bpw- k-aq-l-Øn-se-bpw- Po¿-W-X-Iƒ- \n¿-Ωm¿-P-\w- sN-øp-I- `-‡n-]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚- e-£y-am-bn-cp-∂p.-

*- -Pm-Xn-hy-h-ÿ,- _-lp-ssZ-h- hn-izm-kw,-_m-“-W-ta-[m-hn-Xzw- F-∂n-h-sb-sb-√mw--‡n-]-ÿm-\-°m¿- hn-a¿-in-®p.-

*- - ‡n-]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚- G-‰-hpw- i-‡-cm-b- h-‡m-°-fm-bn-cp-∂p- I-_o-dpw- Kp-cp-\m-\m-°pw.-

*- -I-_o¿- (1440 -1518)- H-cp- ap-…ow- s\-bv-Øp-Im-c-≥ B-bn-cp-∂p.-

*- -H-tc- k-a-bw- A-≈m-hn-s‚-bpw- io-cm-a-s‚-

1540˛apX¬ 1555 hsc U¬ln Bÿm-\-ambn `cWw \S-Ønb A vKm≥hw-i-P-cmb Hcp ap…nw cmP-hw-i-amWv kq¿hwiw.

tj¿-jm- kq-cn,- C-…mw- jm- kq-cn,- ^n-tdm-kv- jm- kq-cn,- ap-l-Ω-Zv- B-Zn¬-jm,-C-_m-lnw- jm- kq-cn,- ap-l-Ω-Zv- B-Zn¬-jm,- C-_m-lnw- jm- kq-cn,- kn-°-µ¿- jm-kq-cn,- B-Zn¬- jm- F-∂n-h¿- Cu- hw-i-Øn-se- -c-Wm-[n-Im-c-n-I-fm-Wv.

_olm-dnse kkmdw Bbn-cp∂p Xe-ÿm-\w.

Nuk (1539), I\uPv (1540) bp≤-ß-fn¬apKƒ NI-h¿Øn lpa-bq-Wns\ ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Ønb tj¿jm BWv kq¿hwi ÿm]-I≥.

tj¿jm tj¿jm-bpsS as‰mcp t]cmWv

tj¿Jm≥. C∂sØ A^vKm-\n-ÿm≥, ]mIn-

kvXm≥, DØ-tc-¥y F∂nh-bpsS H´p-an° `mK-ßfpw AS-ßp∂ Hcp henb`qhn-`m-K-am-bn -cp -∂p tj¿jm-bpsSkmam-P-yw.

_m_-dns‚ `c-W-Im-eØv _olm-dn¬apKƒ Kh¿Wdm-bn-cp∂ _l¿Jm≥temlm-\n-bpsS ssk\-y-Øn-em-bn-cp∂ptj¿jm tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn-®n-cp-∂-Xv.

1540 apX¬ 1545 hsc-bm -bn -cp∂ptj¿jmbpsS `c-W-Im-ew.

C¥-y-bn¬ cq]-bpsS ap≥Km-an-bmbdp]nb Ah-X-cn-∏n-®Xv tj¿jm BWv.

lpa-bq-Wns‚ Zn≥]\ \Kcw hnI-kn-∏n® tj¿jm AXn\v tj¿KVv F∂vt]cn- p.

Ncn-X-\-K-c-amb ]mS-eo-]p-XsØ hnI-kn -∏n®v ]Sv\ \Kcw ÿm]n -®Xvtj¿jm BWv.

Km-≥Uv- S-¶v- tdm-Uv- \n¿-Ωn-®-Xv- tj¿-jm-bmWv.

kkm-d-an-em-Wv- tj¿-jm-bp-sS- P-\-\w.- b-Ym¿-Y- t]-cv- -co-Zv-Jm-≥.- sN-dp-∏-Im-e-Øv- H-cp- I-Sp-h-sb- h-Ip-h-cp-Øn-b-Xn-\m-em-Wv- _-l¿-Jm-≥ tem-lm-\n,- tj¿-Jm-≥ F-∂- t]-cp- \¬-In-b-Xv.

_l¿-Jm-s‚- a-c-W-ti-jw- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- a-I-≥ P-em¬- Jm-\v- ]m-b-]q¿-Øn-bm-Im-Ø-Xn-\m¬- tj¿-jm- do-P-‚m-bn.-

_olm-dn¬ tj¿jmbpsS kzm-[o\w

h¿≤n-°p-∂Xp I≠v Pem¬ Jm≥_wKm-fnse kz-X¥ kp¬Øm≥ Knbm-kp-±o≥ apl-ΩZv jmbpsS klmbwtXSn. C_mlnw Jms‚ t\Xr-X-z-Øn¬Hcp ssk\-ysØ tj¿jmsb t\cn-Sm≥Knbm-kp-±o≥ jm Ab-®p.

F∂m¬, kqc-PvKVv bp≤-Øn¬ (1534)tj¿jm B ssk\-ysØ ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øn. Aßs\ _olm-dns‚ ]q¿W\nb--¥Ww tj¿jmbv°v e`n-®p.

1538˛¬- tj¿-jm- _w-Kmƒ- B-I-an-®v- Kn-bm-kp-±o-≥ jm-sb- Io-g-S-°n.- ]-t£- lp-a-bq-Wn-s‚- s]-s -∂p-≈- C-S-s]-S¬- Im-c-Ww- _w-Kmƒ- Io-g-S-°m-≥ tj¿-jm-bv-°v- I-gn-™n-√.

1539 -se- Nu-k- bp-≤-Øn¬- lp-a-bq-Wn-s\- tj¿-jm- tXm¬-]n-®p.- 1540 -se- I-\u-Pv- bp-≤-Øn-epw- ]-cm-P-b-s∏- - lp-a-bq- - C-¥y- hn- p-t]m-Im-≥ \n¿-_-‘n-X-\m-bn.

]ptcm-K-a\]c-amb `cWw ImgvN-h-bv°m≥ tj¿jmbv°p Ign-™p. c-W-]-cn-jvImc-ß-fn¬ AIv_-dpsS ap≥KmanF∂mWv tj¿jm Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.

C∂-sØ- ]m-In-kv-Xm-\n-ep-≈- tdm-lv-Xm-

tj¿jmbpw kq¿ hwihpw

`‡n-]-ÿm\wbpw- k-¥-Xn-bm-sW-∂v- Xm-s\-∂v- I-_o¿-D-Zv-tLm-jn-®p.-

*- -_o-P-Iv,- k-Jn-K-Ÿv,- I-_o¿- K-Ÿm-h-en,-A-\p-cm-Kv- km-K¿- F-∂n-h- I-_o-dn-s‚- c-N-\-I-fm-Wv.-

*- -k-a-Im-en-I-\m-bn-cp-∂- cm-am-\-µv- F-∂- I-hn-bpw- I-_o-dn-s‚- A-tX- Nn-¥m-[m-c- h-®p-]p-e¿-Øn-

*- -ln-µp- -ap-…ow- sF-Iy-Øn-s‚- Nn-”-am-bn-I-_o¿- I-W-°m-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.-

*- -I-_o-dn-s‚- A-\p-bm-bn-Iƒ- I-_o¿- ]m-¥v-F-∂-dn-b-s∏- p.-

*- -Kp-cp-\m-\m-°v,- I-_o-dn-s‚- k-tµ-i-ß-fn¬-\n-∂v- ]-tNm-Z-\w- Dƒ-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p.-

*- -hm-cm-W-kn-bn-se- H-cp- _m-“-W- Ip-Spw-_-Øn-em-Wv- ]-Xn-\m-emw- i-X-I-Øn-se-ssh-jv-W- k-∂ym-kn-bm-bn-cp-∂- cm-am-\-µ-≥ P-\n-®-Xv.- -‡n- \n-d-™- \n-c-h-[n-Ko-X-ßƒ- A-t±-lw- c-Nn-®p.-

*- -hn-in-jv-Sm-ssZz-X- Xm-Øzn-I- im-J-bp-sS- ]-[m-\- Kp-cp-hm-b- cm-am-\p-P-≥ F.-Un.-1017˛¬-P-\n-®v- 1137 h-sc- Po-hn-®n-cp-∂-Xm-bn- I-W-°m-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.- sN-ss∂-bv-°-Sp-Øp-≈-io-s]-cpw-]p-Xq¿- Km-a-Øn¬- h-S-a- _m-“-W- Ip-Spw-_-Øn-em-Wv- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚-P-\-\w.- bm-Z-h-]-Im-i¿- B-bn-cp-∂p- cm-am-\p-P-s‚- Kp-cp.-

*- -D-Up-∏n-bv-°-Sp-Øv- ]-P-I- F-∂- ÿ-e-Øv-1238˛¬- B-Wv- a-[zm-Nm-cy¿- P-\n-®-Xv.- _m-ey-Im-e-\m-aw- hm-kp-tZ-h-≥ F-∂m-bn-cp-∂p.-

*- -Ip- n-°m-e-Øp-ap-X¬- B-[ym-fln-I- ta-J-e-bn¬- Xm¬-]-cyw- Im-Wn-®- hm-kp-tZ-h-≥ X-s‚- ]-Xn-s\m-∂mw- h-b- n¬- A-Nyp-X-t]-£¿- F-∂- t]-cp-tI- - k-∂ym-kn-bn¬-\n-∂v- ]q¿-W-]-⁄-≥ F-∂- t]-cn¬-k-∂ym-k-Zo-£- kzo-I-cn-®p.- k-∂ym-kw-kzo-I-cn-®v- H-cp- am-k-Øn-\p-≈n¬- H-cp- kw-Lw- ss\-bm-bn-I-sc- hm-Kzm-Z-Øn¬- tXm¬-]n-®- ]q¿-W-]-⁄¿-°v- A-Nyp-X-t]-£¿,-B-\-µ-Xo¿-Y¿- F-∂- ]- w- \¬-In.- B-\-

µ-Xo¿-Y¿- X-s‚- Ir-Xn-I-fp-sS- c-N-\-bv-°m-bn- kzo-I-cn-®- Xq-en-Im-\m-a-am-Wv- a-[z¿.-

*- -Ko-Xm- m-jyw,- _-lv-a-kq-X- m-jyw- F-∂n-ß-s\- ssZz-X-a-X-Øn-\-Sn-ÿm-\-am-b- \n-c-h-[n- Ir-Xn-Iƒ- c-Nn-®p.-

*- -ssZz-Xm-ssZz-Xw- F-∂- kn-≤m-¥-Øn-s‚- D-]-⁄m-Xm-hm-Wv- ssh-jv-W-k-\ym-kn-bm-bn-cp-∂- \nw-_m¿-°m-Nm-cy.- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- Po-hn-X-Im-e-sØ-°p-dn-®v- hy-Xy-kv-Xm-`n-]m-b-ß-fm-Wp-≈-Xv.- F-¶n-epw,- ]-Xn-\-©mw- \q-‰m-≠n-\p- ap-ºm-Wv- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚-Po-hn-X-Im-ew- F-∂v- A-\p-am-\n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.-C-∂-sØ- B-‘-]-tZ-in-em-Wv- \nw-_m¿-°m-Nm-cy-cp-sS- P-\-\w.- Ir-jv-W-s\-bpw- cm-[-sb-bp-am-Wv- \nw-_m¿-°m-Nm-cy¿- B-cm-[n-®n-cp-∂-Xv.- kz-bw- k-a¿-∏-W-am-Wv- b-Ym¿-Y- -‡n- F-∂v- A-t±-lw- kn-≤m-¥n-®p.-

*- -A-ssZz-X- kn-≤m-¥-Øn¬- \n-∂v- hn- n-∂-am-b- ip-≤m-ssZz-X- kn-≤m-¥-Øn-s‚- ]-tbm-‡m-hm-bn-cp-∂p- h-√- m-Nm-cy¿.-

*- -sX-ep-¶v- ssh-Zn-I- _m-“-W-cm-bn-cp-∂p- h-√- m-Nm-cy-cp-sS- am-Xm-]n-Xm-°ƒ.- 1479˛¬-C-∂-sØ- dm-bv-]q-cn-\v- k-ao-]-am-Wv- P-\-\w.-

*- -A-\p- m-jyw,- io-a-Zv- m-K-h-Xw- Xp-S-ßn- \n-c-h-[n- -‡n-am¿-K- K-Ÿ-ßƒ- c-Nn-®p.-

*- -Ir-jv-W-tZ-h-cm-b-cp-sS- k-Z- n¬- h-®v- _-“-hm-Zw- F-∂- ]-kn-≤-am-b- X¿-°-Øn¬-h-√- m-Nm-cy¿- hn-P-bn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.-

*- -a-lm-cm-jv-S-bn-se- H-cp- k-\ym-kn-bm-bn-cp-∂p- ⁄m-t\-iz-c-≥.-

*- -km-[m-c-W- P-\-Øn-\pw- a-\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n- ⁄m-t\-iz-c-≥ -K-h-Xv-Ko-X-bp-sS- H-cp- `m-jyw- a-dm-Ø- `m-j-bn¬- X-øm-dm-°n.-

*- -⁄m-t\-iz-c-s‚- in-jy-\m-bn-cp-∂p- \mw-tZ-h-≥ H-cp- A-_m-“-W-\m-bn-cp-∂p.- Xp-∂-em-bn-cp-∂p.- A-t±-j-Øn-s‚- sXm-gn¬.-

*- -ssh-jv-W-h- X-Øz-Nn-¥-I-fm¬- kzm-[o-\w-Dƒ-s°m-≠-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p- \mw-tZ-h-s‚- c-N-\-Iƒ.- hn-tTm- -tbm-Sp-≈- -‡n- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- Ir-Xn-I-fn¬- ]-I-S-am-Wv.-

*- -ln-µp-a-X-Øn-se- h¿-°m-cn- k-∂ym-knhn-`m-K-Øn-se- ]-ap-J-\m-bn-cp-∂- \mw-tZ-hn-s\-kn-Jp-Im-cpw- _-lp-am-\n-°p-∂p.-

*- -1270 -1350 Im-e-b-f-hn¬- A-t±-lw- Po-hn-®n-cp-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv- s]m-Xp-sh-bp-≈- \n-K-a-\w.-

*- -`-‡n-]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚- D-]-⁄m-Xm-°-fn¬- H-cm-fm-bn-cp-∂p- -‡-I-hn-bm-bn-cp-∂-Xp-f-ko-Zm-kv.-

*- -1540˛¬- D-Ø¿-]-tZ-in-se- _m-‘m- Pn-√-bn-se- cm-Pm-∏q¿- Km-a-Øn-em-Wv- Xp-f-ko-Zm-kv- P-\n-®-sX-∂v- I-cp-X-s∏-Sp-∂p.-

*- -Xp-f-kn-Zm-kn-s‚- G-‰-hpw- ti-jv-T-am-b- c-N-\-bm-Wv- cm-am-b-W-Øn-s‚- ln-µn- ]-cn-`m-j-bm-b- cm-a-N-cn-X-am-\-kv.- hn-\-b-]-Xn-I,- I-hn-Xm-h-en,- Ko-Xm-h-en,- l-\p-am-≥ Nm-en-k,- t`m-lm-h-en,- Ir-jv-W-Ko-Xm-h-en- F-∂n-h-bm-Wv- a-‰p- ]-[m-\- Ir-Xn-Iƒ.-

*- -Xp-f-kn-Zm-kn-s‚- A-¥yw- 1623˛¬- B-bn-cp-∂p.-

*- -ssh-jv-W-h- k-∂ym-kn-am-cn¬- G-‰-hpw- ]-i-kv-X-\m-b- ssN-X-\y- P-\n-®-Xv- _w-Km-fn¬-Kw-Km-Xo-c-Øp-≈- \-h-Zzo-]n¬- am-b-∏q-cn-em-Wv.- 1486˛¬- P-\n-®- A-t±-lw- 48˛mw- h-b- n¬-]p-cn-bn¬- h-®v- kz-bw- A-]-Xy-£-\m-hp-I-bm-Wp-≠m-b-Xv- F-∂v- hn-iz-kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.-

*- -a-lm-cm-jv-S-bn-se- ]q-s\-bv-°-Sp-Øv- tZ-lp-F-∂- Km-a-Øn¬- 1598 -tem- 1608 -tem- B-Wv- Xp-°m-dm-an-s‚- P-\-\w- F-∂p- I-cp-X-s∏-Sp-∂p.- 1649/-1650˛¬- A-¥-cn-®p.-

*- -B-flo-b- hn-Zym- ym-k-Øn-\p-th-≠n- in-h-Pn-sb- cmw-Zm-kn-\v- ]-cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-Ø-Xv- Xp-°m-dmw- B-Wv.-

*- -in-h-Pn-bp-sS- B-flo-b- Kp-cp-hm-b- cmw-Zm-kv- P-\n-®-Xv- a-lm-cm-jv-S-bn¬- Pw-_v- Km-a-Øn-em-Wv.- 1608 -se- cm-a-\-h-an-bn¬- P-\n-®p.- 1681˛¬- A-¥-cn-®p.-

*- -Ir-jv-W- -‡-bm-b- ao-c- F-∂- c-P-]p-X- cm-P-Ip-am-cn- P-\n-®-Xv- 1498˛¬- cm-P-ÿm-\n-se-]m-en- Pn-√-bn-se- Ip¿-°n-bn-em-Wv.- 1546˛¬-Kp-P-dm-Øn-se- Zzm-c-I-bn¬- Zn-hw-K-X-bm-bn.-

kv- tIm- -bpw- t -c- F-∂- \-K-c-hpw- \n¿-an-®-Xv- tj¿-jm-bm-Wv.

1545 sabv 22˛\v Ien-RvPm¿ tIm´ IogS-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ bp≤-Øn¬ D≠mb HcpA]-I-S-sØ-Øp-S¿∂v tj¿jm ac-W-a-S-™p. kkm-d-anse Hcp IrXna XSm-I-Øn-emWv ih-Ip-So-cw.

tj¿-jm-bp-sS- ]n-≥Km-an-bm-b-Xv- C-…mw- jm-kq-cn- B-Wv.- 1545 sa-bv- 26 ap-X¬- 1554 \-hw-_¿- 22 h-sc- -cn-®- C-t±-lw- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- Im-ew- -cn-®- kq¿- hw-i-P-\m-Wv.-

1555˛¬ lpa-bq¨ C¥-y-bn¬ Xncn-s®Øn Zp¿_e-\mb kq¿ `c-Wm-[n-Im-cnbmb kn°-µ¿jmsb kn¿lnµn¬h®p-≠mb G‰p-ap-´-en¬ tXm¬∏n-°p-Ibpw U¬ln- -BKm ]tZ-i-ßƒ Xncn-®p-]n-Sn®v apKƒ cWw ]p\:-ÿm-]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

kq¿ hwi-Ønse Ah-km-\-sØbpwGgmasØbpw kp¬Øm-\m-bn-cp∂pBZn¬ jm. Ct±l-Øns‚ ]S-Ø-e-h-\m-bn-cp∂ slap (tl-a-N-µ -`m¿K-h)\bn® tk\sbbmWv c≠mw ]m\n-∏- p-bp-≤-Øn¬ (1556) ss_dmw Jm≥ \bn®apKƒ tk\ ]cm-Pb-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv.

18 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2017 s^_p-hcn- 15

C¥-y-bpsS apØp-IƒB[p-\nI C¥yPK-Zojv Nµ-t_m-kv (1858-˛1937)

* ùXnI-im-kv-X- Po-h-im-kv-X- ta-J-e-Ifn¬- K-Wy-am-b- kw- m-h-\-Iƒ- \¬-In-b- ]-K-ev- - im-kv-X-⁄-\m-Wv- P-K-Zo-jv-N-µ-t_m-kv.-

*- -_n- n-jv- C-¥y-bn¬- C-∂-sØ- _w-•m-tZ-in¬- ap-≥jn-K-©v- Pn-√-bn¬- 1858 \-hw-_¿-30 -\v- P-\n-®p.-

*- -1879˛¬- I¬-°- m- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bn¬- \n-∂v- _n.-F-kv.-kn.- _n-cp-Zw- t\-Sn.- ]n-∂o-Sv-Cw-•-≠n¬- ssh-Zy-im-kv-Xw- ]-Tn-®p-Xp-S-ßn.- Xp-S¿-∂v- tIw-_n-Uv-Pn¬- tN¿-∂v-k-b-≥kv- ]-Tn-°m-≥ B-cw- n-®p.-

*- -td-Un-tbm- im-kv-X-Øn-s‚- ]n-Xm-hv- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- sP.-kn.-t_m-kv- B-Wv- k-ky-ßƒ-°v- Po-h-\p-s≠-∂v- sX-fn-bn-®-Xv.-

*- -k-ky-ß-fp-sS- h-f¿-®- A-f-°p-∂-Xn-\p-≈-D-]-I-c-W-am-b- sI-kv-tIm-Km- v- I-≠p-]n-Sn-®-Xv- sP.-kn.-t_m-kv- B-Wv.-

*- -h-b¿-se-kv- sS-e-Km- n-sb- kw-_-‘n-®-]-co-£-W-ßƒ- hn-P-b-I-c-am-bn- \-S-Øn-b-t_m-kv- td-Un-tbm- X-cw-K-ßƒ- ]-Im-i-Øn-s‚- th-K-Øn¬- k-©-cn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-I-s≠-Øn.-

*- -sIm¬-°-Ø- ]-kn-U-≥kn- tIm-tf-Pn¬-ù-Xn-I-im-kv-X- A-[ym-]-I-\m-b- B-Zy- C-¥y-°m-c-≥ t_m-kv- B-bn-cp-∂p.-

*- -sIm¬-°-Ø-bn-se- t_m-kv- C-≥Ãn-‰yq- n-s‚- ÿm-]-I-\m-b- C-t±-l-Øn-\v- 1916˛¬-_n- o-jv- k¿-°m-cn¬- \n-∂v- k¿- ÿm-\w-e- n-®p.- 1920˛¬- tdm-b¬- skm-ssk-‰n-bn¬-s -tem- B-bn.-

*- -1937 \-hw-_¿- 23 - \v- A-¥-cn-®p.

]^p√ Nµtd (1861˛1944)* C¥y-≥ cm-k-hy-h-km-b-Øn-s‚- ]n-Xm-hv-

F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- ]- p-√- N-µ- td- ]-Wv-Un-X-≥,- c-k-X-¥-⁄-≥,- hy-h-km-b- kw-c- -I-≥ F-∂o- \n-e-I-fn¬- X-s‚- I¿-a-ti-jn- sX-fn-bn-®p.-

*- -1861 Hm-K-Ãv- c-≠n-\v- ]-g-b- _w-Km-fn-se-Jp¬-\-bn¬- P-\n-®p.-

*- -F-Un-≥_-tdm- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bn¬- \n-∂v-1887˛¬- Un.-F-kv.-kn.- ]m-km-bn.- C-¥y-bn¬- Xn-cn-sI-sb-Øn- sIm¬-°-Ø- ]-kn-U-≥kn- tIm-tf-Pn¬- A-[ym-]-I-\m-bn.-1889 ap-X¬- 1916˛¬- ]n-cn-bpw-h-sc- 27 h¿-jw- A-hn-sS- Xp-S¿-∂- A-t±-lw- an-I-®- A-[ym-]-I-s\-∂- \n-e-bn¬- ]-kn-≤n-t\-Sn.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ- a-cp-∂p- \n¿-am-W-I-º-\n-bm-b- _w-Kmƒ- sI-an-°¬-kv- B-

≥Uv- m¿-a-kyq- n-°¬-kv- ÿm-]n-®-Xv- ]n.-kn.-td- B-Wv.-

*- -1919˛¬- _n- o-jv- k¿-°m¿- td-bv-°v- k¿-ÿm-\w- \¬-In.- 1924˛¬- td- C-¥y-≥ sI-an-°¬- skm-ssk-‰n-bp-sS- ÿm-]-I- ]-kn-U-‚m-bn- Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏- p.-

*- -t_m-kv- -td- -cm-a-≥ Iq- p-sI- m-Wv- C-¥y-bn¬- im-kv-X- K-th-j-W-Øn-\v- A-Sn-Ø-d- ]m-In-b-Xv.-

*- -td-bp-sS- B-fl-I-Y-bp-sS- H-∂mw- m-K-am-b-H-cp- _w-Km-fn- c-k-X-¥-⁄-s‚- Po-hn-X-hpw- A-\p- -h-ß-fpw- 1932˛¬- ]-kn-≤o-I-cn-®p.- aq-∂p-h¿-j-Øn-\p-ti-jw- c-≠mw- m-K-hpw- ]p-d-Øp-h-∂p.-

*- -e-fn-X-Po-hn-X-Øn-\p-S-a-bm-b- H-cp- h-en-b- a-\p-jy-kv-t\-ln- B-bn-cp-∂p- td.- F-√m-h-cpw- A-t±-l-sØ- B-Nm-cy- F-∂m-Wv- hn-fn-®n-cp-∂-Xv.-

*- -c-k-X-¥- K-th-j-W-ßƒ-°p-≈- \m-Km¿-Pp-\- ss]-kpw- Po-h-im-kv-X- K-th-j-W-ßƒ-°p-≈- A-ip-tXm-jv- ap-J¿-Pn- ss]-kpw- ÿm-]n-®-Xv- td- B-Wv.-

*- -ln-µp-c-k-X-¥-Øn-s‚- N-cn-Xw- F-∂- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- ]-kn-≤- K-Ÿw- C-¥y-≥ tZ-io-b- ]-ÿm-\-Øn-\v- B-th-iw- ]-I¿-∂p.-

*- -1934˛¬- e-≠-≥ sI-an-°¬- skm-ssk-‰n-bp-sS- Hm-W-d-dn- s -tem- B-bn- Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏- - td-bp-sS- \n-cym-Ww- 1944 Pq- -16 - \v- Bbn-cp-∂p.

io\n-hmk cmam-\p-P≥ (1887˛1920)* B[p-\n-I- C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- ]-Xn- m-

[-\-\m-b- K-Wn-X- im-kv-X-⁄-\m-bn- hn-e-bn-cp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂- hy-‡n-bm-Wv- io-\n-hm-k- cm-am-\p-P-≥.-

*- -X-an-gv-\m- n-se- Cu-tdm-Un-em-Wv- 1887 Un-kw-_¿- 22 -\v- io-\n-hm-k- cm-am-\p-P-≥ P-\n-®-Xv.-

*- -a-Zm-kv- A-°u-≠v-kv- P-\-d¬- Hm- o-kn¬-Kp-a-kv-X-\m-bn- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- Po-hn-Xw- B-cw- n-®p.-

*- -cm-am-\p-P-s\- e-≠-\n-te-°v- £-Wn-®- ]-i-kv-X- K-Wn-X-im-kv-X-⁄-\m-Wv- Pn.-F-®v.-lm¿-Un.- A-t±-lw- cm-am-\p-P-\v- Kp-cp-hpw- h-gn-Im- n-bpw- kp-lr-Øp-sa-√mw- B-bn.-

*- -A-Sn-ÿm-\- hn-Zym- ym-k-an-√m-Xn-cp-∂n- pw-tIw-_n-Uv-Pv- k¿-h-I-em-im-e- cm-am-\p-P-\v- tUm-Iv-S-td-‰n-\v- Xp-ey-am-b- _m-®n-e¿- Hm-

v- k-b-≥kv- ss_- dn-k¿-®v- _n-cp-Zw- \¬-In- (1916).-

*- -1918˛¬- tdm-b¬- skm-ssk-‰n- s -tem-jn-∏v- e- n-®p.- B- h¿-jw-X-s∂- tIw-_n-Uv-Pn-se- Sn-\n-‰n- tIm-tf-Pn¬- s -tem- B-bn- Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏- p.- B- ÿm-\-Øv-F-Øn-b- B-Zy- C-¥y-°m-c-≥.-

*- -cm-am-\p-P-≥ -lm¿-Un- kw-Jy- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- 1729 B-Wv.- c-≠v- L-\-ß-fp-sS-(Iyq-_v-)- Xp-I-bm-bn- F-gp-Xm-≥ I-gn-bp-∂-G-‰-hpw- sN-dn-b- kw-Jy-bm-Wv- 1729 F-∂v-I-s≠-Øn-b-Xv- cm-am-\p-P-\m-Wv.-

*- -B-tcm-Kyw- tam-i-am-b-Xn-s\-Øp-S¿-∂v-1919˛¬- cm-am-\p-P-≥ C-¥y-bn-te-°v- a-S-ßn.1920 G-]n¬- 26 -\v- A-t±-lw- A-¥-cn-®p.-

*- -Pn.-F-®v.-lm¿-Un-bp-sS- A-`n-]m-b-Øn¬-tKm-kv,- Hm-bn-e¿,- tIm-®n,- \yq- - ,- B¿-

°-an-Un-kv- Xp-S-ßn- hn-ip-X- K-Wn-X-⁄-cp-sS- Iq- -Øn¬-s∏-Sp-Øm-hp-∂- ]-Xn- -bm-bn-cp-∂p- cm-am-\p-P-≥.-

*- -cm-am-\p-P-s‚- 125˛mw- P-∑-hm¿-jn-I-Øn-s‚-Hm¿-a-bv-°m-bn- 2012 tZ-io-b- K-Wn-X- im-kv-X- h¿-j-am-bn- B-N-cn-®p.-

*- -cm-am-\p-P-s‚- P-∑-Zn-\-am-b- Un-kw-_¿- 22tZ-io-b- K-Wn-X-im-kv-X- Zn-\-am-bn- B-N-cn-°p-∂p.-

*- -Ipw- -tIm-W-Øv- km-cw-K-]m-Wn- t£-X-Øn-\-Sp-Øv- cm-am-\p-P-≥ Xm-a-kn-®n-cp-∂-ho-Sv- ayq-kn-bw- B-bn- kq-£n-°p-∂-p.

kn.-hn. -cm-a≥ (1888˛1970)* Ccp-]-Xmw- \q-‰m-≠n-se- tem-I- ]-i-kv-X-

cm-b- `m-c-Xo-b- im-kv-X-⁄-cn¬- ]-ap-J-\m-b- kn.-hn.-cm-a-≥ im-kv-X-Øn¬- s\m-t_¬- k-Ωm-\w- t\-Sn-b- B-Zy- G-jy-°m-c-\m-Wv- (1930).-

*- -cm-a-≥ ]-`m-hw- F-∂- I-s≠-Ø-en-\v-1930˛¬- B-Wv- u-Xn-I-im-kv-X- s\m-t_-en-\¿-l-\m-b-Xv.-

*- -1888 \-hw-_¿- G-gn-\v- X-an-gv-\m- n-se- X-©m-hq¿- Pn-√-bn¬- N-µ-ti-J-c- A-ø-cp-sS-bpw- ]m¿-h-Xn- A-Ωm-fp-sS-bpw- a-I-\m-bn-P-\n-®p.-

*- -1904˛¬- a-Zm-kv- ]-kn-U-≥kn- tIm-tf-Pn¬-\n-∂v- Cw-•o-jn-epw- u-Xn-I-im-kv-X-Øn-epw-kz¿-W-sa-U-ep-Iƒ- t\-Sn-s°m-≠v- _n-cp-Zw-H-∂m-a-\m-bn- hn-P-bn-®p.- 1907˛¬- A-tX-tIm-tf-Pn¬- \n-∂v- u-Xn-I-im-kv-Øn¬- _n-cp-Zm-\-¥-c- _n-cp-Zw- ]m-km-bn.- X-s‚- kp-lr-Øpw- Xn-tbm-k- n-Ãp-am-b- cm-a-kzm-an-bp-sS- _-‘p-hm-b- tem-I- kp-µ-cn- F-∂-s]- -Ip- n-bp-am-bn- ]-W-b-Øn-em-b- cm-a-≥ A-h-sc- hn-hm-lw- I-gn-®p.-

*- -1907 Pq-Wn¬- sIm¬-°-Ø-bn¬- A-°u-≠-‚ v- P-\-d¬- Hm- o-kn¬- tPm-en-bn¬- ]-th-in-®p.- C-tX- k-a-bw- A-t±-lw- K-th-j-W- ]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fpw- Xp-S¿-∂p.-

*- -1912˛¬- I-gv-k-¨- dn-k¿-®v- ss]-kpw-1913˛¬- hp-Uv-t_-¨- dn-k¿-®v- sa-U-epw-e-`n-®p.-

*- -G-sd- Xm-a-kn-bm-sX- I¬-°- - k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bn-se- s]m- -k-dm-bn- \n-b-an-X-\m-bn.-

*- -1921˛¬- A-t±-lw- B-Zy-am-bn- Cw-•-≠n-te-°v- bm-X- \-S-Øn.- H-Iv-kv- -Un¬- h-®v-

sP.-sP.-tXmw-k- ,- _m-Kv,- dq-Y¿-t^m¿-Uv- F-∂n-h-sc- ]-cn-N-b-s∏- p.-

*- -Cw-•-≠n¬- \n-∂v- Xn-cn-sI-bp-≈- bm-X- N-cn-X- ]-kn-≤-am-b- I-≠p-]n-Sn-Ø-Øn-\v- h-gn-sX-fn-®p.- a-[y-[-c-Wym-gn-bn-eq-sS-bp-≈-B- I-∏¬- bm-X-bn¬- k-ap-Z-Øn-s‚- \o-e-\n-d-Øn-s\-°p-dn-®v- A-t\z-jn-°p-∂-Xn¬-A-t±-l-Øn-\v- Xm-ev-]-cyw- D-f-hm-bn.- A-ß-s\- ]-Im-i-Øn-s‚- hn-k-c-Ww- F-∂-]-Xn- m-k-sØ-°p-dn-®v- ]-Tn-°m-\pw- A-Xp-h-gn- cm-a-≥ ]- m-hw- F-∂- I-s≠-Ø-en-\v-Xp-S-°w- Ip-dn-°m-\pw- I-gn-™p.-

*- -1924˛¬- Cw-•-≠n-se- tdm-b¬- skm-ssk-‰n-bn-se- Aw-K-am-bn- cm-a-≥ Xn-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏- p.-

*- -1929˛¬- _n- -Wn¬- \n-∂v- k¿- _-lp-a-Xn-e- n-®p.-

*- -1948˛¬- C-¥y-≥ C-≥Ãn-‰yq- v- Hm- v- k-b-≥kn¬- \n-∂v- hn-c-an-®p.- A-Xn-\p-ti-jw-_w-K-ep-cp-hn¬- A-t±-lw- cm-a-≥ dn-k¿-®v-C-≥Ãn-‰yq- v- ÿm-]n-°p-I-bpw- a-c-Ww-h-sc-A-Xn-s‚- U-b-d-Iv-S-dm-bn- ]-h¿-Øn-°-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.-

*- -1954˛¬- `m-c-X-c-Xv-\w- e- n-®p.- B- _-lp-a-Xn-°v- A¿-l-\m-b- B-Zy- im-kv-X-⁄-≥.-

*- -1970 \-hw-_¿- 21 -\v- A-¥-cn-®p.-*- -\n-›-bn-®p-d-∏n-®- ]-Im-cw- cm-a-≥ dn-k¿-®v- C-

≥Ãn-‰yq- n¬- A-t±-l-sØ- kw-kv-I-cn-®-p.

_o¿_¬ km”n (1891˛1949)* eIv\uhn-se- _o¿-_¬- km-”n- C-≥Ãn-

‰yq- v- Hm- v- ]m-en-tbm- t_m- -Wn-bp-sS- ÿm-]-I-\m-Wv- _o¿-_¬- km-”n.- m-c-X-Øn¬-C-Ø-c-Øn-ep-≈- ]-Y-a- ÿm-]-\-am-Wn-Xv.-

*- -G-‰-hpw- D-b¿-∂- _n- o-jv- im-kv-X- _-lp-a-Xn-bm-b- s -tem- Hm- v- tdm-b¬- skm-ssk-‰n- Hm- v- e-≠-≥ t\-Sn-b- B-Zy- `m-c-Xo-b- k-ky-im-kv-X-⁄-\m-Wv- km-”n.-

*- -]-›n-a- ]-©m-_n-se- k-l-d-≥]q¿- Pn-√-bn¬- s_-lv-d-bn¬- 1891 \-hw-_¿- 14 -\v- P-\n-®p.-

*- -1914˛¬- tIw-_n-Uv-Pn-se- C-Ωm-\p-h¬- tIm-tf-Pn¬- ]-T-\w- ]q¿-Øn-bm-°n.- ]n-∂o-Sv-s]m- .-F.-kn.- sk-h¿- n-s‚- Io-gn¬- ]-T-\w- Xp-S¿-∂p.-

*- -1919˛¬- e-≠-≥ k¿-∆-I-em-im-e- Un.-F-kv.-kn.- _n-cp-Zw- \¬-In- B-Z-cn-®p.-

*- -1947˛¬- G-]n¬- 10 -\v- A-¥-cn-®p.

]n. -kn. -a-l-e-t\m-_nkv (1893˛1972)* `mc-Xo-b- ÿn-Xn-hn-h-c- im-kv-X-Øn-s‚- ]n-

Xm-hm-b- ]-im-¥- N-µ- a-l-e-t\m-_n-kv-B-Wv- sIm¬-°-Ø-bn-se- C-¥y-≥ Ãm-‰n-Ãn-°¬- C-≥Ãn-‰yq- v- ÿm-]n-®-Xv.-

*- -C-∂-sØ- _w-•m-tZ-in-se- _n-Iw-]q-cn¬-1893 Pq- - 29 -\v- P-\n-®p.- C-t±-l-Øn-s‚-P-∑-Zn-\w- C-¥y-bn¬- tZ-io-b- ÿn-Xn-hn-h-c-I-W-°v- Zn-\-am-bn- B-N-cn-°p-∂p.-

*- -tIw-_n-Uv-Pv- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bn¬-\n-∂v-ù-Xn-I- im-kv-X-Øn¬- Hm-tW-gv-kv- _n-cp-Zw- t\-Sn.-

*- -ÿn-Xn-hn-h-c- im-kv-X-Øn-\v- K-Wy-am-b-kw- m-h-\-Iƒ- \¬-In.- C-¥ym- K-h- -sa-‚n-s‚- Ãm-‰n-Ãn-°¬- D-]-tZ-jv-Sm-hv,- B-kq-X-W- I-Ωn-j-≥ Aw-Kw- F-∂o- \n-e-I-fn¬-

2017 s^_p-hcn 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 19

]-h¿-Øn-®p.- 1968˛¬- ]-Zv-a- q-j- - \¬-In- cm-jv-S-w BZ-cn-®p.

* 1972 Pq¨ 28˛\v A¥-cn-®p.

taL-\mYv kml (1893˛1956)* C∂-sØ- _w-•m-tZ-in-se- [m-°-bv-°v- 45

In.-ao.- A-I-se- in-h-Xm-cm-fn- Km-a-Øn¬-1893 H-Iv-tSm-_¿- B-dn-\v- P-\n-®p.-

*- -tIm-tf-Pv- hn-Zym- ym-kw- I¬-°- - ]-kn-U-≥kn- tIm-tf-Pn¬.- A-hn-sS- c-k-X-¥-Øn¬- ]n.-kn.-td-bpw- ù-Xn-I- im-kv-X-Øn¬- sP.-kn.-t_m-kpw- A-[ym-]-I¿.- k-tXy-µ-\m-Yv- t_m-kpw- ]n.-F-kn.- a-l-e-t\m-_n-kpw- k-l-]m-Tn-Iƒ.-

*- -km-l-bp-sS- Xm-]- A-b-Wo-I-c-W- k-a-hm-bw- F-∂- I-≠p-]n-Sn-Øw- B-kv-tSm- n-kn-Iv-kn-se- H-cp- ]-[m-\- kw- -h-am-bn- I-cp-Xp-∂p.-

*- -1938˛¬- ]-Wv-Un-‰v- P-hm-l¿-em¬- s\-lp- A-[y-£-\m-bn- cq-]w-sIm-Sp-Ø- tZ-io-b- πm-\n-ßv- I-Ωn-‰n-bn-se- k-Po-hmw-Kw.- 1934˛¬- C-¥y-≥ k-b-≥kv- tIm- -K-kv- A-[y-£-≥

*- -1952 -se- Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬- kz-X-¥-\m-bn-a-’-cn-®v- an-I-®- q-cn-]-£-tØm-sS- ]m¿-e-

sa-‚w-K-am-bn.-*- -1929˛¬- s\m-t_¬- k-Ωm-\-Øn-\v- \m-a-\n¿-

t±-iw- sN-ø-s∏-s -¶n-epw- ]-cn-K-Wn-°-s∏-ń-√.- Xp-S¿-∂v- ]-e- ]m-h-iyw- C-Xv- B-h¿-Øn-®p.-

*- -Zm-tam-Z¿- hm-en- t]m-P-Iv-Sn-\v- b-Ym¿-∞- cq-]-tc-J- X-øm-dm-°n-b-Xv- km-l-bm-Wv.-

*- -1956 s -_p-h-cn- 16 -\v- A-¥-cn-®p.

ktX-y -µ-\mYv t_mkv (1894˛1974)* Zhy-Øn-s‚- A-©m-a-sØ- A-h-ÿ-bm-b-

t_m-kv- -sF-≥Ão-≥ I-≠-≥tk-‰v- \m-a-I-c-Ww- sN-bv-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xv- k-tXy-µ-\m-Yv-t_m-kv,- B¬-_¿- v- sF-≥Ão-≥ F-∂n-h-cp-sS- kv-a-c-Wm¿-∞-am-Wv.-

*- -k-_v- A-t‰m-an-Iv- I-W-am-b- t_m-tkm-Wp-Iƒ- A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xpw- F-kv.-F-≥.- t_m-kn-s‚- t]-cn-em-Wv.- u-Xn-I- im-kv-X-⁄-\m-b- t]mƒ- Un-dm-°v- B-Wv- Cu- t]-cn-s‚- D-]-⁄m-Xm-hv.-

*- -1894 P-\p-h-cn- H-∂n-\v- sIm¬-°-Ø-bn-se-tKm-hm-_m-K-\n-em-Wv- t_m-kn-s‚- P-\-\w.-sIm¬-°-Ø-bn-se- ]-kn-U-≥kn- tIm-tf-Pn¬- \n-∂v- H-∂mw- dm-t¶m-sS- Fw.-F-kv.-kn.- ]m-km-bn.-

*- -1917˛¬- t_m-kpw- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- k-l-]m-Tn- ta-L-\m-Yv- km-l-bpw- I¬-°- - k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bn¬- A-[y-]-I-cm-bn- tN¿-∂p.-]n-∂o-S-t±-lw- ]p-Xp-Xm-bn- cq-]w- sIm-≠-[m-°- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bn¬- u-Xn-I-im-kv-Xw- A-[y-]-I-\m-bn- (1921).-

*- -1924˛¬- ]-Øp-am-k-°m-ew- am-Uw- Iyq-dn-bp-am-bn- tN¿-∂v- K-th-j-Ww- \-S-Øp-∂-Xn-

\p-≈- kv-tIm-f¿-jn-∏v- [m-°- k¿-h-I-em-im-e- A-\p-h-Zn-®p.- C-Xv- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚-Po-hn-X-Øn-se- H-cp- \m-gn-I-°-√m-bn-cp-∂p.-Xp-S¿-∂v- t_m-kv- s_¿-en-\n¬- h-®v- sF-≥Ão-s\- k-µ¿-in-®p.- u-Xn-I-im-kv-X- ta-J-e-bn¬- i-t≤-b-am-b- \n-c-h-[n- kw- m-h-\-Iƒ- t_m-kn¬- \n-∂p-≠m-bn.-

*- -1944˛¬- C-¥y-≥ k-b-≥kv- tIm- -K-kv-A-[y-£-\-mbn Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´p.1958˛¬ tdmb¬ skmssk-‰n-bn¬ AwK-am-bn. `mcX k¿°m¿ tZiob s]m -k¿ ]Zhn \¬In BZ-cn-®p.

* 1974 s^_p-hcn \men\v A¥-cn-®p.

im¥n-k-z -cq]v `Sv\-K¿ (1894˛1955)* C¥y-≥ im-kv-X- km-t¶-Xn-I- K-th-j-W-

im-e-I-fp-sS- ]n-Xm-hv- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- im-¥n-kz-cq-]v- -Sv-\-K¿- ]-K-ev- -\m-b- im-kv-X-⁄-s\-∂- \n-e-bn¬- ]-c-s°- Aw-Ko-I-cn-°-s∏- -bm-fm-Wv.- A-t±-l-Øn-s‚- kv-a-c-Wm¿-∞-am-Wv- kn.-F-kv.-sF.-B¿.- (Iu- -kn¬- t^m¿- k-b-‚n- n-Iv- dn-k¿-®v- C-≥C-¥y-)- an-I-®- im-kv-X-⁄¿-°v- \¬-Ip-∂- ]p-c-kv-Im-c-Øn-\v- -Sv-\-K¿- A-hm¿-Uv-F-∂v- \m-a-I-c-Ww- sN-bv-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.-

*- -C-t∏mƒ- ]m-In-kv-Xm-\n¬- ÿn-Xn- sN-øp-∂- ]-©m-_v- ]-tZ-i-sØ- jm-]q¿- Pn-√-bn-se- t -c- F-∂- ÿ-e-Øv- 1894 s -_p-h-cn- 21 -\v- P-\n-®p.-

*- -1919˛¬- c-k-X-¥-Øn¬- _n-cp-Zm-\-¥-c- _n-cp-Zw- t\-Sn-b-ti-jw- kv-tIm-f¿-jn-t∏m-sS-D-]-cn-]-T-\-Øn-\m-bn- e-≠-\n-se-Øn.-

*- -1921˛¬- e-≠-≥ k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bn¬- \n-∂v- tUm-Iv-S-td-‰v.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se-Øn-b- ti-jw- _-\m-d-kv- ln-

µp- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bn¬- s]m- -k-dm-bn-tN¿-∂p.-

*- -1928˛¬- Im-¥n-I-kz- m-hw- A-f-°p-∂-Xn-\v-_n.-F-≥.-am-Øq-dp-am-bn- tN¿-∂v- -Sv-\-K¿- -am-Øq¿- am-·-‰n-Iv- C-‚¿-s -d-≥kv- _m-e-≥kv-F-∂- D-]-I-c-Ww- hn-I-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-Øp.-

*- -1940˛¬- _n- o-jv- k¿-°m¿- cq-]-h-Xv-I-cn-®- im-kv-X- hy-h-km-b- K-th-j-W- t_m¿-Un-s‚- A-[y-£-\m-bn.-

*- -1941˛¬- k¿- _-lp-a-Xn- e- n-®p.-*- -1942˛¬- -Sv-\-K-dn-s‚- t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬- Iu-

-kn¬- t^m¿- k-b-‚n- n-Iv- B-≥Uv- C-≥U-kv-Sn-b¬- dn-k¿-®v- F-∂- ÿm-]-\w-cq-]o-Ir-X-am-bn.-

*- -1943˛¬- tdm-b¬- skm-ssk-‰n-bn¬- Aw-K-am-bn.-

*- -1947˛¬- tI-µ- am-\-h- hn- -h-ti-jn- a-¥m-e-b-Øn¬- K-th-j-W- hn- m-Kw- sk-I- -dn-bm-bn.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se- D-∂-X- hn-Zym- ym-k- ]-h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ- G-tIm-]n-∏n-°m-\pw- Kp-W-\n-e-hm-cw-D-b¿-Øp-∂-Xn-\p-am-bn- B-cw- n-®- bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-‰n- Km-‚ v-kv- I-Ωn-j-s‚- (bp.-Pn.-kn.-)- B-Zy- A-[y-£-≥ -Sv-\-K¿- B-bn-cp-∂p.-

*- -1954˛¬- ]-Zv-a- q-j- - e- n-®p.-*- -1955 P-\p-h-cn- H-∂n-\v- A¥-cn-®p.

tUm. kmenw Aen (1896˛1987)* C¥-y≥ ]£n-im-kvX-Øns‚ hf¿®-b°v-

\n-kv-Xp-e- kw- m-h-\-Iƒ- \¬-In-b- ]-£n-im-kv-X-⁄-≥ (Hm¿-Wn-tØm-f-Pn-Ãv-).-

*- -1896˛¬- apw-ss_-bn¬- P-\-\w.-*- -C-¥y-bp-sS- ]-£n- a-\p-jy-≥ F-∂- A-]-c-

\m-a-Øn¬- A-dn-b-s∏- p.-*- -X-t -°m-Sv- ]-£n- k-t¶-X-Øn-s‚- ]-tXy-

I-X- B-Zy-am-bn- Nq-≠n-°m- n.-

*- -B-fl-I-Y-˛-H-cp- Ip-cp-hn-bp-sS- ]-X-\w-(^mƒ- Hm- v- F- kv-]m-tcm-)-

*- -1987˛¬- \n-cy-m-Ww.

tlman Plmw-Ko¿ `m` (1909˛1966)* C¥-y≥ B-W-h-im-kv-X-Øn-s‚- ]n-Xm-hv-

F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- tlm-an- P-lmw-Ko¿- m- -`m-c-X-Øn-se- A-Wp-i-‡n- K-th-j-W-Øn-\v- A-Sn-Ø-d-bn- - a-lm-\m-b- im-kv-X-⁄-\m-Wv.-

*- -1909 H-Iv-tSm-_¿- 30 -\v- apw-ss_-bn-se- H-cp- ]m-gv-kn- Ip-Spw-_-Øn-em-Wv- `m- -bp-sS-P-\-\w.-

*- -apw-ss_-bn-se- kv-Iq-fp-I-fn-epw- _w-K-eq-cp-hn-se- tdm-b¬- C-≥Ãn-‰yq- v- Hm- v- k-b-≥kn-ep-am-bn- B-Zy-Im-e- hn-Zym- ym-kw- ]q¿-Øn-bm-°n-b- `m-`,- sa-°m-\n-°¬- k-b-

≥kn¬- D-]-cn-]-T-\-Øn-\m-bn- tIw-_n-Uv-Pn-se-Øn.-

*- -Xp-S¿-∂v- t]mƒ- Un-dm-°n-s\m-∏w- K-Wn-X-im-kv-X-Øn¬- ]-h¿-Øn-°p-I-bpw- Im-h-≥Un-jv- e-t_m-d-´-dn-bn¬- ]-h¿-Øn-®v-tUm-Iv-S-td-‰v- t\-Sp-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.-

*- -C-¥y-≥ B-W-thm¿-P- I-Ωn-j-s‚- ]-Y-a-A-[y-£-≥,- C-¥y-≥ k-b-≥kv- tIm- -K-kn-s‚- ]-kn-U-‚ v,- Sm-‰- C-≥Ãn-‰yq- v- Hm- v-

-≠-sa-‚¬- dn-k¿-®n-s‚- U-b-d-Iv-S¿- F-∂o- \n-e-I-fn¬- tk-h-\-a-\p-jv-Tn-®n- p-≠v.-

*- -1966 P-\p-h-cn- 24 \v- B¬-]v-kv- ]¿-h-X- \n-c-bn-ep-≠m-b- hn-am-\m-]-I-S-Øn¬- a-cn-®p.-

]n. -B¿.-]n -jm-cSn (1910˛2002)* C¥y-≥ dn-tam- v- sk-≥kn-Mn-s‚- ]n-Xm-hv.-*- -1910 s -_p-h-cn- 10 -\v- sIm-√-t¶m- v- P-\-\w.-*- -Im-en-t^m¿-Wn-b- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bn¬- \n-

∂v- ]n.-F-®v.-Un.- K-th-j-Ww- kn.-hn-cm-a-s‚-Io-gn-em-bn-cp-∂p.-

*- -Im-em-h-ÿm- im-kv-Xw- I¿-j-I¿-°v- F-∂- ]p-kv-X-Iw- c-Nn-®p.-

*- -B-Zy-sØ- cm-a-≥ sk-‚n-\-dn- sa-U¬- tP-Xm-hv.-

*- -\n-cym-Ww- 2002 sk]vXw-_¿ 24- \v.

Fkv.-N-µ-ti-J¿ (1910˛1995)* C¥-y-bn¬- P-\n-®v- Cw-•-≠n¬- D-]-cn-]-T-\w-

\-S-Øn-b- ]n¬-°m-e-Øv- A-ta-cn-°-≥ ]u-c-Xzw- kzo-I-cn-®- B-kv-tSm- n-kn-Ãv- B-Wv- kp-_-a-Wyw- N-µ-ti-J¿.- 1983 -se- u-Xn-I-im-kv-X- s\m-t_¬- hn-eyw- B¬- -Uv- u-f-tdm-sSm-∏w- ]-¶n- p.- 1930 -se- s\m-t_¬- tP-Xm-hm-b- kn.-hn.-cm-a-s‚- A-\-¥-c-h-\m-bn-cp-∂p- N-µ-ti-J¿.-

*- -N-µ-ti-J¿- en-an-‰v- F-∂- I-≠p-]n-Sn-Ø-am-Wv- A-t±-l-Øn-\v- ]-i-kv-Xn- t\-Sn-s°m-Sp-Ø-Xv.- kq-cy-s‚- ]n-Wv-U-Øn-s‚- 1.-44 a-S-ßp-h-sc- ]n-Wv-U-ap-≈- \-£-X-ßƒ- kz-bw- I-Øn-sb-cn-™v- A-h-km-\w- sh-f-f-°p-≈-≥am-cm-bn- am-dpw- F-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p- Cu-\n-K-a-\w.- Cu- 1.-44 F-∂- kw-Jy-bm-Wv- N-µ-ti-J¿- en-an-‰v- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- (H-cp- \-£-Xw- sh-≈-°p-≈-\m-bn- am-dp-∂-Xn-\p-≈- Z-hy-am-\- ]-cn-[n-)-

*- -C-∂-sØ- ]m-In-kv-Xm-\n-se- em-tlm-dn¬-1910 H-Iv-tSm-_¿- 19 -\v- B-Wv- P-\-\w.-

*- -1933˛¬- tIw-_n-Uv-Pv- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bn¬-\n-∂v- tUm-Iv-S-td-‰v- t\-Sn.- B¿.-F-®v.- u-f-dp-sS- ta¬-t\m- -Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p- K-th-j-Ww.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-te-°v- a-S-ßn-sb-Øn-b- k-a-b-Øv-A-ta-cn-°-bn-se- jn-°m-tKm- k¿-h-I-em-im-e- A-hn-sS- K-th-j-I-\m-Im-≥ £-Wn-®p.- ]n-

∂o-Sv- A-ta-cn-°- ]-h¿-Ø-\- ta-J-e-bm-°n.-*- -1995 Hm-K-Ãv- 21 -\v- jn-°m-tKm-bn¬- A-¥-

cn-®p.-

hnIw-km-cm-`mbn (1919˛1971)* C¥y-≥ _-ln-cm-Im-i- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- ]n-Xm-

hv- F-∂m-Wv- hn-Iw- km-cm- m-bn- A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.- im-kvv-X-cw-K-sØ- a-lm-flm-Km-‘n- F-∂m-Wv- C-t±-l-sØ- ap-≥ cm-jv-S-]-Xn- F.-]n.-sP.- A-_v-Zpƒ- I-emw- hn-ti-jn-∏n-®-Xv.-

*- -1919 Hm-K-Ãv- 12 -\v- Kp-P-dm-Øn-se- A-l-Ω-Zm-_m-Zn¬- H-cp- [-\n-I- ssP-\-Ip-Spw-_-Øn-em-Wv- hn-Iw- km-cm- m-bn-bp-sS- P-\-\w.-

*- -]m-Y-an-I- hn-Zym- ym-kw- A-l-Ω-Zm-_m-Zn¬-B-bn-cp-∂p.- tIm-kv-an-Iv- c-iv-an-I-sf-°p-dn-®v- K-th-j-Ww- \-S-Øn- tIw-_n-Uv-Pn¬-\n-∂v- ]n.-F-®v.-Un.- t\-Sn.- kn.-hn.-cm-a-\m-bn-cp-∂p- tUm-Iv-S-td-‰n-\p-≈- D-]-tZ-i-I-≥.-Xp-S¿-∂v- A-l-Ω-Zm-_m-Zn-se- ^n-kn-°¬-dn-k¿-®v- e-t_m-d- -dn-bn¬- tIm-kv-an-Iv- c-iv-an-I-sf-°p-dn-®v- ]-Tn-∏n-°p-∂- n-kn-Iv-kv-s]m- -k-dm-bn.-

*- -]n-∂o-Sv- A-t±-lw- C-¥y-bp-sS- A-Wp-i-‡n-I-Ωn-j-\n¬- \n-b-an-X-\m-bn.-

*- -Xp-º-bn-se- _-ln-cm-Im-i- K-th-j-W- tI-µ-Øn-s‚- in¬-]n- km-cm- m-bn- B-Wv.- A-t±-l-tØm-Sp-≈- _-lp-am-\m¿-∞w- Cu-ÿm-]-\-sØ- hn-Iw- km-cm- m-bv- kv-t]-kv-sk-‚¿- (hn.-F-kv.-F-kv.-kn.-)-F-∂v- \m-a-I-c-Ww- sN-bv-Xn-cn-°p-∂p.-

20 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2017 s^_p-hcn- 15

*- -km-‰-sse-‰v- C-≥kv-S-£-W¬- sS-en-hn-j-≥ F-Iv-kv-s]-cn-sa-‚ v- F-∂- kw-hn-[m-\-Øn-eq-sS- 2400 ]n-∂m-°- Km-a-ß-fn¬- B-[p-\n-I- hn-Zym- ym-kw- F-Øn-°p-∂-Xn-\v- km-cm- m-bv- ]-≤-Xn-bp-≠m-°n.-

*- -a-e-bm-fn-bpw- ]-i-kv-X- \¿-Ø-In-bp-am-b-ar-Wm-fn-\n- km-cm- m-bn-sb-bm-Wv- A-t±-lw-hn-hm-lw- I-gn-®-Xv.- a-Iƒ- a-√n-Im- km-cm-`m-bn-bpw- ]-i-kv-X- \¿-Ø-In-bm-Wv.-

*- -1971 Un-kw-_¿- 30 \v- tIm-h-f-Øp-h-®v- lr-Z-bm-Lm-Xw- aq-ew- A-t±-lw- A-¥-cn-®p.-

l¿tKm-_nµv Jpcm\ (1922˛2011)* P\n-XI- F-©n-\o-b-dn-Mv- ta-J-e-bn¬- G-

‰-hpw- i-tt≤-b-\m-b- hy-‡n-I-fn-sem-cm-fm-Wv- l¿-tKm-_n-µv- Jp-cm-\.-

*- -1922 P-\p-h-cn- H-º-Xn-\v- C-t∏m-g-sØ- ]m-In-kv-Xm-\n¬- Dƒ-s∏-Sp-∂- ]-©m-_n-se- dm-bv-]q-cn-em-Wv- l¿-tKm-_n-µv- Jp-cm-\- P-\n-®-Xv.-

*- -]-©m-_v- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bn¬- \n-∂v- _n-cp-Zm-\-¥-c- _n-cp-Zw- t\-Sn-b- ti-jw- Cw-•-≠n-seen-h¿-]qƒ- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bn¬-\n-∂v- tUm-Iv-S-d¬- _n-cp-Zw- t\-Sn.- Xp-S¿-∂v- kq-dn-®n¬- t]m-Ãv- tUm-Iv-S-d¬- K-th-j-Ww- \-S-Øn.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-se-Øn- U¬-ln- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bn¬- A-[ym-]-I-\m-hm-≥ i-an-s®-¶n-epw- A-t]-£- \n-c-kn-®-Xn-s\-Øp-S¿-∂v- hn-tZ-i-Øv- i-≤- tI-µo-I-cn-®p.- ]n-∂o-Sv- A-ta-cn-°-≥ ]u-c-Xzw- kzo-I-cn-®p.-

*- -1952˛¬- Im-\-U-bn-se- hm-≥Ip-h-dn-se- _n-ó-jv- sIm-fw-_n-b- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bn¬-A-[ym-]-I-\m-bn.- i-co-c-Øn¬- Po-h-im-kv-X- ]-h¿-Ø-\-Øn-\v- B-h-iy-am-b- tIm-F-≥sskw- -F- F-∂- F-∂- cm-k-h-kv-Xp- I-s≠-Øn.- ]-co-£-W-im-e-bn¬- P-\n-X-I-tc-J- a-\- n-em-°m-≥ I-gn-™-Xv- ssP-h-km-t¶-Xn-I- cw-K-sØ- A-aq-ey-t\- -am-bn.-Cu- kw- m-h-\-bv-°v- 1968˛¬- ssh-Zy-im-kv-

X-Øn-\p-≈- s\m-t_¬- k-Ωm-\w- ]-¶n- p.-*- -1976˛¬- Jp-cm-\-bp-sS- t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-ep-≈-

kw-Lw- \-S-Øn-b- Ir-Xn-a- Po-≥ kw-tbm-P-\w- P-\n-X-I- im-kv-X- ap-t∂-‰-Øn-se- \m-gn-I-°-√m-bn.-

*- -2011 \-hw-_¿- H-º-Xn-\v- a-km-®p-sk-‰v-kn¬-h-®v- A-¥-cn-®p.

òw sk≥ tPmjn (1922˛-2011)* lnµp-ÿm-\n- im-kv-Xo-b- kw-Ko-X-Øn¬-

hn-im-c-Z-\m-b- kw-Ko-X- ]-Xn-`-bm-Wv- òw-sk-≥ tPm-jn.-

*- -aq-∂v- ]-Zv-a- ]p-c-kv-Im-c-ß-fpw- `m-c-X-c-Xv-\-hpw- t\-Sn-b- òw-sk-≥ tPm-jn- J-bm¬-hm-bv-]m-ń¬- ]-kn-≤-\m-Wv.-

*- -I¿-Wm-S-I-Øn-se- [m¿-hm-Uv- Pn-√-bn¬-1922 s^-_p-h-cn- \m-en-\m-Wv- P-\-\w.-

*- -Zq-c-Z¿-i-\n-se- ]-i-kv-X-am-b- an-te- kp¿-

ta-tc- Xp-am-c- F-∂- tZ-i-`-‡n-Km-\w- ]-Wv-Un-‰v-Pn-sb- km-[m-c-W-°m¿-°v- kp-]-cn-Nn-X-\m-°n.-

*- -an-I-®- ]n-∂-Wn- Km-b-I-\p-≈- tZ-io-b- A-hm¿-Un-\v- (1985)- A¿-l-\m-b- òw-sk-≥tPm-jn- a-lm-cm-jv-S- q-j-¨,- I¿-Wm-S-I-c-Xv-\,- tI-c-f- k¿-°m-cn-s‚- kzm-Xn- ]p-c-kv-Im-cw- F-∂n-h-bpw- t\-Sn-bp-≠v.-

*- -2008˛¬- `m-c-X-c-Xv-\-Øn-\v- A¿-l-\m-bn.-*- -2011 P-\p-h-cn- 24 \v- ]q-s\-bn¬- A-¥-cn-®p.-

cmP-cm-aÆ (1925˛2004)* C¥y-bp-sS- B-Zy-sØ- A-Wp-]-co-£-W-

]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- kq-X-[m-c-\m-bn-cp-∂- cm-P-cm-a-Æ- A-Wp- u-Xn-Iw- F-∂- ta-J-e-bn¬- i-t≤-b-\m-b- ]-co-£-W- ]-h¿-Ø-\-ßƒ-s°m-∏w-X-s∂- kw-Ko-Xw,- km-ln-Xyw,- -c-Ww- F-∂o- ta-J-e-I-fn-epw- hy-‡n-ap-Z- ]-Xn-∏n-®- im-kv-X-⁄-\m-bn-cp-∂p.-

*- -I¿-Wm-S-I- kw-ÿm-\-sØ- Xpw-Iq-dn¬-1925 P-\p-h-cn- 28 -\v- P-\n-®p.-

*- -tIm-tf-Pv- hn-Zym- ym-k-Øn-\v- ti-jw- e-≠-\n-se- In-Mv-kv- tIm-tf-Pn¬- K-th-j-W- ]-T-\-Øn-\m-bn- tN¿-∂p.- e-≠-\n¬-h-®v- tlm-an- sP.- m- -sb- Im-Wm-\pw- A-Xp-h-gn- sP.-F-≥.-Sm-‰- kv-tIm-f¿-jn-∏v- e- n-°m-\m-b-Xpw-cm-P- cm-a-Æ-bp-sS- Po-hn-X-Øn-se- h-gn-Øn-cn-hm-bn.-

*- -1947˛¬- C-¥y-bn¬- a-S-ßn-sb-Øn-b- cm-P-cm-a-Æ- Sm-‰- C-≥Ãn-‰yq- v- Hm- v- -≠-sa-‚¬-dn-k¿-®n¬- K-th-j-W-Øn-\m-bn- tN¿-∂p.-

*- -tSmw-s_-bn-ep-≈- _m¿-°n-s‚- (`m- m- A-t‰m-an-Iv- dn-k¿-®v- sk-‚¿-)- U-b-d-Iv-S-dm-bn-1972˛¬- ÿm-\-ta-‰p.- C-°m-e-b-f-hn-em-Wv-_p-≤-≥ Nn-cn-°p-∂p- F-∂- t]-cn¬- C-¥y-]-Y-a- B-W-h- ]-co-£-Ww- (1974 sa-bv- 18)-\-S-Øn-b-Xv.-

*- -1978˛¬- ]-Xn-tcm-[- K-th-j-W- hn-I-k-\- tI-µ-Øn-s‚- (Un.-B¿.-Un.-H-)- ta-[m-hn-bm-bn.-

*- -1981˛¬- _m¿-°n-te-°v- Xn-cn-s®-Øn-b- A-t±-lw- 1983 h-sc- A-hn-sS- U-b-d-Iv-S-dm-bn-Xp-S¿-∂p.- A-Xn-\p-ti-jw- A-Wp-i-‡n- I-Ωn-j-s‚- sN-b¿-am-\m-bn.-

*- -]-Xn-tcm-[-a-¥n-bp-sS- im-kv-X- D-]-tZ-jv-Sm-hv- F-∂- \n-e-bn-epw- ]-h¿-Øn-®n- p-≠v.-

*- -1990˛¬- hn.-]n.-kn-Mv- k¿-°m-cn¬- ]-Xn-tcm-[- h-Ip-∏v- k-l-a-¥n-bm-bn.- 1997˛¬- cm-Py-k- -bn-te-°v- \m-a-\n¿-t±-iw- sN-ø-s∏- - Aw-K-am-bn.-

*- -Xo¿-Ym-S-\-Øn-s‚- h¿-j-ßƒ- (C-tb-gv-kv-Hm- v- ]n¬-Kn-ta-Pv-)- B-Wv- B-fl-I-Y- (1991).-

*- -]-fl-io,- ]-Zv- q-j- ,- ]-Zv-a-hn- q-j- - _-

lp-a-Xn-I-fpw- -Sv-\-K¿- ]p-c-kv-Im-cw- (1963),-s\-lp- A-hm¿-Uv- (1983)- Xp-S-ßn-b-h-bpw-e- n-®n- p-≠v.-

*- -2004 sk-]v-Xw-_¿- 24 -\v- A¥-cn-®p.

Fw.-F-kv. -k-zm-an -\m-Y≥ (1925)* C¥-y≥ l-cn-X-hn-π-h-Øn-s‚- ]n-Xm-hv- F-∂-

dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- Ir-jn-im-kv-X-⁄-\m-b- a-s¶m-ºv- kmw-_-in-h-≥ kzm-an-\m-Y-≥ X-an-gv-\m- n-se- Ipw- -tIm-W-Øv- 1925 Hm-K-Ãv- G-gn-\v- P-\n-®p.- B-e-∏p-g- Pn-√-bn-se- a-s¶m-ºv- F-∂-ÿ-e-Øm-Wv- C-t±-l-Øn-s‚- X-d-hm-Sv.-

*- -tIw-_n-Uv-Pv- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bn¬- \n-∂v-P-\n-X-I-im-kv-X-Øn¬- ]n.-F-®v.-Un.- t\-Sn-b- A-t±-lw- C-¥y-bn-se-Øn- C-hn-Sp-sØ-]-cn-ÿn-Xn-bv-°n-W-ßn-b-Xpw- A-Xyp¬-]m-Z-\- ti-jn-bp-≈-Xp-am-b- hn-Øp-Iƒ- hn-I-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-°p-I-bpw- I¿-j-I¿-°n-S-bn¬-

]-N-cn-∏n-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.-*- -1971˛¬- a-Kv-k-tk- A-hm¿-Un-\¿-l-\m-bn.-*- -1987˛¬- thƒ-Uv- ^p-Uv- ss]-kv- e- n-®p.-*- -1988˛¬- sN-ss∂-bn¬- Fw.-F-kv.- kzm-an-

\m-Y-≥ dn-k¿-®v- u-t≠-j-≥ ÿm-]n-®p.-*- -sN-ss∂-bn-em-Wv- X-ma-kw.

Fw.-Pn. -sI.-ta-t\m≥ (1928˛2016)* tImkvanIv Inc-W-ßƒ,- ]m¿- n-°nƒ- ^n-

kn-Iv-kv- F-∂n-h-sb-°p-dn-®v- K-th-j-Ww- \-S-Øn-b- ]-kn-≤- ù-Xn-I-im-kv-X-⁄-\m-bn-cp-∂p- Fw.-Pn.-sI.-ta-t\m-≥ F-∂- am-ºn-≈n-°-f-Øn¬- tKm-hn-µ- Ip-am¿- ta-t\m-≥.-

*- -1928 Hm-K-Ãv- 28 -\v- aw-K-em-]p-c-Øv- P-\-\w.-*- -_n-Ãƒ- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bn¬- \n-∂v- ]n.-

F-®v.-Un.- (1953).-*- -Sn.-sF.-F- v.-B-dn-s‚- (Sm-‰m- C-≥Ãn-‰yq- v-

Hm- v- -≠-sa-‚¬- dn-k¿-®v-)- U-b-d-Iv-S¿,-im-kv-X- km-t¶-Xn-I- h-Ip-∏v- sk-I- -dn,-B-kq-X-W- I-Ωn-j-≥ Aw-Kw,- cm-Py-k- mw-Kw- F-∂o- \n-e-I-fn¬- ]-h¿-Øn-®n- p-≈-ta-t\m-≥,- hn.-]n.-kn-Mv- a-¥n-k- -bn¬- im-kv-X- km-t¶-Xn-I- h-Ip-∏v- a-¥n- ]-Zw- h-ln-®n- p-≠v.-

*- -2016 \-hw-_¿- 22 -\-v A¥-cn-®p.

C.-kn. -Pn. kpZ¿i≥ (1931)

* tIm- -bw- Pn-√-bn-se- ]-≈-Øv- 1931 sk-]v-Xw-_¿- 16 -\m-Wv- F-Æ-°¬- Nm-≠n- tPm¿-Pv- kp-Z¿-i-≥ F-∂- C.-kn.-Pn.- kp-Z¿-i-≥P-\n-®-Xv.-

*- - u-Xn-I- im-kv-X-Øn¬- an-I-hv- sX-fn-bn-®-C-t±-l-Øn-s‚- ap-Jy- kw- m-h-\- ]-Im-i-tØ-°mƒ- th-K-Øn¬- k-©-cn-°p-∂- Sm-

°n-tbm-Wp-Iƒ- F-∂- I-Wn-I-I-sf-°p-dn-®p-≈- K-th-j-W-am-Wv.-

*- -H-≥]-Xp- ]m-h-iyw- u-Xn-I-im-kv-X-Øn-\p-≈- t\m-t_¬- k-Ωm-\-Øn-\v- \m-a-\n¿-t±-iw- sN-ø-s∏-s -¶n-epw- Aw-Ko-Im-cw- e- n-°m--sX-t]m-bn.

kn.-F≥.-B¿. dmhp (1934˛ )* kn.-hn.-cm-a-≥,- F.-]n.-sP.- A-_v-Zpƒ-I-emw-

F-∂o- im-kv-X-⁄-≥am¿-°v- ti-jw- `m-c-X-c-Xv-\- _-lp-a-Xn-°v- (2013)- A¿-l-\m-b- im-kv-X-⁄-\m-b- kn.-F-≥.-B¿.-dm-hp- 2014 s^-_p-h-cn- 14 \v- cm-jv-S-]-Xn-bn¬- \n-∂v- ]p-c-kv-Im-cw- G-‰p-hm-ßn.-

*- -1934 Pq-¨- 30 \v- _mw-•q-cn-em-Wv- Nn-¥m-a-Wn- \m-tK-i- cm-a-N-µ-dm-hp- F-∂- kn.-F-≥.-B¿.-dm-hp- P-\n-®-Xv.-

*- -_-\m-d-kv- ln-µp- k¿-h-I-em-im-e-bn¬- \n-∂m-Wv- _n-cp-Zw- t\-Sn-b-Xv.-

*- -C-cp-]-Øn-\m-emw- h-b- n¬- ]n.-F-®v.-Un.-k-ºm-Zn-®p.-

*- -sF.-F-kv.-B¿.-H,- sF.-sF.-Sn.- Im- -]q¿,- Hm-Iv-kv- -Uv,- tIw-_n-Uv-Pv,- I-en-t^m¿-Wn-b-k¿-h-I-em-im-e-I-fn¬- tk-h-\-a-\p-jv-Tn-®p.-

*- - -Sv-\-K¿- A-hm¿-Uv,- lyq-Kv-kv- sa-U¬,- A-_v-Z-kv- k-emw- sa-U¬,- Um-≥ tU-hn-Uv-sa-U¬- Xp-S-ßn- \n-c-h-[n- ]p-c-kv-Im-c-ßƒ-°v- A¿-l-\m-bn.-

*- -]-Y-a- C-¥ym- k-b-≥kv- A-hm¿-Uv- tP-Xm-hm-Wv- kn.-F-≥.-B¿.-dm-hp- (2004)-

*- -A-dp-]-Xn-e-[n-Iw- k¿-∆-I-em-im-e-Iƒ- Hm-W-d-dn- tUm-Iv-S-td-‰v- \¬-In- B-Z-cn-®- kn.-F-≥.-B¿.-dm-hp- 1500 dn-k¿-®v- t]-∏-dp-I-fpw-45 im-kv-X- K-Ÿ-ß-fpw- c-Nn-®n- p-≠v.-

*- -ssN-\o-kv- k-b-≥kv- A-°m-Z-an-bp-sS- A-¥m-cm-jv-S- im-kv-X- k-l-I-c-W-Øn-\p-≈- 2012˛-se- ]p-c-kv-Im-cw- t\-Sn.-

*- -tI-µ- k¿-°m¿- _w-K-ep-cp-hn¬- ÿm-]n-®- P-hm-l¿-em¬- s\-lp- sk-‚¿- t^m¿-A-Uzm-≥kv-Uv- k-b-‚n-^n-Iv- dn-k¿-®n-s‚-]-Y-a- A-[y-£-≥ dm-hp-hm-bn-cp-∂p.-

*- -tkm-fn-Uv- tÃ-‰v- sI-an-kv-Sn-bm-Wv- dm-hp-hn-s‚- ]-[m-\- h-nlmc taJ-e.

Pn. -am-[-h≥ \mb¿ (1943)* sF.-F-kv.-B¿.-H.- bp-sS- ap-≥ sN-b¿-am-\pw-

C-¥y-bp-sS- ap-≥ _-ln-Im-cm-Im-i- K-th-j-W- h-Ip-∏v- sk-I- -dn-bp-am-bn-cp-∂- Pn.-am-[-h-≥ \m-b¿- 1943 H-Iv-tSm-_¿- 31 -\v- sX-°-≥ Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn¬- P-\n-®p.-

*- -1966˛¬- Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw- F-©n-\o-b-dn-Mv-tIm-tf-Pn¬- \n-∂v- C-e-Iv-Sn-°¬- B-≥Uv-I-ayq-Wn-t°-j-≥ F-©n-\o-b-dn-ßn¬- _n.-F-kv.-kn.- _n-cp-Zw- t\-Sn.-

*- - m- m- A-t‰m-an-Iv- dn-k¿-®v- sk-‚-dn¬- ]-tXy-I- ]-cn-io-e-\w- t\-Sn-b- A-t±-lw-1967˛¬- Xp-º- tdm-°-‰v- hn-t£-]-W- tI-

µ-Øn¬- D-tZym-K-Øn¬- ]-th-in-®p.-*- -1998˛¬- ]-fl- q-j-Wpw- 2009˛¬- ]-Zv-a-hn- q-

j-Wpw- \¬-In- cm-jv-Sw- am-[-h-≥ \m-b-sc-B-Z-cn-®p.-

*- -am-[-h-≥ \m-b¿- sF.-F-kv.-B¿.-H.- sN-b¿-am-\m-bn-cn-s°-bm-Wv- Nm-µ-bm-≥ -1 hn-t£-]n-®-Xv-

2017 s^_p-hcn 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 21

1. Shyam is taller than ______.(a) me (b) I (c) mine (d) my

2. Choose the correct form:(a) Attatchable (b) Attachible(c) Attachable (d) Atchatable

3. One who does not believe in God:(a) Pagan (b) Atheist(c) Charlatan (d) Pedant

4. The phrase ‘Let off’ means:(a) to excuse from penalty (b) extinguish(c) refuse (d) to explain clearly

5. Birds live ____ insects.(a) with (b) on (c) in (d) for

6. The government rejected all the demands(Replace the word underlined with the rightphrase)(a) put out (b) turned down(c) made out (d) Gave out

7. The synonym of ‘Conversant’:(a) familiar (b) Pleasant(c) Ignorant (d) Intelligent

8. I shall avail _____ of your advice.(a) him (b) me(c) yourself (d) myself

9. Choose the correctly spelt word:(a) Forty (b) Fourty(c) Forti (d) Fourti

10. The word ‘ADEPT’ means:(a) Expert (b) Explain(c) Adore (d) Adjust

11. A Baker’s dozen means:(a) Twelve (b) Charity(c) Thirteen (d) Allowance

12. One who studies insects:(a) Archaelogist (b) Entomologist(c) Botanist (d) Curator

13. The audience _____ at the end of the drama.(a) praised (b) appreciatedc) apprised (d) applauded

14. He _____his matriculation examination in2016.(a) passed (b) obtained(c) performed (d) Completed

15. The opposite of ‘Benevolent’?(a) Malevolent (b) Bonafide(c) Fertile (d) Ugly

16. A style full of words:(a) Verbose (b) Complicated(c) Hard (d) Bombastic

17. The word ‘Authentic’ means:(a) Brilliant (b) Charming(c) Diplomatic (d) True

18. The opposite of ‘AFFINITY’:(a) Infinity (b) Love(c) Hatred (d) Ability

19. The idiom ‘Within an ace of’:(a) Very nearly (b) Very distant(c) Very familiar (d) Very slowly

20. I cannot approve ___ her conduct.(a) of (b) with (c) by (d) to

21. Either John or Gopal _____ taken my book.(a) have (b) are (c) is (d) has

22. Killing of one’s own mother:(a) Uxoricide (b) Sororicide(c) Fratricide (d) Matricide

23. The synonym of ‘Apex’:(a) Turn (b) Top(c) Sad (d) Bottom

24. He left the book ____ the telephone.(a) besides (b) around(c) beside (d) at

25. That which cannot be taken by force of arms:(a) indefatigable (b) invincible(c) infallible d) impregnable

26. People make vine ____ grapes.(a) for (b) by (c) from (d) with

27. The word opposite in meaning to the word‘DILIGENCE’:(a) Laziness (b) Industry(c) Assiduity (d) Activity

General English25. I can write a book ____ grammar.

(a) on (b) in (c) about (d) of28. A decision on which one cannot go back:

(a) Infrangible (b) Infallible(c) Irrevocable (d) Incorrigible

29. The phrase ‘Take in ‘ means:(a) to deceive (b) go forward(c) to give back (d) endure

30. The scientific study of the normal function inliving systems:(a) Biology (b) Zoology(c) Physiology (d) Anatomy

31. He is ___ for his evil deeds.(a) famous (b) noted(c) celebrated (d) notorious

32. The collective noun for ‘Cattle’:(a) bunch (b) bevy(c) hive (d) herd

33. The word opposite in meaning to the word‘VINDICATION’:(a) Justification (b) Exoneration(c) Accusation (d) Support

34. He was pleased ___ the boy.(a) with (b) on (c) over (d) of

35. He discussed the matter ____ the phone.(a) at (b) over (c) upon (d) in

36. Man does not live by ____ alone.(a) diet (b) food (c) bread (d) meals

37. The idiom ‘To hit the nail on the head’ means:(a) Say exactly the right thing(b) Apply unfair tactics(c) Kill somebody (d) To apologize

38. The word ‘ABSTAIN’ means:(a) Dirty (b) Manage(c) Receive (d) Keep away

39. Aeroplanes are kept in___(a) Dockyard (b) Velodrome(c) Aerodrome (d) Hangars

40. The countryside is suited ___ healthy life:(a) for (b) with (c) at (d) in

41. He will resign _____his post(a) in (b) on(c) from (d) no preposition needed

42. Find the correctly spelt word:(a) Occurrence (b) Occurance(c) Occurrance (d) Occurence

43. The sun ___ at six this morning.(a) raised (b) rose(c) aroused (d) arose

44. Choose the mis-spelt word:(a) Accessible (b) Permissible(c) Inimitable (d) Irresistable

45. _____ funny you are!(a) How (b) What(c) Who (d) Which

46. _____ the dog, the boy ran away.(a) Saw (b) Seen(c) Seeing (d) Sees

47. Express one’s opinion without evidence or fullknowledge:(a) Specify (b) Speculate(c) Concede (d) Sensing

48. The police accused him ____ murder.(a) with (b) by (c) for (d) of

49. Metals _____ when they are heated.(a) contract (b) relax(c) project (d) Expand

50. The synonym of ‘Audacious’:(a) Useless (b) Foolish(c) Bold (d) Crazy

51. The opposite of ‘Indigenous’:(a) Exotic (b) Aboriginal(c) Allopathic (d) Superfluous

52. Pick out the incorrectly spelt word:(a) Excellant (b) President(c) Recommend (d) Comment

53. To make something more important than itreally:(a) Excess (b) Elaborate(c) Stress upon (d) Exaggerate

54. To surprise somebody greatly(a)Appraise (b) Antonyms(c) Astonish (d) Reveal

55. He spends hours looking ___ the birds.(a) to (b) for (c) at (d) in

56. He would not have written this if he _____the news.(a) would not hear(b) would not have heard(c) had not been heard(d) had not heard

57. The collective noun for ‘mountains’:(a) block (b) chain(c) cluster (d) constellation

58. He took ____ with his work.(a) troubles (b) pains(c) leave (d) rest

59. The synonym of ‘Precarious’:(a) Nervous (b) Studious(c) Dangerous (d) Unusually clever

60. He is intelligent enough ____ first class.(a) to get (b) got(c) gets (d) None of these

61. I prefer coffee ____ tea.(a) than (b) to (c) and (d) for

62. Pride goes before a ____(a) fall (b) leaf(c) jump (d) humility

63. Few people knew that answer, ____ they?(a) do (b) does (c) did (d) would

64. The synonym of ‘Serious’:(a) Grief (b) Grave(c) Peculiar (d) Savage

65. To lead somebody to do something:(a) Persuade (b) Placate(c) Persecute (d) Pretend

66. He congratulated me ____ my success in theselective test.(a) for (b) upon(c) on (d) at

67. The collective noun for ‘lions’:(a) pack (b) flock(c) pride (d) troop

68. The feminine gender of ‘Colt’:(a) Filly (b) Hind(c) Goose (d) Ewe

69. He filled the glass with water to the ____.(a) margin (b) edge(c) brim (d) rim

70. The synonym of ‘Ambiguous’:(a) Skillful (b) Crafty(c) Unclear (d) Dangerous

71. Divide the sweets _____ the three boys:(a) between (b) among(c) with (d) at

72. Choose the opposite of “Despair”:(a) Misery (b) Impair(c) Hope (d) Shame

73. His sister is lost ___ all sense of shame.(a) to (b) from (c) of (d) off

74. A polite or gentle way of saying somethingnasty.(a) Idiom (b) Phrase(c) Euphemism (d) Antonym

75. Something is wrong _____ him.(a) by (b) with (c) at (d) of

76. You should adapt yourself ____ the conditionsof this place:(a) in (b) on (c) about (d) to

77. The collective noun for ‘soldiers’:(a) crew (b) constellation(c) fleet (d) sheaf

78. I can write a book ____ grammar(a) on (b) in (c) about (d) of

79. The word ‘He’ is a:(a) noun (b) adjective(c) pronoun (d) conjunction

80. The synonym of ‘Exorbitant’:(a) Suitable (b) Miserly(c) Calculating (d) Excessive

81. Choose the misspelt word:(a) Analize (b) Argument(c) Assistant (d) Comparative

82. The idiom ‘From hand to mouth’ means:(a) Live without saving money(b) Face the problem(c) Donate one’s assets(d) None of these

83. They have finished the job, _____?(a) haven’t they (b) have they(c) did they (d) hadn’t they

84. ____ is the theory that actions are rightbecause they are useful.(a) Authoritarianism (b) Pragmatism(c) Machiavellism (d) Utilitarianism

85. He goes ___ school at 9 a.m. every day.(a) to (b) with(c) for (d) by

86. The room was filled ____ smoke.(a) with (b) for(c) in (d) on

87. Give the meaning of the phrase ‘get at‘: (a) pass (b) rise(c) reach (d) to make progress

88. Find the correctly spelt word:(a) Concious (b) Consious(c) Conscious (d) Concsious

89. The feminine gender of ‘Bachelor’:(a) Widower (b) Widow(c) Spinster (d) Nun

90. I can’t help you _____ you tell me the truth.(a) unless (b) if(c) but (d) as if

91. I request you to ____ your crime.(a) agree (b) confess(c) pardon (d) submit

92. A child of unusual or remarkable talent:(a) Prodigy (b) Freak(c) Marvel (d) None of these

93. I have some acquaintance ____ Tamillanguage.(a) at (b) for(c) with (d) to

94. We must ____ to the authority.(a) bend (b) surrender(c) subdue (d) submit

95. A true patriot is always loyal ____ his country.(a) for (b) to(c) about (d) on

96. I advised him to work hard____ he should fail:(a) lest (b) from(c) for (d) till

97. She was accustomed ___ the moods of herhusband:(a) of (b) to(c) with (d) about

98. He _____ his father:(a) takes after (b) give out(c) pass by (d) turn over

99. I was delighted ___ his unexpected arrival:(a) at (b) for(c) of (d) with

100.He is senior ____ me, though he is younger.(a) than (b) from(c)in (d) to

Answers

1(b) 2(c) 3(b) 4(a) 5(b) 6(b) 7(a) 8(d) 9(a) 10(a)

11(c) 12(b) 13(d) 14(a) 15(a) 16(a) 17(d) 18(c) 19(a)

20(a) 21(d) 22(d) 23(b) 24(c) 25(a) 26(c) 27(a) 28(c)

29(a) 30(c) 31(d) 32(d) 33(c) 34(a) 35(b) 36(c) 37(a)

38(d) 39(d) 40(a) 41(d) 42(a) 43(b) 44(d) 45(a) 46(c)

47(b) 48(d) 49(d) 50(c) 51(a) 52(a) 53(d) 54(c) 55(c)

56(d) 57(b) 58(b) 59(c) 60(a) 61(b) 62(a) 63(c) 64(b)

65(a) 66(c) 67(c) 68(a) 69(c) 70(c) 71(b) 72(c) 73(a)

74(c) 75(b) 76(d) 77(a) 78(a) 79(c) 80(d) 81(a) 82(a)

83(a) 84(d) 85(a) 86(a) 87(c) 88(c) 89(c) 90(a) 91(b)

92(a) 93(c) 94(d) 95(b) 96(a) 97(b) 98(a) 99(a) 100(d)

22 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 2017 s^_p-hcn- 15

101. klys‚- a-I-≥F-∂- ]-kn-≤-am-b- I-hn-X-sb-gp-Xn-b-Xv-:--(F-)- C-S-t»-cn- -(_n-)- -ssh-tem-∏n-≈n--(kn-)- kp-K-X-Ip-am-cn- --(Un-)- F-≥.-F-≥.-I-°m-Sv- -

102.- -tI-c-f- ]m-Wn-\o-bw,- hr-Ø-a-Rv-P-cn,- a-Wn-Zo-]n-I,- `m-jm-`q-j-Ww- F-∂o- Ir-Xn-Iƒ- c-Nn-®-Xm-cv-?--(F-)- F.-B¿.- cm-P-cm-P-h¿-a- -(_n-)- C-c-bn-Ω-≥ X-ºn- --(kn-)- ]q-¥m-\w--(Un-)- tI-c-f-h¿-a- h-en-b- tIm-bn-Ø-ºp-cm-≥-

103.- -Zm-hn-U- tKm-X-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- ]p-Xn-b- `m-j-:--(F-)- sX-ep-¶v- -(_n-)- a-e-bm-fw- -(kn-)- X-an-gv- -(Un-)- I-∂-Sw- -

104.- -a-e-b-hn-em-kw- c-Nn-®-Xv-:--(F-)- tZ-h-≥ io-Ip-am-c-≥ -(_n-)- F.-B¿.-cm-P-cm-P-h¿-a- -(kn-)- No-cm-a-≥-(Un-)- A-g-I-Øv- ]-Zv-a-\m-`-°p-dp-∏v- -

105.-hn-a¿-i- lm-ky-I-hn-X-I-fn-eq-sS- Nn-cn-bpw-Nn-¥-bpw- D-W¿-Øp-∂- I-hn- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-:--(F-)- sN-Ω-\w- Nm-t°m- -(_n-)- A-°n-Øw- -(kn-)- I-S-Ω-\n-´- -(Un-)- a-[p-kq-Z-\-≥ \m-b¿- -106.-k-^-e-ao- bm-X- c-Nn-®-Xv-:--(F-)- H.-F-≥.-hn.- -(_n-)- h-b-em¿- -(kn-)- F-≥.-F-≥.-I-°m-Sv- -(Un-)- A-°n-Øw- -

107.-tI-c-f-Øn¬- en-]n- k-º-Zm-bw- ]-N-cn-∏n-®-Xv-:--(F-)- _p-≤-a-X-°m¿- --(_n-)- ssP-\-a-X-°m¿- --(kn-)- Pq-X-≥am¿- --(Un-)- In-kv-Xym-\n-Iƒ--

108.- -"-sh-fn-®w- Zp-:-J-am-Wp-Æo- X-a- -t√m- kp-J-]-Zw-'- F-∂- h-cn-Iƒ- F-gp-Xn-b-Xv-:--(F-)- ]q-¥m-\w- -(_n-)- I-S-Ω-\n-´- -(kn-)- A-°n-Øw- (Un-)- kp-K-X-Ip-am-cn-

109.- a-e-bm-f-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- a-lm-Im-hyw-:--(F-)- a-e-b-hn-em-kw- --(_n-)- Ir-jv-W-Km-Y- --(kn-)- cm-a-N-µ-hn-em-kw- -(Un-)- H-cp- hn-em-]-Im-hyw- -

110.- tI-c-f- Xp-f-ko-Zm-k-≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-:-(F-)- hm-ev-ao-In- (_n-)- Ip-©-≥ \-ºym¿-(kn-)- F.-B¿.-cm-P-cm-P-h¿-a-(Un-)- sh-Æn-°p-fw- tKm-]m-e-°p-dp-∏v- -

111.-G-Xp- cm-Pm-hn-t\m-Sv- \-S-Øp-∂- ]m¿-Y-\-bm-Wv- cm-a-]p-c-Øv- hm-cy-cp-sS- Ip-tN-e-hr-Øw- h-©n-∏m-´v-?-(F-)- kzm-Xn- Xn-cp-\mƒ- -(_n-)- [¿-a-cm-Pm-hv- -(kn-)- am¿-Øm-Wv-U-h¿-a- -(Un-)- Nn-Øn-c- Xn-cp-\mƒ-

-112.- cm-Xn-a-g,- ap-Øp-®n-∏n,- A-º-e-a-Wn,-tZ-h-Zm-kn- F-∂o- I-hn-X-Iƒ- c-Nn-®-Xv-:-(F-)- kp-K-X-Ip-am-cn- -(_n-)- I-a-em-Zm-kv- -(kn-)- _m-em-a-Wn-b-Ω- -(Un-)- tdm-kv- ta-cn- -

113. -kv-t\-l-Km-b-I-≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-:-(F-)- h-≈-tØmƒ- -(_n-)- N-ß-ºp-g- -(kn-)- D-≈q¿- -(Un-)- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥ -

114.- am-Xr-Xz-Øn-s‚- I-h-bn-Xn- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-:-(F-)- kp-K-X-Ip-am-cn- -(_n-)- I-a-em-Zm-kv-

(kn-)- _m-em-a-Wn-b-Ω--(Un-)- tdm-kv- ta-cn- -

115.- tI-c-f- hm-ev-ao-In- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-:-(F-)- h-≈-tØmƒ--(_n-)- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥-(kn-) N-ß-ºp-g- -(Un-)- D-≈q¿- -

116.- Xq-en-I- ]-S-hm-fm-°n-b- I-hn- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-:-(F-)- C-S-t»-cn- -(_n-)- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥

-(kn-)- h-b-em¿- cm-a-h¿-a- -(Un-)- ]n.-`m-kv-I-c-≥ -

117. -"-tI-c-fw- h-f-cp-∂p-'-c-Nn-®-Xv-:-(F-)- A-°n-Øw- - (_n-)- H.-F-≥.-hn.-(kn-)- t_m-t[-iz-c-≥ (Un-)- ]m-em- \m-cm-b-W-≥ \m-b¿- -

118. -i-_v-Z- kp-µ-c-≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- a-e-bm-f- I-hn-:-(F-)- D-≈q¿- -(_n-)- N-ß-ºp-g- -(kn-)- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥ -(Un-)- h-≈-tØmƒ- -

119. -"-]-¶n-∏-Wn-°¿-'- F-∂- I-Ym-]m-X-sØ-kr-jv-Sn-®-Xv-:-(F-)- B-\-µv- -(_n-)- Fw.-ap-Ip-µ-≥ -(kn-)- X-I-gn--(Un-)- kn.-hn.-cm-a-≥ ]n-≈-

-120.- ]-®-a-e-bm-f- ]-ÿm-\-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- Ir-Xn-:-(F-)- a-e-b-hn-em-kw- -(_n-)- Ir-jv-W-Km-Y- -(kn-)- \-√- `m-j- -(Un-)- Ip-µ-e-X- -

121.- "-C-Ø-d-hm-Sn-Ø- tLm-j-W-sØ-t∏m-se-hr-Øn-sI- n- n-√- a-s‰m-∂p-aq-gn-bn¬-'- B-cp-sS- h-cn-Iƒ-?-(F-)- F-≥.-hn.-Ir-jv-W-hm-cy¿- -(_n-)- A-°n-Øw- -(kn-)- C-S-t»-cn- -(Un-)- ssh-tem-∏n-≈n- -

122.- B-cp-sS- Xq-en-Im-\m-a-am-Wv- k-Rv-P-b-≥?-(F-)- hn.-am-[-h-≥ \m-b¿- -(_n-)- ]n.-kn.-Ip-ń-Ir-jv-W-≥ -(kn-)- Fw.-B¿.-\m-b¿--(Un-)- tPm¿-Pv- h¿-Ko-kv- -

123.-"-tSm-an-'- F-∂- I-Ym-]m-X-sØ- kr-jv-Sn-®-Xv-:-(F-)- Fw.-]n.-\m-cm-b-W-]n-≈- -(_n-)- Fw.-ap-Ip-µ-≥ -(kn-)- X-I-gn- -(Un-)- - Im-°-\m-S-≥ -

124.- a-e-bm-f-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- hn-em-]-Im-hy-am-b- "-H-cp- hn-em-]w-'- c-Nn-®-Xv-:-(F-)- H-f-∏-a-Æ- -(_n-)- kn.-F-kv.-kp-_-a-Wy-≥ t]m-‰n-(kn-)- ]m-d-∏p-dw- -(Un-)- N-ß-ºp-g- -

125.- hn-π-h-Øn-s‚- ip-I-\-£-Xw- F-∂p- hn-ti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-´- I-hn-:-(F-)- C-S-t»-cn- -(_n-)- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥-(kn-)- h-b-em¿- cm-a-h¿-a- -(Un-)- ]n.-`m-kv-I-c-≥

126.-G-Xv- ]-i-kv-X-I-hn-bp-sS- a-I-fm-Wv- kp-K-X-Ip-am-cn-?-(F-)- ssh-tem-∏n-≈n--(_n-)- t_m-t[-iz-c-≥-(kn-)- ]-¥-fw- sI.-]n.- -(Un-)- h-b-em¿-

127.- Ip-cp-t£-Xw- c-Nn-®-Xv-:-(F-)- kp-K-X-Ip-am-cn--(_n-)- _m-em-a-Wn-b-Ω- -(kn-)- A-ø-∏-∏-Wn-°¿- -(Un-)- _m-e-N-µ-≥ Np-≈n-°m-Sv-

128.- a-lm-Im-hy-sa-gp-Xm-sX- a-lm-I-hn-∏-´w-t\-Sn-b- I-hn-:-(F-)- D-≈q¿- -(_n-)- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥-(kn-)- h-≈-tØmƒ- -(Un-)- sN-dp-t»-cn-

129.- tI-c-f- ]m-Wn-\n- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-:-(F-)- h-≈-tØmƒ-(_n-)- Ip-™n-°p-´-≥ X-ºp-cm-≥ -(kn-)- F.-B¿.-cm-P-cm-P-h¿-a- -(Un-)- kn.-hn.-cm-a-≥]n-≈-

130.- a-e-bm-f-Øn-se- an-Ãn-Iv- I-hn- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-:-(F-)- C-S-t»-cn- -(_n-)- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥-(kn-)- h-b-em¿- cm-a-h¿-a- -(Un-)- Pn.-i-¶-c-°p-dp-∏v-

131.- A-Ω- a-e-bm-fw- c-Nn-®-Xv-:-(F-)- Ip-co-∏p-g- io-Ip-am¿- -(_n-)- _m-e-N-µ-≥ Np-≈n-°m-Sv-(kn-)- kp-K-X-Ip-am-cn- (Un-)- A-°n-Øw-

132.- I-hn-X- Nm-´-hm-dm-°n-b- I-hn- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-:-(F-)- C-S-t»-cn- -(_n-)- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥-(kn-)- Ip-©-≥ \-ºym¿- -(Un-)- Pn.-i-¶-c-°p-dp-∏v-

133.- X-®-s‚- a-Iƒ,- a-g-X-≥ a-t‰-tXm- ap-Jw,-ar-K-in-£-I-≥ ˛- F-∂o- I-hn-X-Iƒ- c-Nn-®-Xv-:-(F-)- _m-e-N-µ-≥ Np-≈n-°m-Sv-(_n-)- kp-K-X-Ip-am-cn- -(kn-)- hn-P-b-e-£v-an- (Un-)- tdm-kv- ta-cn-

134. -Ãm-ºn¬- Nn-Xw- A-®-Sn-°-s∏-´- B-Zy-sØ- a-e-bm-f- I-hn-:-(F-)- N-ß-ºp-g- -(_n-)- h-≈-tØmƒ- -(kn-)- D-≈q¿- -(Un-)- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥

135.- "-]-co-Xp-Ip- n-'- F-∂- I-Ym-]m-X-sØ- kr-jv-Sn-®-Xv-:-(F-)- B-\-µv- -(_n-)- X-I-gn- -(kn-)- H.-hn.-hn-P-b-≥-(Un-)- - kn.-hn.-cm-a-≥ ]n-≈-

136.- tI-c-f- Im-fn-Zm-k-≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-: -

(F-)- tI-c-f-h¿-a- h-en-b- tIm-bn-Ø-ºp-cm-≥-(_n-)- F.-B¿.-cm-P-cm-P-h¿-a- -(kn-)- h-≈-tØmƒ-(Un-)- Ip-™n-°p-´-≥ X-ºp-cm-≥

137.- a-e-bm-f-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- sN-dp-I-Y-:-(F-)- hm-k-\m-hn-Ir-Xn- -(_n-)- Ip-¥-e-X-

-(kn-)- I-\-Iw-aq-ew- -(Un-)- ]m-d-∏p-dw-138.- a-e-bm-f-Øn-se,- ]-Ir-Xn-bp-sS- I-hn- F-

∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-:-(F-)- C-S-t»-cn- -(_n-)- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥-(kn-)- H.-F-≥.-hn.- -(Un-)- ]n.-`m-kv-I-c-≥

139. -"-kp-`-Z-'- F-∂- I-Ym-]m-X-sØ- kr-jv-Sn-®-Xv-:-(F-)- N-¥p-ta-t\m-≥ -(_n-)- Fw.-ap-Ip-µ-≥ -(kn-)- X-I-gn- -(Un-)- kn.-hn.-cm-a-≥ ]n-≈-

140.- B-cp-sS- Xq-en-Im-\m-a-am-Wv- \-¥-\m¿-?-(F-)- ]n.-kn.-tKm-]m-e-≥ -(_n-)- tk-Xp-am-[-h-≥ -(kn-)- hn.-hn.- A-ø-∏-≥ -(Un-)- ]n.-k-®n-Zm-\-µ-≥

141.- ]-©-Zm-hn-U- m-j-I-fn¬- Dƒ-s∏-Sm-Ø-Xv- G-Xv-:-(F-)- X-an-gv- -(_n-)- sX-ep-¶v- -(kn-)- Xp-fp- -(Un-)- sIm-¶n-Wn-

142.- F-s‚- I-Y,- \-jv-S-s∏-´- \o-emw-_-cn,-\o¿-am-X-fw- ]q-Ø- Im-ew- - F-∂o-h- c-Nn-®-Xv-:-(F-)- am-[-hn-°p-ń--(_n-)- kp-K-X-Ip-am-cn- -(kn-)- _m-em-a-Wn-b-Ω- -(Un-)- Fw.-Sn.-

143.- tI-c-f- km-ln-Xy- A-°m-Z-an-bp-sS- B-Zy- D-]m-[y-£-\m-b- I-hn-:-(F-)- N-ß-ºp-g- -(_n-)- h-≈-tØmƒ- -(kn-)- D-≈q¿- -(Un-)- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥

144.- B-cp-sS- Xq-en-Im-\m-a-am-Wv- hn-em-kn-\n-?-(F-)- ]n.-Ip-™-\-¥-≥\m-b¿- -(_n-)- Fw.-sI.-ta-t\m-≥ -(kn-)- Fw.-B¿.-\m-b¿- -(Un-)- ]n.-k-®n-Zm-\-µ-≥

145. -"-I-dp-Ø-Ω-'- F-∂- I-Ym-]m-X-sØ- kr-jv-Sn-®-Xv-:-

(F-)- B-\-µv- -(_n-)- Fw.-ap-Ip-µ-≥ -(kn-)- X-I-gn- -(Un-)- kn.-hn.-cm-a-≥ ]n-≈-

146.- F.-B¿.-cm-P-cm-P-h¿-a-bp-sS- \n-cym-W-Øn¬- A-\p-tim-Nn-®p-sIm-≠v- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥ c-Nn-®-Xv-:-(F-)- Zp-c-h-ÿ- -(_n-)- \-fn-\n- -(kn-)- ho-W-]q-hv- -(Un-)- ]-tcm-Z-\w-

147.-Xm-sg-s°m-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂-h-cn¬- _p-≤-a-X-tØm-Sv- Nm-bv-hv- ]p-e¿-Øn-b- a-e-bm-f- I-hn-:-(F-)- h-≈-tØmƒ--(_n-)- ]n.-`m-kv-I-c-≥ -(kn-)- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥ -(Un-)- - N-ß-ºp-g-

148.- a-l-®-cn-X-kw-K-lw- c-Nn-®- Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿- cm-Pm-hv-:- -(F-)- kzm-Xn- Xn-cp-\mƒ- -(_n-)- Nn-Øn-c- Xn-cp-\mƒ- -(kn-)- hn-im-Jw- Xn-cp-\mƒ- -(Un-)- Im¿-Øn-I- Xn-cp-\mƒ-

ae-bmfkmlnXyw

2017 s^_p-hcn 15 ]nFkvkn _p≈‰n≥ 23

149.- a-e-bm-fw- en-]n-bn¬- A-®-Sn-®- B-Zy-sØ- ]p-kv-X-Iw-:-(F-)- kw-t£-]-th-Zm¿-Yw- -(_n-)- F-s‚- tdm-am-bm-X- -(kn-)- C-µp-te-J- -(Un-)- Ip-µ-e-X-

150. -"-tI-c-f- tNm-k¿-'- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-:-(F-)-No-cm-a-≥ -(_n-)- ta¬-∏-Øq¿- -(kn-)- sN-dp-t»-cn- -(Un-)- ]q-¥m-\w-

151.- D-t√-J- Km-b-I-≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-´- a-e-bm-f- I-hn-:-(F-)- N-ß-ºp-g- -(_n-)- h-≈-tØmƒ- -(kn-)- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥ -(Un-)- D-≈q¿-

152.- B-cp-sS- Xq-en-Im-\m-a-am-Wv- Xn-t°m-Sn-b-≥?-(F-)- Fw.-B¿.-\m-b¿- -(_n-)- ]n.-Ip-™-\-¥-≥\m-b¿-(kn-)- ]n.-k-®n-Zm-\-µ-≥ -(Un-)- Fw.-sI.-ta-t\m-≥

153.-A-h-\-h-≥ I-S-º,- ssZ-h-Øm¿- F-∂o-h- c-Nn-®-Xv-:-(F-)- I-S-Ω-\n-´- - (_n-)- A-°n-Øw- -(kn-)- _m-e-N-µ-≥ Np-≈n-°m-Sv- -(Un-)- Im-hm-ew-

154.- a-e-bm-f-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- cm-jv-So-b-t\m-h¬-:-(F-)- Lm-X-I-h-[w- -(_n-)- kz¿-K-Zq-X-≥-(kn-)- ]m-d-∏p-dw- -(Un-)- m-kv-I-c-ta-t\m-≥

155.- kq-cn- \-ºq-Xn-cn-∏m-Sv- G-Xv- Ir-Xn-bn-se-I-Ym-]m-X-am-Wv-?-(F-)- im-c-Z- -(_n-)- Ip-µ-e-X- -(kn-)- C-µp-te-J--(Un-)- am¿-Øm-Wv-U-h¿-a-

156.- tI-c-f- tam-∏-km-Mv- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-:-(F-)- tI-c-f-h¿-a- h-en-b- tIm-bn-Ø-ºp-cm-≥-(_n-)- X-I-gn- in-h-i-¶-c-∏n-≈- -(kn-) Fw.-Sn.-hm-kp-tZ-h-≥ \m-b¿-(Un-)- Ip-™n-°p-´-≥ X-ºp-cm-≥

157. -B-[p-\n-I- I-hn-X-b-Øn¬- Dƒ-s∏-Sm-Ø-Xv-:-(F-)- D-≈q¿- -(_n-)- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥-(kn-)- N-ß-ºp-g- -(Un-)- h-≈-tØmƒ-

158.- tI-c-f- I-em-a-Wv-U-ew- ÿm-]n-®- I-hn-:-(F-)- N-ß-ºp-g- -(_n-)- h-≈-tØmƒ- -(kn-)- D-≈q¿- -(Un-)- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥

159. -tI-c-f- \n-b-a-k-`mw-K-am-b- I-hn-:-(F-)- ]n.-`m-kv-I-c-≥ -(_n-)- H.-F-≥.-hn.-Ip-dp-∏v- -(kn-)- Pn.-i-¶-c-°p-dp-∏v- -(Un-)- I-S-Ω-\n-´-

160.- B-cp-sS- Xq-en-Im-\m-a-am-Wv- G-I-e-hy-≥?-(F-)- Fw.-]n.-]-tXm-kv- -(_n-)- _m-e-tKm-]m-e-≥ -(kn-)- \o-e-I-Wv-T-≥ -(Un-)- sI.-Fw.-am-Xyq-kv-

161.- a-e-bm-f-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- t_m-[-[m-cm- t\m-h¬-:-(F-)- Lm-X-I-h-[w- -(_n-)- kz¿-K-Zq-X-≥-(kn-)- ]m-d-∏p-dw- -(Un-)- m-kv-I-c-ta-t\m-≥

162. -"-]-f-\n-'- F-∂- I-Ym-]m-X-sØ- kr-jv-Sn-®-Xv-:-(F-)- B-\-µv- -(_n-)- Fw.-ap-Ip-µ-≥ -(kn-)- X-I-gn- -(Un-) kn.-hn.-cm-a-≥ ]n-≈-

163.- tPm-jzm- û-t≠-j-≥ A-hm¿-Un-\v- a-

e-bm-f-Øn¬-\n-∂v- B-Zy-am-bn- A¿-l-X- t\-Sn-b-Xv-:-(F-)- A-ø-∏-∏-Wn-°¿- -(_n-)-A-°n-Øw--(kn-)- _m-em-a-Wn-b-Ω- -(Un-)- H.-F-≥.-hn.-

164.- Km-‘n-Pn-sb-°p-dn-®v- F-s‚- Kp-cp-\m-Y-≥ F-∂- I-hn-X- c-Nn-®-Xv-:-(F-)- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥(_n-)- h-≈-tØmƒ--(kn-)- N-ß-ºp-g- - (Un-)- D-≈q¿-

165.- -tI-c-f- sl-anw-Kv-th- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-:-(F-)- tI-c-f-h¿-a- h-en-b- tIm-bn-Ø-ºp-cm-≥-(_n-)- X-I-gn- in-h-i-¶-c-∏n-≈- -

(kn-)- Fw.-Sn.-hm-kp-tZ-h-≥ \m-b¿- -(Un-)- kn.-hn.- cm-a-≥]n-≈-

166.- B-cp-sS- Xq-en-Im-\m-a-am-Wv- D-dq-_v-?-(F-)- Fw.-B¿.-\m-b¿- -(_n-)- Fw.-sI.-ta-t\m-≥ -(kn-)- ]n.-kn.-Ip-ń-Ir-jv-W-≥ -(Un-)- tPm¿-Pv- h¿-Ko-kv-

167. -D-÷z-e- i-_v-Zm-Vy-≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-I-hn-:-(F-)- C-S-t»-cn- -(_n-)- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥- (kn-)- D-≈q¿- -(Un-)- Pn.-i-¶-c-°p-dp-∏v-

168.- "-A-∏p-Æn-'- F-∂- I-Ym-]m-X-sØ- kr-jv-Sn-®-Xv-:-(F-)- B-\-µv- -(_n-)- Fw.-ap-Ip-µ-≥ -(kn-)- tk-Xp- -(Un-)- - Fw.-Sn.- -

169.- k-c-kz-Xn- k-Ωm-\-Øn-\v- a-e-bm-f-Øn¬-\n-∂v- B-Zy-am-bn- A¿-l-X- t\-Sn-b-Xv-:-(F-)- A-ø-∏-∏-Wn-°¿- -(_n-)- A-°n-Øw- -(kn-)- _m-em-a-Wn-b-Ω- -(Un-)- kp-K-X-Ip-am-cn-

170.- £-b-tcm-Kw- _m-[n-®v- 1948˛¬- A-¥-cn-®- a-e-bm-f- I-hn-:-(F-)- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥-(_n-)- h-≈-tØmƒ--(kn-)- N-ß-ºp-g- -(Un-)- D-≈q¿-

171.- Fw.-]n.-]-c-ta-iz-c-≥ - -Xn-cn-∏m-Sn-s‚- Xq-en-Im-\m-aw-:-(F-)- ]-Ω-≥ -(_n-)- t]w-Pn- -(kn-)- th-Z-_-‘p- -(Un-)- Xn-t°m-Sn-b-≥

172.- a-e-bm-f-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- km-ap-Zm-bn-I- \m-S-I-am-b- "- A-Sp-°-f-bn¬-\n-∂v- A-c-ß-tØ-°v-'- c-Nn-®-Xv-:-(F-)- C.-hn.-Ir-jv-W-]n-≈- -(_n-)- e-fn-Xmw-_n-I- A-¥¿-P-\w-(kn-)- hn.-Sn.- `-´-Xn-cn-∏m-´v- -(Un-)- Fw.-B¿.-_n.-

173.- Un.-kn.-In-g-s°-ap-dn-bp-sS- ap-gp-h-≥ t]-cv-:-(F-)- tU-hn-Uv- Nm-t°m- In-g-s°-ap-dn- -(_n-)- Um-\n-tb¬- Nm-t°m- In-g-s°-ap-dn- -(kn-)- sUm-an-\n-Iv- Nmƒ-kv- In-g-s°-ap-dn- -(Un-)- sUm-an-\n-Iv- Nm-t°m- In-g-s°-ap-dn-

174.- Ip-©-≥ \-ºym-cp-sS- ]p-c-kv-I¿-Øm-hm-bn-cp-∂- Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿- cm-Pm-hv-:-(F-)- am¿-Øm-Wv-U-h¿-a- -(_n-)- kzm-Xn- Xn-cp-\mƒ- -(kn-)- Nn-Øn-c- Xn-cp-\mƒ- -(Un-)- B-bn-eyw- Xn-cp-\mƒ-

175.- "-A-\-¥-]-Zv-a-\m-`-≥'- F-∂- I-Ym-]m-X-

sØ- kr-jv-Sn-®-Xv-:-(F-)- N-¥p-ta-t\m-≥-(_n-)- A-∏p- s\-Sp-ßm-Sn- -(kn-)- kn.-hn.- cm-a-≥ ]n-≈- -(Un-) X-I-gn-

176.- "-I-]-S-tem-I-Øn-se-∂p-sS- Im-]-Syw-k-I-e-cpw- Im-Wp-∂-Xm-sW-≥ ]-cm-P-bw-'- F-∂v- c-Nn-®-Xv-:-(F-)- N-ß-ºp-g- -(_n-)- F.- A-ø-∏-≥ -(kn-)- Ip-™p-Æn- -(Un-)- C-S-∏-≈n- cm-L-h-≥]n-≈-

177. -"-P-\-Io-b- I-hn-X-bp-sS- ip-I-\-£-X-'-sa-∂v- \n-cq-]-I¿- hn-e-bn-cp-Øn-b- I-hn-:-(F-)- N-ß-ºp-g--(_n-)- Ip-©-≥ \-ºym¿- -(kn-)- A-°n-Øw- -(Un-)- H.-F-≥.-hn.-Ip-dp-∏v-

178.- B-cp-sS- Xq-en-Im-\m-a-am-Wv- A-ø-t\-Øv-?-:-(F-)- F.-]n.-]-tXm-kv--(_n-)- sI.-io-Ip-am¿- -(kn-)- ]n.-k-®n-Zm-\-µ-≥ -(Un-)- Fw.-B¿.-\m-b¿-

179. -⁄m-\-]o-T-Øn-\¿-l-\m-b- c-≠m-a-sØ-a-e-bm-f- I-hn-:-(F-)- A-ø-∏-∏-Wn-°¿- -(_n-)- A-°n-Øw- -(kn-)- H.-F-≥.-hn.--(Un-)- Pn.-i-¶-c-°p-dp-∏v-

180.- "-A-∏p-°n-fn-'- F-∂- I-Ym-]m-X-sØ- kr-jv-Sn-®-Xv-:-(F-)- H.-hn.-hn-P-b-≥-(_n-)- A-∏p- s\-Sp-ßm-Sn- -(kn-)- kn.-hn.- cm-a-≥ ]n-≈- -(Un-)- X-I-gn-

181.- a-e-bm-f-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- B-fl-I-Y-:-(F-)- F-s‚- \m-Sp-I-S-Ø¬- -(_n-)- F-s‚- I-Y- -(kn-)- Rm-≥ -(Un-)- I-gn-™- Im-ew-

182. -kq-cy-Im-¥n- F-∂- I-hn-X- c-Nn-®-Xv-:-(F-)- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥ -(_n-)- Pn.-i-¶-c-°p-dp-∏v- -(kn-)- Pn.-Ip-am-c-]n-≈--(Un-)- _m-em-a-Wn-b-Ω-

183. -io- F-∂- Xq-en-Im-\m-a-Øn¬- A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- I-hn-:-(F-)- N-ß-ºp-g- -(_n-)- ssh-tem-∏n-≈n--(kn-)- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥ -(Un-)- h-≈-tØmƒ-

184.- a-e-bm-f-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- F-Iv-kv-]-j-\n-Ãv- \m-S-Iw-:-(F-)- ]m-´-_m-°n- -(_n-)- ]m-d-∏p-dw- -(kn-)- aq-e-[-\w- -(Un-)- k-a-Xz-hm-Zn-

185.- B-cp-sS- Xq-en-Im-\m-a-am-Wv- C-µp-Nq-V-≥?-(F-)- sI.-sI.-\m-b¿- -(_n-)- Fw.-B¿.-\m-b¿--(kn-)- Fw.-sI.-ta-t\m-≥ -(Un-)- sI.-sI.-\o-e-I-Wv-T-≥

186. -ssI-kv-X-h- Im-fn-Zm-k-≥ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-:-(F-)- ]n.-kn.- tZ-h-ky- -(_n-)- I-´-°-bw- sN-dn-bm-≥ am-∏n-f-(kn-)- sI.-kn.- am-Ω-≥ am-∏n-f- -(Un-)- sI.-C.- a-Øm-bn-

187.-"-I-]-S-tem-I-Øn-em-flm¿-Y-am-sbm-cp- lr-Z-b-ap-≠m-b-Xm-sW-≥ ]-cm-P-bw-'- -F-∂-Xv- B-cp-sS- h-cn-I-fm-Wv-?-(F-)- H.-F-≥.-hn.- -(_n-)- ]n.-`m-kv-I-c-≥ -(kn-)- h-b-em¿- -(Un-)- N-ß-ºp-g-

188.- a-e-bm-f-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- sN-dn-b- a-lm-Im-hyw-:-(F-)- D-am-tI-c-fw- -(_n-)- Nn-X-tbm-Kw- -(kn-)- tI-i-ho-bw- -(Un-)- Ir-jv-W-Km-Y-

189.- a-e-bm-f-Øn-se- B-[n-Im-cn-I- hr-Ø-e-£-W-K-Ÿ-am-bn- I-W-°m-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-:-(F-)- l-kv-X-e-£-W-Zo-]n-I- -(_n-)- hr-Ø-a-Rv-P-cn--(kn-)- `m-jm-`q-j-Ww- -(Un-)- I-h-\-Iu-ap-Zn-

190. -tI-c-f- Hm¿- yq-kv- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-:-(F-)- N-ß-ºp-g- Ir-jv-W-]n-≈- -(_n-)- X-I-gn- in-h-i-¶-c-∏n-≈- -(kn-)- Fw.-Sn.-hm-kp-tZ-h-≥ \m-b¿- -(Un-)- kn.-hn.- cm-a-≥]n-≈-

191. -cm-Py-k-`mw-K-am-bn- \m-a-\n¿-t±-iw- sN-ø-s∏-´- B-Zy- a-e-bm-f- I-hn-:-(F-)- ]n.-`m-kv-I-c-≥-(_n-)- H.-F-≥.-hn.-Ip-dp-∏v- -(kn-)- Pn.-i-¶-c-°p-dp-∏v- -(Un-)- I-S-Ω-\n-´-

192.- Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn¬- B-Iv-Snw-Kv- No-^v-sk-I-´-dn-]-Zw- h-ln-®- I-hn-:-(F-)- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥ (_n-)- h-≈-tØmƒ--(kn-) N-ß-ºp-g- - (Un-)- D-≈q¿-

193. -Xm-sg-s°m-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂-h-bn¬- m-cym-hn-tbm-Kw- hn-j-b-am-bn-´p-≈- Ir-Xn-:-(F-)- I-Æp-\o¿-Øp-≈n- -(_n-)- ]-tcm-Z-\w--(kn-)- tem-Im-¥-c-ß-fn¬- -(Un-)- _-[n-c-hn-em-]w-

194.- B-cp-sS- c-N-\-I-fm-Wv- Im-®n-°p-dp-°n-b- I-hn-X- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv-?-(F-)- N-ß-ºp-g- -(_n-)- ssh-tem-∏n-≈n--(kn-)- Ip-am-c-\m-im-≥ (Un-)- h-≈-tØmƒ-

195.- B-cp-sS- Xq-en-Im-\m-a-am-Wv- B-\-µv-?-(F-)- Ip-™-\-¥-≥\m-b¿- -(_n-)- ]n.-k-®n-Zm-\-µ-≥-(kn-)- Ir-jv-W-]n-jm-c-Sn- -(Un-)- tKm-hn-µ-]n-jm-c-Sn-

196.- aq¿-Øn-tZ-hn- A-hm¿-Un-\v- a-e-bm-f-Øn¬-\n-∂v- B-Zy-am-bn- A¿-l-X- t\-Sn-b-Xv-:-(F-)- A-ø-∏-∏-Wn-°¿- -(_n-) A-°n-Øw(kn-)- _m-em-a-Wn-b-Ω- -(Un-)- H.-F-≥.-hn.-

197.- -a-e-bm-f-Øn-se- B-Zy-sØ- k-©m-c-km-ln-Xy-Ir-Xn-:-(F-)- h¿-Ø-am-\-∏p-kv-X-Iw- -(_n-)- _n-em-Øn-hn-ti-jw- -(kn-)- Im-∏n-cn-I-fp-sS- \m-ń¬- -(Un-)- knw-l-`q-an-

198.- Km-\-c-N-\-bv-°v- tZ-io-b- A-hm¿-Uv- t\-Sn-b- B-Zy- a-e-bm-f- I-hn-:-(F-)- ]n.-`m-kv-I-c-≥-(_n-)- H.-F-≥.-hn.-Ip-dp-∏v- -(kn-)- h-b-em¿- cm-a-h¿-a- -(Un-)- I-S-Ω-\n-´-

199. -"-ssh-Øn-∏-´¿-'- F-∂- I-Ym-]m-X-sØ-kr-jv-Sn-®-Xv-:-(F-)- N-¥p-ta-t\m-≥-(_n-)- A-∏p- s\-Sp-ßm-Sn- -(kn-)- kn.-hn.- cm-a-≥ ]n-≈- -(Un-) X-I-gn-

200 .-Xp-≈¬- ]-ÿm-\-Øn-s‚- D-]-⁄m-Xm-hm-b- I-hn-:-(F-)- ]q-¥m-\w- (_n-) Ip-©-≥ \-ºym¿--(kn-)- ta¬-∏-Øq¿- (Un-)- sNdpt»cn

DØc-ßƒ

101(b) 102(a) 103(b) 104(b) 105(a) 106(c)

107(a) 108(c) 109(c) 110(d) 111(c) 112(a)

113(d) 114(c) 115(a) 116(c) 117(d) 118(d)

119(d) 120(c) 121(c) 122(c) 123(a) 124(b)

125(b) 126(b) 127(c) 128(b) 129(c) 130(d)1

31(a) 132(c) 133(c) 134(d) 135(b) 136(a)

137(a) 138(a) 139(d) 140(a) 141(d) 142(a)

143(b) 144(b) 145(c) 146(d) 147(c) 148(c)

149(a) 150(a) 151(d) 152(b) 153(d) 154(c)

155(c) 156(b) 157(c) 158(b) 159(d) 160(d)

161(b) 162(c) 163(d) 164(b) 165(c) 166(c)

167(c) 168(d) 169(c) 170(c) 171(b) 172(c)

173(d) 174(a) 175(c) 176(c) 177(b) 178(a)

179(c) 180(a) 181(a) 182(b) 183(b) 184(d)

185(d) 186(b) 187(d) 188(c) 189(b) 190(a)

191(c) 192(d) 193(a) 194(b) 195(b) 196(b)

197(a) 198(c) 199(a) 200(b)

PSC BULLETINFortnightly

1. R.N. 44588/86 Reg. No. KL/TV (N)34/2015-172. Licence No. for posting without pre payment - KL/TV(N)/WPP/165/2015-17

Rupees 10February 15, 2017

Views and ideas expressed in the articles published in PSC Bulletin are not, necessarily, those of the Commission. Edited and Published by Saju George, SecretaryKerala Public Service Commission on behalf of Kerala Public Service Commission and Printed by him at P. Krishna Pillai Memorial Printing & Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd, Thiruvananthapuram.

* C¥ybn-se- B-Zy-sØ- Un-Pn-‰¬- Pn-√-bm-bn- ]-Jym-]n-®-Xv- \m-Kv-]q-cn-s\-bm-Wv-(2016).-

*- -sN-ss∂- ssl-t°m-S-Xn-bp-sS- ]-cn-[n-bn¬- h-cp-∂- tI-µ-`-c-W- ]-tZ-i-am-Wv-]p-Xp-t®-cn.-

*- - -c-W-]-c-am-bn- Z-£n-tW-jy-bn¬- B-sW-¶n-epw- `q-an-im-kv-X-]-c-am-bn- sX-°p-In-g-°-≥ G-jy-bp-sS- `m-K-am-b- C-¥y-≥ `q-hn-`m-K-am-Wv- B-¥-am-≥ \n-t°m-_m¿.-

*- -1956 \-hw-_¿- aq-∂p-ap-X¬- 1967 sa-bv- 31h-sc- 10 h¿-j-hpw- 209 Zn-h-k-hpw- _w-Kmƒ-K-h¿-W¿- ]-Z-hn- h-ln-®- ]-Zv-a-P- \m-bn-Up-hm-Wv- C-¥y-bn¬- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬-Im-ew- K-h¿-W¿- ]-Zw- h-ln-®- h-\n-X.-

*- 2014 Pq-sse- B-dp-ap-X¬- 2014 Hm-K-Ãv-B-dp-h-sc- 31 Zn-h-kw- an-skm-dw- K-h¿-W-dm-b- I-a-em- s_-\n-hmƒ- B-Wv- G-‰-hpw-Ip-d-®p-Im-ew- C-¥y-bn¬- K-h¿-W¿- ]-Zw-h-ln-®- h-\n-X.-

*- -1948 Pq-sse- am-k-Øn¬- a-Wn-∏q¿- tÃ-‰v-A-kw-_v-fn-bn-te-°v- ]m-b-]q¿-Øn- thm--h-Im-i-Øn-s‚- A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬- \-S-∂-

Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏v- C-¥y-bn¬-Ø-s∂- C-Ø-c-Øn-ep-≈- B-Zy-sØ- Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏m-sW-∂v- ]-cm-a¿-in-°-s∏-Sp-∂p- (1948 s^-_p-h-cn-bn¬- Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn¬- ]m-b-]q¿-Øn- thm-´-h-Im-i-Øn-s‚- A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬- Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏v- \-S-∂n-cp-∂p.- F-∂m¬,- A-Xn-s‚- -e-am-bn- cq-]w-sIm-≠-P-\-]-Xn-\n-[n-k-`- ]-h¿-Øn-®-Xv- `-c-W-L-S-\-\n¿-am-W-k-`- F-∂- \n-e-bn-em-Wv-.- ]n-∂o-Sv- _-lp-P-\-t\-Xm-°-fp-sS- A- y¿-Y-\- B-Z-cn-®v- 1948 am¿-®v- 24\v- A-kw-ªn-sb- \n-b-a-\n¿-am-W-k-`-bm-°n-s°m-≠p-≈- hn-fw-_-cw- Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿- a-lm-cm-Pm-hv- ]p-d-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.- sIm-®n- se-Pn-t…-‰o-hv- Iu- -kn-en-te-°v- ]m-b-]q¿-Øn- thm- -h-Im-i-Øn-s‚- A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬- Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏v- \-S-∂-Xv- 1948 sk-

]v-Xw-_-dn-em-Wv-).- 1956˛¬- a-Wn-∏q-cn-s‚- ]m¿-v- kn- kw-ÿm-\w- F-∂- ]-Z-hn- A-h-km-\n-

°p-I-bpw- tI-µ- -c-W-]-tZ-i-am-Ip-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.- 1972 P-\p-h-cn- 21 -\v- B-Wv- a-Wn-∏q-cn-\v- kw-ÿm-\- ]-Z-hn- e- n-°p-∂-Xv.-

*- -]m¿-e-sa-‚ v- ]m-km-°n-b- Pn-F-kv-Sn- (N-c-°v-tk-h-\- \n-Ip-Xn-)- _n¬- dm-‰n-ss - sN-bv-X-B-Zy- kw-ÿm-\w- (2016)- A-kw- B-Wv.-

*- -C-¥y-bn¬- Hm-d¬- t]m-fn-tbm- hm-Iv-kn-s‚-]-Y-a- tUm-kv- B-Zy-am-bn- \¬-In-b-Xv- 1995am¿-®v- 16˛-\v- B-Wv.- Cu- Zn-\w- tZ-io-b-hm-Iv-kn-t\-j-≥ Zn-\-am-bn- B-N-cn-°p-∂p.-

*- - 1889˛¬- B-Wv- C-¥y-≥ \m-j-W¬- tIm-¨-K-kn-s‚- _n-ń-jv- I-Ωn-‰n- e-≠-\n¬-]-h¿-Ø-\w- B-cw- n-®-Xv.- hn-eyw- sh-Õ¿-t_- - B-bn-cp-∂p- B-Zy- sN-b¿-am-≥.- hn-eyw- Zn-Kv-_n- B-Zy- sk-I- -dn-bm-bn.- I-Ωn-‰n-bp-sS- B- n-ap-Jy-Øn¬- C-¥y- F-∂- t]-cn¬- H-cp- ]-kn-≤o-I-c-W-hpw- B-cw- n-®p.-

*- -I-kv-Xp¿-_- Km-‘n-bp-sS- P-∑-Zn-\-am-b- G-]n¬- 11 am-Xr-kp-c-£m- Zn-\-am-bn- B-N-cn-°p-∂p.-

*- -I¿-Wm-S-I-Øn-se- aq-Z-_n-Zn- F-∂- ÿ-e-am-Wv- sX-t°- C-¥y-bn-se- ssP-\-Im-in- F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.-

*- -tI-c-f-sØ- Iq-Sm-sX- B-\- kw-ÿm-\- ar-K-am-b- Z-£n-tW-¥y-≥ kw-ÿm-\w- I¿-Wm-S-I-am-Wv.-

*- -B-¥-am-≥ -\n-t°m-_m¿- Zzo-]-k-aq-l-ß-fp-sS- B-Zy-sØ- -c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bm-bn- t\-Xm-Pn- kp-`m-jv- N-µ-t_m-kv- \n-tbm-Kn-®-sF-F-≥F-bp-sS- ta-P¿- P-\-d¬- B-bn-cp-∂p- tem-I-\m-Y-≥.-

*- -C-¥y-bn-em-Zy-am-bn- C-‚¿-s\-‰v- thm-ń-Mv-\-S-Øn-b-Xv- Kp-P-d-Øn-se- 2010˛¬- \-S-∂- ap-\n-kn-∏¬- Xn-c-s™-Sp-∏n¬- B-dv-hm¿-Up-I-fn-em-Wv.-

*- -Pm-en-b-≥hm-e-_m-Kv- Iq-´-s°m-e-bn¬- c-

c‡-km-£n-XzZn\-am-N-cn®p

tIcf ]ªn-Iv- k¿-∆o-kv- I-Ωo-j-≥ B-ÿm-\- B-ô-kn¬- 2017 P-\p-h-cn- 30 cm-hn-se- 11 a-Wn-°v- sN-b¿-am-≥ A-Uz.- Fw.-sI.-k-°o-dn-s‚- t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬- c-‡-km-£n-Zn-\w- B-N-cn-®p.- I-Ωo-j-≥ lm-fn¬- \-S-∂- N-S-ßn¬- ]n.-F-kv.-kn.- sa-º¿-am-cpw- sk-I- -dn-bpw- Po-h-\-°m-cpw- ]-s¶-SpØp.

tIc-f-Øn¬ k¿°m¿ B`n-ap-Jy-Øn-ep≈ G‰hpw]Nm-c-ap≈ ]kn-≤o-I-c-W-amWv ]nFkvkn _p≈-‰n≥. Hmtcm ]©m-b-Ønepw GP≥kn G¿s∏-SpØn_p≈-‰n≥ hmßp-∂-Xn-\p≈ kwhn-[m\w hn]p-eo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn _p≈-‰n\n\pw Pq_nen ]Xn-∏n\pwGP≥kn C√mØ ÿe-ß-fn¬ GP≥kn £Wn°p-

GP≥kn £Wn°p-∂pefn-X-amb hyh-ÿ-IƒBI¿j-I-amb IΩn-j≥C -sa-bn¬ ([email protected]) hgn At]£m t^mdw e`n-°p∂p_m¶v/Sjdn/t]mtÃm- okv/]nFkvkn Hmôkv hgn ]W-a-Sbv°mwkXz-c-ambn \S-]-Sn-Iaw ]q¿Øn-bm°p∂psImdn-b¿ Nm¿Pv kuP\yw

]nFkvkn _p≈-‰n≥˛ Adnhv t\Sm\pwhnPbw kz¥-am-°m\pw

]ªnIv dnte-j≥kv Hmô-k¿,tIcf ]ªnIv k¿hokv IΩn-j≥,]´w, Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cw-˛4

GP≥kn hyh-ÿ-Iƒ X]m-en¬ e`n-°m≥

IqSp-X¬ hnh-c-ßƒ°vC∂p-Xs∂ hnfn-°pI 0471 2546270.

‡-km-£n-I-fm-b-h¿-°v- D-Nn-X-am-b- kv-am-c-Iw- \n¿-an-°p-∂-Xn-\v- ]-Wv-Un-‰v- a-Z-≥ tam-l-≥ am-f-hy- A-[y-£-\m-bn- H-cp- k-an-Xn-sb- \n-tbm-Kn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.- F-∂m¬,-C-Xv- bm-Ym¿-Yy-am-b-Xv- kzm-X-¥ym-\-¥-c-am-Wv.- 1961 G-]n¬- 13˛-\m-Wv- cm-jv-S-]-Xn- tUm.-cm-tP-µ-]-km-Zv- A-a¿- tPym-Xn-F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- Cu- kv-am-c-Iw- cm-jv-S-Øn-\v- k-a¿-∏n-®-Xv.-

*- -Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿- -c-W-Øn¬- \n¿-Wm-b-I-kzm-[o-\w- sN-ep-Øn-bn-cp-∂- F-´p-ho-ń¬-]n-≈-am¿- C-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p-˛-am¿-Øm-Wv-U-a-Tw-]n-≈,- cm-a-\m-a-Tw- ]n-≈,- Ip-f-Øq¿-]n-≈,- I-g-°p-´-Øp-]n-≈,- sh-ßm-\q¿- ]n-≈,- sN-º-g-¥n- ]n-≈,- Ip-S-a-¨- ]n-≈,- ]-≈n-®¬- ]n-≈.-

*- C-¥y-bn-se- c-≠m-a-sØ-bpw- Z-£n-tW-¥y-bn-se- B-Zy-sØ-bpw- h-\n-Xm- Un.-Pn.-]n.-(X-an-gv-\m-Sv-)- B-b- e-Xn-Im- i-c-¨- C-Sp-°n-bn-em-Wv- P-\n-®-Xv- (1952).-

*- -G-‰hpw- P-\-kw-Jy- Iq-Sn-b- sX-t°- C-¥y-≥ kw-ÿm-\w- X-an-gv-\m-Sm-Wv.- B-‘m-]-tZ-in-s\- hn-`-Pn-®v- sX-e-¶m-\- cq-]-h-Xv-I-cn-®-tXm-sS-bm-Wv- X-an-gv-\m-Sn-\v- Cu- ÿm-\w- e-`n-®-Xv.

2017 s^_p-hcn 06 \v tN¿∂ IΩn-j≥ tbmK Xocp-am-\-ßƒ sI.-F-kv.-B¿.-Sn.-kn. bn¬ dnk¿hv ssUh¿ XkvXn-I-bn-te°v

imco-cnI Af-sh-Sp∏v, ]mtbm-KnI ]co£ F∂nh \S-Øpw. ap\n-kn-∏¬ tIma¨ k¿∆o-kn¬ Pq\n-b¿ sl¬Øv

C≥kvs]-IvS¿ tKUv 2 XkvXn-IbpsS dm¶v ]ńI tImSXnhn[nbv°v hnt[-b-am-bpw, k¿°m-cn¬ \n∂p≈ tbmK-y-X-bpsSkzo-Im-c-yX kw_-‘n® k¿°m¿ DØ-c-hns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Ønepw ]kn-≤o-Icn-°pw.

Kh¨sa‚ v Bbp¿thZ tImtf-Pp-I-fn¬ (I-Æq¿) Bbp¿thZsXdm-∏nÃv XkvXn-I-bn¬ H.-Fw.-B¿. ]co-£-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ tjm¿´v enkv‰v ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°m≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p.

F√m Pn√-I-fn-te°pw hnZ-ym- -ymk hIp-∏n¬ F®v.-F-kv.-F.\mN-z-d¬ kb≥kv ae-bmfw,

XkvXn-I-bn-te-°p≈ tjm¿´v enÃv ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°m≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p.

tImgn-t°mSv Pn√-bn¬ Pn√m kl-I-cW _m¶n¬ ¢m¿°v/Imj-y¿ (F≥.-kn.-F.- -lnµp \mSm¿), kmt¶-XnI hnZ-ym- -ymkhIp-∏n¬ eIvN-d¿ C≥ ss^≥ B¿Svkv F∂o XkvXn-IIfn-te°v Hm¨sse≥ ]co-£-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ km[-y-Xm-]- nI ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°m≥ Xocp-am-\n-®p.

kmt¶-XnI hnZ-ym- -ymk hIp-∏n¬ F©n-\o-b-dnwKv tImtf-Pp-Ifn¬ eIvN-d¿ C≥ B¿°n-sS-IvN¿ (F≥.-kn.-F.- -H.-F-Ivkv)XkvXn-I-bn-te°v c≠v XhW F≥.-kn.-F. hn⁄m-]\w ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-®n´pw tbmK-y-cmb DtZ-ym-Km¿∞n-Isf e -y-am-ImØ

kml-N-c-y-Øn¬ Sn Hgnhv amXr dm¶v enÃn¬ Ah-ti-jn-°p∂sXm´-SpØ kwh-cW kap-Zm-b-Ønse DtZ-ym-Km¿∞n-sb-s°m≠v \nI-Øp-∂-Xn\v Xocp-am-\n-®p.

lb¿ sk°‚dn hnZ-ym- -ymk hIp-∏n¬ F®v.-F-kv.-F-kv.-Sn. Iº-yq- ¿ kb≥kv, F®v.-F-kv.-F-kv.-Sn. sIankvSn Pq\n-b¿ (]- n-I-PmXn/]ń-I-h¿§m-°mcn¬\n∂p≈ ]tX-yI \nb-a\w) XkvXn-IIfnte°v Npcp-°-∏- nI Xøm-dm-°pw.

tK‰¿ sIm®n≥ Uh-e-]vsa‚ v AtXm-dn-‰n-bnse Um v‰vkv-am≥ tKUv 2 (πm-\nw-Kv) XkvXnIbnse Hgn-hp-Iƒ Xt±ikz-bw-`-cW hIp-∏nse Sn XkvXn-I-bnse dm¶v enÃn¬Dƒs∏´ DtZ-ym-Km¿∞n-I-fn¬ \n∂pw kΩ-X-]Xw hmßnbtijw \nI-Øpw.

h¨ ssSw shcn- n-t°-j-\n¬ Bh-i-y-amb t`Z-K-Xn-Iƒhcp-Øpw. H.-Sn.-hn. k¿ń- n-°‰v \nb-a\ in]m¿i thf-bn¬\nb-a\ A[n-Im-cn°v Ab®v sImSp-°pw. DtZ-ym-Km¿∞n-Iƒ°v H.-Sn.-hn. k¿°n- n-°-‰ns‚ ]n.-Un.-F v s]mss -en¬e -y-am-Ipw. A`n-ap-J-Øn\v £Wn-°-s∏-Sp∂ DtZ-ym-Km¿∞n-Iƒ H.-Sn.hn k¿ń- n-°-‰ns‚ ]n‚u v lmP-cm-°-Ww.

Nnßw H∂v (2017 HmKÃv 17) ae-bmf `mjm Zn\-ambn BN-cn-°p-w. bp.-]n.-F-kn. bntebpw CXc kwÿm\ ]n.-F-kv.-kn.Ifn-sebpw sNb¿am≥am-tcbpw saw_¿amscbpw Dƒs∏-SpØnin¬]-ime kwL-Sn-∏n-°pw. A£b kwc- -I¿°v h¨ ssSwcPn-kv-tS-j≥ kw_-‘n®v sSbn-\nMv sImSp-°pw.

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