Nahw Intro

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Shariah Program Online - Nahw Intro 1

The Science of ArabicGrammar

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2Shariah Program Online - Nahw Intro

Study of the science of Classical Arabic requires the study of itstwo major sub-sciences, namely and

Morphology the study of the patterns of vowelization

which convey tense and voice, and the suffixes that reflect thegender etc. of the subjects of verbs.

Syntax the study of how words are arranged to form meaningful sentences, and how grammatical structure isdetermined by the endings of the three parts of speech.

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Map of the Arabic Language

The most basic utterance which comes out of the human beings mouth is termed

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and

. If it has no established meaning, it is known as (meaningless), whereas if it does convey established meaning, it is called (meaningful).

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and could be either one word, termed (single) also known as word) or a group of)

words; (compound).

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Sentences and Phrases

The group of words can be linked together so asto result in a complete sentence;

/ / (beneficial combination/sentence), orit may constitute a phrase; -non)beneficial combination).

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) (

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Building Blocks of Arabic

The Arabic word ( :is divided into three types (

,

and

. Stated otherwise, every word in the Arabic dictionary falls into one of these threecategories. Unlike English which has eight parts of speech, in Arabic there are only three. Thisinconsistency will become clear only after precisedefinitions are given to the three types

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Arabic Words

1. is the : that gives a full independent meaning in itself and is not linked to time, e.g. ,(man) (house). The category is broader thannoun in that it also includes three others from the eight English parts of speech, namely pronouns, adjectives and adverbs.

2. is the : that gives a full independent meaning in itself and is also linked to time, e.g. ,(he wrote) (he helps). This is exactly thesame as the verb in English.

3.

: is the

which has no independent meaning of its own i.e. canonly be understood after coupling either a noun or a verb to it, e.g. (in),

(on),(and). This category includes prepositions, conjunctions, andarticles.

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) (

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Nahw Intro