Name: _________________________________________________________

Mammals 1. The term viviparous means (A) the young are born alive after developing inside the mother’s body (C) egg carriers (B) egg layers (D) the young are born alive after developing in eggs 2. The class Mammalia, consists of vertebrates that (A) nurse their young with milk (B) have body hair (C) are mostly viviparous (D) all of the above 3. Mammals share the following characteristics with birds (A) preen glands (B) a four chambered heart (C) endothermy (D) both B and C 4. Mammals have relatively few offspring because (A) their parents do not live long (C) most of the offspring have mutations (B) only one or two can be fed any given time (D) not enough sperm are produced by the male of the species 5. The koala is a pouched animal and is therefore classified as a (A) a placental mammal (B) a monotreme (C) a marsupial (D) an egg layer 6. The rumen portion of the stomach (A) is not found in humans (C) is found in a select group of hoofed mammals (B) contains bacteria that digests plants (D) all of these choices are correct 7. Carnivorous mammals are generally characterized by having (A) large molars (B) hoofs (C) long, sharp canine teeth (D) poor vision 8. Humans belong to which class of mammals? (A) placental (B) monotremes (C) marsupials (D) cephalopods 9. Mammals that lay eggs are called (A) viviparous (B) monotremes (C) marsupials (D) oviparous (E) both B and D 10. The gestation period refers to (A) the period of time during which the young mammal develops within the uterus (B) the state of hibernation (C) the estrus cycle (D) the process of breaking down food Label the following diagram and explain the function of each tooth. (refer to pages 865 and 876)

Incisors – Chisel like incisors are use to cut

Canines – Pointed canines grip puncture and tear Premolars- Shear, shred cut and grind

Molars – grind, crush or cut

Explain ,with examples ,what you can determine by looking at the skull of a mammal. The skull of a mammal is distinct from other vertebrates in that it has a single lower Jawbone. Also, by looking at its teeth, you can determine what it eats. Finally, the position of its eyes can tell you if it is a predator or prey species M atch the mammal groups on the left with their description on the right. (refer to pages 867 – 874)

1. __F___ Monotremata A. toothless mammals; tree sloths, anteaters and armadillos

2. __L___ Marsupials B. may have been the first placental mammals; represented by shrews, moles and hedgehogs

3. __B___ Insectivora C. whales, dolphins and porpoises

4. __D___ Rodentia D. the largest order of mammals; teeth grow all their lives. Includes mice, squirrels and porcupines

5. __K___ Lagomorpha E. Hoofed animals that chew “cud” which is regurgitated from the rumen; includes hippopotamus

6. __G___ Chiroptera F. oviparous mammals that include the platypus and echidna

7. __C___ Cetacea G. use echolocation to navigate; flying foxes and bats are examples

8. __I___ Sirenia H. large canine teeth; lions, tigers and bears

9. __H___ Carnivora I. endangered aquatic mammals; may share a common ancestor with elephants

10.__E___ Artiodactyla J. largest land mammals; loss of habitat and poaching threatens their existence

11.__M___ Perissodactyl K. have four upper incisors; a characteristic that distinguishes them from rodents

12.__A___ Xenartha L. viviparous mammals that complete development outside of the uterus inside a protective pouch

13.__J___ Proboscidea M. ungulates that lack a rumen but have a cecum which can break down cellulose

14.__N___ Primate N. eyes face forward; highly developed intelligence

15. _O___ Pinnipeds O. water dwelling carnivores with streamlined bodies for efficient swimming. For each of the pictures below, identify each order of mammals by placing the number from above

4

3

2 1

6 14

10 12