Name the Functions of the Maxillary Premolars

7/28/2019 Name the Functions of the Maxillary Premolars

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Name the functions of the maxillary premolars. 1. Function with the molars in themastication of food

2. Assist canines in shearing or cutting

food

3. Maintain the vertical dimension ofthe face by supporting the corners of

the mouth and cheeks to keep them

from sagging

Are the premolars anterior or posterior to the molars? Anterior

On which maxillary premolar is the buccal ridgemore pronounced?

Maxillary 1st premolar

The lingual surface has ____ lobe(s). One

The lingual lobe of the maxillary premolar forms one

_________ _______.

Lingual cusp

From the facial, maxillary premolars are narrower in

the __________ ________ than occlusally.

Cervical third

On the lingual surface, the crest of curvature islocated on the ______ _______.

Middle third

On the buccal surface, the crest of curvature is

located on the _______ _______.

Cervical third

Premolar crowns are ________ than anterior tooth

crowns.

Shorter

When viewed from the proximal, curvature of thecervical line is slightly greater on the ____ than on

the _____ surface.

M ; D

Facial and lingual root surfaces are _______ and

taper apically.

convex

Apical third is usually bent ________. distally


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The root is more narrow on the ___ side. L

When do maxillary 1st premolars begin to calcify? 1.5 years

Maxillary 1st Premolars enamel completed? 5-6 years

Maxillary 1st Premolars erupt? 10-11 years

Maxillary 1st Premolars root completed? 12-13 years

How many cusps do maxillary 1st premolars have? 2; 1 buccal, 1 lingual

Maxillary premolars are the only premolars that have

__ ______ and __ _______ ________.

2 roots ; 2 pulp canals

On the maxillary 1st premolar, the ______ cusp is

longer than the ______ cusp.

buccal ; lingual

On maxillary 1st premolars the tip of the buccal cusp

is located ________ to the midline.

distally

On maxillary 1st premolars, the M and D marginal

ridges are _______ than on a canine.

sharper

On maxillary 1st premolars, the buccal surface is

convex with a well developed middle lobe or _____

_____.

buccal ridge

The maxillary 1st premolars have a _________________ developmental groove with ___ and ___

pits on the occlusal surface.

Long central; M; D

The maxillary 1st premolars have a prominentconcavity in the _______ _______ of the ___ surface.

cervical third; M

All maxillary premolars are shaped like a ________from the proximal view

trapezoid


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(maxillary 1st premolars)A mesial marginal groovecrosses the _______ marginal ridge and extends from

the occlusal to the ________ third of the crown. *Not

always present

mesial; middle

The most consistent and obvious trait of the maxillary1st premolar crown is the _______ _________

_________.

mesial developmental groove

(maxillary 1st premolarsThe mesial developmental

groove is a prominent mesial concavity _______ to

the contact area.

cervical

Maxillary 1st premolar is the only premolar where

the _______ longitudinal root depression is deeperthan on the ________ side.

mesial; distal

(Maxillary 1st premolar) A bifurcation occurs in the

________ third.

apical

(Maxillary 1st premolar) Mesial curvature of CEJslightly ________ than on the distal side.

greater

(Maxillary 1st premolar) Both the buccal and lingual

cusp tips are centered over the ________.

root

(Maxillary 1st premolar) Occlusally, the lingual cusp

is more ________ than the buccal cusp, but thebuccal cusp is ________ and ________.

pointed; larger; longer

(Maxillary 1st premolar) Occlusally, the crown is

______ on the buccal than on the lingual surface.

wider

(Maxillary 1st premolar) Central developmental

grooves run across the center with a ____ at both

ends.

pit

(Maxillary 1st premolar) An important distinguishingcharacteristic is a mesial marginal groove almost

always crosses the ______ marginal ridge and

mesial; central


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connects with the ________ groove.

(Maxillary 1st premolar) The _________ occlusaloutline is another distinguishing feature.

asymmetrical

Any ridge that runs from the cusp tip to the central

grove is a _________ ridge.

triangular

Two triangular ridges cross the tooth BL and form a

_______ ridge.

transverse

__________ anatomical features are composed of themajor structures, grooves and pits that are pertinent

for the teeth. They occur regularly with uniformity in

shape and size

Primary

_______ grooves are sharp, deep and V-shaped;

occur consistently.

Primary

All __________ grooves are primary grooves. developmental

__________ grooves are more shallow and irregularin shape giving the tooth a wrinkled appearance. Not

always present.

Secondary

Secondary grooves are __________ grooves supplemental

Few ________ grooves are seen on a maxillary 1stpremolar.

secondary

How many roots are most common for maxillary 1st

premolar?

2 (1 buccal, 1 lingual)

The _______ root is longer than the ________. buccal; lingual

Usually, there are __ root canals present even in the

single root form.

2

Bifurcation occurs in the ______ third. apical


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On the ________ root form, the M root surface willhave a highly developed ______ _______.

single; root groove

The pulp cavity has __ pulp horns, 1 for each cusp,

and __ root canals, 1 for each root.

2; 2

(M1Pm) Universal Code 5 and 12

(M1Pm) Number of roots 2

(M1Pm) Number of pulp horns 2

(M1Pm)Number of cusps 2

(M1Pm)Number of developmental lobes 4

(M1Pm) Height of contour cervical third to middle third

(M1Pm) Facial cusp is ______ and ______ than the

lingual cusp.

wider; longer

(M1Pm) Mesial marginal groove crosses the __

marginal ridge and extends onto the __ surface.

M; M

(M2Pm) Evidence of calcification 2 years

(M2Pm) Enamel completed 6-7 years

(M2Pm) Eruption 10-12 years

(M2Pm) Root completed 12-14 years

(M2Pm) Crown is less angular and more _______

appearance than the 1st; crown is noticeably

________.

rounded; smaller

(M2Pm) Usually have only __ root 1


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(M2Pm) Generally root is ______ than that of a 1st. longer

(M2Pm) Two cusps of more ______ length. _______cusp is less pointed than on a 1st.

equal; Buccal

(M2Pm) Occlusal outline is more ________ than a

1st.

rounded

(M2Pm) ________ central developmental groove. Short

(M2Pm)______ supplemental grooves. Groove

pattern is _____ distinct, giving the occlusal surface amore wrinkled appearance.

Many; less

True or False: The M2Pm has a mesial crown

concavity.

False

(M2Pm) How many roots does a maxillary 2nd

premolar have?

One usually

T/F: The M root concavity on the M2Pm is not as

pronounced as on the M1Pm.

True

(M2Pm) _________ grooves on the M and D surfacesgives the appearance of trying to divide the root into

2

Longitudinal

(M2Pm) In a bifurcated root, if present, there will behow many canals and how many apical foramen?

2; 2

(M2Pm) How much longer is the root than the

crown?

1&3/4 the length of the crown

(M2Pm) Universal code 4 and 13

(M2Pm) How many roots? 1

(M2Pm) How many pulp horns? 2


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(M2Pm)How many cusps? 2

(M2Pm) How many developmental lobes? 4

(M2Pm) Height of contour cervical to middle third

What percent of M2Pm have 2 root canals? 40%

(M2Pm) T/F: B and L cusps are nearly equal in

length

True

(M2Pm) Occlusal is more rounded with more

___________ grooves.

supplemental

M1Pm or M2Pm: Crown symmetrical, more oval M2Pm

M1Pm or M2Pm: Divided or 2 roots M1Pm

M1Pm or M2Pm: Fewer supplemental grooves M1Pm

M1Pm or M2Pm: Less likely M marginal ridge

groove

M2Pm

M1Pm or M2Pm: Cusp tips close together M1Pm

M1Pm or M2Pm: B and L cusps same length M2Pm

M1Pm or M2Pm: M root depression but not crown M2Pm

M1Pm or M2Pm: Crown asymmetrical, more

hexagonal

M1Pm

M1Pm or M2Pm: Cusp tips farther apart M2Pm

M1Pm or M2Pm: M crown and root depression M1Pm

M1Pm or M2Pm: D root depression deeper than M M2Pm


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M1Pm or M2Pm: M marginal ridge groove M1Pm

M1Pm or M2Pm: B cusp longer than L M1Pm

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Name the Functions of the Maxillary Premolars