Name Topic 11 Test 2020

1) limestone 2) dolostone 3) rock gypsum 4) rock salt

1. Which rock is composed of the mineral halite that formed when seawater evaporated?

1) quartz 2) pyroxene3) gypsum 4) calcite

2. Which mineral can be found in the rocks phyllite,sandstone, and granite?

1) galena and graphite2) muscovite mica and biotite mica3) garnet and flourite4) hematite and magnetite

3. Which two minerals are commercial sources of iron?

1) basalt 2) limestone3) schist 4) slate

4. Which rock would be the best source of the mineralgarnet?

1) sulfuric acid 2) pencil lead3) plaster of paris 4) window glass

5. Which material is made mostly of the mineral quartz?

1) pyroxene 2) quartz3) biotite 4) potassium feldspar

6. Which mineral can be found in all samples of rhyoliteand andesite?

1) sandstone 2) gabbro3) granite 4) phyllite

7. The three statements below are observations of thesame rock sample:• The rock has intergrown crystals from 2 to 3millimeters in diameter.• The minerals in the rock are gray feldspar, greenolivine, green pyroxene, and black amphibole.• There are no visible gas pockets in the rock.

This rock sample is most likely

1) garnet 2) halite3) sulfur 4) graphite

8. Which mineral is commonly used as an abrasive?

1) scoria 2) gabbro3) schist 4) shale

9. Which type of rock most likely contains fossils?

1) 2)

3) 4)

10. Which graph best represents the textures of granite,pegmatite, and rhyolite?

1) light reflects from crystal surfaces2) energy is released during crystallization3) of impurities that produce surface variations4) of the internal arrangement of the atoms

11. The diagrams below show the crystal shapes of twominerals.

Quartz and halite have different crystal shapesprimarily because

1) extrusive igneous2) intrusive igneous3) clastic sedimentary4) chemical sedimentary

12. Most rocks that form from fragmental rock particlesare classified as

1) color and type of luster 2) streak and hardness3) composition and atomic arrangement 4) density and magnetism

13.The diagrams below represent the crystal shape and type of cleavage of two different minerals.

The crystal shape and type of cleavage of these two minerals are determined mainly by the minerals'

1) pyrite 2) pyroxene 3) olivine 4) garnet

14. The data table below gives characteristics of the gemstone peridot.

Peridot is a form of the mineral

1) Most minerals crystallize at the same temperature.2) Most felsic minerals usually crystallize before most mafic minerals.3) Muscovite mica and quartz are the last minerals to crystallize as magma cools.4) Biotite mica is the first mineral to crystallize as magma cools.

15. The diagram of Bowen's Reaction Series below indicates the relative temperatures at which specificminerals crystallize as magma cools.

Which statement is best supported by Bowen's Reaction Series?

16. Base your answer to the following question on the graph below, which shows the crustal temperature and pressure conditions under which threedifferent minerals with the same chemical composition (Al2SiO5) crystallize.

1) pyrite 2) gypsum3) dolomite 4) potassium feldspar

Which mineral has a chemical composition most similar to andalusite, sillimanite, and kyanite?

1) melting 2) runoff3) condensation 4) evaporation

17. Which process led to the formation of thick saltdeposits found in the bedrock at some locations inNew York State?

1) rock gypsum 2) phyllite3) breccia 4) coal

18. Which rock was organically formed and sometimescontains fossilized plant impressions?

1) slowly, deep below Earth's surface2) slowly, on Earth's surface3) quickly, deep below Earth's surface4) quickly, on Earth's surface

19. Obsidian's glassy texture indicates that it formed

1) andesite 2) pegmatite3) pumice 4) scoria

20. Which igneous rock has a vesicular texture andcontains the minerals potassium feldspar and quartz?

1)

2)

3)

4)

21. Which model best represents the silicon-oxygentetrahedron?

1) sandstone and limestone2) shale and coal3) breccia and rock salt4) conglomerate and siltstone

22. The diagram below shows a drill core of sedimentthat was taken from the bottom of a lake.

Which types of rock would most likely form fromcompaction and cementation of these sediments?

1)

2)

3)

4)

23. What are the rock name and map symbol used torepresent the sedimentary rock that has a grain sizeof 0.006 to 0.2 centimeters?

1) clastic sedimentary rock formed from organicsubstances

2) chemically formed sedimentary rock thatconsists mainly of the mineral calcite

3) regional metamorphic rock with block likefoliation

4) contact metamorphic rock that results from thealteration of limestone by contact with anigneous intrusion

24. Which type of rock is represented by the mapsymbol below?

25. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below, which represents a scheme forclassifying rocks. The letters A, B, C and X, Y, Z represent missing labels.

1) shale, slate, and schist2) sandstone, shale, and siltstone3) anthracite coal, metaconglomerate, and rock salt4) breccia, gneiss, and rhyolite

Which rocks could be represented by circles X, Y, and Z?

26. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below, which represents a rock composedof cemented pebbles and sand.

1) The density of the pebbles and sand would decrease.2) The rock would become a plutonic rock composed mostly of quartz.3) The rock would become more felsic with a higher concentration of magnesium.4) The pebbles would become distorted and the sand would be recrystallized.

Which change would most likely occur if this rock became buried deep within Earth's crust and wassubjected to intense heat and pressure, but did not melt?

27. Base your answer to the following question on the graph below and on your knowledge of Earthscience.

The graph shows the temperature, pressure, and depth environments for the formation of the threemajor rock types. Pressure is shown in kilobars (kb). Letters A through D identify differentenvironmental conditions for rock formation.

1) quartzite 2) scoria 3) shale 4) granite

Which rock is most likely to form directly from rock material at a depth of 30 km and a temperatureof 1000°C?

1) slowly, resulting in fine-grained minerals2) slowly, resulting in coarse-grained minerals3) rapidly, resulting in coarse-grained minerals4) rapidly, resulting in fine-grained minerals

28. The flowchart below illustrates the change frommelted rock to basalt.

The solidification of the melted rock occurred

1) granite 2) rhyolite3) gabbro 4) basalt

29. Which intrusive igneous rock could be composed ofapproximately 60% pyroxene, 25% plagioclasefeldspar, 10% olivine, and 5% amphibole?

1) Quartzite contains the mineral quartz and schistdoes not.

2) Quartzite forms from regional metamorphismand schist does not.

3) Schist is organically formed and quartzite is not.4) Schist is foliated and quartzite is not.

30. How do the metamorphic rocks schist and quartzitediffer?

1) schist 2) slate3) marble 4) quartzite

31. If a metamorphic rock bubbles when a drop of acidis placed on its surface, the rock is most likely

1) igneous and metamorphic rocks, only2) metamorphic and sedimentary rocks, only3) sedimentary rocks, only4) igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks

32. Which type(s) of rock can be the source of depositedsediments?

1) sedimentary layering 2) intrusion of magma3) metamorphism 4) weathering

33. The diagram below indicates physical changes that accompany the conversion of shale to gneiss.

Which geologic process is occurring to cause this conversion?

1) diorite 2) gabbro3) andesite 4) pumice

34. The photograph below shows an igneous rock withmineral crystals ranging in size from 2 to 6millimeters. The rock is composed of 58%plagioclase feldspar, 26% amphibole, and 16%biotite.

What is the name of this rock?

1) glassy 2) vesicular3) fine grained 4) coarse grained

35. Which texture best describes an igneous rock thatformed deep underground?

1) felsic volcanic rocks2) clastic sedimentary rocks3) inorganic sedimentary rocks4) regionally metamorphosed rocks

36. The cartoon below presents a humorous look athistory.

What kind of rocks does the complaining rockcollector want?

1)

2)

3)

4)

37. Which graph best represents the relative densities of three different types of igneous rock?

1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D

38. The cross section below represents a portion of Earth's crust. Letters A through D are locations withinthe rock units.

At which location is quartzite most likely found?

1) 2)

3) 4)

39. Which table correctly matches rock textures with a sedimentary rock that exhibits each texture?

1) 2)

3) 4)

40. The diagram below represents geological processes that act continuously on Earth to form differentrock types.

Which table correctly classifies each rock type?