Naming Compounds and Chemical Formulas - Agile Mindtekstoolbox.agilemind.com/pdf/Chemistry Formative Assessments... · Naming Compounds and ... and polyatomic ions, according to IUPAC

A resource from The Charles A. Dana Center at The University of Texas at Austin

Naming Compounds and Chemical Formulas A task from Formative Assessment Activities for High School Chemistry In this activity, students will demonstrate their ability to name compounds and write chemical formulas, including ionic and covalent compounds, acids, bases, and polyatomic ions, according to IUPAC nomenclature rules. This manipulative activity will reinforce an understanding of electron interactions as elements, including main group elements and transition metals, interact to form stable compounds. Teachers will be able to formatively assess students’ ability to correctly name compounds and their understanding of the interactions that lead to the formation of compounds. This task supports these student expectations from the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for Science1: (7) Science concepts. The student knows how atoms form ionic, metallic, and covalent bonds. The student is expected to:

(A) name ionic compounds containing main group or transition metals, covalent compounds, acids, and bases, using International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) nomenclature rules; (B) write the chemical formulas of common polyatomic ions, ionic compounds containing main group or transition metals, covalent compounds, acids, and bases;

(2) Scientific processes. The student uses scientific methods to solve investigative questions. The student is expected to:

(I) communicate valid conclusions supported by the data through methods such as lab reports, labeled drawings, graphs, journals, summaries, oral reports, and technology-based reports

1 Text with a line through it indicates this part of the TEKS is not being addressed in this activity.

119Teacher Pages

Formative Assessment Activities for High School Chemistry

The Charles A. Dana Center at The University of Texas at Austin

Naming Compounds and Chemical Formulas

Charles A. Dana Center at The University of Texas at Austin Teacher Pages-1

Bonding and Chemical Reactions Naming Compounds and Chemical Formulas Purpose

The purpose of this station is to reinforce students’ ability to name compounds and write chemical formulas, and to compare interactions between ions and interactions between atoms to form molecules.

Teacher Pages120




Naming Compounds and Chemical Formulas Formative Assessment Activities for High School Chemistry

2-Teacher Pages Charles A. Dana Center at The University of Texas at Austin

Bonding and Chemical Reactions Naming Compounds and Chemical Formulas Teacher Pages

Essential Understandings • Use prefixes to name covalent compounds.

• For ionic compounds, name the metal or cation first, then name the nonmetal or anion, changing the end of the names of single element anions to –ide.

• The name of an acid depends on the type of anion it has.

• Ionic chemical formulas are based on neutral compounds formed from the attraction of positive and negative ions.

• Covalent compounds are formed when nonmetals share valence electrons in order to complete their outer energy level.

Materials Magnetic tape (1 half-inch wide roll per station) Metal baking sheet (1 per station)

In addition to the blackline masters, the following materials are needed to make the Covalent Compound Cards:

90 black beads or half-beads (approximately 6 mm in diameter) with adhesive backs Acrylic glue (SuperGlue®) or hot glue (if beads are not self-adhering) Scissors Hole punch

The following materials are included in the blackline masters for this station.

Station Information Sheet (1 per station) Periodic Table of the Elements (1 per station) How Compounds Are Named Flowchart (1 per station) Covalent Compound Cards (1 set per station) Anion and Cation Cards (1 set per station) Student Pages (1 set per student)

121Teacher Pages



Naming Compounds and Chemical FormulasFormative Assessment Activities for Naming Compounds and Chemical Formulas High School Chemistry

Charles A. Dana Center at The University of Texas at Austin 3

Advance Preparation

1. Print one copy of all the blackline masters for this station using a color printer. Color is essential to the station activities. Make one copy of the Student Pages (including the glossary) for each student.

2. Laminate the Station Information Sheet, the Periodic Table of the Elements, and the How Compounds Are Named Flowchart.

3. Laminate and cut apart the Covalent Compound Cards. Use a hole punch to make holes where there are white dots in the cards. Glue or stick the 90 beads or half beads to the black dots to represent electrons.

After the cards are laminated, use a pair of sharp scissors to cut along the dotted line on each of the cards stopping just before reaching the letter on the card.

The cards are assembled by sliding them together until the holes and beads match up. In the example on the right, the holes and the beads on the hydrogen cards line up with the holes and beads on the silicon card.

Lock the four hydrogen cards to the silicon card to complete this example model.

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Naming Compounds and Chemical FormulasNaming Compounds and Chemical Formulas Formative Assessment Activities for High School Chemistry


4. Laminate and cut apart the Anion and Cation Cards. Place a piece of magnetic tape on the back of each card. Place the cards in an envelope and label it.

Station Setup

1. Tape the Station Information Sheet to the station table. Students will use this to confirm the station is set up correctly.

2. Place the How Compounds Are Named Flowchart, the Covalent Compound Cards, the Anion and Cation Cards, and the metal baking sheet at the table.

Procedures

1. Tell students to check the station setup against the Station Information Sheet when they arrive at the table. If anything is missing or out of place, they should notify you.

2. Pass out a copy of the Student Pages to each student. Instruct students to work through the procedures and answer the questions with their teammate(s).

3. As students work through the station activity, circulate around the room, checking their work and responding to questions.

Guide to Student Responses

Note—The suggested student responses presented below in italics represent the best possible answers to the student questions; actual student responses may vary.

Essential Question

What features of compounds and chemical formulas do scientists use to determine the names for the compounds and formulas?

Scientists use the compound or formula’s type of bonding (ionic or covalent), its location on the periodic table, and whether it is a main group or transition metal to name compounds and chemical formulas.

123Teacher Pages





1. Locate the How Compounds Are Named Flowchart and use it to name the compounds in the table below.

Compound Name

ClO2 Chlorine dioxide

HCl(aq) Hydrochloric acid

NH4NO3 Ammonium nitrate

Pb(NO3)2 Lead (II) nitrate

Fe2O3 Iron (III) Oxide

H2CO3 Carbonic acid

C2Br6 Dicarbon hexabromide

HNO3(aq) Nitric acid

HCl(g) Hydrogen chloride

KOH(aq) Potassium hydroxide

Part II: Chemical Formulas

2. Continue using the How Compounds Are Named Flowchart to complete the table by writing the chemical formulas for the following covalent compounds.

Example: Tetrasulfur dinitride – S4N2

Covalent Compound Name Covalent Compound Formula

Dinitrogen trioxide N2O3

Carbon tetrachloride CCl4

Disulfur trifluoride S2F3

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3. Use the Covalent Compound Cards to determine the chemical formulas for the following compounds:

a. A compound with carbon and fluorine:

CF4

b. A compound with silicon and hydrogen:

SiH4

c. A compound with sulfur and bromine:

SBr2

4. Locate the Anion and Cation Cards. Match the cards and arrange them on the baking sheet so that they represent the neutral compounds listed in the table. Complete the table by giving the correct chemical formulas for the compounds.

Ionic Compound Name Ionic Compound Formula

Copper (I) sulfate Cu2SO4

Calcium carbonate CaCO3

Copper (II) nitrite Cu(NO2)2

Iron (III) oxide Fe2O3

Ammonium phosphate (NH4)3PO4

125Teacher Pages





5. What are three other ionic compounds you can make using these cards?

May include, but not limited to:

PbI2, MgCl2, Be(OH)2, Cu(NO2)2, Fe(OH)3, NH4I, NH4OH

6. Now that you have completed these exercises, return to the Essential Question. Would you like to modify or change your answer? Write any modifications to your answer below.

Answers will vary.

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The Charles A. Dana Center at The University of Texas at Austin 127Blackline Masters


Blackline Masters for Bonding and Chemical Reactions Naming Compounds and Chemical Formulas Contents Station Information Sheet

How Compounds Are Named Flowchart

Covalent Compound Cards

Periodic Table of the Elements

Anion and Cation Cards


Blackline Masters The Charles A. Dana Center at The University of Texas at Austin128

Formative Assessment Activities for High School ChemistryNaming Compounds and Chemical Formulas

2 – Blackline Masters

STAAR Chemistry Assessments

Charles A. Dana Center at The University of Texas at Austin

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Baking Sheet

Station Information SheetNaming Compounds and Chemical Formulas

Si


How Compounds are Named

COVALENT COMPOUNDSIONIC COMPOUNDS

Two elementsmetal + nonmetal

Name the metalfirst, then thenonmetal. Change the ending of the nonmental to -ide.

Example: NaCl(Sodium chloride)

If the metal is a

that can have morethan one charge,use Romannumerals to showthe charge.

Example: Fe2O3(Iron (III) oxide)

More than two elements:

or metal first, thenthe anion or nonmetal, usingthe -ide endingfor single nonmetalanions.

Example: NH4Cl(Ammonium chloride)

ACIDS

H + nonmetal

Use the prefixhydro and change the ending of thename of thenonmetal to ic.

Example: HCl(Hydrochloricacid)

H + oxy-anion

Change the ending of oxy-anion:-ate to -ic-ite to -ous

Examples:H2SO4(Sulfuric acid)H2SO3(Sulfurous acid)

Nonmetal + nonmetal

Use prefixes to indicatehow many atoms of eachelement are in the compound. Change the ending of the secondelement to -ide.

Example: N2O4(Dinitrogen tetroxide)

Polyatomic IonsAcetate C2H3O2

– , CH3COO–

Ammonium NH4+

Carbonate CO32–

Chlorate ClO3–

Chlorite ClO2–

Chromate CrO42–

Cyanide CN–

Dichromate Cr2O72–

Hydrogen Carbonate HCO3–

Hydroxide OH–

Hypochlorite ClO–

Nitrate NO3–

Nitrite NO2–

Perchlorate ClO4–

Permanganate MnO4–

Phosphate PO43–

Sulfate SO42–

Sulfite SO32–

Prefixes

Note: Mono- is rarely used. Also, when two vowels come together, drop the second vowel.

Mono- Di- Tri- Tetra- Penta- Hexa- Hepta- Octa- Nona- Deca-

onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineten



Formative Assessment Activities for High School Chemistry Naming Compounds and Chemical FormulasHow Compounds Are Named Flowchart

Blackline Masters – 3Charles A. Dana Center at The University of Texas at Austin

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How Compounds Are Named Flowchart



Naming Compounds and Chemical FormulasCovalent Compound Cards




Covalent Compound CardsNaming Compounds and Chemical Formulas















Si Si





Naming Compounds and Chemical FormulasAnion and Cation Cards



Anion and Cation CardsNaming Compounds and Chemical Formulas



Formative Assessment Activities for High School ChemistryNaming Compounds and Chemical FormulasAnion and Cation Cards




Anion and Cation CardsNaming Compounds and Chemical Formulas




Naming Compounds and Chemical FormulasAnion and Cation Cards



Oxide O2

Iron (III)Fe3+ ++

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Oxide O2

Iron (III)Fe3+ ++

+





Formative Assessment Activities for High School ChemistryNaming Compounds and Chemical Formulas

137Student Pages




Charles A. Dana Center at The University of Texas at Austin Student Pages–1

Bonding and Chemical Reactions Naming Compounds and Chemical Formulas Student Pages

Purpose

The purpose of this station is to reinforce your ability to name compounds and write chemical formulas, and to compare interactions between ions and interactions between atoms to form molecules.

Before You Begin…

Check to see that all the items are present and organized according to the Station Information Sheet. If you notice a problem, notify your teacher immediately.

Materials Station Information Sheet Periodic Table of the Elements How Compounds Are Named Flowchart Covalent Compound Cards Anion and Cation Cards Metal baking sheet

Essential Question

What features of compounds and chemical formulas do scientists use to determine names for compounds and formulas?

Student Pages138




2–Student Pages Charles A. Dana Center at The University of Texas at Austin

Part I: Naming Compounds

1. Locate the How Compounds Are Named Flowchart and use it to name the compounds in the table below.

Compound Name

ClO2

HCl(aq)

NH4NO3

Pb(NO3)2

Fe2O3

H2CO3(aq)

C2Br6

HNO3(aq)

HCl(g)

KOH(aq)

Part II: Chemical Formulas

2. Continue using the How Compounds Are Named Flowchart to complete the table by writing the chemical formulas for the following covalent compounds.

Example: Tetrasulfur dinitride – S4N2

Covalent Compound Name Covalent Compound Formula

Dinitrogen trioxide

Carbon tetrachloride

Disulfur trifluoride

139Student Pages





3. Use the Covalent Compound Cards to determine the chemical formulas for the following compounds:

a. A compound with carbon and fluorine:

b. A compound with silicon and hydrogen:

c. A compound with sulfur and bromine:

4. Locate the Anion and Cation Cards. Match the cards and arrange them on the baking sheet so that they represent the neutral compounds listed in the table. Complete the table by giving the correct chemical formulas for the compounds.

Example: Copper (I) phosphate — Cu3PO4

Ionic Compound Name Ionic Compound Formula

Copper (I) sulfate

Calcium carbonate

Copper (II) nitrite

Iron (III) oxide

Ammonium phosphate

5. What are three other ionic compounds you can make using these cards?

6. Now that you have completed these exercises, return to the Essential Question. Would you like to modify or change your answer? Write any modifications to your answer below.

NOTE: Because other students are going to do the activity after you, be sure to put all the materials at the station back as you found them. Sometimes there will be materials that need to be renewed or replaced. If you need assistance or have any questions, ask your teacher.

Student Pages140




Naming Compounds and Chemical Formulas Formative Assessment Activities for High School Chemistry

4–Student Pages Charles A. Dana Center at The University of Texas at Austin

I Need to Remember . . . Complete this part after class discussion of this station.

I need to remember . . .

141Student Pages





Glossary for Naming Compounds and Chemical Formulas

Acids

Acids are compounds that contain hydrogen (H+) and that, when dissolved in water, increase the concentration of hydrogen ions.

Anion

An anion is an ion that has gained one or more electrons and that has a negative charge.

Cation

A cation is an ion that has lost one or more electrons and that has a positive charge.

Compound

A compound is a substance composed of two or more elements that are chemically combined.

Covalent Bond

Covalent bonds are the chemical bonds that form when two atoms share one or more electron pairs.

Ion

An ion is an atom or group of atoms that has gained or lost one or more electrons and thus has either a positive or negative charge.

Ionic Bond

Ionic bonds are the bonds that form when atoms link together due to the attraction of opposite charges.

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Naming Compounds and Chemical Formulas - Agile Mindtekstoolbox.agilemind.com/pdf/Chemistry Formative Assessments... · Naming Compounds and ... and polyatomic ions, according to IUPAC