We frequently hear in our daily life the term Nanotechnology.
But, do we know what it is at frst glance?Some of you may heard it
for the frst time in !s, in the famous "merican science fction
drama tele#ision series$ %he &'fles as the technology of the
e(traterrestrial intelligence.Nanotech is all around you, already$
in clothing, electronics, manufacturing and increasingly in health
and cosmetics. )f you *uy a clear sunscreen that +romises it *locks
ultra#iolet light, it is using nano'+articles of metals like ,inc
or titanium ' it-s clear *ecause the +articles are too small to a.
ect ordinary light. /-0real 1*acked *y the food com+any Nestl23 is
marketing anti'ageing cosmetics that e(+loit the tininess of the
+articles, -nanosomes-, and their a*ility to +enetrate dee+ into
skin cells."ctually, nanotechnology is nothing e(traterrestrial and
today, it4s used in many +roducts, stain resistant fa*rics,
self'cleaning titles and +aints. %hen, what is Nanotechnology? %o
answer this question, frst we need to answer what is technology?
%echnology is the a++lication of science.We study the technology of
the natureand then a++ly it to out contem+orany world for our
*enefts. Nanoscience and nanotechnology are the study and
a++lication of e(tremely small things and can *e used across all
the other science felds, such as chemistry, *iology, +hysics,
materials science, and engineering.5Nano5 means one'*illionth.When
materials are o*ser#ed at the nanometer le#el 1one'*illionth of a
meter3, they often dis+lay unique +ro+erties.%oday, researchers use
ad#anced tools, such as the atomic force microsco+e, to measure
matter at the nanoscale as well as to *uild entirely new materials,
de#ices, and systems molecule'*y'molecule.%o understand *etter,
here it4s a scale of o*6ects with di.erent si,es$ at 7!'7! we fnd
the 8ar*on atom, glucose molecule, at 7! ' we fnd Bucky*alls,
car*on nanotu*es 1the strongest material yet disco#ered3, at 7!'9
the we can see the :N" structure, at 7!'; it can *e found the #irus
structure, at 7!'< some *acteries, at 7!'= the red *lood cells,
7!'> is the measure of a human hair.Bucky*all, also called
fullerene is the ?rd allotro+e of car*on disco#ered in recent
years.8ar*on is the main element that forms organic com+ounds.
8ar*on is all around us and in us."++ro(imately @!A of human *ody
is made u+ of car*on. )t is in :N", BN", +roteins, fats,
car*ohydrates,#itamins,en,ymes and e#en in "%C.)t seems that car*on
stands for *ecoming the wonder element of the Nano "ge. 8ar*on can
form the hardest material known on earth$ diamond and it also can
form one of the softest material$ gra+hite. "side from the
naturally occuring forms of car*on,gra+hite and diamond, car*on is
also found in the nano structured forms of fullerenes 1*ucky*alls3
and car*on nanotu*es 18N%s3.Bucky*alls is a hollow cluster of
