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Nanotechnology and the Developing World
Peter A. SingerMcLaughlin-Rotman Centre for Global Health
Program in the Life Sciences, Ethics, and PolicyUniversity Health Network and
University of Toronto
United NationsMillennium Development Goals
Eradicate extreme poverty and hungerAchieve universal primary educationPromote gender equality and empower womenReduce child mortalityImprove maternal healthCombat HIV / AIDS, malaria, and other diseasesEnsure environmental sustainabilityDevelop a global partnership for development
The Millennium Development
Goals cannot be achieved without a
focused policy for science,
technology and innovation
Which nanotechnologies are most likely to benefit people in
developing countries?
63 panelists in 26 countriesCANADA
UNITED
STATES
MEXICO CUBA
ARGENTINA
SOUTH AFRICA
INDIA
CHINA
PHILIPPINES
JAPAN
THAILAND VIETNAM
TURKEY
SPAIN ITALYGREECE
UNITED KINGDOMGERMANY
♀13 ♂50NEW ZEALAND
IRELAND
SWITZERLAND
BRASIL
CHILE
SOUTH KOREAISRAEL
FRANCE
1. Energy storage, production and conversion
2. Agricultural productivity enhancement
3. Water treatment and remediation 4. Disease diagnosis and screening 5. Drug delivery systems6. Food processing and storage 7. Air pollution remediation 8. Construction 9. Health monitoring10. Vector and pest detection and
control
PLoS Med 2006; 2(5): e97
Top 10 nanotechnologies for the developing world
I
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VI
IV
VII
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10
Eradicate extreme povertyand hunger
Reduce child mortality Improve maternal health
Combat HIV / AIDS, malaria,
and other diseases
Ensure environmentalsustainability
Top 10 nanotechnologies vs. Millennium Development Goals
Quantum dots
Lab on a chip
Dendrimers
Buckyballs
Quantum dots for malaria
Rafael ME et al. Nature 2006; 444, 39-48
Decreasing infrastructure requirement of malaria diagnostic tests saves most lives
Domestic innovation needed in developing world
Strong and sustained political will Individual leadership Close linkages, active knowledge flow Focused efforts in niche areas Temporarily permissive IP environment for initial capacity buildingPrivate sector development
Front runners
Middle ground
Up-and-comers
Examples of nanotechnology innovation in the developing world
BRASIL
MEXICO
ARGENTINASOUTH AFRICA
INDIA
CHINA
PHILIPPINESTHAILAND
CHILE
SOUTH KOREA
Nano bone (Tsinghua University)
Nanodiagnostic systems for HIV, H-B, syphilis, pregnancy (Nano Biotech Ltd.)Nano drug delivery systems for cancer and for local delivery to eye and skin
(CISR, U. Delhi, Dabur Research Foundation, Panacea Biotec)
Nanomagnets as drug transporters
Carbon nanotubes for implants, prostheses, and biosensors
Polymer nanocomposites for controlled drug release, nanoscaffolds, and dental materials
Court E. et al. Nanotechnology 15, 3 (2004)
Additional funding partners listed at www.geneticsethics.net
Thank You
Dr. Fabio Salamanca-Buentello
