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National Ecological Observatory Network. Dave Tazik & NEON Team Toolik Field Station Vision Workshop Portland, OR2-4 August 2012. A Continental Observation System. A CONTINENTAL-SCALE OBSERVATION SYSTEM. 30 year period of observation. NEON Mission. Causes of Change Climate Land Use - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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NATIONAL ECOLOGICAL OBSERVATORY NETWORKDave Tazik & NEON TeamToolik Field Station Vision WorkshopPortland, OR 2-4 August 2012
A CONTINENTAL-SCALE OBSERVATION SYSTEM
A Continental Observation System
30 year period of observation
… to enable understanding and forecasting of the impacts of climate change, land use change and invasive species on
continental-scale ecology
…by providing infrastructure to support research, education and environmental management in these areas
Causes of ChangeClimate
Land UseInvasive Species
Response to ChangeBiodiversity
BiogeochemistryEcohydrology
Infectious Disease
NEON Mission
An Integrated Observing System
REMOTE SAMPLING
ONSITE SAMPLING
DATA PRODUCTS
NAT. DATA SETS
IndividualTeam
CommunityManagers &
Policy--makers
A User Facility and Community Asset
A 30 year period of Observation
The NEON Questions
Where will NEON observe?
Observing Ecological Change
• Representative sampling
• Replication of gradients
• Detecting/attributing change over decades
• Standardized and transparent protocols
• Comprehensive set of observations
• Terrestrial and aquatic
• Sentinel taxa
• Field and lab analyses state-of-the-art
• QA/QC -- data quality and uncertainty
Free and open access to all NEON data*
* Unless legislatively protected
NEON Data Products
• ~ 1600 Level 0 data products (primary observations)o Raw voltages from sensorso Information on collected flora/fauna(e.g. counts)o External DNA or chemical analysiso Raw LiDAR returns
• ~ 540 Level 1 data (QA/C, minimally processed)o One-minute average air temperatureo Site-level species compositiono Georectified LiDAR
• ~ 75 Level 2 (rectified) & Level 3 (common gridded)o Gap-filled one-minute air temp (L2)o Gridded canopy nitrogen estimate (L3)
• ~ 120 Level 4 (high-level, cross-subsystem integrative)o Net ecosystem exchangeo Canopy nitrogeno Microbial diversityo Aquatic nutrient flux
• Terrestrial • Organismal (TOS)
• Instrumental (TIS)
• Aquatic• Organismal (AOS)
• Instrumental (AIS)
• Airborne (AOP)
• Research: Stream Ecological Observation Network (STREON)
Towers
Surface and ground water
Satellite Data
Airborne Remote Sensing
NEON Observing SystemsField Sampling
TIS – Terrestrial Instrument System
Atmospheric Measurements
Calibration for remotely sensing – Correct AOP for effects of incoming solar radiation, aerosols and water vapor
Ecosystem carbon, water and energy balance• Temperature
• Humidity
• Wind• Precipitation
• Radiation
• CO2
• Pollutants – e.g., ozone and reactive nitrogen
TIS -- Soil Array
Physical and carbon cycle responses • Temperature
• Moisture
• Carbon dioxide flux (soil respiration)
• Root growth
• Plant biodiversity • Plant biomass, leaf area, and chemical composition• Plant phenology• Birds• Ground beetles• Mosquitoes• Small mammals• Infectious disease • Soil microorganisms• Soil biogeochemistry
Terrestrial Observation System (TOS)
Terrestrial Biological
Field Sampling
• Algae
• Aquatic macrophytes, bryophytes and lichens
• Aquatic microbes
• Zooplankton
• Aquatic invertebrates
• Fish
• Aquatic habitat
• Sediment chemistry
• Water chemistry
Aquatic Observation System (AOS)
Aquatic Instrument System (AIS)Aquatic
Tempwater, DO, turbidity, pH, conductivity
Chromophoric dissolved organic matter
Chlorophyll
Discharge/water level
Nutrient Analyzer – nitrate, phosphate, ammonia
Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR)
Bank-side – MicrometeorologyTempair, precipitation, barometric pressure, PAR, net radiation
Wind speed and direction
Camera
GroundwaterTemperature, level and conductivity
Sensor Design Testing
AOS/AIS – AQU/STREON
Experiment – STREON
NEON control reach
I
I
XO
I
I
STREON treatment reach
Instrument station, water sampling site
Experimental units (baskets )
Basket incubation (e.g. streamside flume or in situ recirculation chamber)
Nutrient addition station
water flowConsumer exclosure(electrified barriers )
XE
STREON – Stream Manipulation
Spectrometry• Vegetation biochemistry & biophysical properties• Cover type & fraction
3 X Twin Otter aircraft
LiDAR altimetry• Vegetation structure• Sub-canopy topography• Plant biomass
High resolution photography• Land use & land cover
Airborne Observation Platform
2014: Toolik, Barrow, Caribou-Poker, & Healy
The NEON Imaging Spectrometer
Continuous wvl coverage from 380 to 2510 nm High signal-to-noise ratio
(2x improvement over AVIRIS) 5 nm spectral sampling 1 mrad IFOV (1m GSD @ 1000 m flight altitude) High degree of uniformity across wvl‘s and field SWIR coverage provides information on
canopy moisture & nitrogen discrimination of non-photosynthetic components
Status• NISDVU delivered and operational• NIS-1 due 4/13; NIS-2 due 8/13
Lignin
Leaf area index
Nitrogen
Canopy height
Scaling Terrestrial
Observations
• 3 Airborne remote sensing systems
• 10 Mobile Deployment Platforms
• Sensor Infrastructure
• Biological Measurements
• Cyber-infrastructure
• CAL/VAL Lab
• Collections
NEON Assignable Assets
NEON – Generated Natural History Collections
• Voucher collections of sentinel taxa
• Analytical samples
– Replicates for future re-analysis
– For external PI-driven research needs
– Storage in case of funding shortfalls
• Vascular plants and algae
• Animal tissues and genomic extracts
• Microbial communities
• Soils and sediments
NEON – ALASKA
Toolik Site
CORE SITE AQUATIC / STREON
AQUATIC
• Construction mobilization & staging Feb 2015
• Civil infrastructure complete Jul/Aug 2015
• Field operations deployment May 2015 earliest
• Terrestrial instrumentation Sep 2016
• Aquatic/STREON instrumentation Sep 2016
Major Milestones**
**Tentative and subject to change
• Tower: 2m x 2m x 6 m (L-W-H)• Boardwalk: ≤ 1 m at ground level• Instrument hut: ~20’ x 9’ x 8’ (L-W-H)
– Instrumentation, equipment, tools, safety equip & non-haz gas cylinders• Soil array: 5 arrays, ~ 25m apart• Power Supply: generators – fuel storage at parking & staging area• COMM: could be tied into the GCI fiber line• Security: a gate at the top of the first flight of stairs• Site Access:
– Summer access: Boardwalk to instrument tower– Winter access: Access via snowmobile and snowshoes
• Site Remediation: – Site Decommissioning and Restoration Plan– Host-specific requirements
Infrastructure
• Lab space – 800 to 1,000 square feet
– Higher level of on-site processing
• Lodging (Construction) – NEON personnel and contractors
– Site survey and geotech work – Feb/Mar 2013
– Ground water wells – Feb/Mar 2015
• Lodging (Operations) – peak numbers up to 20
– Crews rotating from Fairbanks
– Full time and seasonal techs
• Garage space (Vehicles) – truck, boat and snow mobile
• Comm at Lake site – possible to tap into WIFI?
– Aquatic band width requirement (Lake Site) ~45Kb/s
Infrastructure Requirements
• Instrument maintenance: 2-3 days every other week year round
• Organismal sampling: – Terrestrial: 30-50 plots during summer season
– Aquatic: stream, lake, and STREON
– Observations: Sentinel taxa
– Sample removal – some soil, sediment, water, plant and animal materials
• Airborne Observations: once per year during peak greenness
Operations
Lab Equipment
• drying oven(s)• refrigerator• freezer• ultralow• high-precision balance• not so high precision balance• grinding mill• centrifugal mill • muffle furnace• fume hood• microscope? (may transport
samples back to Fairbanks)
• temporary sample storage• field equipment storage • flammables storage• corrosives storage• biohazard/hazardous waste
storage• gas cylinder storage ? maybe• dry ice readily available (may
need a machine to make this)• DI water readily available (may
need a DI water system)
The National Ecological Observatory Network is a project sponsored by the National Science Foundation and managed under cooperative agreement by NEON Inc.