National progress assessment for the SDGs and producing data …€¦ · •Use of charts, tables and other statistical measures by types of analysis Methods of statistical analysis

Statistics Divisionhttp://www.unescap.org/our-work/statistics

National progress assessment for the SDGs and producing data-driven analytical

products on women’s economic empowerment

Ms. Gereltuya Altankhuyag, Resource Person, Statistics Division, ESCAP

Gender Policy-Data Integration Initiative:

Inception Workshop

21-23 April 2018, Bangkok


• Steps of progress assessment

• Identification of research questions

• Estimating predicted values

• Setting target values

• Tracking the progress and progress gap

• Study framework for analysis

• Methods of statistical analysis

Content


Steps of progress assessment and analysis


Elements of progress assessment

• Starting/Baseline value

• Current year value

• Predicted value

• Target value

• Progress assessment:

– Anticipated progress method

– Current status index method


• Desk review study:– Research studies carried out by academic communities

– Use of internet search engines such as Google, Google Scholar, Popline,

– Use of database of research studies such as JSTOR.

– Use of government legislation database

– Use of websites of the relevant ministries and agencies

– Use of reports/recommendations produced/provided by specialized international organizations (Beijing Platform for Action on Women1995; UN Women, Recommendations from Conferences on women; UN reports such as SDG outlook, World Economic Forum etc.)

Identification of research questions


– The main variable to be investigated: Women’s labour force participation

– Possible research questions:

• What issues are addressed in policy documents to improve women’s labour force participation?

• Who are most likely to be in category of economically enactive population?

• Who work only for few hours a day and in which sectors (living in urban/rural; education level; marital status etc.)?

• Who work in unpaid employment?

• What is young women’s employment status?

• What are determinants of women’s unemployment/low pay?

• Availability of training opportunities for young women

• Employment status of aged (55-64). Retirement, social safety network

Examples of research questions


• Types of SDG indicators and their 2030 target values

Setting target values

Type of indicator Means of setting 2030 target value

A1. SDG-based, absolute in the

future

TV referred to in SDGs, e.g. proportion of seats held by

women in a) national parliament and b) local governments

A2. SDG-based, relative to

starting position

TV referred to in SDGs, e.g. reduce by half the proportion of

people living in poverty

B1. Other international

agreement or shared

aspirations, absolute in nature

TV set by International Agreements, Good Practices or other

established Frameworks, e.g. proportion of population below

the international poverty line

B2. Other international

agreement or shared

aspirations, relative to starting

point

TV set by International Agreements, Good Practices or other

established Frameworks, e.g. double the share of renewables in

consumption (IRENA)

C.No explicit value

Use of “Champion area” approach (ESCAP)

Target value set at the 90th

Percentile (OECD)

(e.g. 5.1.1:Whether or not legal framework are in place to

promote, enforce and monitor equality and non-discrimination

on the basis of sex) and indicator 4.7.1.


• Possible approaches of setting targets values are:

– Fixed value or relative improvement is explicitly specified in the 2030 Agenda on a country’s starting point

– Define the target values using the international agreements on the relevant topic

– The use of desirable improvement at the “90th percentile”

– Trend estimation

– Use of “champion area” approach

Setting target values


• Methods of extrapolation*:

– Geometric mean

– Regression

– Composite regression

– Weighted geometric mean

– Weighted regression

Estimating predicted values

* Arman Bidarbakht Nia. “Tracking progress towards the SDGs: measuring the otherwise ambiguous progress”. 2017


• ESCAP SD developed two methods:

– The anticipated progress method: Compares the predicted (anticipated) progress with the targeted progress.

– The Current Status Index method: Progress made since a fixed starting point in the past and distance to the fixed target in the future

The anticipated progress method

It tracks progress towards each dimension of the goal (represented by the targets and their associated indicators)

• The Current Status Index method

• It combines information from all the indicators under each goal and provides one index for overall progress towards achieving specific targets

– Show the excel template!

Tracking the progress and progress gap


Tracking the progress and progress gap


• Literature review on the issue in question (e.g. women’ labourforce participation)

• Brainstorming on the basis of literature review

• Make a list of variables that could be associated with the issue in question

• Use of mapping system (e.g. Causal System Mapping) to explore interaction between variables associated with the issue in question

• Use colors to classify the variables into groups (e.g. economic, social, governance)

• Draw a sketch of analytical framework

Study framework


Study framework: Causal System

Mapping


Study framework


• Stages of statistical analysis:

• Identify types of variables (numerical or categorical)

• Identify tool/methods of analysis

– Univariate analysis: Descriptive/exploratory data analysis to organize, describe, and summarize data

– Bivariate analysis: Analysis of relationship between two variables

– Multivariate analysis: Analysis of relationship between two or more variables (modelling, estimating and hypothesis testing)

Methods of statistical analysis


• Use of charts, tables and other statistical measures by types of analysis

Methods of statistical analysis

Types of analysis Charts, tables and other measures Example Descriptive

(univariate) Histogram, box plots, median quartiles,

pie, bar chart, linear chart for time series

data, tabular percentages, measures of

location (mean, median, SD)

1. Time series data of the labor

force participation rate of

women (Univariate analysis)

2. Number of employed

women by age group

(Bivariate analysis) Analysis of

relationship

between two

variables

(bivariate)

Scatterplots, contingency tables, strength

of relationship etc.

1. Association between

women’ unemployment

status and their education

attainment

2. Unemployment status of

women aged 15-24 by their

demographic characteristics

(multivariate analysis)


Charts and tables to display results

• Main sources used:

– UN Women. “Turning promises into action: Gender equality in the 2030 agenda for sustainable development”. 2018

– UN Secretary General’s HLP. “Leave no one behind: Women’s economic emporwment” 2016

– Un Statistics Division. “The world’s women 2015: Trends and Statistics”. 2017

• Examples of chart are shown in next slides


Thank You

Documents

National progress assessment for the SDGs and producing data …€¦ · •Use of charts, tables and other statistical measures by types of analysis Methods of statistical analysis