NATIONAL REGULATORY CONFERENCE:

MALAYSIA STRATEGY FOR THE PHASE-OUT OF

CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS

BYNOOR ALSHURDIN MD SALLEH

OZONE PROTECTION SECTIONAIR DIVISION,

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, MALAYSIA

6-7 SEPTEMBER 2005SHERATON HOTEL, SUBANG JAYA

OZONE PROTECTION SECTIONDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, MALAYSIA

OZONE & OZONE LAYER

Ozone is a molecule that contains three

atoms of oxygen(O3)

Formed by the action of solar ultraviolet light on oxygen

Ozone is vital to human and animal survival because it is responsible for the absorption of the sun's ultraviolet light

OZONE PROTECTION SECTIONDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, MALAYSIA

OZONE & OZONE LAYER Ozone occurs naturally in the

Earth’s upper atmosphere—10 to 50 km (30 miles) above the Earth’s surface where it forms a protective layer that shields us from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet rays.

This beneficial ozone is gradually being destroyed by man-made chemicals

For human beings, over-exposure to UV rays can lead to skin cancer, cataracts, and weakened immune systems

Increased UV can also lead to reduced crop yield and disruptions in the marine food chain.

OZONE PROTECTION SECTIONDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, MALAYSIA

CFC was the major cause of ozone depletion in the upper atmosphere.

Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) are similar to CFCs but less destructive to ozone. They are used as transition substitutes for CFCs (to be phased out by the year 2040. HCFCs be replaced by HFCs which do not have any potential for the destruction of ozone/ozone friendly.

CHLOROFLUOROCARBONSCFCs)

CFCs HCFCs HFCs

OZONE PROTECTION SECTIONDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, MALAYSIA

FIRE EXTINGUISHERS:FIRE EXTINGUISHERS: halons are used in fixed and portable Fire extinguishers

AIR CONDITIONING IN AIR CONDITIONING IN BUILDINGS & VEHICLE:BUILDINGS & VEHICLE:

general amenity areas, mobile units in ars cars and buses

REFRIGERATION:REFRIGERATION: refrigerators, cold storage, display cabinets, freezers, ice machines and mini-bars

DRY CLEANING AND DEGREASINGDRY CLEANING AND DEGREASING solvents used in dry cleaning and special cleaning

AEROSOLS:AEROSOLS: spot cleaning, bathroom and other surface cleaners, small area paints, adhesives, insecticides and pesticides

FOAMS:FOAMS: food packaging, trays and containers, pipe insulation, seat and back cushions, upholstery uses, car and bus interior.

SOURCES OF ODS

OZONE PROTECTION SECTIONDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, MALAYSIA

MONTREAL PROTOCOL (MP)

INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT

LEGALLY BINDING CONTROLS ON NATION PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION OF OZONE DEPLETING SUBSTANCES (ODS).

OZONE PROTECTION SECTIONDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, MALAYSIA

MONTREAL PROTOCOLS COMPLIANCE( DEVELOPING COUNTRIES )

LEGALLY BINDING TO COMPLY 1999 FREEZE LEVEL CONSUMPTION OF CFC

COMPLIANCE STATUS FOR MALAYSIA: 66 % (1129 MT CFC) BELOW THAN COMPLIANCE LIMIT (3270 MT CFC) REQUIRED BY THE PROTOCOL MONTREAL PROTOCOL REDUCTION SCHEDULE:

• 50% CONSUMPTION REDUCTION IN 2005

• 85% CONSUMPTION REDUCTION IN 2007

• 100% CONSUMPTION REDUCTION IN 2010

OZONE PROTECTION SECTIONDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, MALAYSIA

MONTREAL PROTOCOLS/OZONE CONVENTIONS

MALAYSIA: RATIFICATION STATUSMALAYSIA: RATIFICATION STATUS

VIENNA CONVENTIONVIENNA CONVENTION

MONTREAL PROTOCOLMONTREAL PROTOCOL

1990 LONDON AMENDMENT1990 LONDON AMENDMENT

1992 COPENHAGEN AMENDMENT1992 COPENHAGEN AMENDMENT

1992 MONTREAL AMENDMENT1992 MONTREAL AMENDMENT

1999 BEIJING AMENDMENT1999 BEIJING AMENDMENT

29 AUGUST 198929 AUGUST 1989

29 AUGUST 198929 AUGUST 1989

16 JUNE 199316 JUNE 1993

05 AUGUST 199305 AUGUST 1993

26 OCTOBER 200126 OCTOBER 2001

26 OCOTBER 200126 OCOTBER 2001

Department of Environment: Department of Environment: The National Focal PointThe National Focal Point

OZONE PROTECTION SECTIONDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, MALAYSIA

MULTILATERAL FUND (MLF)

MLF WAS REMEDIED UNDER ARTICLE 10, MP

14 MEMBERS:EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE (EXCOM)COMPRISE OF 7 DEVELOPED AND 7 DEVELOPING COUNTRIES) TO MONITOR AND OVERSEEING THE OPERATION OF THE FUND

1992-1995: MALAYSIA, A MEMBER OF EXCOM

1995: MALAYSIA, CHAIRMAN OF EXCOM

OZONE PROTECTION SECTIONDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, MALAYSIA

MULTILATERAL FUND

ELIGIBLE GRANT FOR MALAYSIA

PHASE I – NATIONAL ODS 1992-2001 COUNTRY PROGRAMME

(USD 36.5 MILLIONS)

PHASE II – NATIONAL CFC PHASE-OUT 2002-2010 PROGRAMME (NCFCP)

(USD 11.5 MILLIONS)

OZONE PROTECTION SECTIONDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, MALAYSIA

CFCs CONSUMPTION FOR MALAYSIA, 1995-2010CFCs CONSUMPTION FOR MALAYSIA, 1995-2010

1635 MT

3271 MT

491 MT

0

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

METR

IC T

ON

NES

(M

T)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

ACTUAL IMPORT NCFCPP LIMITS MONTREAL PROTOCOL LIMITS

CFC 11

CFC 12

TOTAL : 1129 MT

85 MT (7.5%)

1044 MT (92.5%)

2004 CFC IMPORT CONSUMPTION

SUPPORTING LEGISLATION / REGULATIONS TO CONTROL MANUFACTURE / SALE / IMPORTS OF ODS-

CONTAINING PRODUCTS

Manufacture Sale / Use Import

Aerosol & Foam Environmental Quality (Prohibition On The Use Of CFCs And Other Gases As Propellants And Blowing Agents) Order 1993 prohibit use of CFC in aerosol and foam manufacturing sector

AP

(Import Permit)

Fire Fighting Fire and Rescue Department (Administrative Order) prohibit use of halons in new installation (1990).

Environment Quality (Halon Management) Regulation, 1999 prohibit use of halon in any new installation of fire protection system and venting of halon.

Refrigeration Servicing Sector (Mobile Air Conditiong and Commercial)

Environmental Quality (Refrigerant Management) Regulations 1999 prohibit use of CFCs in any new installation of chiller and refrigeration system and venting of CFC refrigerant

AP

(Import Permit)

Solvent Applications

Occupational Safety and Health Act (1974) AP

(Import Permit)

Fumigation (Methyl Bromide)

Hydrogen Cyanide (Fumigation) Act (1953) (revised 1981).

Plant Quarantine Act (1976)

AP

(Import Permit)

OZONE PROTECTION SECTIONDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, MALAYSIA

ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT 1974

ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY (REFRIGERANT ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY (REFRIGERANT MANAGEMENT) REGULATIONS 1999 MANAGEMENT) REGULATIONS 1999 (AMENDMENT) 2004(AMENDMENT) 2004

ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY (HALON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY (HALON MANAGEMENT) REGULATIONS 1999MANAGEMENT) REGULATIONS 1999

ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY (PROHIBITION ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY (PROHIBITION ON THE USE OF CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS ON THE USE OF CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS AND OTHER GASES AS PROPELLANTS AND AND OTHER GASES AS PROPELLANTS AND

BLOWING AGENTS) ORDER 1993BLOWING AGENTS) ORDER 1993

RELATED REGULATIONS:

OZONE PROTECTION SECTIONDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, MALAYSIA

PROGRAMMES TO PHASE OUT REMAINING CFC

PHASE II: NCFCP 2002-2010

TO PHASE OUT (ESTIMATED ABOUT 1000 – 1500 METRIC TONNES OF CFC INCLUDING SERVICE SECTORBEFORE 2010

OZONE PROTECTION SECTIONDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, MALAYSIA

OZONE PROTECTION SECTIONDEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, MALAYSIA