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"TO CARE FOR HIM WHO HAS BORNE THE BATTLE. AND FOR HIS WIDOW AND ORPHANS

ESTABLISHED 1877-N- EW SERIES. WASHINGTON, D. 0., THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 8, 1887. YOL. YII-- NO. 5-W- HOLE NO. 217;

AipS p..it

AiSusful Sweep to the Roar of Lee's

Army.

A )P)3SIR1IL'0 UiS MARCH.

IDajys farad iNSghts of Dangar,JHiardsftalip and Suffering.

mtojHvHited guests,NWJho (Gatjpbiaira a Wedding Party

laund Gat the Supper.

IBYiWM.lKIiIMVOAroAHN, 7mn W. VA. CAT., WEST

3UWW11S0N, O.

(On tbe qponlng of our great civil war, theBoutli eclipsed us in the efficiency of its cav-air-y.

Prom the North came men little used

to the saddle. There, coaches, buggies andrailroads wore the common methods oftravel. In the South the saddle was thefavorite, nud tho Southern youth was earlytrained to horsemanship, when the warbegun the enemy had ready to put into thefield thousands of experienced horsemen,who needed only the additional training ofthe camp to make them thorough and eff-

icient. "VVecan all romemher thefoolish alarmcaused .at First Bull Run by the "Black-hors- e

Cavalry," which was really more for-

midable in name than in fact. "When itsdashing leader fell at Harrisonburg, in June,1802, it vanished from military history as

thoDEW MELTS TINDEB TIIE SUN.

Early in the war our cavalry was notutilized as our Genorals learned later to util-

ize it. Thou they were wed as train-guard- s,

flankers, reserves, and in n limited sense asscouts. They were not feQnt far to the frontand oxpuoted to light their own battles, butwere handled so cautiously that it becamean nmusing remark in the Army of the Po-

tomac that no one had ever seen a deadmule or a dead cavalryman. We not onlywere compelled to raise and educate a liodyof cavalry fit for the field, but we also hadtowait uutl the experiences of the war de-

veloped compelont lcadors for men on horse-

back.Uo soldier will question that tbe talent

for successful cavalry leadership must bepeculiar, and in some respects superior tothe ability to lead an army of infantry.This is esjfeeially true when it comes lofighting. A cavalry battle is no more likean Infantry buttle, in the nature and rapid-ity of movuiueut, in the sudden change ofposition, in the charge and dash of the con-

flict, than an infantry engagement is likeone of artillery. A slow and very cautiousman may command with success a groatarmy of footmen, whofee movements arenecessarily glow and limited by their powerof on durance, who would entirely fail

Wia'JI CAVALttY ALONE."We had also to learn that cavalry can act

alone and independently of infantry, audunder a good leader can be made a terror tothe enemy. Our onemy taught us that.

Tbi pupur is necessarily so limited that Iwill not be able to enter into a more fulldisouwion of this vory interesting subject;but there need be no jealousy on the part ofother arms of tiheaorviec, if I bay that whenwe began to use our cavalry thoroughly bysending tlnim on raids to cut the enemy'soommuuioMious, destroy bridges and sup-plic- a,

mid xq atotauk tho onomy whereverthere wa lnpe of boating him, we then be-

gan to strike the enemy wliere he felt ourblows at bin vitals, and the end came inilgbU

During the Winter of 1803 Gen. long-itre- ot

was iu TonnuwHte with a large army,having been driven from Knoxvilleby Burn-aid- e,

who followed him East as far aaStraw- -'borry i'iaiiMi, near wlnah place Lonustreotweiitiirto Wiutor traarters. The Secretaryof War had learned thut a

LAWE Q.VAXT1TY OF SDI'PLIHSiforlbrttoHio awuiwi of Lee, in front of Jfcldh-oiott- il,

tro4 of Ltmjpftroot, in Totiuoesae, hadboon uvmmmvtoi& at Salem, in ltoauokeCtiwtty, V. It wh dontattile that thesempnUus f&ouM b oWrtroyed, but they seem-ed ie be 'pedeoMy wfo, as no Union farcewas wttbta Son mile of there, nor did itueom pmmftA thai anything lew, than a largeand ,THwurfl army ctnuld gt there.

The 8wowtiry of War Urfegraphed Gen.B. iF. HLtilley, commanding the Dupartmoitt ofWent VwigjiHa, and ordored him to Wauh-tngtr- t.

lie was informed of the largodmtmirt of ammunition and stores of ailiDinds atiS1tim, aud that Gun. Lee was almutto iTrfifi ILonnaot by sending StonewallJwrlsMHi wJHh hi own dtvwion and pRrt of.BwflMte. 1 jiw quote Gun. Kulloy in a kindJlOUtd

'ftttw tisiwwlivrr f War thwn iukd me IfJt wnomM u t'u4 m wivitlry rrie awd 4Mtn- - Uw

rtt, Abmmut. hh4 aH (Sh-- milMMMl airil bWrMUfanouwimil nis lxiwMti Umm i hh4 Lhk-Mm- t

JMmw 1 1m4 tutu-- u awtku iu my miu4 thufrurwtowr MMA for H HuUmoIc wlu, at Ut utwu4MMl-HfCiHr- f. WIiimi no uuiiie in tfcu o--rUMF MNVtlM him ft wlrt IHMfHIW tec bi tutfor n h. UrtUwuk cat it w ltwt toair'W Utts ftMNKat-r'- i W, Imr K w,hm fa u.ew lmm4w uHlnkiu at ntr tttw. ami .

HMflHllr t tMUkMMM ..Wu f U,M y.W hanmtry mnua 4uxutiu4 tlmt n hImhikI twtWniiMHwil Um KHtlnak. Iwwyvw, 4tnAUu tHtheor4r. tfuU.4l "JfUwi. KhIhm- - U, 4ln-gO-

K k Uw rMUMMMt) f Uo ffUimts fIIm; mtrtmo, uih! u miHv or UhtruuUou ulmtitanmA ue rt4MUU4m. 1 U1 uiuk no uUwc4ton ; MH W ntitttwnsf ul be tAuill tMvti the ofIbUlUMMXtlHMMl

d wm Uhu urdwttd ljy thv Svoratary to iny ooui-mi- nt

U tteHik tlio iiiHtH- - wvih- - UnnHuUh- - As IWta,fMfaMfM HHt HtMUHlllMt Wltfl tIH gMniHtU'

f tiMt wHf Uie SMue titan niy oUum r, 'nwotrttf rly mjhhi me l mwry ut Uw wtrtM.I wid. to work at whw to iwluvi u

tfaB sX tbe ois(iUM.I oiitutttd tii. Httammon, toutnHiidiuir tins

Vooihi ki tte lOtnuwha Duirna. to ini w lu 7UDeoamlMr, JhW. wild M whole foriM. iMrftiilMwJen. DuMv'h brlniidc of cavalry, attaok and oaplure in Oreeubnur 0uih-- . Va iukIllireiitii Union, in Monroe County, and Um

or near CuriMitHUfe-burg- .This movement wan auottwifut.

Tbo aumu duy Col. Moor, ooiiniu.initng u brt-ipa-

at Jievorly, was otlr"d to move throughrsatuoutaa County oofarua Dixxip MguHUita miii

open communication with Gen. Scntnmon at Lewi.hwrjj, and if nccctuiry support hitn. On the 10thGen. Sullivnn, at Harper's Kerry, was ordcrod toconeontratn hie forces, move up tlio Valley of Vir-ginia and threaten Staunton from the north.

On the 8th Gun. Avera! I w ordered to movewith hift cavalry brignde from Xew Creek, IIuni-hhir- e

Co., Va through Hardy and Pendleton toMonterey, in Highland County. Col. Thohurn wasordored to nwomjmny Gon. Averell us ftir asMonterey, and then to ndvniico on tho Stauntonjdko and threaten Staunton from tho west.

Gon. Averoll was ordered, after leaving Col.Thulium at Montorey. to prooeed south throughUntil and AliaKhnuy Comities to Jackson's Hirerat or near Covington, and thence by tho mostpracticable route through Craig and Roanoke

SiSt?

EJUS

Gen. W. W. Aveuell.Counties to Salem, and after nccompllhhlng hispurpose, if ho should bo threatened with a rebelforco Budleieut to obstruct his return, ho was or-

dered to move south and Mxikc some of our postsin North Carolina.

My plan worked admirably. The relwl troops inthe neighborhood of Covington and Jackson'sKiver were nil withdrawn to the right and left forthe support of Staunton or Lewisburg and Union,which enabled Averetl to reach Salem withoutmeeting a rubol force. Unfortunately Gen. Seam-mo- il

retreated from Lcwisburg on tbe ICth, therebyenabling Gen. Echols, with his Confederate force,to fall back to Covington and Jacknon's River forthe purose of cutting utr Gen. Averell's retreat.Thin inovoniont resulted in forcing Gon. Averell tocro?s tho Allegheny Mountains to Pocahontas andltandulph Gounlici. If Geii.Scammon had obeyedorders and hold Lewisburg unll Gen. Averell wassufoly out, ho would not have lost a man or anymaterial.

THE FIEST SEPAEATE BRIGADE,Department of West Virginia, was commanded by Brig.-Ge- n. Wm. W. Averell, andwas designated by Gen. Kelley to attempt toreach Salom, Va., on the Virginia & Ten-

nessee Railroad, a distance of nearly or quite200 miles, behind the lines of five separateopposing forces the Confederate commandsof Echols, Jones, Jackson, McCausland andImbodeu any oneof which, except, perhaps,Jackson76, was abundantly able alone to copewith us. This raid was to be attempted inMidwinter, with all tho chances of mount-a-m

storms, frosts and snow, as well as swell-

ing floodsragainst us. The question Why?was natural; but this was a command ofveterans, who had made two successful raidsbefore; had met the enemy in numerousskirmishes and cavalry battles, and hadmade the name of Averell and his raidersboth famous and to be feared in all WesternVirginia from tbe Virginia & TennesseeRailroad to the Ohio River.

Gen. Averell was peculiarly fitted for thiscommand aud this daring seemingly rashundertaking. He had a brilliant record as acavalry commander in the Army of the Poto-mac. He had met the enemy on a numberof fiercely-contest- ed fields and

CAEK1ED THE LAUEELS AWAYeach time. He had conducted the samebody of troops through two formidableraidB one in August, 1803, after followingGen. Lee on his retreat from Gettysburg upthe Valley to Strasburg, the commandmoved to the right over the mountains toward the headwaters of the Kanawha, meet-ing the enemy again and again, until Aug.20, when, an exhausted command, with littlefood and ammunition, was caught in RockyGap by a superior force, and after a hot con-

test was compelled to fall back and findanother route through the mountains, escap-ing with little loss, and proving that cavalrywell handled could be a dangerous menaceto the enemy.

After recuperating, the command startedfrom Beverly, in Randolph Co., W. Va., onits second raid, moved south to PocahontasCounty, whore we met Gen. John Echols at

Gen. John H. Oley.Droop Mountain, strongly fortified and de-

fying us to attack him. This far on ourroute we were accompanied by infantry,nudor Col. Moor, of the 28th Ohio, vhoproved invaluable and

MAPE A VlfTOUY POSSIBLEEarl; is the ntoroiHg of Nor; 6 Col. Moor

moved to our right and front by a circuit oflight utiles or more, htrikiug the enemy on

htti left and rear, and causing a stampedefrom his front to take care of tlio expotedflank. At tVis point the cavalry, which wasfijcUtiiig on font except Gibson's battalionjuwi a yart of Gen. Oley's 8th W. Va. M't'dInfwkidh was in rosorve charged over thebruustwodta of Uie enemy and completelyrouted him. The mount4sd rowirvo tmmeilj-mvi- y

pHnwied and drove the foe before it un-

til night, when darknesss stopped the chase.The infantry rottimed lo Beverly and Gen.

Averoll wtjuj, on to Lewisburg, which placethe enemy abandoned in the night, audthence to Covington and on to Gatewood,Monterey, Franklin, Petersburg, in Pendleton Ooim!', and thence to Nw Creole, on theit. & O. Railroad and on the border of Mary-land. JCiqowng to go into Winter quarters!hu, Hbo oemmnnd began to settle down.Loaves of ansonce were nought, and officers

who could do so, sent for their wives andfriends to visit them, Scarcely had a monthpassed, when

THE MOST FAMOUS BAIDyet undertaken by Averell was ordered,under tho direct command, as it appears, ofthe Secretary of War.

The brigade consisted of the 5th, 6th and7th W. Va. Cav. at that time known as the2d, 3d and 8th Va. M't'd Inf., the 14th Pa.Cav., Gibson's battalion, and Ewing'a batteryof six guns.

The morning of Dec. 8, 18G3, when thecommand mounted and moved south upPatterson's Creek, was beautiful and bright,more like an October morning. The officers,men and horses looked fresh and eager forwhatever the days might bring. The equip-ment of the troops was not first-clas- s;

only the 14th Pa. and Gibson's battalionwere armed with carbines. Tho West Vir-ginia troops had short Enfield rifles muz-zle loaders' sabers, and Colt's navy revolv-ers. The rifle is an awkward piece to carryon horseback, aud is not a convenient armfor loading while in the saddle; but as theWest Virginia troops were to be used

AS DISMOUNTED CAVALEY,the objections to their arms were not so seri-ous.

The battery of six guns, commanded byCapt C. T. Ewing, now living in Thayer,Kan., was in good condition and well pre-

pared for the work. Capt. Ewing was a splen-did officer and a gentleman of culture. Hiseducational opportunities had been superior,and he evidently made good use of his time.Lieut. Howard Morton, of the same battery,was a brave officer and thoroughly qualifiedfor the position he held.

CoL Alex. Scott commanded theSthW. Va.Cav., Lieut-Co- l. Frank Thompson the Gtb,

Col. F. W. Thompson, Gtii W. Va. Cav.

BrevetBrig.-Gen.JohnH.01eytho7th,Lient-C- ol.

Wm. Blakely the 14th Pa. Cav.,and Maj.Gibson the battalion of that name. My acquaintance with these officers was limited,except as to Gen. Oley, with whom I hadthe pleasure of serving during the entirewar. He was appointed on the staff of Gov.Pierpoint, of West Virginia, early in thewar. He went to Washington a member ofthe

FAMOUS 7TH NEW YORKa regiment in which every man was a trainedsoldier and fit for command. It furnishedmore officers for tho volunteer Eervice thanany other regiment that went to Washing-ton.

Gen. Oley was a fine-appeari- officerintelligent, agood disciplinarian, and in everyrespect thoroughly qualified to command.He was sent to the 7th W. Va. Cav. when itwas organizing, to put it in shape and getit ready for the field. He held a commissionas Major, and when the regiment was orderedout he was assigned to the command, audrose in rank until ho became Colonel andBrevet Brigadier-Genera- l. He endeared him-self to the officers and men of his regiment,and had the respect and confidence of hissuperior officers. At the surrender of LeeGen. Oley was in command of the District ofthe Kanawha, with headquarters at Charles-ton, W. Va., and received the surrender offully 5,000 Confederates.

If tho reader will take up a map of Vir-ginia, he will Eee that the region of countryin a direct lino between New Creek nowKeyser, W. Va. to Salem is mountainous, andthat it must be, ordinarily, a difficult route topass over, especially so in tho face ofan enemyand in Winter. But the map can give noade-quat- e

idea of this mountain region. Ita roughroads, numerous and deep streams nearlyall bndgeless, its high, dark peaks and spurssometimes hanging over the path called aroad until the same is hid. These mount-ains afforded a retreat for a

CKUEL AND BLOODYclass of warrioib, not regular Confederatesoldiers, but lawless freebooters, who hidbehind trees and rocks, and fired into ourranks from positions where pursuit was impossible. Many and many a Union soldierfell under tho fire of these guerrillas andwas quietly laid away in a mountain grave,while his comrades swore vengeance uponhis murderers aud all their class. The igno-rance of the average inhabitant of thesemountains was appalling.

Tho road from New Creek to Petersburgwas comparatively good. Our infantry andtrain with rations and ammunition accom-panied us the first and second days. NewCreek was left defenseless. The commandmoved forward without special incident, un-

til we had passed far beyond our outpOnts.The enemy seemed to have retired to hiscamps many miles behind hia usual scoutingground.

OEN. J. D. IMBODENwrites me that ho was camped at Kraulzer'sSpring, some four or five miles north ofHarrisonburg, with about 1,500 regular Con-

federate troops, and with small parties to hisfront and left scoutiugand seeking informa-tion as to tho movements, if any, of thoenemy. Capt McNeill, a famous raider, hadjust been in Hardy County and reported allquiet to Gen. Iraboden. The first informa-tion of our movements was given Gemlm-bode- n

through a Southern young lady, whowas visiting friends at Petersburg vrb.cn our

column passed through that place. I againquoto from Gen. Imboden, whose courtesy Iacknowledge in kindly aiding mo in gather-ing matter for this paper:

In Hardy County tho wealthy family of Cun-ningham was conspicuous for devotion to our cause,both male and female. Of tho latter Misa SallioCunninglMtm, one of tlra most benutiful and ac-complished girla of Hardy County, was an enthusi-astic Confederate, and was loved and admired byall of us for her beauty, patriotism and nobility ofcharacter. It so happened that on the 8th Decem-ber, 1SG3. eho was in Petersburg visiting friends.To her dismay Avcrcll's forces entered tho villagobefore she had heard of their npproach. Sho wasconcealed up-stai- ra in her friend's house, whence, onthe morning of the 0th, she was able to escapo backto Moorcfleld. She wroto mo a noto informing mothat Gen. Averell, with 6,000 men cavalry, infan-try and artillery was moving rapidly towardFranklin. This note sho put in tho hands of awounded convalescent of my command, who wasconcealed at his homo at Moorcfleld, mounted himonhcrown lino riding-hore- e, and bade him neverstop until he found mo and delivered the noto intomy own hands. That noto reached mo at Kraut-zer- 's

Springs early about 7 or 8 a. m. of tho 10thof December.

By the time Gen. Imboden had informa-tion of our movement wo had been underway two days, and wero already past his leftand rapidly

LEAVING HEM IN THE EEAE.Imboden judged, as we wanted him to, thatthis was a movement on Staunton, wherewas a large store of supplies for the Confed-erate army. The movements of Wells up theValley; of Thohurn, who went with us as faras Monterey ; Scammon from the KanawhaValley, and Moor from Beverly, added totho confusion of the enemy, so that ho wasat a loss what step3 to take or where tostrike.

At Monterey, in Highland County, wherewe arrived on the 11th of December, wewere on the pike leading to Staunton. Wewent into camp at a village called McDow-

ell, where Thohurn had proceded us withhis brigade, consisting of the 1st and 14thW. Va. and 23d 111. Here we

BTBIPPED OUBSELVES FOE THE EACE.Our supply train went no farther. Rationswere issued to the men and the last forageto horses. From this time on till we reachedonr lines again our animals subsisted off thecountry. All officers, men and horses thaton this final trial were not fit, for any reason,to go on, were sent back to New Creek withCol. Thohurn'a command. Only well-mou- nt

ed men who were ahlebodied went onwhere, we did not know ; possibly to death,certainly to danger and suffering, the fullsignificance of which we only knew whenthe fierce storm broke upon us and there wasno escape.

A feint was made to our left at McDoweUas if wo were going to Staunton, whichcaused Gen. Lee to- - order Early from thoArmy of Northern Virginia to Staunton, toassume command, and to meet us and theforces under Wells coming up the Valley.The feint accomplished its purpose. Wewere well on our way down Back Creek to-

ward Callahan's and Thohurn on his re-

turn to New Creek before the enemy wasable to see through

THE SMOKE AND DUST

we had created, and to realize that Averellwas miles away, moving rapidly for somepoint on the Virginia & Tennessee Railroad.

Gen. Imboden says when it was clear thatAverell had gone and that he could not over-take him, he felt snro other Confederatecommands we would have to meet would takecare of us, and that there was no possibilityof our escape. Gen. Jubal A. Early had bythis time assumed command, and was atStaunton. Gen. Imboden met him, and wasinformed that Gen. Fitzhugh Lee was on theway with his division of cavalry to join inthe pursuit of Averell. Imboden says:

It was settled that he fAvcrellJ was aiming at Sa-lem, on the Virginia Sc Tennessee ICailroad, wherewo had considerable stores. I stated to Ucn. Earlythat from my knowledge of the country it wouldbo Impossible for us to save Salem. Averell hadloo much tho htart of us. After somo discussion,Gen. Early said to mo:

" With your knowledge of this country and theenemy's forces, what would you do if in commandof all the troops now in the Valley?"

My reply was: "General, I would turn the tableson Averell and teach him a lesson to stay closerabout home. At New Creek, above Cumberland,on the II. kO. Ituilroad, where ho started from, theyhave enormous supplies collected. Averell hasbrought away all the troops from New Creek. Ifyou will order me to go right to Franklin, I knowa road by which I can reach thut place by day-break and cut off the retreat of tho Infantry audwagons Averell left at McDowell. Whilst I amgoing there, you could to-nig-ht march Thomas'sand Walker's Brigades of Infantry to McDowell,and overtake the Yankees after I Inter-cept them at McCoy's Mill, two miles this side ofFranklin, where they can't forco their way pastme, and you will bag the whole concern.

night I can reach Now Creek, which is nowundefended, take it, und if you can como up, wowill capture and bring away more stores tbnn theycan destroy at Salem. You can send Fitz Lee afterAverell lo stop his devilment on tho Virginia fcTennessee Itailroad. If I can't bring anythingaway from New Creek, I can destroy as much asAverell, and we will be even."

Tho General replied: "That strikes mo as ad d good Idea, if s and Walker's mencan stand tho night march to McDowell. I willrido buck to Buffalo Gap nud let you know whatto do."

Ho left mo, nnd I ordered my men to get whatsleep they could at an early hour and give all thohorhes a good feed. About naif post 0 that night Ireceived a note from Gen. Early to move my wholecommand to Buffalo Gap at once. By II p.m. I re-ported to him, und learned that ho had such intclli- -

" ?"fi5lj g'"-LIlt?-

Capt. J. M. Ripe, 7th W. Va. Cav.gence that ha believed FJU Leo and I could capt-ure Averell by a rapid movement after him. ilehad ordered Ucn. Lee to march all night towardLexington, on tho Gratmvillo road, aud for mo lolako tho shortest route via Mtddlebrook audBrowniburg, and report naxt morning to Gen. Leeat Lexington.

While all this wa going on, wo werecrowding nail for Salout. Wo had passedCallahan's by the 14tb. Everything in ourfront vrasbru-hedaway- . Scouts werecaptttredwho imparted information. Loyal citizenswero

BEADY TO AID USin giving an idea of the xoeds, bridges, mount--

ain-pass- es, and of the movements, number,and position of tho enemy. It was " for-

ward" day and night. The temperaturehad fallen, tho wind blew a gale from thenorth, and from the dense clouds a storm of

tog. iWeiV if j.

Capt. C. T. Ewing.

rain, sleet and snow pounded down upon usnearly all the weary days and nights thatremained of this terrible march. Theretreat of Napoleon's army from Moscowcould not have caused greater suffering thanbegan to tell on our ranks. Our rations hadwell-nig- h disappeared. The horses were fedwhat could be snatched as we passed througha country long since sadly desolated bywar.

The cry for sleep and food was for a whilehushed by the stinging cold wo endured.What a precious sight a little fire was. Howwe wanted to stop just a moment and

WAEM THE ICY CUEEENT8of blood. We were comforted sometimes bythe assurance of some fierce Confederate thatwe would never see Yankeeland certainlynot until we had passed through the Confed-erate Exchange Agent's hands; and we werevery much of the same opinion. Any prediction of evil could be safely risked of usnow, for we were a miserable set of patriots.

We passed Covington on the 14th, and tooktho route by Dunlap's Creek to Sweet Spriog3,wbero wo passed over tho mountain of the samename Our course up to this time had beensteadily south wc3t in passing the mountain, anduntil we reached Salem we moved in a south-eastern direction. Sweet Spring Mountain andPott's Mountain aro spurs of the Alleghenieshigh, with wide plateau3 on tbe top, requiringconsiderable time to pass over a distance of17 miles. Tho top of this mountain mu3t besparsely inhabited. Wo passed over in thenight, and I remember bat a few signs of life.Here and there a light from a cabin windowindicated that some human beings found ahome in oven such a desolato place.

Acting as Officer of tho Day daring thomarch over this mountain, I passed from thorear to tho front of the column, and seeing alight near tho road, I tied my horso and wentinto tho house to warm while the line wasclosing ap. As I entered I found a man andwoman sitting by tho fire, and a number ofchildren in bed at the other end of tho room.I made myself at homo at thofiresido, and soonfound I was entertained by

A COUPLE OF LIVELY TALKEBS.Tho man asked : " Who are you VI said, "I am a Yankeo soldier.""Bo you a Yankee?"

LlEUT. HOWAED MOETON.

"Yes."" Wbar bo you from V"From Ohio."" You aro from tho Ohiar, bo you ? Whar did

you get them good clothes?""Undo Sum furnishes them to all his sol-

diers."" Is that so? Our boys aro not dressed that

well."By and by tho man said, after having looked

at me to his heart's content : "Stranger, wharisyoar horn3?"

" What do you meau by such a question?"Tho woman hit him on tho shoulder, and

said: "Didn't I tell yo they're human critterslike tho rest on us."

"Well, they told us tho Yankees had horn3."" Who told you ? " I asked."The men that came round making war

speeches and recruiting for tho rebel army!"ho replied.

By playing on tho ignorance of some, andtho prejudices, prido and fear of others, and bywretched misrepresentations, secession wascarried, tho army of rebellion was recruited,and tbe war carried on to its

BLOODY AND DISASTaOUS CONCLUSION.As we passed on tliu night had other experi-

ences in storu for us. It was evident the ene-my was thoroughly confused as to our purpose,utid no one vtaa iu our front to opposo us or tocarry news ahead.

At a late hour our advuuee camo suddenly insight of a house where a wedding party wa3having a good time all unconscious of ourapproach. The house was surrounded and acapturo was made of the whole concern, only afew men escaping. Rebel soldiers wero in thehouso aud were astonished to nud they wereprisoners-of-wa- r. The happy groom was JohnStarks, a rebel soldier; tho bride was, or hadbeen, Miss Polly Tucker. The Eoldicrs inado a

CLEAN SWEEP OP THK SUPPER,which tbo invited guests had not touched.Onlysomo vinegar was left on the table so oneof tho men said.

When tho column camo up tho advance wa3ordered forward, and the men ubout the housewere directed to full in aud go with us on ourgrand march to the South. Tbo bride, fiutlingsho wti3 so soon to bo bereft of her loving mate,determined to go along. She fell into liuo andmarched on and on, in tho cold and rain andmud, keeping up with tho command uutil woreached Salem, wbero the prisoners werenearly all released, her husband among them.This opisodo afforded boundless amusement totbo exhausted troops, who found ingeniousways of annoying tbe poor bride by asking allsorts ot questions as to

HEE BUIDAL "TO WEE";how long sho expected to be absent, whero shewas going to put up .for the night, etc. Siteyeas not always delighted with the jutioua

j aiiitifi J!ri?a nt f. .nlA liJuS, . .. . r.iW? J t? A fo- - -- 5mA ,(UlA. Mr

not nearly aa much as tho boys wero. Shojofton fired back at them so vigorously that"one shot would sometimes balance quito an ac-count.

When wo reached tho foot of tho mountainwe camo to an oid-tim- o Virginia hotel, famousyears ago as the stopping placo of Southern vis-itors on their way to White Sulphur and othersprings. This place was called "Scott's Sta-tion,' and was kept by Mr. Oliver Scott. Heroa wedding had also just taken placo. Wm. H.Kylo had been married to Miss Jennio Scott, amost estimable and beautiful young lady, whowas bravo and full of grit. Sho was creditedwith

KICKHTO A YANKEE SOX.VITH.down the steps of tho honse, while ho was seek-ing admission to get a sharo of tho good thingsusually provided for such occasions.

We were now down tho mountain and within38 miles of our destination. No enemy worthconsidering was in our front to oppose us. Im-boden, Fitzhugh Lee, Jones, Echola, McCans-lan-d

and Jackson were all somewhere in ourrear, or far on our Hank3 trying to find outsomething about us, or making frantic effortsto get into mountain poasos and to seizo strate-gic points to prevent our return.

Soventeen miles from Scott's Station is tholittlo villago ofFaircastlo. Hero the commandhalted but a short time long enough to learnthat there was probably no enemy within 25or 30 miles from us. Tho exhaustion of thecommand began to show fearfully. Manyhorses wero lamo or broken down. Some menwero obliged to walk, having

KILLED THEIR HORSES

when thoy gave out. Theso men usually man-aged to mount themselves by making draft3 forhones on tho good citizens as we passed.

Auubucrsii-nign- t nue was Deiure us, tor aa-le- m

wa3 still 21 miles away. Some time dur-ing the day Dec. 16 wo reached tho objectof all our toil, sacrifices and dangers. Here wewere, 200 miles from our base of supplies andnearest support, in tho heart of the enemy'scountry, between tho two greatest armies ofthe Confederacy, on tho line of the chief rail-road between them, nearer North Carolina andEast Tennessee than our base, with not morethan 1,500 men and one battery of six guns alltold of our command.

Whatever was to bo done must bo done veryquickly. We could not stay hero 21 hoars itmay bo not an hour. The work to be donemust bo

THOROUGHLY DESTRUCTIVE.To the right and left tho column moved, andbegan to burn, and tear up and break up whatwould not burn, everything that coald aidtho enemy. The depots, mill, railroad bridgesand culverts and railroad tracks for severalmile3 each way were burned and destroyed.Gen. Averell reported to tbe General of theArmy tho destruction of three depots, contain-ing 2,000 barrels of flour, 10,000 bushels ofwheat, 100.000 bushels of shelled corn, oat3,meat, leather, salt, clothing, cotton, harness,shoes, tools, oil, and many other things, and100 wagons.

When our advance reached Salem a generalstampede wa3 in delightful progress among thecitizens and such Confederate soldiera as weroleft. A passenger train wa3 at the depot aboutto move off, when Capt. Ewing, of tho battery,ordered Lieut. Howard Morton to aim at thelocomotive zud disable it if possible. Asbot wa3"let drive," but it missed the mark, and beforoanother could be fired the train was moving offat a rapid rate, and soon disappeared aroundths hills and was gone.

Citizens gave U3 a wide berth. I do not re-member that one came out to welcome us, andI am sure no banquet was spread forour hungrycommand. But this made littlo difference tothe majority of the bluecoats. They wero on amission of destruction and appropriation, andthings were made to hum during the few hourswe wero in Salem. But I do not think a singleact of

PURE VANDALISM!

was committed by tho men. This was not per-mitted, and would have been severely punishedif known. The people who entertain a cavalryraid are sometimes over-sensitiv- e, misinterpretthp spirit of tbe troopers, aud charge them withcrimes and outrages they do not think of muchless commit. In th3 spirit of misunderstand-ing a gentleman from Salem writes mo askingfor "the names of tho raiders or dogs thatpillaged my house." It may be outrages werecommitted, but it i3 not likely that many oftbem occurred, as tho discipline wa3 very rigid,and those that may have occurred were morotho outburst of a dare-dev- il spirit that wasmomentary in its impulse, and that meant noharm and probably did little. I bavo longsince learned to accept charges of wrongs donoto citizens by troops raiding through a countrywith great allowance, and especially if thecharges are mado against Averell's command.

.To be continutd.1

thought.Thought, thou moat mysterious power,

Both supernal and aublime.Guardian of the mystic hour.

Swifter-winge- d than light or tlmo;OI thou universal motor.

Monitor of tide and storm ;Thought like thin that man's

Only of subllmer form.

Thought, thou galaxy of knowledge.Fountain-sprin- g of wit and song.

Master-ke- y to all that's nobloIn tbe universal throng;

Thought, like magic still expanding;Bulky volumes swift unfold;

Thought, thou king of mental wonders.Can thy powers ere be told?

Thought, by thee He formed Creation,Moved the planets as they roll;

Thought, by thee Ho planned SalvationAnd breathed in man a living soul;

Thought, through theo He condescendedTo interchange thoughts of God with thoughts of

man;Thought, through thee He kindly blended

Revelation with Salvation's holy plan.Onward, onward, upward, upward,

Let my thoughts eternal steer.Till my soul Is anchored oafely

Far beyond the shades of fear;Bear me on, thou realm of thought,

To the acme of thy sphere ;Give me back all man has lost

By his fall and faithless fear.

Thought, though changing, yet it's real,al with the soul;

"Wildly, strangely, transraigratlve.In clarion volumes roll;

Thought is knowledge, thought is power;Thought! by thee the monarehs reign;

Thought I by thee wo weigh our sorrows.And by thee we measure pain.

Thought alone majestic dashesFearless on the tide of time ;

Prison-pen-s nor galling fettersSullies not its genial clime ;

Bovelatlon through thee is given.Brightest star in mortal crown ;

Telegrams through thee to HeavenBear our wishes to the Throne.

Dbprorlng tho (ircen Cl:eee Theory.From Uie Troy Times.

A littlo six-year-o- ld granddaughter of a well-kno-

New Eugland clergyman, in doubting astatement by her undo that the moon is madeof green cbceso, was advised by tho divine toascertain for herself. "How can I, graudpa? "Get yourBiblo aud seo what it says." " Whereshall I begiu?" "Begin at tho beginning."Tho child sat down and read the Bible. Beforesho had got half through tho second chapter ofGenesis, aud had read about tbe creation of thostars and tbe animals, she camo back to hergrandfather, her eyes all bright with the ex-citement of discovery ; " I have found it, grand-pa! It isn't true; for God made tho moon bu-fb- ro

ho mado auy cows."...i..i

Ob the Poll.A ticklish position that of tho fly en tbo

bald head.

THE BECOfflm

Of the Fighting Dona fcj thai Army of

the Potomac.

THE OFFIOTAI MS)T.

Engagements Accredited! to Allthe Various Organizations:,

THERE'S GLORY EKEIFor All Who Belonged! tolha,-Brav- e

and Patient Armty:

The National Tribuxe is under obitgations to Comrade J. C. Harris, 83d Pa,Venango, Pa., for-- a copy of the General Or-

der which foilowaT Space Is cheerfullyyielded to it, in accordance with a widely-espress- ed

desire for ita publication. Iishould be said, by way of explanation, that-th- e

list contains only regiments, batteries,etc, actually existing as distinct organiza-tions and serving in the Ajrmyof the Pofjmac at the time the order was promulgate

March 7, 1865. Obviously, also, the list,of battles 13 incomplete, containing onlythose which had occurred up to thafc limarNone of those whick followed in the closing;campaign of the war are included. The listof organizations does not contain. thoswhich, had been mustered out by reason ofexpiration of term of service, those whichlest; their individuality by being mergwif.into others, or those as tho Eleventh and1Twelfth Corps, consolidated into the Twen-tieth transferred ta other Departments. 3.would be desirable to have the record moMjcomplete, bat as far as it goes it is officialand, no doubt, correct r

HEAD0.rLUtTKB3 ACMY Off THE POTOMAa 7March 7, 1865. f

General Orders, No. 1$.In accordance with tbe requirements of Gen-

eral Orders. No. 19, of 1802, from tho War De-partment, and in conformity with tho reportof boards convened to examine into tho serr-ic- es

rendered by the troops concerned, and byifloamnoncyoi tae xneutenant-Uenen- u Com-manding Armies of the United States, itisorder-e- d

that there shall be inscribed upon the colorsor guidons of tbo following regiments and bat-teries serving in this army, the name3 of thobattles in which they have borne- - a meritoriouspart, and as hereinafter specified, viz:

MAINE.1st Heavy Art. Fredericksburg. Tolopoto-mo- y.

Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Deep Bottom,Boydton Road.

4th Battery Cedar Mountain, Antietara,Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor.

5th Battery Chaucelloraville, Gottyshurgj,Wildernes3, Spott3ylvania, Cold Harbor, Peters-burg, Opeiman, Fisher's Hill, Cedar Creek.

6th Battery Cedar Mountain, Second BullBun, Cbantilly, Antietam, Guttysbarg, 3IinBun, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna,Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Deep Bottom.

7th Battery Wilderness, Spottsylvania,North Anna, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Beama'aStation, Poplar Spring Church.

1st Cav. Jliddletowu. Winchester, CcdazMountain, Second Bull Bun, South Mountain,Antietam, Fredericksburg, Rappahannock Sta-tion, Brandy Statioa, Aldie, Middleburg, Up-pervi- lle,

Gettysburg, Shepardstdwu, SulphurSprings, Mine Bun, Fortifications of Richmond,Old Church, Todd's Tavern, Ground SquirrelChurch, Hawes's Shop, Cold Harbor, Trevil-lia- n

Station, St. Mary's Church, Deep Bottom,Ream's Station, Wyatt's Farm, Boydton Road.Bellefield.

lstlnf. Bull Run, Xorktown, Williamsburg-- ,

West Point, Gaines's Mill, Savage Station, WhitOak Swamp. Malvern Hill, Crampton's Gap,,Antietam, Marye's Hights, Salem Hights, Get-tysburg, Rappahannock Station, Wilderness,Spoitaylvania, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, FortStevens, Opequan, Fisher's Hill, Cedar Creek.

16th South Mountain, Antiotara, Freder-icksburg, Cbanceilorsvillo, Gettysburg, iliaRun, Wilderness, Spotsylvania, North, Anna,Tolopotomoy, Bethesda Church, Petersburg,Weldon Railroad.

17th Fredericksburg, Chancellorsvfllc, Get-tysburg, Auburn, Mine Rua, Wilderness, PoRiver, Spottsylvania, North Anna, Tolopoto-moy, Cold Harbor, Petersburg.

19th Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Get-tysburg, Bnstoe Station, Mine Run, Wilder-ness, Po River, Spottsylvania, North Anna,Tolopotomoy, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Strawberry Plains, Deep Bottom, Ream's Station,Boydton Road.

20th Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancel--'Ibrsville, Gettysburg, Rappubannock Station,Mine Ruu, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, NorthAnna, Tolopotomoy, Bethesda Church, Peters-burg. Weldon Railroad, Peebles's Farm. Hatch

r ex's Run.31st Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Har-

bor, Petersburg, Weldon Railroad, Poplar Spring-Churc- h.

32d Spottsylvania, North Auna, Cold Har-bor, Petersburg, Weldon Railroad, Poplar SpringChurch, Hatcher's Rua.

NEW HAaiPSHIRE.Battery M, 1st Art Second Bnll Run, An-

tietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Get-tysburg, Mine Run, Wilderness, Po River, Spott-sylvania, North Anna, Tolopotamoy, Cold Har-bor, Petersburg, JDeop Bottom.

5th Inf. Fair Oaks, Peach Orchard, SavagaStation, White Oak Swamp, Glentralo, Malvern.Hill, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chaucellora-ville, Gettysburg, Tolopotomoy, Cold Harbor,Petersburg, Strawberry Plains, Deep Bottom,Ream's Station.

6th Camden, Bull Run, Cbantilly, Soutb,Mountain, Antietam. Fredericksburg, Siege otVicksburg, Jackson, Wilderness. Spottsylvania,North Anna, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Hatch-er's Run, Poplar Spriug Church.

9th South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericks-burg, Sioge of Vicksburg, Jackson, Spottsyl-vaui- n.

North Anna, Cold Harbor. Petersburg,Waldou Railroad, Poplar Spring Church, Hatch-er's Run.

11th Fredericksburg, Vicksburg, Siego ofKuoxville, Wildurntjss, Spottsylvania, NbrtllAnna, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Jackson, Wal-dou Railroad, Poplar Spring Church, Hatch-er's Run.

VERMONT.1st Art. Spottsylvania. Cold Harbor, Peters-

burg, Chnrlestown, Ooequua, Fisher's HllCedar Creok.

2d Inf. Bull Run, Yorktown, Williamsburg-- ,

Golding's Farm, Savage Station, White OakSwamp, Crampton's Gap. Antietam, Fredericks-burg, ifaryo's Halite, Salem Hights, Gettys-burg, Funkatown, Rappahannock Station, Wil-derness, Spottsylvauiu,Uold Harbor, PetersburgChnrlestowu, Opequan, Fisher's Hill, CodaCreek.

3d Yorktown, Williamsburg, GoldingsFarm, Savage Station, White Oak Swamp,Crainptott's Gap, Antietam, FredericksbnrgiMuyro's Hights, Solum Highto, GettysburgFuukstown, Rnppabanuock. Wilderness, SpotVsylvanin, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Charie-tow- n,

Opequan, Fish-sr-'s Hill, Cedar Creok.'1th. Yorktown, Williamsburg, Golding'j

Farm. Savage Station, White Oak SwampyCrtfctuptoa's Gap. Antietam, Fredericks.arg;Ma;. - Hights, Solent Hights, SoUysfourfc

;