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Geoscience Bulletin Board – 16 April 2018 – compiled by Elaine J. Hanford

New type of aurora – shimmering purple ribbon of plasma – named “Steve” (Video) https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2018/03/steve-auroras-identified-plasma/

A brief overview of evolution from simple fossils to more complex life forms https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2018/03/brief-history-life-evolution-fossils-

biology/?utm_source=NatGeocom&utm_medium=Email&utm_content=wildscience_20180409_9PM&utm_campaign=Content&utm_rd=633182481

Distribution of trove of tektites may help locate meteor impact site within Australasian strewn field http://www.iflscience.com/environment/massive-missing-meteor-impact-crater-hunt-narrows-

after-glassy-debris-uncovered-in-antarctica/all/ Paper: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016703718301236#ab005

Is civilization ready for the next super-volcano eruption? https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidbressan/2018/04/10/is-civilization-ready-for-the-eruption-

of-a-supervolcano/#3f3fc4136353

Glaciers come and glaciers go – these are in Greenland and have declined a bit over 30 years https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=91956&eocn=home&eoci=iotd_grid

Considering fluid drainage processes and their impact on seismic activity of megathrust faults

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-04/tiot-sum040818.php

New digital mapping finds extinct volcanic craters, river beds and reefs off New South Wales coast http://www.canberratimes.com.au/environment/conservation/underwater-volcanic-craters-

and-rich-rocky-reefs-found-off-nsw-coast-20180409-p4z8m0.html

Atlantic Ocean circulation at weakest point in more than 1500 years based on ocean sediment records

https://phys.org/news/2018-04-atlantic-ocean-circulation-weakest-years.html

New book: “The Big Ones” - “…in no uncertain terms that Southern California is headed for a devastating magnitude 7.5 to 8.2 earthquake — it's only a matter of time”

http://www.latimes.com/books/la-ca-jc-fob-lucy-jones-20180411-story.html

Heavy rains, slope instability led to failure of Route 30 in western Pennsylvania http://wesa.fm/post/route-30-be-closed-months-after-collapse-evacuations#stream/0 http://triblive.com/local/allegheny/13514082-74/county-state-start-coordinating-plans-to-fix-

collapsed-route-30-in-east

Fossil jawbone suggests this “sea monster” was nearly the size of a blue whale https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/new-ichthyosaur-was-one-largest-creatures-

ever-existed-180968751/ https://phys.org/news/2018-04-jaw-bone-british-beach-huge.html

US natural gas production reached record level of 90.9 billion cubic feet per day in 2017 https://www.chron.com/business/energy/article/U-S-saw-record-natural-gas-production-in-

2017-12821212.php

Long-term monitoring may help improve understanding of why ocean circulation is changing https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-04322-x https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/ocean-current-keeps-europe-warm-

weakening-180968784/ http://ontario-geofish.blogspot.com/2018/04/ocean-currents-changing-due-to-carbon.html

First 3-D thermal image of Stromboli volcano in Italy produced using drone technology http://www.machinery-market.co.uk/news/20515/Worlds-first-3-D-thermal-image-of-a-volcano

Possible explanation for the formation of columnar jointing in the Giant's Causeway http://www.iflscience.com/environment/longstanding-mystery-about-giants-causeway-solved-

destructive-lab-experiments/ https://phys.org/news/2018-04-insight-giant-causeway-devils-postpile.html https://www.siliconrepublic.com/innovation/how-giants-causeway-formed Paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-03842-4

Global warming alarmists take note – you better stop mountains from eroding! https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/environment/global-warming/mountain-erosion-

may-add-co2-to-atmosphere-study/articleshow/63748136.cms

Planetary geology: high-resolution images of massive impact crater on Mars

http://www.ibtimes.com/impact-crater-or-supervolcano-strange-mars-formation-seen- stunning-esa-images-2671712

A possible explanation for the formation of gas hydrates https://www.sciencealert.com/scientists-solve-weird-molecular-flammable-ice-gas-hydrate-

mystery

Photo-essay on October 2017 rockslide in Candelaria Mine https://blogs.agu.org/landslideblog/2018/04/12/candelaria-mine-1/

NASA video with 4K resolution of the surface of the Moon https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nasa-video-shows-moons-surface-in-4k-resolution/ Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nr5Pj6GQL2o https://nasa.tumblr.com/post/172760161639/a-tour-of-our-moon

Some magmas split into two separate liquids – one rich in iron https://phys.org/news/2018-04-lavas-lab-miners-iron-ore.html Paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-03761-4

Thunderstorms in the upper atmosphere of Earth to be studied by ESA ASIM Columbus Module https://phys.org/news/2018-04-thunderstorm.html

Large wildfires can increase stream flow for decades https://phys.org/news/2018-04-large-wildfires-annual-river.html

ESA Swarm tracks changes in magnetic field resulting from ocean magnetism – animation of tidal magnetic signal over 24 hours

http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/Swarm_tracks_elusive_ocean_magnetism_999.html Animation: http://m.esa.int/spaceinvideos/Videos/2018/04/Magnetic_tides

Study suggests 25% of nitrogen available for plant growth is derived from weathering bedrock http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/

New_source_of_global_nitrogen_discovered_Earths_bedrock_999.html

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Environmental Science Bulletin Board – 16 April 2018 – compiled by Elaine J. Hanford

Uranium mining poses a very real risk to waters and people of the Grand Canyon Video: https://vimeo.com/241576331 Paper: http://aquadoc.typepad.com/files/tobinetal_springs_review.pdf Petition to defend the Grand Canyon:

http://grandcanyontrust.nonprofitsoapbox.com/canyonuraniumban

White Nose Syndrome now detected in Texas – potential threat to millions of bats http://www.kvue.com/article/news/local/potentially-deadly-bat-fungus-spreads-to-central-

texas/269-535443381

Memorandum outlines beginning steps to protect the American people & our national security https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/presidential-memorandum-secretary-state-

secretary-defense-attorney-general-secretary-health-human-services-secretary-homeland-security/

Squirrels may look adorable, but you might not like some of their behaviors – cannibalism & infanticide

https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2018/03/red-squirrel-infanticide-Yukon-cannibalism/ Paper: https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ecy.2158

Perspective: Is the flu vaccine worthwhile or is it worth globally investing in a universal flu vaccine? https://www.nature.com/articles/nm.4535

NC DEQ files amended complaint & motion for preliminary injunction against Chemours Corporation targeting air & groundwater contamination

https://www.coastalreview.org/2018/04/deq-files-injunction-against-chemours/

Analysis of the 1918-1919 outbreak of highly contagious Spanish flu in Norway leads to framework for improving resilience

https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/insights/what-makes-community-resilient

American farmers now trying to promote healthy soil that is “full of life” https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/04/09/597617822/a-grass-roots-movement-for-

healthy-soil-spreads-among-farmers Trying to grow an organic garden – beware of plastic from food waste in your fertilizer

https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/04/06/600174922/another-place-plastics-are- turning-up-organic-fertilizer-from-food-waste

Good advice is to wash those new clothes before you wear them – reduces microbes & chemical exposure

https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/wash-clothes-before- wearing_us_5ac64e0fe4b07a3485e207fc

Young dolphins recognize themselves earlier than young chimps or human children https://www.treehugger.com/animals/dolphins-recognize-themselves-human-children-do.html Paper: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0189813

Kenai Fjords National Park – 10 tips to improve your visit https://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/experience/america/national-parks/2018/04/11/kenai-

fjords-national-park-visiting-tips/504478002/

Polar bear population does not correlate with extent of sea ice – OMG the media got it wrong yet again

http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/04/11/delingpole-climate-alarmists-maul- inconvenient-polar-bear-expert/

Global warming alarmists will be happy to know that they are studying methane production by cows https://news.wisc.edu/researcher-follows-dairy-cows-carbon-footprints-from-barn-to-field/

UC researchers to assess potential contamination of backyard chicken eggs from wildfire pollutants http://www.capradio.org/articles/2018/04/10/did-california-fires-contaminate-backyard-

chicken-eggs-university-of-california-egg-study-aims-to-find-out/

Whatever happened to Mad Cow Disease (BSE)? USDA quickly corrected policy https://www.thedailybeast.com/whatever-happened-to-mad-cow-disease

Juvenile sperm whale washed ashore in Murcia, Spain, had 64 pounds of plastic in digestive system

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/dead-sperm-whale-had-64-pounds-trash-its- digestive-system-180968776/

10 most endangered rivers in America resulting from mining & flood control projects https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/report-lists-americas-ten-most-endangered-

rivers-1-180968771/

145 megawatt Palmas Atlas wind farm to be developed in Texas https://cleantechnica.com/2018/04/11/acciona-to-build-145-megawatt-texas-wind-farm/

Perspective: Florida must invest more in resilient infrastructure https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/green/news/2018/04/12/449548/florida-future-fund-

accelerating-investment-resilient-infrastructure-communities/

Did you even know about voting for “Landmark Madness” – Panama Canal won with 122 final votes https://brackify.com/bracket/8136/Landmark-Madness/results

Multi-generational culture helps Belugas follow annual migration path across the Arctic https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/culture-guides-belugas-annual-odysseys-

across-arctic-180968761/

That crazy $11B water diversion tunnel project in California just won’t go away http://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2018/04/10/california-water-twin-tunnels/ https://www.sfchronicle.com/news/article/California-s-two-tunnel-Delta-project-is-back-

12823416.php

Estimated $212M to be granted by federal government (i.e., your tax dollars) for wildfire recovery in CA

http://www.pressdemocrat.com/news/8209347-181/feds-award-212-million-to

San Diego, California, approves environmental report for first phase of “Pure Water San Diego” recycling program to begin delivering 30M gallons daily beginning in 2021

https://timesofsandiego.com/politics/2018/04/10/recycled-drinking-water-for-san-diego-city- approves-environmental-report/

Royal Oak, Michigan, looks at ‘green solutions’ for stormwater & flood control http://www.dailytribune.com/article/DT/20180406/NEWS/180409788

Is automation really the key to future urban living? As Tokyo, Singapore & Dubai become prototype ‘robot cities’ someone needs to ask where will the resources come from to build them?

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/what-will-automated-city-future-look-like- 180968760/

In Colonial America, slaying Native Americans was rewarded – gruesome story of “hero” Hannah Duston

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/gruesome-story-hannah-duston-american-colonist- whose-slaying-indians-made-her-folk-hero-180968721/

Spray of 320 gallons of nerve gas VX across Dugway Proving Grounds killed 6,000 sheep in 1968 and spurred debate on chemical weapons

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/how-death-6000-sheep-spurred-american-debate- chemical-weapons-cold-war-180968717/

Keystone pipeline leak now estimated at 9700 barrels (407,400 gallons) in November 2017 in South Dakota

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/keystone-pipeline-leak-was-twice-big- previously-thought-180968722/

Documenting cultural eutrophication & other human impacts on Walden Pond https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/new-study-details-man-made-damage-done-

walden-pond-180968700/ Paper: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0191755

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Coastal Zone Management Bulletin Board – 16 April 2018 – compiled by Elaine J. Hanford

Louisiana issued emergency quarantine to control invasive marsh-killing bugs- Roseau cane mealy bug

https://www.npr.org/2018/04/07/599790400/louisiana-issues-quarantine-to-control-invasive- marsh-killing-bug

Quarantine order: http://www.ldaf.state.la.us/news/emergency-quarantine-for-roseau-cane-scale/

South Padre Island seeking input through online survey to assist Shoreline Master Plan http://www.kveo.com/news/local-news/south-padre-island-looking-for-publics-help-in-

shoreline-survey/1103232300

Coastal stream restoration efforts are not evenly distributed in central California https://phys.org/news/2018-04-disparities-coastal-stream-central-california.html

Assessing vulnerability of coastal Kwazulu-Natal – 580 km of dense population & tourism https://www.theclimategroup.org/news/assessing-kwazulu-natal-coastal-vulnerability-sea-

level-rise

Judge dismisses appeal on “unbuildable” coastal property near “fragile resources” & tidal wetlands http://www.newhavenindependent.org/index.php/branford/entry/

judge_dismisses_effort_to_build_on_fragile_coastal_lot/

Public input on Holden Beach groin in North Carolina – too costly a risk with uncertain outcome https://www.coastalreview.org/2018/04/public-weighs-in-on-holden-beach-groin-plan/

Dare County Board of Commissioners hears testimony & finds offshore drilling risks to be unacceptable

https://www.obsentinel.com/news/board-hears-case-for-offshore-drilling/article_d4b7d602- 3783-11e8-9789-27b2698abc4b.html

https://www.coastalreview.org/2018/04/dare-rejects-arguments-for-offshore-drilling/

Can residential rain barrels help save Chesapeake Bay from polluted runoff as restoration proceeds?

https://fcnp.com/2018/04/09/rain-barrels-help-residents-save-money-chesapeake-bay/ https://pilotonline.com/opinion/editorial/article_c1002af6-3c29-11e8-a051-fbe8d7766f9f.html

Public-private clash over bridges over Intracoastal Waterway to beach in coastal Alabama http://www.al.com/news/mobile/index.ssf/2018/04/post_145.html

Perspective: Ban on Oyster Barge in Chesapeake Bay will allow shellfish to recover http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/opinion/oped/bs-ed-op-0315-dredge-ban-20180314-

story.html

Perspective: Texas coastal resilience could benefit from multi-faceted approach http://blogs.edf.org/texascleanairmatters/2018/04/03/how-a-multifaceted-approach-could-

strengthen-texas-coastal-resilience-before-the-next-harvey/

3-year study to assess coastal & riverbank erosion, human vulnerability & adaptation strategies to promote resilience

http://augustafreepress.com/researchers-investigate-riverbank-erosion-human-adaptation- and-resilience-in-coastal-bangladesh/

Construction failures along parts of the 55 km islands & bridges connecting Hong Kong, Macau, & mainland China

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/apr/09/fears-parts-of-world-longest-sea-bridge-are- floating-away

Perspective: Louisiana coast cannot be rebuilt “fast enough” as wetlands disappear – when will humans understand that things in Nature are constantly changing? Coastlines come and coastlines go

http://www.theadvocate.com/new_orleans/news/article_95c43f36-3dd1-11e8-801f- 1bf307be5b7f.html

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-04/nsf-mrd041218.php

Fishermen calling for expedited construction of breakwater along beach at Kampung Batu https://www.thestar.com.my/metro/metro-news/2018/04/13/need-to-speed-up-breakwater-

project-fishermen-worried-longterm-coastal-erosion-will-affect-livelihoo/

Risk of tsunamis could cost millions in global beach tourism https://phys.org/news/2018-04-tsunamis-beach-tourism-hundreds-millions.html https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-04/kift-tcc041218.php

Coastal waters play important role in carbon cycle transferring carbon to ocean & burying it in sediments

https://phys.org/news/2018-04-one-fifth-carbon-coastal-eastern-north.html

Restoration of marshes & oyster reefs are among most cost-effective solutions to counter-act impacts of coastal development and increased risk of flooding along US Gulf Coast

https://phys.org/news/2018-04-nature-based-solutions-billion-gulf-coast.html